CN110414064B - Construction method of structural surface morphology and shear strength correlation model - Google Patents
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Abstract
A construction method of a structural surface morphology and shear strength correlation model comprises the following steps: (1) Extracting point cloud data of the initial form of the model structural surface by using a three-dimensional laser scanner, and selecting the structural surface to perform a structural surface shearing test until the structural surface is destroyed and stops; (2) Processing the point cloud data and the picture shot by the high-speed camera to obtain the structural surface fluctuation form of the key points in each shearing process, and obtaining various geometric parameter characteristic information of the surface of the structural surface; (3) In the m shearing processes, a data set and a shearing strength data vector are constructed through analysis and screening; (4) Inputting the constructed data set into a deep neural network, taking the shearing strength data vector as an output result, and obtaining a required model through training of the deep neural network; (5) And (4) obtaining the optimal functional relation between the key parameter factors and the peaks and between the key parameter factors and the intensities according to the network training model in the step (4). The invention can accurately estimate the shear strength of the structural surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a statistical model of data mining and structural surface morphology parameters and shear strength, in particular to a construction method of a correlation model considering the structural surface morphology parameters and the shear strength based on the data mining, which is suitable for occasions for estimating the structural surface shear strength according to the structural surface morphology parameters.
Background
The structural surface roughness characterization method comprises a JRC method, a fractal geometry description method, a statistical parameter characterization method, a comprehensive parameter characterization method and the like. In quantifying structural surface roughness using fractal dimension, results are rich, turk and peaceThe results of the study are representative of the early days. For statistical parameters, the related characterization parameters are more, and mainly include mean slope root-mean-square Z 2 Structure function SF, etc. And structural surface roughness parameters JRCv and SRv characterized by the variation function, and the like. The determination of the surface roughness of the structural surface is directly influenced by the extraction precision of the surface coordinate data of the structural surface, and the uncertainty of the geometric morphology cannot be accurately expressed by counting the average value of the roughness coefficient of the structural surface by the traditional structural surface morphology statistical method, so that partial information of the surface morphology is lost. The destructive characteristic of the surface morphology of the structural surface in the shearing process determines the peak shear strength, while the current direct shear test can only obtain the final surface destructive morphology of the structural surface.
With the coming of the big data era, the data mining method is used in the research direction of geotechnical engineering, and the GSA-BP neural network model for the Wangcheng is used for predicting displacement according to the monitored surrounding rock deformation data in the actual engineering; and applying the trained BP neural network to actual engineering to analyze mechanical parameters of tunnel surrounding rocks in Zhou Jianchun and the like. The data mining is widely applied to nonlinear function approximation, time sequence analysis, data classification, mode recognition, information processing, image processing and the like in the process of searching information hidden in a large amount of engineering data through an algorithm, and provides a new idea for researching the shear strength of a rock structural surface.
The analysis shows that the influence and contribution degree of the structural surface morphology geometric parameters on the shearing strength can be analyzed only by acquiring the high-precision structural surface morphology and the three-dimensional morphology change rule in the shearing process from the basic composition of the structural surface morphology.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects that the average value of the roughness coefficient of the traditional structural surface morphology statistics structural surface cannot accurately express the uncertainty of the geometric morphology and part of information of the structural surface morphology is lost, the invention provides a method for establishing a correlation model of the structural surface geometric morphology characteristics and the structural surface peak shear strength by a data mining method, which can better describe the influence of the structural surface morphology on the peak shear strength, thereby accurately estimating the structural surface shear strength.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a construction method of a structural surface topography and shear strength correlation model comprises the following steps:
(1) Using a three-dimensional laser scanner to extract point cloud data of the initial form of the model structural surface, and selecting the structural surface to perform a structural surface shearing test until the structural surface is damaged and stops; in the shearing process, a high-speed camera is used for shooting a morphological picture of the whole shearing process of the structural plane;
(2) The point cloud data and the picture shot by the high-speed camera are processed by MATLAB software to obtain the structural surface fluctuation form of the key points in each shearing process, and various geometric parameter characteristic information of the structural surface is obtained, including: first derivative of plateau height, i.e. slope z 2 Roughness index R p A climbing angle I and an average inclination angle I A Maximum effective tilt angleMaximum possible contact area ratio A 0 A roughness parameter C, a structural function SF, a root mean square RMS of protrusion height, a mean value CLA of protrusion height, a mean square value MSV of the ratio of positive and negative protrusion height difference to the length of the middle line, an autocorrelation function and a spectral density function;
(3) Respectively recording the i-th peak shear strength tau in the m shearing processes i And structural surface geometric shape parameters in the shearing process and other parameters A related to influence shearing i I is less than or equal to m, and after m times of tests are finished, a data set A is constructed through analysis and screening = [ A = 1 ,A 2 ,...,A m ]And shear strength data vector τ = [ τ ] 1 ,τ 2 ,τ 3 ,...,τ m ];
(4) Inputting the constructed data set into a deep neural network, taking the shearing strength data vector as an output result, and obtaining a required model through training of the deep neural network;
(5) And obtaining the optimal functional relation between key parameter factors and peaks and between intensities according to the network training model for obtaining the geometric shape parameters and the peak shear strength.
