CN110401142B - Laying method of ultra-long cable - Google Patents
Laying method of ultra-long cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN110401142B CN110401142B CN201910526548.2A CN201910526548A CN110401142B CN 110401142 B CN110401142 B CN 110401142B CN 201910526548 A CN201910526548 A CN 201910526548A CN 110401142 B CN110401142 B CN 110401142B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
- H01B13/10—Insulating conductors or cables by longitudinal lapping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
- H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
- H01B13/24—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by extrusion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
- H01B13/26—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping
- H01B13/2613—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping by longitudinal lapping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
- H02G1/06—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for laying cables, e.g. laying apparatus on vehicle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
- H02G1/06—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for laying cables, e.g. laying apparatus on vehicle
- H02G1/08—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for laying cables, e.g. laying apparatus on vehicle through tubing or conduit, e.g. rod or draw wire for pushing or pulling
- H02G1/086—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for laying cables, e.g. laying apparatus on vehicle through tubing or conduit, e.g. rod or draw wire for pushing or pulling using fluid as pulling means, e.g. liquid, pressurised gas or suction means
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Processes Specially Adapted For Manufacturing Cables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a laying method of an ultra-long cable, which is characterized in that a plurality of cable channels of cable protection pipe types are arranged on a laying path according to a planned path, a plurality of hydraulic driving devices are uniformly distributed on the cable channels, and a cable production workshop is assembled at a cable laying starting end to prepare for production; before production, the structural design of the cable section is required to control the density of the cable; preparing a heavy metal suspension by adopting a known production process, so that the density of the heavy metal suspension is equal to that of the ultra-long cable; when the ultra-long cable is laid, the cable moves forwards along a cable channel by controlling the opening and closing of a variable-diameter sealing device I and a variable-diameter sealing device II in a hydraulic driving device and injecting or extracting heavy metal suspension; the front traction power is not needed in the whole laying process; the whole cable line is not provided with an intermediate joint, and the whole power cable line can be laid only by one super-long cable, so that the stability of the subsequent use of the power cable line is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cable laying method, in particular to a laying method of an ultra-long cable.
Background
The crosslinked polyethylene insulated cable is a power cable using crosslinked polyethylene as an insulating material, and has incomparable advantages compared with cables such as oil-paper composite insulation and the like; the novel heat-resistant composite material has the advantages of simple structure, light weight, good heat resistance, strong load capacity, no melting, chemical corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength;
in the current production process, an insulating layer extruder head is a key device of a three-layer co-extrusion technology, and because an insulating material needs to be melted at high temperature, the insulating material can generate trace carbonization at a nozzle and deposit at the nozzle to form residual particles or scabs; residual particles or scabs can change the shape of the nozzle and directly scratch the main insulating layer (or the inner and outer shielding layers) of the power cable; or mixed into the main insulating layer (or the inner and outer shielding layers) of the power cable after falling off to form a fault hidden trouble point; therefore, in the production process, after working for a period of time, the extruder head and the nozzle are stopped to be cleaned, and residual particles or scabs formed at the nozzle due to carbonization deposition are removed;
because the high-voltage power cable is limited by production technology, transportation conditions (namely, the height and width of a transportation vehicle and the diameter of a cable reel), the supply length of the cable is limited, generally 300 plus 500 m/reel), the supply length is limited to a certain extent, and the unfolding and laying capacity is limited (when in traction laying, along with the increase of traction distance, the friction between the cable and a cable channel is rapidly increased, and the friction between a traction cable and the cable channel is also rapidly increased); therefore, in the current power cable line engineering construction, a plurality of sections of cables and a large number of intermediate joints are required, and the long power cable line construction is completed through splicing of the intermediate joints;
because the construction of power cable line engineering is generally outdoor environment construction, the power cable is spliced by using the intermediate joint, and manual manufacturing is adopted, the splicing quality of the intermediate joint can be influenced by the factors of personnel skill level, weather conditions, accessory quality and the like, and generally, the insulation level of the intermediate joint is greatly lower than that of a power cable body; therefore, the intermediate joint is a high-rise position of the power cable line fault; according to incomplete statistics, the percentage of intermediate joint failures is about 30%.
