CN110398426A - A kind of soil classifiction and Water And Earth Pressures measurement simulator and method - Google Patents
A kind of soil classifiction and Water And Earth Pressures measurement simulator and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110398426A CN110398426A CN201910778460.XA CN201910778460A CN110398426A CN 110398426 A CN110398426 A CN 110398426A CN 201910778460 A CN201910778460 A CN 201910778460A CN 110398426 A CN110398426 A CN 110398426A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108010063290 Aquaporins Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Norphytane Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007660 shear property test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0244—Tests performed "in situ" or after "in situ" use
- G01N2203/0246—Special simulation of "in situ" conditions, scale models or dummies
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soil classifiction and Water And Earth Pressures measurement simulator and methods, including power pressure supply unit and measuring unit；Power pressure supply unit and measuring unit are connected as measuring unit and provide pressure, and hydralic pressure gauge is arranged in power pressure supply unit, hydraulic for measuring；Measuring unit includes container and shearing strength measuring mechanism；Setting sliding sleeve sealing mechanism will be divided into two inside container in container；Space in container includes space one and space two, and power pressure supply unit is connected to space two, and shearing strength measuring mechanism is mounted on container and extend into space one, and drainage part and limbers are arranged on the side wall in space one；Shearing strength measuring mechanism includes shear plate and plate stem, several shearing pieces is arranged on shear plate, plate stem and container are fixed and junction is sealed processing.The present invention can measure water pressure, soil pressure in manipulated soil；For the shearing strength measured without the process of soil sample stress release, measurement result is more acurrate, has biggish promotion prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil test field of measuring technique, in particular to a kind of soil classifiction and Water And Earth Pressures measure
Simulator and method.
Background technique
Soil classifiction test method mainly has direct shear test, triaxial shear test, tries without lateral confinement resistance to compression now
Test with vane shear test etc..Each shearing strength test method has its advantage and disadvantage, most of shearing strength test methods
Original soil sample and manipulated soil soil sample all live through pressure releasing process, cause shearing strength measurement result inaccurate；Four-bladed vane
Although shearing test is suitable for measuring the undrained shear strength in situ of saturated soft clay at the scene, due to squeezing into four-bladed vane depth
The limitation of degree, very deep place are unable to measure.To carry out accurate test measurement to soil shear strength, need to make manipulated soil examination
Sample, and under the premise of simulating cladding earth pressure measure manipulated soil soil sample shearing strength.The manipulated soil of different water cut has
Different forms (hard plastic, plastic, soft modeling, stream modeling etc.), but soil pressure and hydraulic pressure under external high load action in manipulated soil
Power is respectively how many, now without effective measuring device and method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of soil classifictions and Water And Earth Pressures to measure
Simulator and method simulate the pristine outside pressure production manipulated soil soil sample of soil, and under the premise of reset pressure is constant
It directlys adopt four-bladed vane and shear strength test measurement is carried out to soil sample, in addition to this it is possible to be carried out to water pressure and soil pressure
Measurement calculates.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of soil classifiction and Water And Earth Pressures measure simulator, including power pressure supply unit and measuring unit；
Power pressure supply unit and measuring unit are connected as measuring unit and provide pressure, and the setting of power pressure supply unit is hydraulic
Table, it is hydraulic for measuring；
Measuring unit includes container and shearing strength measuring mechanism；Sliding sleeve sealing mechanism is set in container by inside container one
It is divided into two；
Space in container includes space one and space two, and power pressure supply unit is connected to space two, shearing strength measurement
Mechanism is mounted on container and extend into space one, and drainage part and limbers are arranged on the side wall in space one；
Shearing strength measuring mechanism includes shear plate and plate stem, and several shearing pieces are arranged on shear plate, and plate stem and container are solid
Fixed and junction is sealed processing.
It is preferred that sliding sleeve sealing mechanism includes sliding sleeve plate, sealing ring and pressing plate；Seal ring set on sliding sleeve plate,
Pressing plate is fixed with sliding sleeve plate.
It is preferred that sliding sleeve sealing mechanism further includes rubber ring and support spacer；
Support spacer, rubber ring and sealing ring collectively form a seal combination, and a sealing is at least arranged on sliding sleeve plate
Combination；A downward hierarchic structure is arranged in the outside of sliding sleeve plate, and seal combination is mounted at hierarchic structure, seal combination installation
After the completion, it is fixed by pressing plate.
It is preferred that container includes steel cylinder, upper cover plate and lower cover plate, wherein upper cover plate include the first upper cover plate and
Second upper cover plate, the first upper cover plate are sealed with steel cylinder by the first sealing ring；
Shearing strength measuring mechanism further includes sealing plate, and sealing plate and plate stem are in cross, on sealing plate setting threaded hole and
Seal groove；
After plate stem passes through the first upper cover plate, guarantees leakproofness by installing the second sealing ring in seal groove, pass through second
Bolt or screw are fixed.
