CN110399659B - Length design method of switching spline shaft - Google Patents
Length design method of switching spline shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN110399659B CN110399659B CN201910622485.0A CN201910622485A CN110399659B CN 110399659 B CN110399659 B CN 110399659B CN 201910622485 A CN201910622485 A CN 201910622485A CN 110399659 B CN110399659 B CN 110399659B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/02—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions
- F16D3/06—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted to allow axial displacement
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of shafts, and relates to a length design method of a switching spline shaft. The method comprises the following steps: step one, calculating the static strength of the spline shaft; step two, giving out the initial length, calculating the vibration mode of the spline shaft to obtain the natural frequency f of the spline shaft 1 (ii) a Thirdly, calculating the excitation frequency f of the spline shaft during working according to the working rotating speed of the spline shaft 2 (ii) a Step four, adjusting the length of the spline to ensure | f 1 ‑f 2 |/f 2 The maximum length L of the spline shaft is obtained when the length is more than 20 percent; step five, the length of the spline housing is N, and when L is smaller than N, the length of the spline shaft is L; and when the length L of the spline shaft is larger than N, the length of the spline shaft is N m, wherein m is 70-95%. The technical scheme provides a length design method of the switching spline shaft, the maximum value is selected within a reasonable range, the spline can be adjusted to a large deflection amount through a small deflection angle to a certain extent, and the problems of spline abrasion, shoulder end face abrasion and the like caused by unstable work are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shafts, and relates to a length design method of a switching spline shaft.
Background
The transmission rod is one of important components in an accessory transmission system, belongs to shaft parts, and is provided with involute splines at two ends, and the involute splines are connected with a power output shaft and a power input shaft through the splines so as to transmit motion. In order to prevent the transmission rod from moving, a locking structure is designed at the end part of the transmission rod or anti-moving clamping rings are arranged at the two ends of the transmission rod. When a certain transmission gear box is connected with a transmission chain of the turbine booster pump, one end of the transmission rod is provided with a retaining shoulder to prevent the transmission, and the external spline extends into the gear shaft to carry out inner meshing transmission motion in the direction. However, since the length of the spline shaft is unreasonable, in the actual use process, the turbine booster pump has poor stability and great influence on the swing of the transmission rod when in work, the problems that the inner spline and the outer spline at the end, connected with the gear shaft, of the transmission rod are ground flat and the flanges of the transmission rod and the end face of the gear shaft are extruded and deformed often occur, so that the whole gear box needs to be checked and replaced at the position regularly, the operation is difficult, and the cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the length design method of the switching spline shaft is provided, on one hand, the normal transmission of the movement of the gear box and an external accessory is ensured, on the other hand, the fault of the abrasion of the end surface and the spline is reduced by changing the axial matching position of the spline, the inspection and replacement frequency is reduced, and the cost is saved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for designing the length of a switching spline shaft comprises the following steps:
step one, calculating the static strength of the spline shaft;
step two, giving out an initial length, calculating the vibration mode of the spline shaft and obtaining the natural frequency f of the spline shaft 1 ；
Thirdly, calculating the excitation frequency f of the spline shaft during working according to the working rotating speed of the spline shaft 2 ；
Step four, adjusting the length of the spline to ensure | f 1 -f 2 |/f 2 The maximum length L of the spline shaft is obtained when the length is more than 20 percent;
step five, the length of the spline housing is N, and when L is smaller than N, the length of the spline shaft is L; when the length L of the spline shaft is larger than N, the length of the spline shaft is N x m, wherein m is 70-95%. The technical scheme provides a length design method of the switching spline shaft, the maximum value is selected within a reasonable range, the spline can be adjusted to a large deflection amount through a small deflection angle to a certain extent, and the problems of spline abrasion, shoulder end face abrasion and the like caused by unstable work are solved. After verification, the length is determined according to the length design method of the switching spline shaft, and the wear of the end face of the shoulder and the internal spline of the switching spline shaft is obviously improved, the repair rejection rate is greatly reduced, and the time and the cost are saved.
Preferably, in the second step, the vibration mode of the spline shaft is calculated through finite element analysis, and the natural frequencies of the spline shaft in different order modes are obtained. The calculation method for the natural frequency of the spline shaft is provided, and the calculation efficiency and accuracy are improved.
Preferably, the natural frequency obtained in each order mode is substituted into the calculation of step four. Under the technical scheme of the finite element model, a calculation scheme is further provided, and the calculation precision is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a transfer spline shaft;
FIG. 2 is an assembly view of the transfer spline shaft;
fig. 3 shows campbell plots corresponding to K = 1.
Detailed Description
Taking a certain transmission rod as an example, as shown in fig. 1, key grooves are arranged at two ends of the spline shaft, and a shaft shoulder is arranged in the middle. As shown in fig. 2, one end of the spline shaft is sleeved in the spline sleeve of the butt joint structural body.
Designing and determining the length of the switching spline shaft:
the method comprises the following steps: calculating the static strength of the spline shaft
As shown in FIG. 1, the spline shaft structure is made of 16Cr3NiWMoVNbE, and under the room temperature condition, the specific material parameters are as follows:
TABLE 1 169r3NiWMoVNbE Material mechanical Property data
| Temperature (. Degree. C.) | E(GPa) | μ | ρ(g/cm 3 ) | σ p0.2 (MPa) | σ b (MPa) |
| 20 | 216 | 0.3 | 7.86 | ≥1130 | ≥1270 |
The power of the switching spline shaft is 140KW, and the rotating speed is 20041r/min. From the torque calculation formula T =9459 × p/N, the center drive rod input torque was calculated to be 66.706N · m.