Therefore, if the problems of production, transportation, unfolding and laying of the ultra-long cable and the like can be overcome, and the ultra-long cable is used for building the power cable line, the faults of the intermediate joint can be effectively reduced or even completely avoided, and the stability of the operation safety of the long cable line is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for laying an ultra-long cable, which can lay and complete the whole power cable line by only one ultra-long cable without using an intermediate joint in the power cable line engineering, thereby ensuring the stability of the subsequent use of the power cable line.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a laying method of an ultra-long cable comprises the following specific steps:
A. planning a laying path of a cable in advance, arranging a plurality of cable channels of the type of cable protection pipes on the laying path according to needs, uniformly distributing a plurality of hydraulic driving devices on the cable channels, and alternately connecting the cable channels and the hydraulic driving devices end to enable a laying starting point to be communicated with a laying end point;
the hydraulic driving device comprises a shell, a position detection device I, a reducing sealing device I, a position detection device II, a reducing sealing device II and a position detection device III; the reducing sealing device I and the reducing sealing device II are sequentially arranged in the shell, the shell is divided into a space I, a space II and a space III from near to far away from a laying starting point, and the reducing sealing device I is closer to the laying starting point relative to the reducing sealing device II; the position detection device I, the position detection device II and the position detection device III are respectively arranged in the space I, the space II and the space III and are used for detecting the position of the circular piston, respectively controlling the opening and closing of the variable-diameter sealing device I and the variable-diameter sealing device II according to position information and controlling the injection of the liquid injection port and the extraction of heavy metal suspension liquid through the liquid extraction port; the lower part of the shell is provided with a liquid injection port and a liquid extraction port respectively at positions close to the two ends, and the liquid extraction port is positioned at one end of the shell close to the laying starting point; the cable inlet and the cable outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell and are positioned at one end of the shell close to the laying starting point, and the cable inlet and the cable outlet are respectively connected with the cable channels at two sides to form a closed whole;
B. assembling a cable production workshop at a planned cable laying starting end, and then preparing to start to produce an ultra-long cable, wherein the specific production process comprises the following steps:
production of cable core materials: in a supplier production base, a monofilament paint-coating film-forming insulation treatment process is adopted to produce copper enameled wires or aluminum enameled wires forming cable cores;
production of cable cores: in an engineering site, designing a section structure of a cable core according to required technical requirements, and controlling the density of the ultra-long cable; copper enameled wires or aluminum enameled wires which are subjected to single wire paint coating and film forming insulation process treatment are used, and the improved existing process is applied to continuously produce cable cores with tubular structures on sections by stranding around liner tubes;
production of main insulating materials and internal and external shielding structure materials of the cable: in a supplier production base, the improved existing process is adopted to soak the synthetic fiber insulating paper in liquid polyethylene, the soaking pressure is improved, or a chemical agent is used to promote the polyethylene to soak the synthetic fiber insulating paper, air gaps in the synthetic fiber insulating paper are filled, and then the synthetic fiber insulating paper composite polyethylene insulating material is formed through extrusion, cooling and solidification; or necessary auxiliary materials are added to produce the internal and external shielding structure materials;
the main insulating material is a synthetic fiber insulating paper composite polyethylene insulating material, or an internal and external shielding structure material produced by adding necessary auxiliary materials; the preparation process of the material comprises the following steps: in a vacuum constant-temperature drying environment, after finishing the production preparation of unfolding, soaking, extruding, curing, vulcanizing and rewinding the synthetic fiber insulating paper, injecting liquid polyethylene to ensure that the synthetic fiber insulating paper reel and the production links of unfolding, soaking and preliminary extruding are completely soaked in the liquid polyethylene; and then keeping the temperature unchanged, releasing the pressure, starting the production flow, performing multistage extrusion and solidification on the synthetic fiber insulating paper subjected to infiltration and preliminary extrusion, accelerating polyethylene crosslinking through a vulcanization process, and winding into an insulating material compounded by the synthetic fiber insulating paper and the polyethylene, or adding necessary auxiliary materials to form an internal and external shielding structure material.