It is preferred that the upper and lower of steel cylinder is respectively provided with extension, upper cover plate is fixed by the first bolt with steel cylinder, lower cover plate
It is fixed by third bolt with steel cylinder.
It is preferred that drainage part is drainage paper, drainage paper is arranged on container inner wall, and drainage paper covers on side wall
Limbers；
One water passage is set on the outer wall of container, and water passage is separately connected first pipe and second pipe, In
Water pressure gauge is installed in first pipe.
It is preferred that the second shut-off valve is arranged in the first pipe of water passage connection；Is installed on second pipe
The end of three shut-off valves, second pipe is connected to graduated cylinder.
It is preferred that space two-way piping connects the 4th shut-off valve.
It is preferred that power pressure supply unit further includes liquid reserve tank, power mechanism, the first shut-off valve and pressure regulator valve；
For power mechanism for the liquid in liquid reserve tank to be transported in space two, power mechanism and space two pass through pressure supply pipe
Road connection, for the first shut-off valve, hydralic pressure gauge and pressure regulator valve are arranged on pressure pipeline.
It is preferred that pressure regulator valve is manual pressure regulating valve, the rear end of pressure regulator valve is connected to liquid reserve tank by reflux line；
Power mechanism includes motor and hydraulic pump, and motor provides hydraulic power for hydraulic pump.
It is preferred that filter core is arranged in the water inlet of hydraulic pump.
A kind of soil classifiction and Water And Earth Pressures measurement method, comprising:
Water And Earth Pressures measuring process:
Power pressure supply unit supplies water to space two, hydraulic oil or other liquid, sliding sleeve sealing mechanism squeeze space one
Inner space, the Free water in manipulated soil in space one enter water passage through drainage paper, limbers, then through the second cut-off
Valve enters water pressure gauge, and water pressure gauge shows Free water pressure value in manipulated soil at this time；
The Free water pressure value under different external pressures in manipulated soil can be checked by adjusting manual pressure regulating valve, according in space two
Fluid pressure, the Free water pressure value that shows of the frictional force of sliding sleeve sealing mechanism, water pressure gauge can calculate the soil pressure of manipulated soil
Force value；
Shearing strength measuring process:
By adjusting pressure regulator valve for liquid pressing in space two to required pressure, open third shut-off valve, in manipulated soil from
It is flowed out by water, third shut-off valve is closed when water content reaches requirements in manipulated soil, static pressurization a period of time makes manipulated soil
Consolidation, the second bolt is removed, using measurement torquer by field vane shear test measurement provide rotor plate bar to remoulded sample into
Row shear strength test obtains the manipulated soil shearing strength under manipulated soil moisture content certain condition.
It is preferred that steel cylinder, along the multiple limbers of Side wall drill, water is collected using water passage in outside, water passage
One opening connects the second shut-off valve, and an opening connects third shut-off valve；Drainage paper is mounted on the inner wall of limbers or steel cylinder；
Sliding sleeve sealing mechanism includes sliding sleeve plate, support spacer, O-shaped rubber ring, PTFE material sealing ring, pressing plate, third spiral shell
Bolt；Sliding sleeve sealing mechanism installation process is as follows: successively installing on sliding sleeve plate and is made of support spacer, sealing ring, O-shaped rubber ring
Seal combination；Sliding sleeve plate at least one seal combination of corresponding installation, after seal combination is installed, finally installs pressing plate,
Pressing plate and sliding sleeve plate are fixed with the 4th bolt；
The step of cross device includes the four-bladed vane of plate stem, sealing plate and the installation of plate stem end, installs cross device is such as
Under: the second sealing ring is mounted in seal groove, lubricating grease is smeared in the face that sealing plate is contacted with the first upper cover plate, and plate stem passes through close
Sealing plate interstitial hole is fixed using the second bolt with sealing plate；First sealing ring is mounted on steel cylinder, using the first bolt by
One upper cover plate and steel cylinder are fixed；
By cross device by above step install and by steel cylinder overturn 180 ° placement, by the first shut-off valve, the second shut-off valve,
Third shut-off valve, the 4th shut-off valve are closed；Sealing plate and remodeling soil contact face smear lubricating grease, steel cylinder inner wall upper sliding sleeve sealer
Lubricating grease is smeared in sliding for structure in range；
Soil, the water content of manipulated soil are recorded in advance, and the manipulated soil stirred evenly containing water is put into space one,
Sliding sleeve sealing mechanism is installed in steel cylinder through space two, and with manipulated soil face contact；Third sealing ring is mounted on the sealing of steel cylinder
In slot, lower cover plate and steel cylinder are fixed using third bolt；
First shut-off valve is opened, starting motor drives hydraulic pump rotation, and hydraulic pump is by liquid reserve tank mesolow liquid through filtering
Wick into hydraulic pump, formed highly pressurised liquid by the road, the first shut-off valve enters in space two and is full of, pressurizes；By checking
Hydralic pressure gauge manually adjustable pressure regulator valve adjusts liquid pressure value in space two, and surplus liquid flows back to liquid storage through manual pressure regulating valve
Case；
There is press liquid to generate pressure to sliding sleeve sealing mechanism in space two, sliding sleeve sealing mechanism is moved into space one,
