CN110405033A - Fiber heat cure is compound enhances forming technology again for a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping- - Google Patents
Fiber heat cure is compound enhances forming technology again for a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping- Download PDFInfo
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- CN110405033A CN110405033A CN201910639316.8A CN201910639316A CN110405033A CN 110405033 A CN110405033 A CN 110405033A CN 201910639316 A CN201910639316 A CN 201910639316A CN 110405033 A CN110405033 A CN 110405033A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
- B29C71/02—Thermal after-treatment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Fiber heat cure is compound enhances technique again for a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping-, it is the combined forming process for combining aluminum alloy heat forming-quenching integrated technology with fibrous interlayer enhancing mechanism, is defined as: first, carry out the quenching integrated technology of hot forming-of aluminium alloy, plate outside aluminium alloy is heated to solid solubility temperature and keeps the temperature a period of time, then it is transferred quickly in stamping die, realizes Quick-forming and quenching;Then, the mixture for making fiber and thermosetting resin is also known as prepreg, which is placed in the centre of the double-layer metal plate part of heat forming technology acquisition, forms a kind of fibrous interlayer and the compound structure of plymetal;Finally, fibrous interlayer plymetal composite construction made from previous step is transferred to progress artificial aging processing in heat-treatment furnace, realize that metal/non-metal realizes the compound product of the multidimensional material properties strongly combined between surface molecular by intercalation compound, the compound technique that enhances again is with certain scientific research value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sheet metal lightweight forming technique fields, more particularly to a kind of high-strength aluminum alloy and lightweight
The Research of Forming Technology method of carbon fiber composite structure.
Background technique
The level of military strength determines right of speech of the country on social stage, therefore countries in the world are being sent out energetically
While exhibition various countries are economical, the breakthrough of military science and technology is also opera involving much singing and action.Wherein, the competition of aerospace field especially swashs
Strong, new science and technology restricts a country in the progress and development in the field, as the basis that advanced technology is realized, Gao Xing
The research and development of energy complex structure product become the critical issue primarily solved.Because premium quality product is related to the advance of material, work
The advance of advance and the structure design of skill is difficult to realize special substance, special construction, special using traditional forming technology
The forming of functional parts, consequent are the research and development and expansion to advanced forming technique.The product of aerospace field
Both it needs to meet the requirement of excellent service performance, while requiring light-weight, therefore aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy and titanium alloy etc. are light
Matter alloy material is applied to the field more and more.For these light-weight metals, the forming mode of present mainstream be heat at
Shape, forming technique utilization will be heat-treated to be combined with hot forming, guarantees that material has good plasticity stream in shaping stage
Dynamic property, is readily formed, can intensity be improved by ageing treatment.However, because the limit of metal material microstructure form
System, influences the difference of its forming limit, and the success of complicated shape product is difficult to realize using single forming mode or structure
It develops.In conjunction with the wide application prospect of the carbon fiber composite light material in present automotive light weight technology field, carbon fibre composite
Because including 1. high-strength lights.Density is almost the 1/3 of ordinary steel, and it is one that carbon fiber, which has excellent specific strength and specific modulus,
The extremely excellent structural material of kind;2. anti-fatigue performance is strong;3. carbon fibre material has excellent environment weatherability, acidproof resistance to
Alkali, salt spray resistance wet-heat resisting, long service life;4. damping performance is good, opposing metallic damped coefficient with higher;5. thermal expansion is washed
Coefficient is small, the excellent service performance such as the precision height of article shape size, stability height.It is therefore proposed that by lightweights such as aluminium alloys
Metal material and carbon fiber carry out structure composite and Material cladding, light-weighted making full use of the advantage of the two light weight to realize
Meanwhile also actively research and development two kinds of materials combined forming process, make forming after product no matter from forming quality, forming limit with
And mechanical property etc. plays the effect enhanced again.How two kinds of light materials with high-quality mechanical property to be integrated to
It is an innovative shaping process together, the lightweight aerospace space flight components for developing higher intensity have great meaning
Justice, while according to the continuous development in automotive light weight technology field, the automobile zero of the combined forming process of two kinds of materials to higher intensity
The design and development of component also has certain directive significance.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping-fiber heat cures
It is compound to enhance forming technology again, by aluminum alloy heat forming-quenching integrated novel technique and fibrous composite heat cure skill
Art combines, and achievees the effect that light alloy part strength improves again.