Production of single-phase cables: in an engineering site, according to a cable main insulation and inner and outer shielding structure designed and arranged on a cable section and other necessary cable structures in the prior art, a synthetic fiber insulating paper composite polyethylene insulating material is used, the improved prior art is applied, and the outer surface of a cable core is subjected to a layered wrapping process and a re-crosslinking heat sealing process to form the cable main insulation and inner and outer shielding structure and each cable structure layer in the prior art, so that the ultra-long continuous production of a single-phase cable is completed;
three-phase system cable production: in an engineering field, the production of the three-phase system cables is completed by applying the existing process;
the three production procedures of the production of the cable core, the production of the single-phase cable and the production of the three-phase system cable are different production procedures in one production process which is synchronously finished;
when the ultra-long cable is produced, a circular piston is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the ultra-long cable at the same interval;
the outer diameter of the circular piston is tightly matched with the inner diameter of the cable channel to form sliding seal; when the reducing sealing device I and the reducing sealing device II are in a closed state, the minimum opening is in tight fit with the outer diameter of the ultra-long cable to form sliding seal; the reducing sealing device II and a round piston at the front end form a positive pressure working cylinder, and the heavy metal suspension is injected to push the cable to move; the reducing sealing device I and a round piston at the back form a negative pressure working cylinder, and the heavy metal suspension is extracted to pull the cable to move;
C. preparing heavy metal suspension by adopting a known production process, so that the density of the obtained heavy metal suspension is equal to that of the ultra-long cable;
D. when the ultra-long cable is laid, a variable-diameter sealing device I and a variable-diameter sealing device II in a hydraulic driving device closest to a laying starting point are opened, and the head end of the ultra-long cable is fed into a shell through a cable inlet until the head end of the ultra-long cable reaches an outlet of the cable on the opposite side; then closing the variable-diameter sealing device I and the variable-diameter sealing device II, and injecting heavy metal suspension into the hydraulic driving device to fill the space III with the heavy metal suspension;
after a first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable enters a first section of cable channel, a positive-pressure working cylinder is formed by the variable-diameter sealing device II and the round piston at the front end, heavy metal suspension is injected into the infusion pump from a liquid injection port of the first-stage hydraulic driving device, and the first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable is pushed by the heavy metal suspension to pull the ultra-long cable to move forwards in the cable channel until the cable inlet of the second-stage hydraulic driving device;
with the movement of the first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable, the cable channel is filled with heavy metal suspension, and the ultra-long cable is suspended in the cable channel under the buoyancy action of the heavy metal suspension;
after a first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable enters a cable inlet of a second-stage hydraulic driving device, a position detection device I finds that the first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable enters a space I in the second-stage hydraulic driving device, and a control system controls a reducing sealing device I to be opened; the first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable passes through the reducing sealing device I, the position detection device II finds that the first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable passes through the reducing sealing device I and enters the space II, and the control system controls the reducing sealing device I to be closed and controls the reducing sealing device II to be opened; the position detection device III finds that a first circular piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable enters the space III through the variable-diameter sealing device II, and the control system controls the variable-diameter sealing device II to be closed;
at the moment, the reducing sealing device I and the round piston at the back form a negative pressure working cylinder, and the reducing sealing device II and the round piston at the front end form a positive pressure working cylinder; starting the infusion pump, extracting heavy metal suspension from a liquid extraction port of the second-stage hydraulic driving device, injecting the heavy metal suspension through a liquid injection port, positively pressurizing the heavy metal suspension in the working cylinder, pushing a first circular piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable, simultaneously, negatively pressurizing the heavy metal suspension in the working cylinder, pulling circular pistons at the upper back of the cable, and jointly drawing the ultra-long cable to move forwards in a cable channel until reaching a cable inlet of the third-stage hydraulic driving device;