Manipulated soil is squeezed, external pressure is formed；Steel cylinder is overturn 180 °, graduated cylinder is installed in the end of second pipe；
The measurement of manipulated soil Water And Earth Pressures and calculate: second opens shut-off valve, and the Free water in manipulated soil is through drainage paper, logical
Water hole enters the water passage in small space, then enters water pressure gauge through the second shut-off valve, water pressure gauge is shown in manipulated soil at this time
Free water pressure value；The Free water pressure value shown according to water pressure gauge can calculate the soil pressure force value of manipulated soil；
External pressure acts on lower manipulated soil shearing strength measurement: by manually adjusting manual pressure regulating valve for liquid in space two
It is forced into required pressure, opens third shut-off valve, Free water outflow in manipulated soil, when water content reaches requirements in manipulated soil
Third shut-off valve is closed, static pressurization a period of time consolidates manipulated soil；Second bolt is removed, is pressed using measurement torquer
Field vane shear test measurement regulation rotation cross device carries out shear strength test to remoulded sample, obtains manipulated soil shearing strength.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention makes manipulated soil soil sample by high pressure, manipulated soil soil sample contains what is required
After completing under the conditions of water rate shearing strength can be directly measured under external pressure effect.It can also be surveyed under external pressure effect
The water pressure in manipulated soil is measured, to calculate soil pressure.This measurement simulator can manipulated soil soil sample to any intensity into
Row shearing strength and Water And Earth Pressures are measured, are calculated, the shearing strength measured without soil sample stress release process,
Measurement result is more acurrate, has biggish promotion prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that soil classifiction and Water And Earth Pressures measure simulator structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of cross device；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of sliding sleeve sealing mechanism；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the second upper cover plate；
In figure, 1- liquid reserve tank, 2- filter core, 3- hydraulic pump, 4- manual pressure regulating valve, 5- hydralic pressure gauge, 6- motor, the cut-off of 7- first
Valve, 8- steel cylinder, 9- drainage paper, the limbers 10-, 11- water passage, 12- water pressure gauge, the second shut-off valve of 13-, the first upper cover of 14-
Plate, the first bolt of 15-, the first sealing ring of 16-, the second sealing ring of 17-, the second bolt of 18-, 19- cross device, the space 20- one,
21- third shut-off valve, 22- graduated cylinder, 23- sliding sleeve sealing mechanism, the 4th shut-off valve of 24-, 25- third bolt, the sealing of 26- third
Circle, 27- lower cover plate, the space 28- two, 29- plate stem, 30- threaded hole, 31- seal groove, 32- sealing plate, 33- four-bladed vane, 34- are sliding
Cage plate, 35- support spacer, 36-O shape rubber ring, 37-PTFE material sealing ring, 38- pressing plate, the 4th bolt of 39-, on 40- second
Cover board.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
It is as described below.
In the description of the embodiment of the present invention, it should be noted that indicating position or positional relationship is based on shown in attached drawings
The orientation or positional relationship invention product using when the orientation or positional relationship usually put or this field
The orientation or positional relationship that technical staff usually understands, is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than indicates
Or imply that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore cannot understand
For limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " etc. are only used for distinguishing description, and it should not be understood as instruction or dark
Show relative importance.
Embodiment one
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of soil classifiction and Water And Earth Pressures measure simulator, including power pressure supply list
Member and measuring unit；
Power pressure supply unit and measuring unit are connected as measuring unit and provide pressure, and hydralic pressure gauge is arranged in power pressure supply unit
5, it is hydraulic for measuring；
Measuring unit includes container and shearing strength measuring mechanism；Setting sliding sleeve sealing mechanism 23 will be inside container in container
It is divided into two；
Space in container includes space 1 and space 2 28, and power pressure supply unit is connected to space 2 28, and shearing resistance is strong
Degree measuring mechanism is mounted on container and extend into space 1, and drainage part and limbers are arranged on the side wall in space 1
10；
Shearing strength measuring mechanism includes shear plate and plate stem 29, and several shearing piece (several shearing pieces are arranged on shear plate
Cross is constituted, four-bladed vane 33 is become), plate stem 29 is fixed with container and junction is sealed processing.This experimental rig can be
Have and the water pressure of the manipulated soil of different water cut is measured with soil pressure under external pressure effect, is calculated.Moreover, being provided with
Shearing strength measuring mechanism, additionally it is possible to measure soil classifiction.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment is similar to implementing one, the difference is that, sliding sleeve sealing mechanism 23 includes sliding sleeve plate 34, PTFE material
Expect sealing ring 37 and pressing plate 38；37 sets of PTFE material sealing ring on sliding sleeve plate 34, pressing plate 38 and sliding sleeve plate 34 are fixed.
