CN110397460B

CN110397460B - Anchoring section radial lengthening expansion type resistance-increasing anchor rod

Info

Publication number: CN110397460B
Application number: CN201910563366.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 范斌强; 王亮清; 姜耀飞; 郑罗斌
Original assignee: China University of Geosciences
Current assignee: China University of Geosciences
Priority date: 2019-06-26
Filing date: 2019-06-26
Publication date: 2020-06-26
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-26
Also published as: CN110397460A

Abstract

The invention provides an anchoring section radial lengthening expansion type resistance-increasing anchor rod which comprises a fixed disc, an outer anchor rod, an expansion section and an inner anchor rod, wherein the upper end of the expansion section is connected with the lower end of the outer anchor rod, the inner anchor rod is arranged in the outer anchor rod in a sliding mode, the lower end of the inner anchor rod extends into the expansion section, a second square hole is formed in the expansion section, an expansion mechanism is arranged in the expansion section and connected with the inner anchor rod, and the inner anchor rod drives the expansion mechanism to enable a cutter plate to expand from inside to outside along the second square hole and be inserted into a rock-soil body. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the expansion mechanism in the expansion section is provided with a knife plate and can drive the knife plate to expand in the rock-soil body, and the anchoring section is directly locked in the rock-soil body through the expansion mechanism, so that the anchor rod and the rock-soil body form a whole, and the anchoring force can be effectively improved; on the other hand, after the mortar fails, the anchor rod can still be ensured to transmit the load of the sliding rock-soil body to the deep rock-soil body.

Description

Anchoring section radial lengthening expansion type resistance-increasing anchor rod

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rock-soil body reinforcement, and particularly relates to an anchoring section radial lengthening expansion type resistance-increasing anchor rod.

Background

The anchor rod is an engineering measure widely used for reinforcing rock and soil mass. The anchor rod belongs to a tension rod piece system structure, and the rock-soil body easy to slide is tightly pressed on the deep stable rock-soil body under the action of rod body tension transmission, so that the friction force of the rock-soil body is increased, and the stable state of the shallow rock-soil body is improved.

Most anchor rods provide the anti-pulling force by using the frictional resistance among the anchoring sections, mortar and rock-soil mass, but the limited modulus and strength of mortar materials are difficult to provide enough anti-pulling force; in addition, during the stock is in service, the mortar is volatile effectual drops, leads to the stock can't normally work. In order to solve the problems, engineering technicians invent another type of anchor rod at present, namely, an anchoring section is unfolded and inserted into a rock-soil body, the high-strength and high-modulus characteristics of reinforcing steel bars are utilized to enhance the uplift resistance, and meanwhile, the anchor rod is ensured not to be incapable of transferring load to the rock-soil body due to mortar failure, so that the anchor rod is ensured to be in service stably for a long time.