The maximum stress of the spline is calculated according to GB/T17855-2017 spline bearing capacity calculation method, the maximum stress is 432.3MPa, the minimum yield strength of the material is not exceeded 1350MPa, and the static strength design requirement is met.
Step two, giving out an initial length, calculating the vibration mode of the spline shaft and obtaining the natural frequency f of the spline shaft 1
The length of the spline shaft is given to be 200mm, a mode shape graph is obtained by using finite element analysis software, the first 4-order calculation results are extracted by mode shape calculation, and the inherent frequency value is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 frequency of each step of the adapting spline shaft
| Order of the order | Frequency (Hz) | Order of the order | Frequency (Hz) |
| 1 st order | 324.23 | 3 order | 2828.5 |
| 2 order | 1281.4 | 4 th order | 3838.5 |
The 1-order natural frequency is close to the excitation frequency, and the occurrence of resonance can cause the transfer spline shaft to have deformation and dynamic stress, so that the design requirement can not be met.
Thirdly, calculating the excitation frequency f of the spline shaft during working according to the working rotating speed of the spline shaft 2
The working rotating speed of the spline is 20041r/min, and the excitation frequency is 334.0Hz through calculation.
Step four, adjusting the length of the spline to ensure | f 1 -f 2 |/f 2 More than 20 percent to obtain the maximum length L of the spline shaft
And gradually adjusting the length of the spline shaft until the length is 350mm, obtaining a mode shape diagram by using finite element analysis software, extracting the first 7-order calculation result by mode calculation, and obtaining the inherent frequency value shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 frequency of each step of the adapting spline shaft
| Order of the order | Frequency (Hz) | Order of the order | Frequency (Hz) |
| 1 st order | 408.3 | 5 th order | 4781.2 |
| 2 order | 1589.0 | 6 th order | 5922.0 |
| 3 order | 3476.1 | 7 th order | 8815.9 |
| 4 th order | 3969.1 |
According to the orders and the excitation frequency of the switching spline shaft, a Campbell diagram with K =1 is given, and is shown in figure 3. As can be seen from the figure, no resonance phenomenon occurred. Substituting each frequency into the equation | f 1 -f 2 |/f 2 And the obtained margin value is more than 20 percent and meets the design requirement.
Step five, the length of the spline housing is N, and when L is smaller than N, the length of the spline shaft is L; when the length L of the spline shaft is more than N, the length of the spline shaft is N x m, wherein m is 70-95%
The length of the spline sleeve is 400mm, so that the length of the spline shaft is 350mm.
Claims (6)
1. A length design method of a switching spline shaft is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, calculating the static strength of the spline shaft;
step two, giving out the initial length, calculating the vibration mode of the spline shaft to obtain the natural frequency f of the spline shaft 1 ；
Thirdly, calculating the excitation frequency f of the spline shaft during working according to the working rotating speed of the spline shaft 2 ；
Step four, adjusting the length of the spline to ensure | f 1 -f 2 |/f 2 The maximum length L of the spline shaft is obtained when the length is more than 20 percent;
step five, the length of the spline housing is N, and when L is smaller than N, the length of the spline shaft is L;
when the length L of the spline shaft is larger than N, the length of the spline shaft is N x m, wherein m is 70-95%.
2. A method of designing a length of a transfer spline shaft according to claim 1, wherein: and step two, calculating the vibration mode of the spline shaft through finite element analysis to obtain the natural frequencies of the spline shaft under different order modes.
3. A method for designing the length of a spline shaft according to claim 2, wherein: and in the second step, modal calculation extracts the calculation result of the first 4 orders of finite element analysis.
4. A method for designing the length of a spline shaft according to claim 2, wherein: and substituting the natural frequency obtained in each order of mode into the step four for calculation.
5. A method for designing the length of a spline shaft according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) calculating the maximum stress of the spline according to GB/T17855-2017 spline bearing capacity calculation method, and judging whether the calculated static strength of the spline meets the requirement or not.
6. A method for designing the length of a spline shaft according to claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, a campbell diagram with K =1 is given according to the respective orders and excitation frequencies of the transfer spline shaft, and whether the resonance phenomenon occurs is judged.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910622485.0A CN110399659B (en) | 2019-07-09 | 2019-07-09 | Length design method of switching spline shaft |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910622485.0A CN110399659B (en) | 2019-07-09 | 2019-07-09 | Length design method of switching spline shaft |
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| CN110399659A CN110399659A (en) | 2019-11-01 |
| CN110399659B true CN110399659B (en) | 2023-01-06 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103438119A (en) * | 2013-09-01 | 2013-12-11 | 韩凤琳 | Inserter-connected electromagnetic drive clutch with spline shafts having discs and spline sleeves having discs |
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2019
- 2019-07-09 CN CN201910622485.0A patent/CN110399659B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103438119A (en) * | 2013-09-01 | 2013-12-11 | 韩凤琳 | Inserter-connected electromagnetic drive clutch with spline shafts having discs and spline sleeves having discs |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 一款大规格传动轴的设计;孟凡生;《商用汽车》;20141130(第22期);全文 * |
| 双卧轴搅拌器花键轴优化设计;孙亚峰;《机械工程师》;20160331(第03期);全文 * |
| 基于局域共振声子带隙的扭转减振器设计方法;吴昱东等;《振动与冲击》;20180531(第09期);全文 * |
| 花键轴增量式滚轧成形坯料直径计算及有限元分析;李泳峄等;《锻压技术》;20130228(第01期);全文 * |
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Inventor after: Yu Chuan Inventor after: Fan Hongli Inventor after: Chen Changjun Inventor after: Sun Tingna Inventor before: Yu Chuan Inventor before: Chen Changjun Inventor before: Chen Tingna |