As shown in figure 3, sliding sleeve sealing mechanism 23 further includes O-shaped rubber ring 36 and support spacer 35；
Support spacer 35, O-shaped rubber ring 36 and PTFE material sealing ring 37 collectively form a seal combination, sliding sleeve plate 34
On a seal combination is at least set；A downward hierarchic structure is arranged in the outside of sliding sleeve plate 34, and seal combination is mounted on rank
It is fixed by pressing plate 38 after seal combination is installed at terraced structure.
Container includes steel cylinder 8, upper cover plate and lower cover plate 27, wherein upper cover plate includes the first upper cover plate 14 and the second upper cover
Plate 40, the first upper cover plate 14 are sealed with steel cylinder 8 by the first sealing ring 16；
Shearing strength measuring mechanism further includes sealing plate 32, and sealing plate 32 and plate stem 29 are in cross, is arranged on sealing plate 32
Threaded hole 30 and seal groove 31；
After plate stem 29 passes through the first upper cover plate 14, guarantee leakproofness by installing the second sealing ring 17 in seal groove 31,
It is fixed by the second bolt 18 or screw.
The upper and lower of steel cylinder 8 is respectively provided with extension, and upper cover plate is fixed by the first bolt 15 and steel cylinder 8, and lower cover plate 27 passes through the
Three bolts 25 and steel cylinder 8 are fixed.
Drainage part is drainage paper 9, and drainage paper 9 is arranged on container inner wall, and drainage paper 9 covers the limbers 10 on side wall；
One water passage 11 is set on the outer wall of container, and water passage 11 is separately connected first pipe and the second pipe
Water pressure gauge 12 is installed in road in first pipe.
The second shut-off valve 13 is set in the first pipe that water passage 11 connects；Third shut-off valve is installed on second pipe
21, the end of second pipe is connected to graduated cylinder 22.
The present embodiment limits sliding sleeve sealing mechanism 23, container, shearing strength measuring mechanism, water passage 11 etc.
Fixed, those skilled in the art can realize this programme according to the content that embodiment is recorded.8 structure of steel cylinder is arranged to for container,
Its durability and compression strength all can satisfy measurement request.For sliding sleeve sealing mechanism 23, movement is efficiently solved
With the harmony problem of sealing, due to traditional mechanism that is slidingly sealed, sealing performance is very poor under high pressure, what the present embodiment provided
Seal combination can be good at solving the poorly sealed close technical problem in moving process.
Traditional 33 shear test method of four-bladed vane, is unable to measure very deep place, and the present invention can be with by way of simulation
Effectively solve this technical problem.Moreover, because traditional 33 shear structure of four-bladed vane needs and other technologies of the invention spy
Sign combines, and therefore, for the concrete form of shearing strength measuring mechanism, very detailed introduction is had also been made in the present invention.
Embodiment three
The purpose of the invention is to test Water And Earth Pressures and shearing strength, in order to reach said effect, the present invention is adopted
Realize that external pressure is provided using power pressure supply unit with the form of external pressurized, power pressure supply unit is gone back other than hydralic pressure gauge 5
Including liquid reserve tank 1, power mechanism, the first shut-off valve 7 and pressure regulator valve；
Power mechanism is used to for the liquid (water, hydraulic oil or other liquid) in liquid reserve tank 1 being transported in space 2 28,
Power mechanism with space 2 28 by being connect for pressure pipeline, for the first shut-off valve 7, hydralic pressure gauge 5 and pressure regulator valve are arranged on pressure pipeline.
In order to realize the purpose of manual voltage regulation, pressure regulator valve is set as manual pressure regulating valve 4, and the rear end of pressure regulator valve passes through return pipe
Road is connected to liquid reserve tank 1；Power mechanism includes motor 6 and hydraulic pump 3, and motor 6 is that hydraulic pump 3 provides hydraulic power.
Filter core 2 is arranged in the water inlet of hydraulic pump 3, and the purpose of setting filter core 2 is the impurity filtered out in liquid, avoids pipeline
Block or influence the normal operation of entire power pressure supply unit.