Chinese patent No. 201610999648.3 discloses a fishbone anchor. However, when the anchor rod is too long, the problem of difficult rotating operation exists, and the strength is insufficient due to the fact that the blade is too thin, and the sufficient pulling resistance cannot be provided. Chinese patent application No. 201711395993.7 discloses a sectional type elastic support recoverable anchor rod. However, the anchor rod is too thin and is not suitable for reinforcing the rock-soil mass in the deep engineering, the expansion mechanism disclosed in the patent can not ensure that the elastic auxiliary support can be smoothly inserted into the rock-soil mass, and in addition, the joint of the elastic auxiliary support and the anchor rod is weak, so that the problem of insufficient strength also exists. In a word, the blade or the subsidiary strength that current stock inserted the ground body are general not enough, and insertion mechanism and the stock body connection site can't bear great load, appear the rupture phenomenon easily, and the effect of reinforcing resistance to plucking is not ideal, is unfavorable for the achievement conversion application of this type of stock in the engineering.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides an anchoring section radial lengthening expansion type resistance-increasing anchor rod, which includes a fixed disk, an outer anchor rod, an expansion section and an inner anchor rod, wherein the fixed disk is fixedly connected to one end of the outer anchor rod, the expansion section is fixedly connected to the other end of the outer anchor rod, the inner anchor rod is slidably disposed in the outer anchor rod, one end of the inner anchor rod is locked to the fixed disk by a fastener, the other end of the inner anchor rod extends into the expansion section, the expansion section is provided with at least one second square hole, an expansion mechanism is disposed in the expansion section, the expansion mechanism includes a longitudinal rod, a force-bearing plate, a plurality of first knife plates, a plurality of second knife plates and a plurality of arc plates, the number of the first knife plates, the second knife plates and the number of the arc plates are the same, the force-bearing plate is fixed to the bottom end of the longitudinal rod, the arc plates are fixed to the, the upper portion of the arc plate is narrow and the lower portion of the arc plate is wide, the blade section of the first blade is supported by the second square hole, the back portion of the first blade is abutted to the upper portion of the arc plate, the second blade is arranged below the first blade, the outer side of the second blade abuts against the inner wall of the expansion section, the inner side of the second blade is hinged to the force bearing plate through a connecting rod, the back portion of the first blade is provided with a first plug-in hole, the outer side face of the second blade is provided with an elastic connecting piece, the longitudinal rod moves upwards to enable the arc plate to push the first blade outwards until the second blade is flush with the first blade, the elastic connecting piece is inserted into the first plug-in hole, the longitudinal rod continues to move upwards, and the connecting rod pushes the second blade to continue to move outwards.

Furthermore, one end of the expansion section, which is far away from the outer anchor rod, is provided with a conical guide cap, and the guide cap is used for guiding the anchor rod when the anchor rod is inserted into a rock-soil body.

Further, be equipped with at least one first square hole and at least one third square hole on the section of expanding, the second quad slit is located between first square hole and the third square hole, first square hole with the third square hole is used for making the thick liquids flow in the section of expanding.

Furthermore, at least one arc-shaped hole is formed in the bearing plate, and the arc-shaped hole is used for enabling the slurry in the expansion section to enter the other side of the bearing plate from one side.

Furthermore, at least one guide rail groove is formed in the inner side of the expansion section, at least one protruding portion is arranged on the outer edge of the bearing plate, the protruding portion is limited in the guide rail groove, and the protruding portion slides along the guide rail groove.

Further, guide rail groove pulley crowd is equipped with guide rail groove both sides, second cutting board both sides are equipped with the draw-in groove, the draw-in groove is spacing in guide rail groove pulley crowd both sides.

Furthermore, each second cutting board is at least provided with a limiting hole, the bearing plate is provided with a fixing block matched with the limiting hole, and the fixing block is used for inserting the second cutting board into the limiting hole after being unfolded and locking the second cutting board.

Further, each first cutting board sword back is equipped with the forked tail protruding portion, each the second cutting board outside is equipped with the forked tail depressed part, the forked tail protruding portion is used for the second cutting board with card is gone into during the first cutting board parallel and level in the forked tail depressed part.

Furthermore, a first articulated shaft is arranged at the joint of the bearing plate and the longitudinal rod, a second articulated shaft is arranged on the inner side of the second knife board, and two ends of the connecting rod are respectively articulated on the first articulated shaft and the second articulated shaft.

Further, the outer anchor rod is internally provided with a roller, the roller is a cylinder with a circular arc concave surface in the middle, rolling shafts are arranged at two ends of the roller, the roller rotates along the rolling shafts, and the circular arc concave surface is in contact with the inner anchor rod.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the expansion mechanism in the expansion section is provided with a knife plate and can drive the knife plate to expand in the rock-soil body, and the anchoring section is directly locked in the rock-soil body through the expansion mechanism, so that the anchor rod and the rock-soil body form a whole, and the anchoring force can be effectively improved; on the other hand, after the mortar fails, the anchor rod can still be ensured to transmit the load of the sliding rock-soil body to the deep rock-soil body.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an anchoring section radial lengthening expansion type resistance-increasing anchor rod of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a first cross-sectional structure of the enlarged segment 5 of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second cross-sectional structure of the enlarged segment 5 in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the roller 12 in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the middle first position-limiting latch 505.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the deployment mechanism 7.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the first cutting board 8.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a first structure of the second cutting board 9.