In order to achieve the above object, fiber heat cure is compound increases again for a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping-provided by the invention
Strong forming technology includes the following steps: in order
1) firstly, heating furnace is warming up to alloy plate material solid solubility temperature T1, plate is then passed through into manipulator or robot
It is transferred in heating furnace and is heated, after then plate reaches solid solubility temperature, heat preservation a period of time guarantees to obtain supersaturated solid
Solution.Solid solubility temperature is too low, then alloying element cannot be completely dissolved into aluminium base, causes solid solution degree of supersaturation low, influences final
The intensity and hardness of product;Solid solubility temperature is too high, can cause coarse grains, or even serious burning occurs, therefore suitable solid solution
Temperature is the technological factor of most critical in entire process flow.
2) by plate from heating furnace take out be placed into mold carry out it is stamping, in material transfer process because
Plate and air carry out heat radiation to dissipated heat, so that shaping the temperature T of plate when starting2Lower than solid solubility temperature T1.Plate
Transfer time cannot be too long, to prevent the initial formation temperature T of plate in a mold2Far below solid solubility temperature, plate plasticity is caused
Difference influences plate in the mobility of heat forming processes, while preventing interior tissue from secondary phase occurs and being precipitated, and influences aging effects.
3) after plate keeps the temperature a period of time in heating furnace, hot forming mould is transferred them to by robot or manipulator
In tool, upper mold fast downlink, make plate recline lower die occur plastic deformation and shape, pressure maintaining for a period of time, subtracts after forming
Part rebound caused by few thermal stress acts on.Cooling water pipeline is arranged in mold, after forming, being passed through recirculated cooling water can be with
Realize rapid quenching in mould.In hot forming-quenching process, quenching cooling velocity is key process parameter, the hole of cooling pipe
Diameter, arrangement and water flow etc. directly determine the quenching rate of part in a mold.It is quickly cooled down and guarantees that acquisition is unstable
Supersaturated solid solution, will pass through the components that subsequent ageing treatment obtains higher intensity;Cooling velocity is slow, generates secondary phase
Tissue is precipitated, and influences degree of supersaturation, and then influence aging strength.According to the design requirement of the technique, the fibrous interlayer composite wood
Material have upper and lower double layer of metal board group at, therefore heat forming processes need two molds to shape upper and lower two layers of sheet metal component, at the same into
Row can greatly save the working time.
4) it prepares fibrous interlayer material and progress fibrous material is bonding with plymetal.Can be according to Fiber Materials
Carbon fiber, glass fibre or numb material etc., the fiber of unlike material, so that the mechanical property of composite plate material is also different;It presses
According to fiber ply sequence, and single direction laying, orthogonal laying and any direction laying can be divided into etc., the paving of fiber
Layer mode seriously affects the mechanical property of fibreglass-reinforced metal laminate in all directions.Using thermosetting resin as carbon fiber
Braiding structure carries out be bonded medium with the upper and lower components of the aluminium alloy that hot forming obtains, and passes through metal/non-metal surface molecular
Between binding force, realize fibrous interlayer plymetal preparation.
5) fibrous interlayer plymetal made from step 4) is transferred in heat-treatment furnace and carries out artificial aging, setting is certain
Timeliness heating temperature T3And keep the temperature a period of time.Artificial aging process, aluminum alloy organization's hardening constituent disperse educt increase dislocation
The resistance of movement, so that the enhanced strength of material.Meanwhile in aging range, fibrous composite is because of adhering resin
Thermosetting characteristics connection, Nian Jie occurs for (composite material with metallic matrix) so that two kinds of materials, form high strength, densification
Lightweight composite high-strength material.
The compound forming technology that enhances again of a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping-fiber heat cure provided by the invention is by lightweight
The combined forming process that aluminum alloy heat forming-quenching integrated technology is combined with fibrous interlayer enhancing mechanism, it is therefore intended that mention
The lightweight structural material of higher intensity can be obtained for one kind.Is defined as: firstly, the hot forming-for carrying out aluminium alloy is quenching integrated
Upper and lower layer raw material of aluminum alloy is heated to solid solubility temperature and keeps the temperature a period of time, be then transferred quickly to drop stamping by change technology
In mold, Quick-forming and quenching are realized.Plate solid solubility temperature, sheet-metal press working initial temperature, punching press speed in the technical process
Coefficient of friction etc. between degree, quenching velocity and mold and plate is key process parameter, directly determines material in forming process
The strength degree of material after the mobility of material, resistance of deformation and forming;Then, suitable fibrous interlayer material is selected, by excellent
Change weaving, such as the fiber lay down number of plies, single layer fibre laying direction, determines the diversity of fibrous interlayer three-D space structure.