Further, in the step (4), the process is as follows:
4.1 Defining a network architecture, initializing parameters of the neural network of m layers, initializing a weight W by adopting a random method, initializing a bias b to be 0, and matching dimensionality between each layer;
4.2 Executing a forward propagation module, executing a forward propagation linear part, executing a forward propagation activation part, and executing overall m-layer forward propagation, wherein m-1 forward propagation using relu as an activation function is required, and then the forward propagation using sigmoid as the activation function is followed;
4.3 Computing a loss function, computing an objective function using cross entropy;
4.4 Execute a back propagation module, the back propagation being used to calculate a gradient of the loss function with respect to the parameter, the back propagation calculation being similar to the forward propagation;
4.5 Updating parameters by applying a gradient descent method;
4.6 The imported data is trained by a deep neural network, and the required model is obtained after multiple times of training.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) The method can obtain the contribution degree of the geometric shape parameters of the rock structural surface to the peak value shearing strength value in the shearing process; 2) The method is helpful for revealing the mechanical mechanism of rock structural plane damage; 3) The method can obtain the optimal relation function of the geometric shape parameters of the structural surface and the peak shear strength.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an association model establishment process.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram corresponding to the key points.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a method for constructing a correlation model between surface topography parameters and shear strength of a structural surface comprises the following steps:
selecting model structural surface to carry out
(1) Extracting point cloud data of the initial form of the model structural surface by using a three-dimensional laser scanner, and selecting the structural surface to perform a structural surface shearing test until the structural surface is destroyed and stops; in the shearing process, a high-speed camera is used for shooting a morphological picture of the whole shearing process of the structural plane;
(2) The point cloud data and the pictures shot by the high-speed camera are processed by software such as MATLAB (matrix laboratory) and the like to obtain t in each shearing process 1 、t 2 、t 3 、t 4 The method is characterized in that the fluctuation form of the structural surface at any moment is used for obtaining various geometric parameter characteristic information in all directions of the surface of the structural surface, and the method comprises the following steps: first derivative of plateau height, i.e. slope z 2 Roughness index R p A climbing angle I and an average inclination angle I A Maximum effective tilt angleMaximum possible contact area ratio A 0 A roughness parameter C, a structure function SF, a root mean square RMS of protrusion height, a mean value CLA of protrusion height, a mean square value MSV of a ratio of positive and negative protrusion height difference to a median length, an autocorrelation function, a spectral density function, etc., wherein
Wherein M is the total amount of the whole hatching line, y i The height of the projection of the ith measuring point is delta, and the delta is a sampling interval;
in the formula, x i Is the abscissa, y, of the ith measuring point i The height of the projection of the ith measuring point is L, and the joint trace length is L. For an ideal smooth joint, R p =1;
In the formula, y i Is the ith oneThe height of the projection of the measuring point is L, and the joint trace length is L;
in the formula, A f Is the sum of the areas of the elements facing the shearing direction, A t The actual area of the rough structural surface;
in the formula, A 0 In order to maximize the possible contact area ratio,the roughness parameter C is a dimensionless roughness parameter which is the maximum effective inclination angle and is calculated by the fitting test value of the formula;
wherein M is the total amount of the whole hatching line, y i The height of the projection of the ith measuring point is shown, and dx is the sampling length;
wherein M is the total amount of the whole hatching line, y i The height of the projection of the ith measuring point is shown, and dx is the sampling length;
wherein M is the total amount of the whole hatching line, y i The height of the projection of the ith measuring point is shown, and dx is the sampling length;
wherein M is the total amount of the whole hatching line, y i The height of the protrusion at the ith measurement point is dx, which is the sampling length. Table 1 shows the initial geometric parameter values obtained from ten standard profile curves of Barton.
TABLE 1 (3) in the m shearing processes, the i-th peak shear strength τ is recorded i And structural surface geometric shape parameters in the cutting process and other parameters A related to the influence on the cutting i I is less than or equal to m, and after m times of tests are finished, a neural network test data set A = [ A ] is constructed through analysis and screening 1 ,A 2 ,...,A m ]With shear strength vector τ = [ τ ] 1 ,τ 2 ,τ 3 ...τ m ];
(4) Inputting the constructed data set into a deep neural network, taking the shearing strength data vector as an output result, and obtaining a required model through training of the deep neural network; the process is as follows:
4.1 Defining a network architecture, initializing parameters of the neural network of m layers, initializing weight W by adopting a random method, initializing bias b to be 0, and matching dimensionalities between every two layers;
4.2 Executing a forward propagation module, executing a forward propagation linear part, executing a forward propagation activation part, and executing overall m-layer forward propagation, wherein m-1 forward propagation using relu as an activation function is required, and then the forward propagation using sigmoid as the activation function is followed;
4.3 Computing a loss function, computing an objective function using cross entropy;
4.4 Execute a back propagation module, the back propagation being used to calculate a gradient of the loss function with respect to the parameter, the back propagation calculation being similar to the forward propagation;
4.5 Updating parameters by applying a gradient descent method;
4.6 The imported data is trained by a deep neural network, and the required model is obtained after multiple times of training.
