CN110405040A - A kind of reversed spin-on process of unimach outer step thin-wall barrel - Google Patents
A kind of reversed spin-on process of unimach outer step thin-wall barrel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110405040A CN110405040A CN201910736908.1A CN201910736908A CN110405040A CN 110405040 A CN110405040 A CN 110405040A CN 201910736908 A CN201910736908 A CN 201910736908A CN 110405040 A CN110405040 A CN 110405040A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
- B21D22/16—Spinning over shaping mandrels or formers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of reversed spin-on process of unimach outer step thin-wall barrel, to spinning blank blanking, and carry out rough annealing processing, blank after heat treatment is machined, obtain the blank of pending reversed spinning, the reversed rotary press modelling of two passages is carried out to blank, spinning to design requirement size carries out stress relief annealing to the cylinder that spinning obtains.The present invention is used for unimach outer surface step cylinder mould pressing, it can ensure step cylinder size and the accuracy of form and position, promote the qualification rate and processing efficiency of burning chamber shell, the measure for proposing the reversed spinning accuracy of form and position control of thin-walled step cylinder simultaneously, provides Technical Reference for unimach step piece spinning.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to advanced manufacturing technology field, it is related to being mainly used for the unimach D6AC tubular of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Part rotary press modelling and technology.
Background technique
Solid Rocket Motor combustion chamber shell is usually made of front connector, cylinder, rear connectors, and cylinder requires quality
Gently, intensity is high, performance is excellent, can bear big load, generally uses ultrahigh-strength steel thin-wall spinning part.Unimach spinning adds
Work forming is the key process technology that cylinder is manufactured, with the needs that technology develops, the number of unimach step cylinder
Amount gradually increases, and step generally plays guiding and increases intensity and purpose.12, outer surface band are greater than for a kind of slenderness ratio
The low-alloy super-strength steel thin-wall barrel of step, thin-walled wall thickness 1.2mm~1.35mm, it is ensured that its step width, size and
The accuracy of form and position, it is more demanding to spinning process.
What patent CN 102416414A " control method of ultrahigh-strength steel thin-wall cylindrical shape precision " was introduced is that one kind exists
After cylinder quenching, by dedicated school clamp to the method for carrying out being tempered stable school shape again after cylinder cover body shaping.At this heat
Using the method for the dedicated school clamp control thin-walled accuracy of form and position after reason, special tooling is needed, technical process is relative complex.
Summary of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of outer surface band reversed spinning process of step thin-wall cylinder
Method is used for unimach outer surface step cylinder mould pressing, it can be ensured that step cylinder size and the accuracy of form and position are promoted
The qualification rate and processing efficiency of burning chamber shell, while proposing the measure of the reversed spinning accuracy of form and position control of thin-walled step cylinder,
Technical Reference is provided for unimach step piece spinning.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems the following steps are included:
1) to spinning blank blanking, and rough annealing processing is carried out, it is desirable that hardness HB170~235, metallographic structure are granular
Pearlite and ferrite；
2) blank after heat treatment is machined, obtains the blank of pending reversed spinning, blank rise at rotation with
Angle-style face is consistent before spinning roller；
3) the reversed rotary press modelling of two passages, spinning to design requirement size are carried out to blank；
4) stress relief annealing is carried out to the cylinder that spinning obtains.
Spinning blank is first warming up to 770 DEG C with furnace and keeps the temperature 1 hour, is furnace-cooled to 730 DEG C by the annealing of the step 1)
Heat preservation 2 hours, be furnace-cooled to 690 DEG C keep the temperature 15 hours, be then furnace-cooled to 400 DEG C or less come out of the stove it is air-cooled, rate of temperature fall control 10
℃/h±1℃/h。
The spinning blank uses slotless design steel pipe, and mechanical performance meets Rm >=1520MPa after heat treatment, and A >=
9%.
The blank outer diameter deviation ± 0.05mm of the step 2), internal diameter deviation ± 0.05mm, blank it is axial with
Radial wall thickness deviation is respectively less than ± 0.03mm.
The step 3) to blank carry out the reversed rotary press modelling of two passages, the first passage by wall thickness from 6.2mm spinning to
3.4mm, passage reduction 45.2%, second wall thickness spinning to design requirement size 1.20mm~1.35mm, passage reduction
64.7%, total reduction is 80.6%.