Corresponding with device is a kind of soil classifiction and Water And Earth Pressures measurement method, and the present invention also gives realization
The embodiment of this method, specifically includes:
Water And Earth Pressures measuring process:
Highly pressurised liquid of the power pressure supply unit to the water supply of space 2 28, hydraulic oil or other liquid, sliding sleeve sealing mechanism 23
The inner space in space 1 is squeezed, the Free water in manipulated soil in space 1 entered water through drainage paper 9, limbers 10
Then channel 11 enters water pressure gauge 12, Free water pressure value in the manipulated soil of the display of water pressure gauge 12 at this time through the second shut-off valve 13；
The Free water pressure value under different external pressures in manipulated soil can be checked by adjusting manual pressure regulating valve 4, according to space two
The Free water pressure value that the frictional force (negligible) of fluid pressure, sliding sleeve sealing mechanism 23 in 28, water pressure gauge 12 are shown
The soil pressure force value of manipulated soil can be calculated；
Shearing strength measuring process:
By adjusting pressure regulator valve for liquid pressing in space 2 28 to required pressure, third shut-off valve 21, manipulated soil are opened
Third shut-off valve 21 is closed in middle Free water outflow when water content reaches requirements in manipulated soil, and static pressurization a period of time makes
Manipulated soil consolidation, the second bolt 18 is removed, using measurement torquer by 33 test measurement of four-bladed vane provide (prior art,
33 shearing test of four-bladed vane: being popped one's head in the standard four-bladed vane 33 in insertion soil, reversed with given pace, and supporting when soil destroys is measured
Resisting moment measures a kind of home position testing method of the undrained shear strength of soil) plate stem 29 (cross device 19) is rotated to remodeling
Soil sample carries out shear strength test, obtains the manipulated soil shearing strength under manipulated soil moisture content certain condition.
In a preferred embodiment, steel cylinder 8 is received water using water passage 11 along the multiple limbers 10 of Side wall drill, outside
Collection, water passage 11 1 openings connect the second shut-off valve 13, and an opening connects third shut-off valve 21；Drainage paper 9 is mounted on water flowing
On the inner wall of hole 10 or steel cylinder 8；
Sliding sleeve sealing mechanism 23 includes sliding sleeve plate 34, support spacer 35, O-shaped rubber ring 36, PTFE material sealing ring 37, pressure
Plate 38, the 4th bolt 39；23 installation process of sliding sleeve sealing mechanism is as follows: successively installed on sliding sleeve plate 34 by support spacer 35,
The seal combination that sealing ring, O-shaped rubber ring 36 form；At least one seal combination of corresponding installation of sliding sleeve plate 34, seal combination peace
After installing into, pressing plate 38 is finally installed, it is with the 4th bolt 39 that pressing plate 38 and sliding sleeve plate 34 is fixed；
Cross device 19 includes the four-bladed vane 33 of plate stem 29, sealing plate 32 and the installation of 29 end of plate stem, installation cross dress
The step of setting 19 is as follows: the second sealing ring 17 being mounted in seal groove 31, the face that sealing plate 32 is contacted with the first upper cover plate 14
(32 top surface of sealing plate) smears lubricating grease, and plate stem 29 passes through 32 interstitial hole of sealing plate, solid using the second bolt 18 and sealing plate 32
It is fixed；First sealing ring 16 is mounted on steel cylinder 8, it is using the first bolt 15 that first upper cover plate 14 and steel cylinder 8 is fixed；
Cross device 19 is installed by above step and steel cylinder 8 is overturn into 180 ° (inversions of steel cylinder 8) and is placed, by the first cut-off
Valve 7, the second shut-off valve 13, third shut-off valve 21, the 4th shut-off valve 24 are closed；Sealing plate 32 and remodeling soil contact face (sealing plate
32 bottom surfaces) lubricating grease is smeared, lubricating grease is smeared in sliding for 8 inner wall upper sliding sleeve sealing mechanism 23 of steel cylinder in range；
Soil, the water content of manipulated soil are recorded in advance, and the manipulated soil stirred evenly containing water is put into space 1
Interior, sliding sleeve sealing mechanism 23 is installed in steel cylinder 8 through space 2 28, and with manipulated soil face contact；Third sealing ring 26 is mounted on
It is using third bolt 25 that lower cover plate 27 and steel cylinder 8 is fixed in the seal groove 31 of steel cylinder 8；
First shut-off valve 7 is opened, starting motor 6 drives hydraulic pump 3 to rotate, and hydraulic pump 3 is by 1 mesolow liquid of liquid reserve tank