Fig. 9 is a second structural diagram of the second cutting board 9.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the connecting rod 10.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the elastic connecting member 11.

Fig. 12 is a partially developed view of the first knife board 8.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the first fully-unfolded structure of the first cutting board 8.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a second fully-unfolded structure of the first cutting board 8.

In the figure: 1-fixing the disc; 2-inner anchor rod; 3-locking the nut; 4-outer anchor rod; 5-an expansion section; 6-a guide cap; 7-a deployment mechanism; 8-a first cutting board; 9-a second cutting board; 10-a connecting rod; 11-an elastic connection; 12-a roller; 501-first square hole; 502-a second square aperture; 503-third square hole; 504-bolt limit bar; 505-a first limit latch; 507-guide rail grooves; 508-guide way groove pulley group; 701-longitudinal bar; 702-a second limit bolt; 703-a small bearing platform; 704-large bearing platform; 705-arc guide rail, 706-arc plate; 708-a first articulation axis; 709-bearing plate; 710-fixed block; 711-arc shaped hole; 712-a protrusion; 803-dovetail projection; 804-a plug hole; 901-a second hinge axis; 902-a limiting hole; 903-card slot; 904-dovetail recess; 905-receiving well.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, an anchoring section radially extended spread resistance-increasing anchor comprises: the anchor rod expansion device comprises a fixed disk 1, an inner anchor rod 2, an outer anchor rod 4, an expansion section 5 and an expansion mechanism 7.

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the outer anchor rod 4 and the expansion section 5 are hollow round tubes, the radius of the expansion section 5 is larger than that of the outer anchor rod 4, the fixing plate 1 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer anchor rod 4, the upper end of the expansion section 5 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer anchor rod 4, the lower end of the expansion section 5 is connected with a conical guide cap 6, the guide cap 6 is used for guiding when being inserted into a rock-soil body, the inner anchor rod 2 is arranged in the outer anchor rod 4, the inner anchor rod 2 can axially move along the outer anchor rod 4, the upper end of the inner anchor rod 2 is fixed on the fixing plate 1 through a locking mechanism, the other end of the inner anchor rod 2 extends into the expansion section 5, the locking mechanism is a locking nut 3, the locking nut 3 is connected to the upper end of the inner anchor rod 2 through threads, and locks the inner anchor rod 2 on the fixing plate 1, expansion mechanism 7 set up in expanding section 5, expansion mechanism 7 upper end is connected interior stock 2, evenly be equipped with multiunit gyro wheel 12 along the axial in the outer stock 4, every group gyro wheel 12 includes four gyro wheels 12 that circumference evenly set up, gyro wheel 12 has the cylinder of circular arc depressed face for the middle part, gyro wheel 12 both ends are equipped with the roll axis, the roll axis is rotatable set up in outer stock 4, the circular arc depressed face with interior stock 2 contact, gyro wheel 12 is used for interior stock 2 is in reduce when following endwise slip in the outer stock 4 interior stock 2 is in gliding frictional force between the outer stock 4.

As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the expansion section 5 is provided with three rows of square holes, the first row of square holes is a first square hole 501, the second row of square holes is a second square hole 502, the third row of square holes is a third square hole 503, each row of square holes comprises four square holes arranged along the circumferential direction, the first square hole 501 is close to the lower part of the expansion section 5, the second square hole 502 is close to the middle part of the expansion section 5, the third square hole 503 is close to the upper part of the expansion section 5, the inner wall of the expansion section 5 is provided with four guide rail grooves 507 and four bolt limit strips 504, two sides in each guide rail groove 507 are respectively provided with a guide rail groove pulley group 508, the upper end of each bolt limit strip 504 is fixed on the inner wall of the expansion section 5, the lower end extends inwards, and is sleeved with a first limit bolt 505 downwards, the upper end of the first limit bolt 505 is a cross-shaped groove, the upper end of the first limit bolt 505 is inserted into the lower end of the bolt limit strip 504.