then, the hydraulic driving devices at all levels repeat the process and sequentially control the process until the terminal of the cable line, and the whole laying process of the super-long cable line is completed;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the insulating material compounded by the synthetic fiber insulating paper and the polyethylene with the cable insulating structure adopts the improved prior art, namely a layered wrapping process and a re-crosslinking heat seal process, to form a main insulating structure and an inner and outer shielding structure of the cable, thereby overcoming the problems of carbonization and deposition of the insulating material at a nozzle and formation of residual particles or scabs in the crosslinked polyethylene three-layer co-extrusion technology, and further forming the production capacity of uninterrupted continuous production and single ultra-long cable; meanwhile, the defects that the oil-impregnated paper insulated cable is large in oil consumption and is not suitable for high-fall laying and the like are overcome; the hidden trouble caused by complex joint process, multiple quality influence factors, difficult control and the like is thoroughly eliminated;
2. the production workshop is assembled at the starting end of the cable construction site, and cables produced in the production workshop can be directly laid without being transported, so that the limitation of transport conditions on the supply length of the cables is avoided;
3. the cable core adopts a tubular structure, so that the mass density of the cable in unit volume can be reduced; meanwhile, the current skin effect can be better solved, the through-flow area of the conductor is fully utilized, and the current-carrying capacity of the unit section of the cable is further improved;
the heavy metal suspension can improve the mass density of the fluid in unit volume; when the cable is laid, the cable is suspended in the heavy metal suspension under the action of buoyancy, so that the self gravity of the cable is overcome, and the cable is finally ensured to be in a microgravity environment when laid in a pipeline;
4. the heavy metal suspension is used as a traction power medium (mass) for laying the cable, so that the problem of traction power is thoroughly solved, the limitation of traction distance is eliminated, and the power loss generated by friction between a traction cable and a cable channel is eliminated;
5. the mass density of the heavy metal suspension is equal to the calculated unit volume mass density of the cable, so that the generated buoyancy overcomes the gravity of the cable, the cable is suspended in the heavy metal suspension, and a microgravity laying environment is formed; meanwhile, the round metal particles in the suspension concentrate under the cable and at the bottom of the cable channel under the action of gravity and surround the cable, so that the cable cannot directly contact the cable channel, and the friction between the cable and the cable channel is changed from sliding friction to rolling friction, thereby greatly reducing the friction force generated when the cable contacts the cable channel due to gravity and lateral pressure; the ultra-long cable gets rid of the constraints of end traction and relay mechanical conveying technology through the technology, overcomes the pain points of gravity and friction, and realizes microgravity, micro resistance and uninterrupted continuous laying of the ultra-long cable;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the laying start of a hydraulic cable driving device in the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the laying process of the cable hydraulic driving device in the invention.
In the figure: 1. overlength cable, 2, circular piston, 3, hydraulic drive device, 4, position detection device I, 5, position detection device II, 6, position detection device III, 7, notes liquid mouth, 8, draw liquid mouth, 9, reducing sealing device I, 10, reducing sealing device II, 11, cable channel.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained below.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the method comprises the following specific steps:
A. planning a laying path of a cable in advance, arranging a plurality of cable channels 11 of the type of cable protection pipes on the laying path according to needs, uniformly distributing a plurality of hydraulic driving devices 3 on the cable channels 11, and connecting the cable channels 11 and the hydraulic driving devices 3 alternately end to end so as to communicate a laying starting point with a laying end point;
the hydraulic driving device 3 comprises a shell, a position detection device I4, a reducing sealing device I9, a position detection device II 5, a reducing sealing device II 10 and a position detection device III 6; the reducing sealing device I9 and the reducing sealing device II 10 are sequentially arranged in the shell, the shell is divided into a space I, a space II and a space III from a place to a place from near to far, and the reducing sealing device I9 is closer to the place to be laid relative to the reducing sealing device II 10; the position detection device I4, the position detection device II 5 and the position detection device III 6 are respectively arranged in the space I, the space II and the space III and are used for detecting the position of the circular piston 2, respectively controlling the opening and closing of the variable-diameter sealing device I9 and the variable-diameter sealing device II 10 according to position information and controlling the injection through the liquid injection port 7 and the extraction of heavy metal suspension through the liquid extraction port 8; the lower part of the shell is provided with a liquid injection port 7 and a liquid extraction port 8 near the two ends respectively, and the liquid extraction port 8 is positioned at one end of the shell near the laying starting point; the two ends of the shell are respectively provided with a cable inlet and a cable outlet, the cable inlet is positioned at one end of the shell close to the laying starting point, and the cable inlet and the cable outlet are connected with the cable channels 11 at the two sides to form a closed whole;