The core model material of the rotary press modelling selects CrWMn, using integral quenching method, hardness HRC58~62, worksheet
Surface roughness is higher than 0.8 μm, and core model circularity is not more than 0.02mm, and the whole long straightness of core model is not more than 0.02mm, and core model installation is jumped
Momentum is not more than 0.05mm.
In the rotary press modelling, examination rotation, the i.e. given value of spinning front step width are carried out to derotation step, try spinning
After the completion, according to actually detected data, step section compensation rate is determined, it is narrower than design requirement to measure step width, compensation rate
For positive value；It is wider than design requirement to measure step width, compensation rate is negative value, and later period spinning step width is preset value and compensation
The sum of amount；Wall thickness average value is calculated, inverse goes out according to examination spinning wall-thickness measurement range for two or more step spinning
Thin segment between step, at the same guarantee step center away from.
In the rotary press modelling, supination workpiece and core model gap are controlled within 0.10mm.
In the rotary press modelling, using three spinning-wheel numerical control powerful spinning machines, X1, X2 rotary wheel base assemble bipyramid spinning roller, X3
Rotary wheel base assembles stepped roller.For the spinning of unimach D6AC, 20 ° of rotary wheel working angle, 46 ° of receding angle, step are chosen
3 ° of spinning roller smoothing angle, bipyramid roller working radius takes rρ=8mm, stepped roller radius of corner take rρ=6mm；First passage main shaft
Revolving speed 150rpm, spinning roller feed speed 110mm/min, feed rate 0.73, X1 spinning roller drafts 4.5mm, X2 spinning roller drafts
3.5mm, X3 spinning roller drafts 2.5mm；Second passage speed of mainshaft 150rpm, spinning roller feed speed 70mm/min, feed rate are
0.47, X1 spinning roller drafts 1.6mm, X2 spinning roller drafts 0.95mm, X3 spinning roller drafts 0.35mm.
The step 4) keeps the temperature 4 hours at 400 DEG C to the cylinder of spinning, eliminates part spinning stress.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: starting with from spinning link, by the Proper Match of rotary pressure process parameter, thin-walled is solved
Step cylindrical workpiece machining accuracy problem；Using reversed spinning mandrel, by adjusting the drafts of three spinning rollers, the speed of mainshaft and rotation
Take turns feed speed matching relationship, limit workpiece diameter and spinning mandrel gap, reach control spinning cylinder dimensional accuracy with
And the purpose of straightness, circularity；Derotation core mold structure is simple simultaneously, and single-piece spinning working hour is few, and save the cost improves production efficiency.
Simple process of the invention, easy to operate, can be mass-produced ultrahigh-strength steel thin-wall step cylinder.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the reversed spinning schematic diagram of cylinder；
Fig. 2 is tube structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is cylinder process flow chart；
In figure, 1- tail top, 2- spinning mandrel, 3- step cylinder, 4- spinning roller, 5- spinning blank, f- spinning roller direction of feed, v-
Material flow direction.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, and the present invention includes but are not limited to following implementations
Example.
The present invention provides a kind of reversed spin-on process of unimach outer step thin-wall barrel, unimach step cylinders
Body spinning size is controlled with the accuracy of form and position and is realized by following approach:
A) requirement of spinning tool
Spinning mandrel material selects CrWMn, and using integral quenching method, hardness HRC58~62, working surface roughness is high
In 0.8 μm.The processing dimension of core model and installation accuracy directly affect the quality of product, need strict control core model jerk value,
Straightness and installation accuracy.Core model circularity is not more than 0.02mm, and the whole long straightness of core model is not more than 0.02mm, core model installation bounce
Amount is not more than 0.05mm；Using three spinning-wheel numerical control powerful spinning machines, X1, X2 rotary wheel base assemble bipyramid spinning roller, the assembly of X3 rotary wheel base
Stepped roller.For the spinning of unimach D6AC, 20 ° of rotary wheel working angle, 46 ° of receding angle, stepped roller smoothing angle are chosen
3 °, bipyramid roller working radius takes rρ=8mm, stepped roller radius of corner take rρ=6mm；
B) raw material of spinning blank
Spinning blank uses slotless design steel pipe, and the chemical component and mechanical property of steel pipe should meet requirement；Superelevation
Mechanical performance should meet Rm >=1520MPa, A >=9% after intensity steel heat treatment.