As shown in fig. 3 and 6, the unfolding mechanism 7 includes a longitudinal rod 701, a force bearing plate 709, four first knife plates 8, four second knife plates 9, and four arc plates 706, the upper end of the longitudinal rod 701 is connected to the lower end of the inner anchor rod 2, the lower end of the longitudinal rod 701 is connected to the force bearing plate 709, four first hinge shafts 708 are disposed at the joints of the longitudinal rod 701 and the force bearing plate 709, eight second limit bolts 702 are disposed on the longitudinal rod 701, the arc plates 706 are fixedly disposed on the side walls of the longitudinal rod 701, the second limit bolts 702 are located above the arc guide rails 705, the arc plates 706 are narrow at the upper end and wide at the lower end, the outer surfaces of the arc plates 706 are arc guide rails 705, a small platform 703 is disposed at the upper end of each arc guide rail 705, a large platform 704 is disposed at the lower end, eight fixed blocks 710, four arc holes 711 and four protrusions 412 are disposed on the force bearing plate 709, each the protruding portion 712 is limited in one the guide rail groove 507, the force bearing plate 709 is in the longitudinal rod 701 drives down the protruding portion 712 follows the guide rail groove 507 slides, four the blade portions of the first blade 8 are respectively arranged in four in the second square hole 502, and the second blade 9 is located below the first blade 8.

As shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, a dovetail protrusion 803 and two insertion holes 804 are provided on the back surface of each first knife board 8, the end surface of each dovetail protrusion 803 abuts against a small platform 703, the blade portion of each first knife board 8 is located in one second square hole 502, and every two second limiting bolts 702 are inserted into two sides of one dovetail protrusion 803, the lower end of the first limiting bolt 505 is inserted into the insertion hole 804, the first limiting bolt 505 and the second limiting bolt 702 are used for limiting the first knife board 8, the longitudinal rod 701 drives the arc board 706 to move, the back surface of the first knife board 8 slides from the small platform 703 to the large platform 705 on the arc guide rail 704, the arc board 706 pushes the first knife board 8 outwards, the first knife board 8 breaks away from the limitation of the first limiting bolt 505 and the second limiting bolt 702 and moves outwards along the second square hole 502, thereby being unfolded.

As shown in fig. 3, 10 and 11, a second hinge shaft 901 and two through limiting holes 902 are disposed on an inner side of each second knife board 9, the limiting hole 902 is matched with the fixing block 710, a dovetail recess 904 and two slots 903 are disposed on an outer side of each second knife board 9, the dovetail recess 904 is matched with the dovetail protrusion 803, each second hinge shaft 901 is hinged to one end of a link 10, the other end of the link 10 is hinged to the first hinge shaft 708, an upper end of the second knife board 9 abuts against a lower end surface of the arc board 706, each slot 903 is limited on two sides of each guide rail groove pulley group 508, two receiving holes 905 are disposed on an outer side of each second knife board 9, an elastic connecting element 11 is disposed in each receiving hole 905, one end of the elastic connecting element 11 in a compressed state abuts against the receiving hole 905, the other end of the second knife board 9 abuts against the inner wall of the expansion section 5, the second knife board 9 slides in the guide rail groove 507 along the axial direction of the expansion section 5 under the driving of the connecting rod 10, when the second knife board 9 is level with the first knife board 8, the dovetail protrusion is clamped into the dovetail recess, and meanwhile, one end of the elastic connecting piece 11 is inserted into the plug hole 804 to connect the first knife board 8 and the second knife board 9; when the first knife 8 and the second knife board 9 are completely unfolded, the fixing block 710 is inserted into the limiting hole 902 for locking the second knife board 9.