the reducing sealing device is a mechanical structure in the prior art, and adopts methods such as electric (magnetic force or mechanical force), pneumatic, hydraulic and the like to control the opening and closing of a group of valve plates; when the valve plates are closed, the group of valve plates form a valve with a circular hole in the center, the diameter of the circular hole can be adjusted according to the outer diameter of a cable to be laid and is matched with the outer diameter of the cable to be laid to form tight fit, and sliding seal is formed; when the valve plates are opened, the group of valve plates also form a valve with a circular hole in the center, and the diameter of the circular hole can be adjusted according to the inner diameter of a cable channel or the outer diameter of a circular piston on a cable so as to meet the requirement that the circular piston on the cable smoothly passes through;
B. assembling a cable production workshop at a planned cable laying starting end, and then preparing to start to produce the ultra-long cable 1, wherein the specific production process comprises the following steps:
production of cable core materials: in a supplier production base, a monofilament paint-coating film-forming insulation treatment process is adopted to produce copper enameled wires or aluminum enameled wires forming cable cores;
production of cable cores: in an engineering site, designing a section structure of a cable core according to required technical requirements, and controlling the density of the ultra-long cable; copper enameled wires or aluminum enameled wires which are subjected to single wire paint coating and film forming insulation process treatment are used, and the improved existing process is applied to continuously produce cable cores with tubular structures on sections by stranding around liner tubes;
production of main insulating materials and internal and external shielding structure materials of the cable: in a supplier production base, the improved existing process is adopted to soak the synthetic fiber insulating paper in liquid polyethylene, the soaking pressure is improved, or a chemical agent is used to promote the polyethylene to soak the synthetic fiber insulating paper, air gaps in the synthetic fiber insulating paper are filled, and then the synthetic fiber insulating paper composite polyethylene insulating material is formed through extrusion, cooling and solidification; or necessary auxiliary materials are added to produce the internal and external shielding structure materials;
the main insulating material is a synthetic fiber insulating paper composite polyethylene insulating material, or an internal and external shielding structure material produced by adding necessary auxiliary materials; the preparation process of the material comprises the following steps: in a vacuum constant-temperature drying environment, after finishing the production preparation of unfolding, soaking, extruding, curing, vulcanizing and rewinding the synthetic fiber insulating paper, injecting liquid polyethylene to ensure that the synthetic fiber insulating paper reel and the production links of unfolding, soaking and preliminary extruding are completely soaked in the liquid polyethylene; and then keeping the temperature unchanged, releasing the pressure, starting the production flow, performing multistage extrusion and solidification on the synthetic fiber insulating paper subjected to infiltration and preliminary extrusion, accelerating polyethylene crosslinking through a vulcanization process, and winding into an insulating material compounded by the synthetic fiber insulating paper and the polyethylene, or adding necessary auxiliary materials to form an internal and external shielding structure material.
Production of single-phase cables: in an engineering site, according to a cable main insulation and inner and outer shielding structure designed and arranged on a cable section and other necessary cable structures in the prior art, a synthetic fiber insulating paper composite polyethylene insulating material is used, the improved prior art is applied, and the outer surface of a cable core is subjected to a layered wrapping process and a re-crosslinking heat sealing process to form the cable main insulation and inner and outer shielding structure and each cable structure layer in the prior art, so that the ultra-long continuous production of a single-phase cable is completed;
three-phase system cable production: in an engineering field, the production of the three-phase system cables is completed by applying the existing process;
the three production procedures of the production of the cable core, the production of the single-phase cable and the production of the three-phase system cable are different production procedures in one production process which is synchronously finished;
when the ultra-long cable 1 is produced, a circular piston 2 is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the ultra-long cable 1 at the same interval;
the outer diameter of the circular piston 2 is tightly matched with the inner diameter of the cable channel 11 to form sliding seal; when the reducing sealing device I9 and the reducing sealing device II 10 are in a closed state, the minimum opening is in tight fit with the outer diameter of the ultra-long cable 1 to form sliding seal; the reducing sealing device II 10 and the round piston 2 at the front end form a positive pressure working cylinder, and the heavy metal suspension is injected to push the cable to move; the reducing sealing device I9 and the round piston 2 at the back form a negative pressure working cylinder, and the heavy metal suspension is extracted to pull the cable to move;