It is sucked in hydraulic pump 3 through filter core 2, formation highly pressurised liquid is by the road, the first shut-off valve 7 is interior into space 2 28 and is full of, pressurizes；
Liquid pressure value in space 2 28 is adjusted by checking the manually adjustable pressure regulator valve of hydralic pressure gauge 5, surplus liquid is through manual voltage regulation
Valve 4 flows back to liquid reserve tank 1；
There is press liquid to generate pressure to sliding sleeve sealing mechanism 23 in space 2 28, sliding sleeve sealing mechanism 23 is to space 1
Interior movement, squeezes manipulated soil, forms external pressure；Steel cylinder 8 can be overturn 180 ° at this time to place to 1 state of attached drawing, In
The end of second pipe is installed by graduated cylinder 22；
Different external pressures act on lower manipulated soil Water And Earth Pressures measurement and calculate: shut-off valve 24 being opened, in manipulated soil
Free water enters the water passage 11 in small space through drainage paper 9, limbers 10, then enters water pressure gauge through the second shut-off valve 13
12, water pressure gauge 12 shows Free water pressure value in manipulated soil at this time；Adjusting manual pressure regulating valve 4 can check under different external pressures
Free water pressure value in manipulated soil；Frictional force according to fluid pressure, sliding sleeve sealing mechanism 23 in space 2 28 is (negligible
Disregard), the Free water pressure value that shows of water pressure gauge 12 can calculate the soil pressure force value of manipulated soil；
When needing to calculate the manipulated soil Water And Earth Pressures of different water cut, third shut-off valve 21 is opened, Free water flows into
In graduated cylinder 22；Third shut-off valve 21 is closed when moisture content is required moisture content in manipulated soil, is then surveyed according to the method described above
It measures, calculate Water And Earth Pressures value under this moisture content, different external pressure.
The calculating of manipulated soil liquid limit under external pressure effect: when calculating manipulated soil liquid limit value under different external pressures
When, fluid pressure is adjusted to certain value in space 2 28, third shut-off valve 21 is opened, when Free water outflow from large to small, directly
It, can by former manipulated soil water and soil content, water of outflow etc. to can determine whether that manipulated soil is in liquid limit boundary when the outflow of no Free water
Calculate the manipulated soil liquid limit value under the effect of this external pressure.
External pressure acts on lower manipulated soil shearing strength measurement: will be in space 2 28 by manually adjusting manual pressure regulating valve 4
Liquid pressing opens third shut-off valve 21, Free water outflow in manipulated soil, when water content reaches need in manipulated soil to required pressure
Evaluation (water content of record subtracts the water content in graduated cylinder 22, in order to enable measurement accuracy is more accurate, the entrance of second pipe
The bottom of water passage 11 is set, second pipe preferably tilts down setting, so as to make the Free water squeezed out all into
Enter into graduated cylinder 22) when close third shut-off valve 21, static pressurization consolidates manipulated soil for a period of time；Second bolt 18 is torn open
Under, provide that rotation cross device 19 carries out shearing strength to remoulded sample by 33 test measurement of four-bladed vane using measurement torquer
Test will comprehensively consider the friction torque of sealing plate 32 and manipulated soil, 14 contact surface of the first upper cover plate in calculating process (to reduce
Friction torque will smear lubrication between sealing plate 32 and the first upper cover plate 14, between sealing plate 32 and remodeling soil contact face), from
And accurately calculate under the effect of this external pressure, the manipulated soil shearing strength under manipulated soil moisture content certain condition, it is remolded
Native shearing strength；
It, will be on first with cross device 19 when only needing to make manipulated soil soil sample as shown in attached drawing 1 and attached drawing 4
Cover board 14 removes, and the second upper cover plate 40 is mounted on steel cylinder 8.Then the manipulated soil soil sample of needs is made according to the above method, and logical
Water in the water of overwriting, native content and graduated cylinder 22, can produce the manipulated soil soil sample of certain moisture content.
After the completion of test, motor 6, the first shut-off valve 7, the second shut-off valve 13, third shut-off valve 21 are closed, opens the 4th
(space 2 28 connects the 4th shut-off valve 24 by pipeline to shut-off valve 24.), the liquid in space 2 28 is poured into liquid reserve tank 1.
Each component is finally removed, cleans, is spare.