The working principle of the anchoring section radial lengthening expansion type resistance-increasing anchor rod is as follows:

when not in use, the first knife board 8 leans against the small bearing platform 703 and is positioned in the expanding section 5; the second cutting plate is located within the enlarged section 5.

In use, as shown in fig. 12, a deep hole is drilled in the rock-soil mass, the anchor rod is inserted into the deep hole, and the inner anchor rod 2 is connected with the stretching device through the locking nut 3. After the anchor rod is inserted into the deep hole and completely fixed, an outward lifting force is applied to the inner anchor rod 2, the inner anchor rod 2 drives the longitudinal rod 701 to move outwards, so that the first knife board 8 in the expansion section 5 is gradually separated from the small bearing 703 along the arc guide rail 705, meanwhile, the first knife board 8 moves along the radial direction of the anchor rod, the limitation of the first knife board 8 by the first limiting bolt 505 and the second limiting bolt 702 is removed, and the first knife board 8 penetrates through the second square hole 502 along the radial direction of the anchor rod and is outwards unfolded and inserted into a rock-soil body; the second knife board 9 moves upwards along the guide rail groove pulley group 508 under the action of the pulling force of the connecting rod 10, the longitudinal rod 701 is continuously pulled outwards, at the moment, the first knife board 8 is continuously unfolded from the second square hole 502 along the arc guide rail 705 in the radial direction, when the first knife board 8 relatively moves to the large bearing platform 704, the arc guide rail 705 does not provide radial propelling force for the first knife board any more, the first knife board 8 is fixed and cannot move due to the extrusion effect of rock-soil bodies, and at the moment, the dovetail protrusion 803 and the plug hole 804 of the first knife board 8 are just overlapped with the inner wall of the expanding section 5.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the longitudinal rod 701 is further pulled outwards, the dovetail recess 904 of the second knife board 9 is engaged with the dovetail protrusion 803 of the first knife board 8, the elastic connecting element 11 in the second knife board 9 in a compressed state is inserted into the insertion hole 804 of the first knife board 8, and the two knife boards form an integral knife board which is in a cantilever beam structure in a mechanical structure and can bear force and moment in any direction without moving and rotating; the longitudinal rod 701 is continuously pulled outwards, the connecting rod 10 makes a circular motion relative to the first hinge shaft 708, the second knife board 9 is pushed to be further expanded and inserted into the soil body continuously along the radial direction until the connecting rod 10 is parallel to the bearing board 709, the fixing block 710 on the bearing board 709 is inserted into the limiting hole 902 of the second knife board 9, and at the moment, the two knife boards are in a completely expanded state; locking the inner anchor rod 2 on the fixed disc 1 by the locking nut 3 to prevent the inner anchor rod 2 from falling; and finally, grouting mortar, slurry or cement slurry into the hole, wherein the slurry flows into the expansion section 5 from the first square hole 501 and the third square hole 503, fills the expansion section 5 through the arc-shaped hole 711, and solidifies the anchor rod body in the rock-soil body.

In this document, the terms front, back, upper and lower are used to define the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are used for clarity and convenience of the technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims.