(5) And obtaining a shearing model of the geometric morphology parameters and the peak shearing strength according to the obtained structural surface geometric morphology parameters and the data mining processing result, and obtaining the optimal functional relation between key parameter factors and peaks and between the key parameter factors and the peak shearing strength.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concepts, which are intended for purposes of illustration only. The scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the particular forms set forth in the examples, but rather as being defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof which can occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.
Claims (3)
1. A method for constructing a structural surface morphology and shear strength correlation model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Using a three-dimensional laser scanner to extract point cloud data of the initial form of the model structural surface, and selecting the structural surface to perform a structural surface shearing test until the structural surface is damaged and stops; in the shearing process, a high-speed camera is used for shooting a morphological picture of the whole shearing process of the structural plane;
(2) The point cloud data and the picture shot by the high-speed camera are processed by MATLAB software to obtain the structural surface fluctuation form of the key points in each shearing process, and various geometric parameter characteristic information of the structural surface is obtained, including: first derivative of plateau height, i.e. slope z 2 Roughness index R p A climbing angle I and an average inclination angle I A Maximum effective tilt angleMaximum possible contact area ratio A 0 A roughness parameter C, a structural function SF, a root mean square RMS of protrusion height, a mean value CLA of protrusion height, a mean square value MSV of the ratio of positive and negative protrusion height difference to the length of the middle line, an autocorrelation function and a spectral density function;
(3) Respectively recording the i-th peak shear resistance in the m shearing processesIntensity τ i And structural surface geometric shape parameters in the shearing process and other parameters A related to influence shearing i I is less than or equal to m, and after m times of tests are finished, a data set A is constructed through analysis and screening = [ A = 1 ,A 2 ,...,A m ]And shear strength data vector τ = [ τ ] 1 ,τ 2 ,τ 3 ,...,τ m ];
(4) Inputting the constructed data set into a deep neural network, taking the shearing strength data vector as an output result, and obtaining a required model through training of the deep neural network;
(5) And obtaining the optimal functional relation between key parameter factors and peaks and between intensities according to the network training model for obtaining the geometric shape parameters and the peak shear strength.
2. The method for constructing the correlation model between the surface morphology of the structural plane and the shear strength as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the process is as follows:
4.1 Defining a network architecture, initializing parameters of the neural network of m layers, initializing a weight W by adopting a random method, initializing a bias b to be 0, and matching dimensionality between each layer;
4.2 Executing a forward propagation module, executing a forward propagation linear part, executing a forward propagation activation part, and executing overall m-layer forward propagation, wherein m-1 forward propagation using relu as an activation function is required, and then the forward propagation using sigmoid as the activation function is followed;
4.3 Computing a loss function, computing an objective function using cross entropy;
4.4 Execute a back propagation module, the back propagation being used to calculate a gradient of the loss function with respect to the parameter, the back propagation calculation being similar to the forward propagation;
4.5 Updating parameters by applying a gradient descent method;
4.6 The imported data is trained by a deep neural network, and the required model is obtained after multiple times of training.
3. The method for constructing the structural surface topography-shear strength correlation model according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (2),
wherein M is the total amount of the whole hatching line, y i The height of the projection of the ith measuring point is delta, and the delta is a sampling interval;
in the formula, x i Is the abscissa, y, of the ith measuring point i Is the height of the projection at the ith test point, L is the joint length, and for an ideal smooth joint, R p =1;
In the formula, y i The height of the projection of the ith measuring point is L, and the length of the joint trace is L;
in the formula, A f Is the sum of the areas of the elements facing the shearing direction, A t The actual area of the rough structural surface;
in the formula, A 0 In order to maximize the possible contact area ratio,at the maximum effective angle of inclination, coarseThe roughness parameter C is a dimensionless roughness parameter and is calculated by fitting a test value according to the formula;
wherein M is the total amount of the whole hatching line, y i The height of the projection of the ith measuring point is shown, and dx is the sampling length;
wherein M is the total amount of the whole hatching line, y i The height of the projection of the ith measuring point is adopted, and dx is the sampling length;
wherein M is the total amount of the whole hatching line, y i The height of the projection of the ith measuring point is shown, and dx is the sampling length;
wherein M is the total amount of the whole hatching line, y i The height of the protrusion at the ith measurement point is dx, which is the sampling length.
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CN109269914A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-01-25 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of analysis method and pilot system of study of rocks joint plane failure by shear process |
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CN105466790A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-04-06 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Evaluation method of shear strength of rock structural surface with anisotropic characteristics |
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