Motor 6 of the present invention drives hydraulic pump 3 to suck low pressure liquid in hydraulic pump 3 through filter core 2, forms highly pressurised liquid injection
It is compressed in measuring device space 1 to measuring device space 2 28 due to being moved outside high pressure zone of action dynamic sealing sliding bush apparatus
The manipulated soil stirred evenly, manipulated soil are compressed.The Free water that manipulated soil compression generates is through drainage paper 9, limbers 10, warp
Water passage 11 flows into graduated cylinder 22 after converging, and so as to calculate soil, the water content of manipulated soil, this measuring system or device can be counted
Calculate liquid limit value of the manipulated soil under different external pressures.Water pressure gauge 12 can be used to measure manipulated soil when third shut-off valve 21 is closed
Hydraulic pressure force value at various pressures, so as to calculate soil pressure force value.It can be by manipulated soil after remoulded sample molding
Shearing strength of the measurement molding soil sample of four-bladed vane 33 under different external pressures.
In conclusion the present invention can carry out following multinomial soil test content by measuring simulation system: first is that can make
The manipulated soil soil sample needed；Second is that can measure, calculate under the conditions of different external pressure different water cuts the water pressure of manipulated soil and
Soil pressure force value；Third is that can accurately measure, calculating and remold soil classifiction under the conditions of different external pressure different water cuts；Fourth is that
It can measure the liquid limit value that external pressure acts on lower manipulated soil.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is noted that all
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc. within the spirit and principles in the present invention should be included in guarantor of the invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of soil classifiction and Water And Earth Pressures measure simulator, it is characterised in that: including power pressure supply unit and survey
Measure unit；
Power pressure supply unit and measuring unit are connected as measuring unit and provide pressure, and hydralic pressure gauge is arranged in power pressure supply unit, use
It is hydraulic in measuring；
Measuring unit includes container and shearing strength measuring mechanism；One point inside container is by setting sliding sleeve sealing mechanism in container
Two；
Space in container includes space one and space two, and power pressure supply unit is connected to space two, shearing strength measuring mechanism
It is mounted on container and extend into space one, drainage part and limbers are set on the side wall in space one；
Shearing strength measuring mechanism includes shear plate and plate stem, is arranged several shearing pieces on shear plate, plate stem and container fix and
Junction is sealed processing.
2. a kind of soil classifiction according to claim 1 and Water And Earth Pressures measure simulator, it is characterised in that: sliding
Covering sealing mechanism includes sliding sleeve plate, sealing ring and pressing plate；Seal ring set on sliding sleeve plate, fix with sliding sleeve plate by pressing plate.
3. a kind of soil classifiction according to claim 2 and Water And Earth Pressures measure simulator, it is characterised in that: sliding
Set sealing mechanism further includes rubber ring and support spacer；
Support spacer, rubber ring and sealing ring collectively form a seal combination, and a seal combination is at least arranged on sliding sleeve plate；
A downward hierarchic structure is arranged in the outside of sliding sleeve plate, and seal combination is mounted at hierarchic structure, and seal combination is installed
Afterwards, it is fixed by pressing plate.
4. a kind of soil classifiction according to claim 1 and Water And Earth Pressures measure simulator, it is characterised in that: hold
Device includes steel cylinder, upper cover plate and lower cover plate, wherein upper cover plate include the first upper cover plate and the second upper cover plate, the first upper cover plate with
Steel cylinder is sealed by the first sealing ring；
Shearing strength measuring mechanism further includes sealing plate, and sealing plate and plate stem are in cross, and threaded hole and sealing is arranged on sealing plate
Slot；
After plate stem passes through the first upper cover plate, guarantees leakproofness by installing the second sealing ring in seal groove, pass through the second bolt
Or screw is fixed.
5. measuring simulator according to claim 4 any a kind of soil classifiction and Water And Earth Pressures, feature exists
In: the upper and lower of steel cylinder is respectively provided with extension, and upper cover plate is fixed by the first bolt with steel cylinder, and lower cover plate passes through third bolt and steel cylinder
It is fixed.
6. -5 any a kind of soil classifictions and Water And Earth Pressures measure simulator, feature according to claim 1
Be: drainage part is drainage paper, and drainage paper is arranged on container inner wall, and drainage paper covers the limbers on side wall；
One water passage is set on the outer wall of container, and water passage is separately connected first pipe and second pipe, first
Water pressure gauge is installed on pipeline.
7. a kind of soil classifiction according to claim 6 and Water And Earth Pressures measure simulator, it is characterised in that: mistake
The second shut-off valve is set in the first pipe of aquaporin connection；Third shut-off valve, the end of second pipe are installed on second pipe
It is connected to graduated cylinder.
8. a kind of soil classifiction according to claim 1 and Water And Earth Pressures measure simulator, it is characterised in that: empty
Between two-way piping connect the 4th shut-off valve.
