CN1103894C - 嵌入式地下照明器 - Google Patents

嵌入式地下照明器 Download PDF

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CN1103894C
CN1103894C CN97193946A CN97193946A CN1103894C CN 1103894 C CN1103894 C CN 1103894C CN 97193946 A CN97193946 A CN 97193946A CN 97193946 A CN97193946 A CN 97193946A CN 1103894 C CN1103894 C CN 1103894C
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embeddedly
descends
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semiconductor element
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CN1216604A (zh
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米歇尔·范德伦
琼-克劳德·范德伍尔德
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Abstract

一种机场照明装置，尤其是嵌入式地下照明器，但也包括白色或其它信号颜色，如红、绿、蓝、黄色的限制障碍标识或告警发光装置，其中半导体元件，尤其是LED-发光二极管被用来作为光源，它们至少被设置成一束(组)。

Description

嵌入式地下照明器
                          技术领域
本发明涉及一种白色或其它信号颜色，如红、绿、蓝、黄色的嵌入式地下照明器。
                          背景技术
现有形式的机场地下照明装置，尤其是作为机场起、落跑道和出租车道的标识通常采用白炽灯或钨丝卤素灯作为光源。
当照明或信号装置应发射带有某种确定颜色的光时(这一点尤其在机场交通控制中起着很重要的作用)，这种形式的光源就必须与光学辐射滤镜相结合。由于为了产生颜色，必须将由白炽灯或钨丝卤素灯所发射的一定量的，有时相当大的一部分光滤掉，因而这类照明装置的结构应能使本不需要的光所产生的比较大的热量排散开。此外这种形式的照明装置只有相对很低的能源效率，因为在整个照明装置所产生的光中只有相对很少的部分被发射成所需要的颜色。
                         发明内容
本发明的目的在于，创造一种上述类型的嵌入式地下照明器，并使其具有较高的能源效率，较紧凑的结构和较长的寿命。
本发明的目的是这样来实现的，即，作为嵌入式地下照明器的光源采用了半导体元件，它们设置成至少一束或一组。
优选的是，用作光源的半导体元件是LED-发光二极管。
作为光源的这种形式的半导体元件目前可以采用明亮或超亮LED。这种形式的嵌入式地下照明器尤其适合安装在机场上。本发明嵌入式地下照明器的使用具有这种可能性，即，所需的颜色信号通过该嵌入式地下照明器的光源而无需附加的光学辐射滤镜就可产生。这种形式的半导体元件可以在很低与很高的电位之间进行调节，其中，相应的半导体所发射光的波长范围不仅其位置而且其宽度都是恒定不变的。因此按照本发明作为光源的半导体元件仅产生与所需颜色信号相对应的色光能。除了可见光范围外按照本发明作为光源的半导体元件几乎不产生能量，特别是只产生很少量的，不可感知的红外和紫外射线。在本发明的嵌入式地下照明器中，在将嵌入式地下照明器工作所需的能量转换成光能时具有很高的效率。这种效果通过本发明可能放弃色滤镜被提高了，因为色滤镜的使用自然伴随能量的衰减。与白炽灯或钨丝卤素灯在秒级内调整相比，以半导体元件作为结构基础的本发明嵌入式地下照明器的光源可在微秒级内调整；这种特性在以此嵌入式地下照明器构成机场的信号或标识装置时具有特别重要的意义。以半导体元件所构成的光源的预期寿命比白炽灯或钨丝卤素灯的预期寿命高一个数量级。本发明嵌入式地下照明器的维护与备件费用比现有技术显著降低。
本发明嵌入式地下照明器的合理结构形式使维护工作进一步简化，其中的束组是一可更换的单元，它们尤其可以制成弹筒形式。有缺陷的束组的替换或更换可以最低的费用实现。
各束组或弹筒状部件采用浇铸或压铸的形式制成，其中材料可以采用再生塑料，此外该材料还应有好的导热性和抗压性。这种非金属材料不仅能够作为充填料而且有时也要作为基体结构或本发明嵌入式地下照明器的外壳，由于半导体元件作为本发明照明装置光源只应用于一般温度下，这种材料也能长期无功能障碍地承受这种温度。因此可以实现按照本发明的耐腐蚀的嵌入式地下照明器，其制造费用远远低于按照现有技术制造的嵌入式地下照明器，在现有技术中上述材料的使用是不适用的，因为在那里作为光源的钨丝卤素灯和白炽灯要产生很高的温度。通过使用非金属材料作为充填料而且有时也用来制造本发明嵌入式地下照明器使电腐蚀在实际上被完全消除，因为所使用的是电绝缘材料。由于采用了这种具有可塑性的合理材料能够使投入费用显著降低。所用的这种材料可以作为热导体，由此将光源产生的辐射热传到嵌入式地下照明器壳体外壁，并能传给跑道。如同上面所提到的，由于本发明嵌入式地下照明器的整个基体或整个壳体是一绝缘体，而不再需要费用去构造单独的绝缘体。