C. preparing heavy metal suspension by adopting a known production process, so that the density of the obtained heavy metal suspension is equal to that of the ultra-long cable 1;
D. when the ultra-long cable 1 is laid, firstly, both the reducing sealing device I9 and the reducing sealing device II 10 in the hydraulic driving device 3 closest to the laying starting point are opened, and the head end of the ultra-long cable 1 is fed into the shell through the cable inlet until the head end of the ultra-long cable reaches the cable outlet on the opposite side; then closing the variable-diameter sealing device I9 and the variable-diameter sealing device II 10, and injecting heavy metal suspension into the hydraulic driving device 3 to fill the space III with the heavy metal suspension;
after a first round piston 2 at the head end of the super-long cable 1 enters a first section of cable channel 11, a positive pressure working cylinder is formed by a variable diameter sealing device II 10 and the round piston 2 at the front end, a heavy metal suspension is injected into the infusion pump from a liquid injection port 7 of a first-stage hydraulic driving device 3, the first round piston 2 at the head end of the super-long cable 1 is pushed by the heavy metal suspension, and the super-long cable 1 is pulled to move forwards in the cable channel until reaching a cable inlet of a second-stage hydraulic driving device 3;
with the movement of the first round piston 2 at the head end of the ultra-long cable 1, the cable channel 11 is filled with heavy metal suspension, and the ultra-long cable 1 is suspended in the cable channel under the buoyancy action of the heavy metal suspension;
after a first circular piston 2 at the head end of an ultra-long cable 1 enters a cable inlet of a second-stage hydraulic driving device 3, a position detection device I4 finds that the first circular piston 2 at the head end of the ultra-long cable enters a space I in the second-stage hydraulic driving device 3, and a control system controls a reducing sealing device I9 to be opened; the first circular piston 2 at the head end of the ultra-long cable 1 passes through the reducing sealing device I9, the position detection device II 5 finds that the first circular piston 2 at the head end of the ultra-long cable enters the space II through the reducing sealing device I9, the control system controls the reducing sealing device I9 to be closed, and the reducing sealing device II 10 is controlled to be opened; the position detection device III 6 finds that the first circular piston 2 at the head end of the ultra-long cable 1 enters the space III through the reducing sealing device II 10, and the control system controls the closing of the reducing sealing device II 10;
at the moment, the reducing sealing device I9 and the round piston 2 at the back form a negative pressure working cylinder, and the reducing sealing device II 10 and the round piston 2 at the front end form a positive pressure working cylinder; starting an infusion pump, extracting heavy metal suspension from a liquid extraction port 8 of a second-stage hydraulic driving device 3, injecting the heavy metal suspension through a liquid injection port 7, pushing a first circular piston 2 at the head end of the ultra-long cable 1 by the heavy metal suspension in a positive pressure working cylinder, pulling a circular piston 2 at the back of the cable by the heavy metal suspension in a negative pressure working cylinder, and drawing the ultra-long cable 1 to move forwards in a cable channel together until reaching a cable inlet of a third-stage hydraulic driving device 3;
and then, the hydraulic driving devices 3 at all stages repeat the process and sequentially control until the end of the cable line, and the whole laying process of the ultra-long cable 1 line is completed.
Further, the main insulating material is an insulating material compounded by synthetic fiber insulating paper and polyethylene, and the preparation process of the main insulating material is as follows: in a vacuum constant-temperature drying environment, after finishing the production preparation of unfolding, soaking, extruding, curing, vulcanizing and rewinding the synthetic fiber insulating paper, injecting liquid polyethylene to ensure that the synthetic fiber insulating paper reel and the production links of unfolding, soaking and preliminary extruding are completely soaked in the liquid polyethylene; and then keeping the temperature unchanged, releasing the pressure, starting the production flow, performing multistage extrusion and solidification on the synthetic fiber insulating paper subjected to infiltration and preliminary extrusion, promoting polyethylene crosslinking through a vulcanization process, and winding into the synthetic fiber insulating paper and polyethylene composite insulating material. The insulating material compounded by the synthetic fiber insulating paper and the polyethylene has excellent high and low temperature resistance (the highest use temperature can reach more than 70-100 ℃, and the lowest use temperature can reach-100 to-70 ℃), good chemical stability, erosion resistance, small water absorption, excellent electrical insulating property, dielectric property and other electrical properties, excellent creep resistance, environmental stress cracking resistance and other mechanical properties;
the characteristics of good mechanical toughness, excellent dielectric property, high heat conductivity coefficient, good thermal stability, good low-temperature performance, insensitivity to humidity, radiation resistance, no toxicity/flame resistance of the synthetic fiber insulating paper are fully utilized; synthetic fiber insulation paper is substantially impervious to most solvents and is very resistant to acid and base attack, and is also compatible with all varnishes, adhesives, transformer fluids, lubricants and refrigerants.