Using thermosetting resin etc. as the bonding agent between metal blank and non-metallic fibers, the mixture of fiber and thermosetting resin
Prepreg is placed in the centre of the double-level-metal part of previous step acquisition, forms a kind of fibrous interlayer and gold by referred to as prepreg
Belong to laminate composite structure;Finally, fibrous interlayer plymetal composite construction made from the second step process is transferred to artificial aging
Ageing treatment is carried out in furnace, the abundant diffusion-precipitation hardening constituent of the plate after making full use of ageing treatment that can make hot forming carries out
The further enhanced strength purpose of plate, can also realize the strong adherence of the prepreg and plymetal under certain temperature, lead to
It crosses and optimal aging temp and aging time is set, reach optimal forming effect.
By last artificial aging, realize the metal/non-metal pass through intercalation compound realize it is strong between surface molecular
The effect that power combines, makes full use of the excellent mechanical characteristic of two kinds of light materials, while proof strength improves, can also mention
The ductility of high sandwich and some physical properties are the manufacturing fields futures such as aerospace, automobile to more high-strength
Degree, the urgent need offer process optimization of higher performance structural member and the technological guidance in terms of material supply, have certain society
It can meaning and scientific research value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the compound forming technology principle that enhances again of high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping-fiber heat cure provided by the invention is shown
It is intended to.
Fig. 2 is that high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping-fiber heat cure provided by the invention is compound enhances forming technology heat treatment again
Technological specification figure.
Fig. 3 is that high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping-fiber heat cure provided by the invention is compound enhances forming technology fiber clamp again
Layer plymetal composite construction schematic diagram.
In figure: 1- alloy plate material, 2- heating furnace, the upper plate hot stamping die of 3-, plate hot stamping die under 4-, on 5-
Plate, 6- fibrous interlayer structure, plate under 7-, 8- fibrous interlayer plymetal, 9- heat-treatment furnace.
Specific embodiment
In the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments to a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping-fiber heat cure provided by the invention
The compound shaping process that enhances again is described in detail.
As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 3, fiber heat cure is compound enhances again for a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping-provided by the invention
Forming technology includes the following steps carried out in sequence:
1) alloy plate material 1 is placed in heating furnace 2, the burner hearth of heating furnace 2 realizes heating, heating according to the heating curve of setting
Finishing temperature is the solid solubility temperature T of aluminium alloy1, heat preservation for a period of time, guarantees that solid solution has after plate temperature reaches fire box temperature
Enough degree of supersaturations.
2) by 1 fast transfer of metal blank into hot stamping die 3 and 4, which needs complete within a very short time
At, it is therefore an objective to it reduces plate and causes thermal loss with air progress heat radiation in transfer process, temperature reduces, to guarantee heat
Metal has good plastic fluidity before punching press, is readily formed, and reduces forming defects.
3) the upper mold fast downlink in hot stamping die 3 and 4, metal blank are plastically deformed, and the lower die that finally reclines is real
Existing Quick-forming.Cooling pipe is passed through recirculated cooling water in mold 3 and 4, realizes the rapid quenching of part after forming, guarantees artificial
Material structure has enough solid solution degree of supersaturations when aging strengthening model.After forming, pressure maintaining for a period of time, prevents thermal stress
Effect causes plate that obvious resilience occurs, and influences product size precision.
4) different fibrous interlayer materials is used, three-dimensional space optimization property braiding is carried out, forms the fibre of different braiding structures
Tie up sandwich.Thermosetting resin is infiltrated to woven fibrous interlayer, fibre reinforced composites 6 is obtained and is called prepreg,
Then prepreg is placed in upper and lower hot forming plate 5 and 7, fibrous interlayer plymetal composite material 8 is made.
5) fibrous interlayer plymetal sandwich 8 is transferred in heat-treatment furnace 9, is realized by aid device fine
Tie up fixation and the artesian condition of interlayer metal Composite Laminates 8.Suitable aging temp T is set4And aging time, it is sufficiently sharp
Thermosetting property and ageing of metal invigoration effect with resin material, guarantee the same of the second-phase dispersion precipitation strength of metal material
When, the strong adherence of non-metallic fibers structure and metal blank combines two kinds of materials with excellent properties, obtains strong
Spend higher lightweight complex structural member.