C) heat treatment of spinning blank
Spinning blank uses spheroidizing, it is desirable that hardness HB170~235, tissue are granular pearlite and ferrite.First will
Spinning blank is warming up to 770 DEG C with furnace and keeps the temperature 1 hour, is furnace-cooled to 730 DEG C and keeps the temperature 2 hours, is furnace-cooled to 690 DEG C and keeps the temperature 15 hours
Afterwards, be then furnace-cooled to 400 DEG C or less come out of the stove it is air-cooled, rate of temperature fall control in 10 DEG C/h ± 1 DEG C/h；
D) spinning blank is machined
Spinning blank rise be designed at rotation it is consistent with angle-style face before spinning roller, due to high, the blank to supination cylinder required precision
Machining tolerances have relatively high requirement.It is required that outer diameter deviation ± 0.05mm, internal diameter deviation ± 0.05mm, spinning
Process follows constancy of volume and law of minimum resistance, and the extension on one side of spinning process mesospore thickness is shorter, easily forms shape of a hoof end
Mouthful, influence the circularity and straightness of cylinder, it is desirable that blank is axial to be respectively less than ± 0.03mm with radial wall thickness deviation；
E) spinning process scheme
The reversed rotary press modelling of two passage of cylinder, the first gage variation during a pass is from 6.2mm spinning to 3.4mm, passage reduction
45.2%, second wall thickness spinning to design requirement size 1.20mm~1.35mm, passage reduction 64.7%, total reduction is
80.6%.Spinning cylinder size and the accuracy of form and position are controlled by adjusting spinning roller drafts, the speed of mainshaft and spinning roller feed speed,
The matching of rotary pressure process parameter and workpiece and the control of core model interstice coverage are the key that reversed rotary pressing processing thin-walled step cylinders
Link；
1) step manufacturing process: derotation step will have examination rotation stage, the i.e. given value of spinning front step width, try spinning
After the completion, step section compensation rate should be determined according to actually detected data, compensation rate is divided into positive and negative, measures step width
Narrower than design requirement, compensation rate is positive value；It is wider than design requirement to measure step width, compensation rate is negative value, later period spinning platform
Rank width is the sum of preset value and compensation rate；Two or more step spinning is calculated according to examination spinning wall-thickness measurement range
Wall thickness average value out, inverse go out thin segment between step, at the same guarantee step center away from.
2) thin-walled wall thickness control: for thin-walled step cylinder of the wall thickness between 1.20mm~1.35mm, according to reduction
Distribution determine corresponding spinning pass, the drafts of three spinning rollers is preset with reference to theoretical reduction, in spinning process
It adjusts according to the springback capacity of material.
3) accuracy of form and position control method: controlling the gap of workpiece and core model, and the quality of spinning part, supination work can be improved
Part and core model gap control within 0.10mm, the circularity of supination cylinder substantially all within 0.20mm, straightness substantially controls
In 0.20mm, supination workpiece size and the accuracy of form and position are higher.
4) rotary pressure process parameter determines: the first passage speed of mainshaft 150rpm, spinning roller feed speed 110mm/min, feeding
Rate is 0.73, X spinning roller drafts 4.5mm, X2 spinning roller drafts 3.5mm, X3 spinning roller drafts 2.5mm；Second passage main shaft turns
Fast 150rpm, spinning roller feed speed 70mm/min, feed rate 0.47, X spinning roller drafts 1.6mm, X2 spinning roller drafts
0.95mm, X3 spinning roller drafts 0.35mm.
F) cylinder stress relief annealing
Stress relief annealing is carried out to the cylinder of spinning, 400 DEG C keep the temperature 4 hours, eliminate part spinning stress.
By taking process above method and measure, be spun to be more than strength steel outer step thin shelled tubular structure size,
The accuracy of form and position significantly improves.