The polyethylene film and the insulating paper are cured through cross-linking and heat seal to form a more compact structure, the hidden danger that the electrical insulating property and the dielectric property are reduced due to the retention of the water-containing molecular gas in the insulating structure is eliminated, and the channel for the water-containing molecular gas to enter the insulating structure again is blocked, so that the polyethylene film has better high and low temperature resistance, better chemical stability, erosion resistance, creep resistance, environmental stress cracking resistance and other mechanical properties.
Claims (1)
1. A laying method of an ultra-long cable is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
A. planning a laying path of a cable in advance, arranging a plurality of cable channels of the type of cable protection pipes on the laying path according to needs, uniformly distributing a plurality of hydraulic driving devices on the cable channels, and alternately connecting the cable channels and the hydraulic driving devices end to enable a laying starting point to be communicated with a laying end point;
the hydraulic driving device comprises a shell, a position detection device I, a reducing sealing device I, a position detection device II, a reducing sealing device II and a position detection device III; the reducing sealing device I and the reducing sealing device II are sequentially arranged in the shell, the shell is divided into a space I, a space II and a space III from near to far away from a laying starting point, and the reducing sealing device I is closer to the laying starting point relative to the reducing sealing device II; the position detection device I, the position detection device II and the position detection device III are respectively arranged in the space I, the space II and the space III and are used for detecting the position of a circular piston on the cable, respectively controlling the opening and closing of the variable-diameter sealing device I and the variable-diameter sealing device II according to position information and controlling the injection of a liquid injection port and the extraction of heavy metal suspension liquid through a liquid extraction port; the lower part of the shell is provided with a liquid injection port and a liquid extraction port respectively at positions close to the two ends, and the liquid extraction port is positioned at one end of the shell close to the laying starting point; the cable inlet and the cable outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell and are positioned at one end of the shell close to the laying starting point, and the cable inlet and the cable outlet are respectively connected with the cable channels at two sides to form a closed whole;
B. assembling a cable production workshop at a planned cable laying starting end, and then preparing to start to produce an ultra-long cable, wherein the specific production process comprises the following steps:
production of cable core materials: in a supplier production base, a monofilament paint-coating film-forming insulation treatment process is adopted to produce copper enameled wires or aluminum enameled wires forming cable cores;
production of cable cores: in an engineering site, designing a section structure of a cable core according to required technical requirements, and controlling the density of the ultra-long cable; copper enameled wires or aluminum enameled wires which are subjected to single wire paint coating and film forming insulation process treatment are used, and the improved existing process is applied to continuously produce cable cores with tubular structures on sections by stranding around liner tubes;
production of main insulating materials and internal and external shielding structure materials of the cable: in a supplier production base, the improved existing process is adopted to soak the synthetic fiber insulating paper in liquid polyethylene, the soaking pressure is improved, or a chemical agent is used to promote the polyethylene to soak the synthetic fiber insulating paper, air gaps in the synthetic fiber insulating paper are filled, and then the synthetic fiber insulating paper composite polyethylene insulating material is formed through extrusion, cooling and solidification; or necessary auxiliary materials are added to produce the internal and external shielding structure materials;
the main insulating material is a synthetic fiber insulating paper composite polyethylene insulating material, or an internal and external shielding structure material produced by adding necessary auxiliary materials; the preparation process of the material comprises the following steps: in a vacuum constant-temperature drying environment, after finishing the production preparation of unfolding, soaking, extruding, curing, vulcanizing and rewinding the synthetic fiber insulating paper, injecting liquid polyethylene to ensure that the synthetic fiber insulating paper reel and the production links of unfolding, soaking and preliminary extruding are completely soaked in the liquid polyethylene; then keeping the temperature unchanged, releasing the pressure, starting the production flow, performing multistage extrusion and solidification on the synthetic fiber insulating paper which is soaked and preliminarily extruded, accelerating polyethylene crosslinking through a vulcanization process, and winding into an insulating material compounded by the synthetic fiber insulating paper and the polyethylene, or adding necessary auxiliary materials to form an internal and external shielding structure material;