Claims (5)
1. fiber heat cure is compound enhances forming technology again for a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping-, it is characterised in that: the lightweight
Aluminum alloy heat forming-quenching integrated technology includes in order with the combined shaping new process that fibrous interlayer enhancing mechanism combines
Alloy plate material 1: 1) being placed in heating furnace 2 by the following steps of progress, and the burner hearth of heating furnace 2 is real according to the heating curve of setting
It now heats, heating finishing temperature is the solid solubility temperature T of aluminium alloy1, heat preservation for a period of time, is protected after plate temperature reaches fire box temperature
Card solid solution has enough degree of supersaturations;2) by 1 fast transfer of metal blank into hot stamping die 3 and 4, which is needed
It to complete within a very short time, it is therefore an objective to it reduces plate and causes thermal loss with air progress heat radiation in transfer process, temperature
Degree reduces, to guarantee that metal has good plastic fluidity before drop stamping, is readily formed, reduces forming defects;3) drop stamping
Upper mold fast downlink in mold 3 and 4, metal blank are plastically deformed, and the lower die that finally reclines realizes Quick-forming;Mold 3
With 4 in cooling pipe be passed through recirculated cooling water, realize the rapid quenching of part after forming, guarantee material when artificial aging heat treatment
Group is woven with enough solid solution degree of supersaturations;After forming, pressure maintaining for a period of time, prevents thermal stress effect from leading to plate
Obvious resilience, influences product size precision;4) different fibrous interlayer materials is used, three-dimensional space optimization property is carried out and compiles
It knits, forms the fibrous interlayer structure of different braiding structures;Thermosetting resin is infiltrated to woven fibrous interlayer, fiber is obtained and increases
Strong composite material 6 is called prepreg, and then prepreg is placed in upper and lower hot forming plate 5 and 7, and fibrous interlayer gold is made
Belong to Composite Laminates 8;5) fibrous interlayer plymetal sandwich 8 is transferred in heat-treatment furnace 9, is filled by aid
Set the fixation for realizing fibrous interlayer plymetal composite material 8 and artesian condition;Suitable aging temp T is set4When with timeliness
Between, thermosetting property and the ageing of metal invigoration effect of resin material are made full use of, guarantees that the second-phase dispersion of metal material is precipitated
While reinforcing, the strong adherence of non-metallic fibers structure and metal blank combines two kinds of materials with excellent properties
Come, obtains the higher lightweight complex structural member of intensity.
2. fiber heat cure is compound enhances forming technology again for a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping-according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: aluminum alloy plate materials and fibre reinforced materials will using combined forming process as two kinds of good lightweighting materials
Respectively excellent mechanical property combines, and forms the higher composite construction of comprehensive performance, can replace traditional structure and function
Material achievees the effect that effective loss of weight while proof strength is promoted.
3. fiber heat cure is compound enhances forming technology again for a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping-according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the building of prepreg and sheet metal composite construction be in integrated artistic process hot forming and aging strengthening model it
Between, technical process arranges rationally, by subsequent ageing treatment, can achieve the effect of the respective advantage of excitation dual process.
4. fiber heat cure is compound enhances forming technology again for a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping-according to claim 1,
It is characterized by the thickness of metal blank and the three-dimensional braided structure of fibrous interlayer in optimization heat forming technology, may be implemented
The structure diversity of composite material, by, to the mechanics property analysis of sandwich, being wanted after ageing treatment for different uses
The structure function material asked provides alternative.
5. fiber heat cure is compound enhances forming technology again for a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping-according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: key process parameter such as plate solid solubility temperature, sheet-metal press working initial temperature, punching press speed in composite forming processes
Coefficient of friction etc. between degree, quenching velocity and mold and plate, benefit experimentally may be implemented effectively to control, and pass through tune
Reasonably optimizing configuration between the whole technological parameter, realizes the diversification and operability of technical process, to the material of different purposes
The technology establishment of material has certain directive significance.
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CN110871578A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-03-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Integrated process for preparing and forming fiber metal laminate based on liquid filling forming |
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CN111186146A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-22 | 上海交通大学 | CFRP/high-strength steel baking hardening hot stamping co-curing integrated forming method |
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CN110899442B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-11-16 | 常州特昊机械制造有限公司 | Hot stamping equipment for workpiece machining and using method thereof |
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CN111231366B (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-06-01 | 上海交通大学 | CFRP/aluminum alloy hot forming quenching aging co-curing integrated forming method |
CN111186146A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-22 | 上海交通大学 | CFRP/high-strength steel baking hardening hot stamping co-curing integrated forming method |
CN111229874A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-06-05 | 南昌航空大学 | Cold and hot rapid cyclic aging forming method and device for plate |
CN111229874B (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-09-14 | 南昌航空大学 | Cold and hot rapid cyclic aging forming method and device for plate |
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CN114192694B (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2023-10-20 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | Forming process method of large hyperboloid profile part |
CN114603029A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-06-10 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | High-performance hybrid laminate heat-solid integrated forming process |
CN114603029B (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2023-01-13 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | High-performance hybrid laminate heat-solid integrated forming process |
CN114918306A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-08-19 | 上海交通大学 | Injection-press forming method and apparatus for metal resin laminated structure |
CN115179577A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-10-14 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | Forming process of local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy special-shaped section |
CN115945571A (en) * | 2023-01-18 | 2023-04-11 | 上海新顿长菁科技有限公司 | Hot forming process of 6XXX series aluminum alloy, parts made by hot forming process and application of hot forming process |
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