Embodiment of the invention for material be unimach, having a size of
Certain solid propellant rocket step cylinder, specific spinning process comprises the following steps:
Using numerical control strong spinning machine, three 120 ° of spinning rollers are uniformly distributed, and core model and spinning roller material select CrWMn, using integral quenching
Ignition method, hardness HRC58~62,0.8 μm of working surface roughness.X1, X2 rotary wheel base assemble bipyramid spinning roller, the assembly of X3 rotary wheel base
Stepped roller chooses 20 ° of rotary wheel working angle, 46 ° of receding angle, step wheel has one 3 ° or so for unimach D6AC
Smoothing angle, bipyramid roller working radius r ρ=8mm, stepped roller radius of corner r ρ=6mm.
Concrete technology flow process are as follows:
1) seamless steel pipe blanking guarantees that mechanical performance, every composition of material etc. meet index request；
2) rough annealing is handled, it is desirable that hardness HB170~235, metallographic structure are granular pearlite and ferrite；
3) blank is machined, and spinning blank and core model clearance requirement are in 0.10mm~0.20mm, the choosing of spinning blank wall thickness
For 6.2mm, turning is to be suitble to the blahk structure of reversed spinning, stays groove convenient for spinning roller lower whorl；
4) two passage rotary press modelling, the first passage is from 6.2mm spinning to 3.4mm, passage reduction 45.2%, second rotation
It is pressed onto design requirement size 1.3mm, passage reduction 64.7%, total reduction is 80.6%, controls spinning cylinder size and shape
Position precision is mainly completed by adjusting passage spinning roller drafts, the speed of mainshaft and spinning roller feed speed, spinning process ginseng
Several Proper Match and workpiece and the control of core model gap numberical range are the key that reversed rotary pressing processing thin-walled step cylinders.It adjusts
Whole rotary pressure process parameter, the first passage speed of mainshaft 150rpm, spinning roller feed speed 110mm/min, feed rate 0.73, X rotation
Take turns drafts 4.5mm, X2 spinning roller drafts 3.5mm, X3 spinning roller drafts 2.5mm；Second passage speed of mainshaft 150rpm, spinning roller
Feed speed 70mm/min, feed rate 0.47, the pressure of X spinning roller drafts 1.6mm, X2 spinning roller drafts 0.95mm, X3 spinning roller
0.35mm is measured, workpiece diameter mean value and spinning mandrel gap control within 0.10mm, and the roundness control of spinning cylinder exists
Within 0.20mm, straightness is controlled in 0.20mm；
5) stress relief annealing；
6) turning both ends: guarantee cylinder overall length.Test after spinning to cylinder size and the accuracy of form and position, internal diameter mean value with
Core model gap and spinning cylinder wall thickness, circularity, straightness meet setting value, and the later period is welded into burning chamber shell, size and shape
Position precision meets design requirement.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of reversed spin-on process of unimach outer step thin-wall barrel, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) to spinning blank blanking, and rough annealing processing is carried out, it is desirable that hardness HB170~235, metallographic structure are granular pearly-lustre
Body and ferrite；
2) blank after heat treatment is machined, obtains the blank of pending reversed spinning, blank rises at rotation and spinning roller
Preceding angle-style face is consistent；
3) the reversed rotary press modelling of two passages, spinning to design requirement size are carried out to blank；
4) stress relief annealing is carried out to the cylinder that spinning obtains.
2. the reversed spin-on process of unimach outer step thin-wall barrel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Spinning blank is first warming up to 770 DEG C with furnace and keeps the temperature 1 hour by the annealing of step 1), is furnace-cooled to 730 DEG C and is kept the temperature 2 hours, furnace
Be cooled to 690 DEG C keep the temperature 15 hours, be then furnace-cooled to 400 DEG C or less come out of the stove it is air-cooled, rate of temperature fall control in 10 DEG C/h ± 1 DEG C/h.
3. the reversed spin-on process of unimach outer step thin-wall barrel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Spinning blank use slotless design steel pipe, mechanical performance meets Rm >=1520MPa, A >=9% after heat treatment.
4. the reversed spin-on process of unimach outer step thin-wall barrel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Blank outer diameter deviation ± 0.05mm, the internal diameter deviation ± 0.05mm of step 2), blank axial direction and radial wall thickness are inclined
Difference is respectively less than ± 0.03mm.