production of single-phase cables: in an engineering site, according to a cable main insulation and inner and outer shielding structure designed and arranged on a cable section and other necessary cable structures in the prior art, a synthetic fiber insulating paper composite polyethylene insulating material is used, the improved prior art is applied, and the outer surface of a cable core is subjected to a layered wrapping process and a re-crosslinking heat sealing process to form the cable main insulation and inner and outer shielding structure and each cable structure layer in the prior art, so that the ultra-long continuous production of a single-phase cable is completed;
three-phase system cable production: in an engineering field, the production of the three-phase system cables is completed by applying the existing process;
the three production procedures of the production of the cable core, the production of the single-phase cable and the production of the three-phase system cable are different production procedures in one production process which is synchronously finished;
when the ultra-long cable is produced, a circular piston is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the ultra-long cable at the same interval;
the outer diameter of the circular piston is tightly matched with the inner diameter of the cable channel to form sliding seal; when the reducing sealing device I and the reducing sealing device II are in a closed state, the minimum opening is in tight fit with the outer diameter of the ultra-long cable to form sliding seal; the reducing sealing device II and a round piston at the front end form a positive pressure working cylinder, and the heavy metal suspension is injected to push the cable to move; the reducing sealing device I and a round piston at the back form a negative pressure working cylinder, and the heavy metal suspension is extracted to pull the cable to move;
C. preparing heavy metal suspension by adopting a known production process, so that the density of the obtained heavy metal suspension is equal to that of the ultra-long cable;
D. when an ultra-long cable is laid, a variable-diameter sealing device I and a variable-diameter sealing device II in a hydraulic driving device closest to a laying starting point are opened, and a circular piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable is fed into a shell through a cable inlet until the circular piston reaches a cable outlet at the opposite side; then closing the variable-diameter sealing device I and the variable-diameter sealing device II, and injecting heavy metal suspension into the hydraulic driving device to fill the space III with the heavy metal suspension;
after a first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable enters a first section of cable channel, the infusion pump injects heavy metal suspension from a liquid injection port of the first-stage hydraulic driving device, and the first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable is pushed by the heavy metal suspension to pull the ultra-long cable to move forwards in the cable channel until reaching a cable inlet of the second-stage hydraulic driving device; with the movement of the first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable, the cable channel is filled with heavy metal suspension, and the ultra-long cable is suspended in the cable channel under the buoyancy action of the heavy metal suspension;
after a first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable enters a cable inlet of a second-stage hydraulic driving device, a position detection device I finds that the first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable enters a space I in the second-stage hydraulic driving device, and a control system controls a reducing sealing device I to be opened; the first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable passes through the reducing sealing device I, the position detection device II finds that the first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable passes through the reducing sealing device I and enters the space II, and the control system controls the reducing sealing device I to be closed and controls the reducing sealing device II to be opened; the position detection device III finds that the first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable enters the space III through the variable-diameter sealing device II, the control system controls the variable-diameter sealing device II to be closed, the infusion pump is started, heavy metal suspension is extracted from the liquid extraction port of the second-stage hydraulic driving device and is injected through the liquid injection port, the first round piston at the head end of the ultra-long cable is pushed by the heavy metal suspension, and the ultra-long cable is pulled to move forwards in the cable channel until the cable inlet of the third-stage hydraulic driving device;
and then, the hydraulic driving devices at all levels repeat the processes and sequentially control until the end of the cable line, and the whole laying process of the super-long cable line is completed.
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| GB9909912D0 (en) * | 1999-04-29 | 1999-06-30 | Pirelli General Plc | Method of blowing cable into a duct |
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