The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a radial extension expansion increase of anchor section hinders stock which characterized in that: the anchor rod expanding device comprises a fixed disc, an outer anchor rod, an expanding section and an inner anchor rod, wherein the fixed disc is fixedly connected with one end of the outer anchor rod, the expanding section is fixedly connected with the other end of the outer anchor rod, the inner anchor rod is arranged in the outer anchor rod in a sliding manner, one end of the inner anchor rod is locked on the fixed disc through a fastener, the other end of the inner anchor rod extends into the expanding section, at least one second square hole is formed in the expanding section, an expanding mechanism is arranged in the expanding section and comprises a longitudinal rod, a bearing plate, a plurality of first knife plates, a plurality of second knife plates and a plurality of arc plates, the number of the first knife plates, the number of the second knife plates and the number of the arc plates are the same, the bearing plate is fixed at the bottom end of the longitudinal rod, the arc plates are fixed on the side wall of the longitudinal rod and are arranged above the bearing plate, the arc plates are narrow and wide at the bottom, the back of the first knife board is abutted to the upper portion of the circular arc board, the second knife board is arranged below the first knife board, the outer side of the second knife board abuts against the inner wall of the expansion section, the inner side of the second knife board is hinged to the force bearing board through a connecting rod, a first inserting hole is formed in the back of the first knife board, an elastic connecting piece is arranged on the outer side face of the second knife board, the longitudinal rod moves upwards to enable the circular arc board to push the first knife board outwards until the second knife board is flush with the first knife board, the elastic connecting piece is inserted into the first inserting hole, the longitudinal rod continues to move upwards, and the connecting rod pushes the second knife board to continue to move outwards.

2. The anchor rod of claim 1, wherein the anchoring section is radially extended and expanded to increase resistance, and the anchor rod is characterized in that: one end of the expansion section, which is far away from the outer anchor rod, is provided with a conical guide cap, and the guide cap is used for guiding the anchor rod when the anchor rod is inserted into a rock-soil body.

3. The anchor rod of claim 1, wherein the anchoring section is radially extended and expanded to increase resistance, and the anchor rod is characterized in that: the expanding section is provided with at least one first square hole and at least one third square hole, the second square hole is located between the first square hole and the third square hole, and the first square hole and the third square hole are used for enabling slurry to flow into the expanding section.

4. The anchor rod of claim 1, wherein the anchoring section is radially extended and expanded to increase resistance, and the anchor rod is characterized in that: the bearing plate is provided with at least one arc-shaped hole, and the arc-shaped hole is used for enabling the slurry in the expansion section to enter the other side from one side of the bearing plate.

5. The anchor rod of claim 1, wherein the anchoring section is radially extended and expanded to increase resistance, and the anchor rod is characterized in that: the inner side of the expansion section is provided with at least one guide rail groove, the outer edge of the bearing plate is provided with at least one protruding part, the protruding part is limited in the guide rail groove, and the protruding part slides along the guide rail groove.

6. The anchor rod of claim 5, wherein the anchoring section is radially extended and expanded to increase resistance, and the anchoring section comprises: guide rail groove pulley crowd is equipped with to guide rail groove both sides, second cutting board both sides are equipped with the draw-in groove, the draw-in groove is spacing in guide rail groove pulley crowd both sides.

7. The anchor rod of claim 1, wherein the anchoring section is radially extended and expanded to increase resistance, and the anchor rod is characterized in that: each second cutting board is at least provided with a limiting hole, the bearing board is provided with a fixing block matched with the limiting hole, and the fixing block is used for inserting the second cutting board into the limiting hole after being unfolded and locking the second cutting board.

8. The anchor rod of claim 1, wherein the anchoring section is radially extended and expanded to increase resistance, and the anchor rod is characterized in that: each first cutting board sword back is equipped with the forked tail protruding portion, each the second cutting board outside is equipped with the forked tail depressed part, the forked tail protruding portion is used for the second cutting board with card is gone into during the first cutting board parallel and level in the forked tail depressed part.

9. The anchor rod of claim 1, wherein the anchoring section is radially extended and expanded to increase resistance, and the anchor rod is characterized in that: the bearing plate is connected with the longitudinal rod through a first hinge shaft, a second hinge shaft is arranged on the inner side of the second knife board, and two ends of the connecting rod are hinged to the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft respectively.

10. The anchor rod of claim 1, wherein the anchoring section is radially extended and expanded to increase resistance, and the anchor rod is characterized in that: the anchor rod is characterized in that rollers are arranged in the outer anchor rod and are cylinders with arc-shaped concave surfaces in the middle, rolling shafts are arranged at two ends of each roller, the rollers rotate along the rolling shafts, and the arc-shaped concave surfaces are in contact with the inner anchor rod.