5. the reversed spin-on process of unimach outer step thin-wall barrel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Step 3) to blank carry out the reversed rotary press modelling of two passages, by wall thickness from 6.2mm spinning to 3.4mm, passage subtracts the first passage
Thin rate 45.2%, second wall thickness spinning to design requirement size 1.20mm~1.35mm, passage reduction 64.7% are total to be thinned
Rate is 80.6%.
6. the reversed spin-on process of unimach outer step thin-wall barrel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
The core model material of rotary press modelling selects CrWMn, and using integral quenching method, hardness HRC58~62, working surface roughness is higher than
0.8 μm, core model circularity is not more than 0.02mm, and the whole long straightness of core model is not more than 0.02mm, and core model installation jerk value is not more than
0.05mm。
7. the reversed spin-on process of unimach outer step thin-wall barrel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Rotary press modelling in, examination rotation carried out to derotation step, i.e. the given value of spinning front step width, after the completion of trying spinning, foundation
Actually detected data determine step section compensation rate, measure that step width is narrower than design requirement, and compensation rate is positive value；Measurement
Step width is wider than design requirement out, and compensation rate is negative value, and later period spinning step width is the sum of preset value and compensation rate；For
Two or more step spinning calculates wall thickness average value, inverse goes out thin-walled between step according to examination spinning wall-thickness measurement range
Section, at the same guarantee step center away from.
8. the reversed spin-on process of unimach outer step thin-wall barrel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Rotary press modelling in, supination workpiece and core model gap control within 0.10mm.
9. the reversed spin-on process of unimach outer step thin-wall barrel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Rotary press modelling in, use three spinning-wheel numerical control powerful spinning machines, X1, X2 rotary wheel base assemble bipyramid spinning roller, X3 rotary wheel base assembly bench
Rank spinning roller.For the spinning of unimach D6AC, 20 ° of rotary wheel working angle, 46 ° of receding angle, 3 ° of stepped roller smoothing angle are chosen,
Bipyramid roller working radius takes rρ=8mm, stepped roller radius of corner take rρ=6mm；First passage speed of mainshaft 150rpm, rotation
Take turns feed speed 110mm/min, feed rate 0.73, X1 spinning roller drafts 4.5mm, X2 spinning roller drafts 3.5mm, X3 spinning roller pressure
Lower amount 2.5mm；Second passage speed of mainshaft 150rpm, spinning roller feed speed 70mm/min, feed rate 0.47, the pressure of X1 spinning roller
Measure 1.6mm, X2 spinning roller drafts 0.95mm, X3 spinning roller drafts 0.35mm.
10. the reversed spin-on process of unimach outer step thin-wall barrel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
The step 4) stated keeps the temperature 4 hours at 400 DEG C to the cylinder of spinning, eliminates part spinning stress.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN110961515A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-07 | 上海新力动力设备研究所 | Titanium alloy thin-wall cylinder forming method |
| CN112317589A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-05 | 西安航天动力机械有限公司 | Process method for controlling angle and straightness accuracy of spinning cone |
| CN112496136A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-03-16 | 晋西工业集团有限责任公司 | Forming method of thin-wall cylindrical part with large length-diameter ratio |
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| CN112317589A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-05 | 西安航天动力机械有限公司 | Process method for controlling angle and straightness accuracy of spinning cone |
| CN112317589B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2023-11-10 | 西安航天动力机械有限公司 | Technological method for controlling angle and straightness accuracy of spinning cone |
| CN113617915A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-09 | 西北工业大学 | Local loading integral forming method for special-shaped section rib cylindrical part |
| CN113399583A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-09-17 | 中材科技(成都)有限公司 | Strong reverse-rotation thinning system and method for aluminum alloy inner container of ultra-long pressure container |
| CN113894198A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-07 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Multi-pass flaring spinning forming process for high-temperature alloy cylindrical part |
| CN113894198B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-09-26 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Multi-pass flaring spin forming process for high-temperature alloy cylindrical part |
| CN114011940A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-08 | 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 | Engine shell spinning method for eliminating surface cutter-receiving marks |
| CN114769405A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-22 | 西安航天动力机械有限公司 | Integral spinning processing method for variable-section cylindrical workpiece with spherical seal head |
| CN114769405B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-07-21 | 西安航天动力机械有限公司 | Integral spinning processing method for variable-section cylindrical workpiece with spherical end socket |
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