9. a kind of soil classifiction and Water And Earth Pressures measurement method characterized by comprising
Water And Earth Pressures measuring process:
Power pressure supply unit supplies water to space two, hydraulic oil or other liquid, sliding sleeve sealing mechanism squeeze the inside in space one
Space, the Free water in manipulated soil in space one enter water passage through drainage paper, limbers, then through the second shut-off valve into
Enter water pressure gauge, water pressure gauge shows Free water pressure value in manipulated soil at this time；
The Free water pressure value under different external pressures in manipulated soil can be checked by adjusting manual pressure regulating valve, according to the liquid in space two
The Free water pressure value that body pressure, the frictional force of sliding sleeve sealing mechanism, water pressure gauge are shown can calculate the soil pressure force value of manipulated soil；
Shearing strength measuring process:
By adjusting pressure regulator valve for liquid pressing in space two to required pressure, third shut-off valve, Free water in manipulated soil are opened
Third shut-off valve is closed in outflow when water content reaches requirements in manipulated soil, and static pressurization a period of time consolidates manipulated soil,
Second bolt is removed, regulation rotor plate bar is measured by field vane shear test using measurement torquer and shearing resistance is carried out to remoulded sample
Strength test obtains the manipulated soil shearing strength under manipulated soil moisture content certain condition.
10. a kind of soil classifiction according to claim 9 and Water And Earth Pressures measurement method, it is characterised in that: steel cylinder
Along the multiple limbers of Side wall drill, water is collected using water passage in outside, and water passage one opening connects the second shut-off valve, and one
Opening connects third shut-off valve；Drainage paper is mounted on the inner wall of limbers or steel cylinder；
Sliding sleeve sealing mechanism includes sliding sleeve plate, support spacer, O-shaped rubber ring, PTFE material sealing ring, pressing plate, third bolt；It is sliding
Set sealing mechanism installation process it is as follows: successively installed on sliding sleeve plate be made of support spacer, sealing ring, O-shaped rubber ring it is close
Envelope combination；Sliding sleeve plate at least one seal combination of corresponding installation, after seal combination is installed, finally installs pressing plate, with the
Four bolts fix pressing plate and sliding sleeve plate；
The step of cross device includes the four-bladed vane of plate stem, sealing plate and the installation of plate stem end, installs cross device is as follows: will
Second sealing ring is mounted in seal groove, and lubricating grease is smeared in the face that sealing plate is contacted with the first upper cover plate, and plate stem passes through sealing plate
Interstitial hole is fixed using the second bolt with sealing plate；First sealing ring is mounted on steel cylinder, it will be on first using the first bolt
Cover board and steel cylinder are fixed；
Cross device is installed by above step and steel cylinder is overturn into 180 ° of placements, by the first shut-off valve, the second shut-off valve, third
Shut-off valve, the 4th shut-off valve are closed；Sealing plate and remodeling soil contact face smear lubricating grease, steel cylinder inner wall upper sliding sleeve sealing mechanism
It slides and smears lubricating grease in range；
Soil, the water content of manipulated soil are recorded in advance, the manipulated soil stirred evenly containing water are put into space one, sliding sleeve
Sealing mechanism is installed in steel cylinder through space two, and with manipulated soil face contact；Third sealing ring is mounted in the seal groove of steel cylinder,
Lower cover plate and steel cylinder are fixed using third bolt；
First shut-off valve is opened, starting motor drives hydraulic pump rotation, and hydraulic pump inhales liquid reserve tank mesolow liquid through filter core
Enter in hydraulic pump, formed highly pressurised liquid by the road, the first shut-off valve enters in space two and is full of, pressurizes；It is hydraulic by checking
Table manually adjustable pressure regulator valve adjusts liquid pressure value in space two, and surplus liquid flows back to liquid reserve tank through manual pressure regulating valve；
There is press liquid to generate pressure to sliding sleeve sealing mechanism in space two, sliding sleeve sealing mechanism is moved into space one, counterweight
Modeling soil is squeezed, and external pressure is formed；Steel cylinder 8 is overturn 180 °, graduated cylinder is installed in the end of second pipe；
The measurement of manipulated soil Water And Earth Pressures and calculating: second opens shut-off valve, and the Free water in manipulated soil is through drainage paper, limbers
Into the water passage in small space, then enter water pressure gauge through the second shut-off valve, water pressure gauge is shown in manipulated soil at this time freely
Hydraulic pressure force value；The Free water pressure value shown according to water pressure gauge can calculate the soil pressure force value of manipulated soil；
External pressure acts on lower manipulated soil shearing strength measurement: by manually adjusting manual pressure regulating valve for liquid pressing in space two
To required pressure, third shut-off valve is opened, Free water outflow, the closing when water content reaches requirements in manipulated soil in manipulated soil
Third shut-off valve, static pressurization a period of time consolidate manipulated soil；Second bolt is removed, presses cross using measurement torquer
Plate test measurement regulation rotation cross device carries out shear strength test to remoulded sample, obtains manipulated soil shearing strength.
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