如果本发明嵌入式地下照明器的束组或弹筒状部件构成备用(reduntant)的工作***部件，可以实现本发明嵌入式地下照明器的结构由所布置的电控的各个装置组成，其中，由于这些电控装置的备用(reduntant)运行可以可靠排除本发明嵌入式地下照明器的全部失效。至少有相当多的束组在备用(reduntant)设施中保持其功能性。
通过相应的调控，可以使本发明嵌入式地下照明器通过不同颜色的混合产生白光，或通过适宜的特殊半导体元件的发射产生彩色光，可随意调整由嵌入式地下照明器所发射光的色彩和/或强度。
在此本发明嵌入式地下照明器最好具有一可控制的能源，通过这个能源可以实现嵌入式地下照明器的照度调整和/或快速通断。
如果各半导体元件应用无灯座形式的，只需很少的费用就可实现本发明嵌入式地下照明器。
各半导体元件最好设计成可全自动化或半自动化工作。
当本发明嵌入式地下照明器的半导体元件被深埋进敞开光出口的充填体时，使得飞机与跑道之间的负荷传递被大大改善，因为此时不再需要空的对流空间，而按照现有技术的地下照明器，其一般具有金属外壳，则需要较高的对流空间。
一旦在构成嵌入式地下照明器光源的半导体元件前面设置一特别容易清洁的盖板等物，用于影响光发射，特别是用于聚束和确定光发射方向，可以实现光线折射和全反射，以保证照明装置射出的光线最佳。由此可以满足不同的要求。只要光学元件的外表面是光滑而坚硬的，本发明嵌入式地下照明器就可以用很低的费用来清洁打扫。
按照本发明嵌入式地下照明器的有利结构，半导体元件，例如LED-发光二极管尤其以弹筒形式集合成组或成束，与嵌入式地下照明器的外壳一起构成一坚固的单元。
具有优点的方式是LED-发光二极管也可以由有机材料，如塑料所制成。
                        附图说明
下面借助附图所示实施形式对本发明作进一步的详细说明，附图中：
图1为本发明嵌入式地下照明器的原理图；
图2为本发明嵌入式地下照明器集束状组件的正视原理图；
图3为图2所示集束状组件的侧视原理图；
图4为图2和图3所示集束状组件的俯视原理图。
                        具体实施方式
图1所示本发明嵌入式地下照明器具有一装在装置体内或装置壳体1内的半导体光源2。在半导体光源2前面装有一光学装置3用于光线的生成。由半导体光源2所发出的光在通过光滑的外表面5从照明装置中射出之前，在全反射表面4上被全部反射。
半导体光源2由集束组件6组合而成，图2至图4基本给出了其中一束组件的原理图。属于这束组件6的半导体元件7在图示实施例中以上下两行相互并列设置。一个集束6中的半导体元件7装在同一个元件支座8上，该支座半导体元件一侧的表面由反射面9构成，以便由半导体元件7在反方向上发射出的很少部分射线向集束组件6的前侧开孔面偏转。前侧开孔面借助玻璃片10被封闭。
如前所述，容纳所设置的半导体元件7的空间尽可能地由一透明的塑料材料11充满，其中，在半导体元件7朝向玻璃片10的输出侧端部的前面有一空腔12，该空腔相对于容纳前述集束组件6的空间要小。

Claims (19)

1.一种白色或其它信号颜色，如红、绿、蓝或黄色的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：采用半导体元件作光源，它们设置成至少一束或一组。
2.按照权利要求1所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于，所述半导体元件是LED-发光二极管。
3.按照权利要求1所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：每一束组最好是一种主要为弹药筒结构形式的可更换的单元。
4.按照权利要求1所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：各束组或弹药筒采用浇铸或压铸制成，尤其是由一种再生塑料浇铸或压铸而成。
5.按照权利要求4所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：这种塑料构成良好的热传导。
6.按照权利要求4所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：这种塑料被设计成抗压。
7.按照权利要求5所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：束组或弹筒状部件构成备用的工作***部件。
8.按照权利要求1所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：借助该嵌入式地下照明器并通过不同颜色光的混合产生白光，或通过适宜的发射光的特殊半导体元件产生彩色光。
9.按照权利要求1所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：该嵌入式地下照明器具有一可控制的能源，这个能源可以实现照度调整和/或快速通断。
10.按照权利要求1所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：各半导体元件是无灯座形式的。
11.按照权利要求1所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：各半导体元件是可全自动或半自动工作的。
12.按照权利要求1所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：所述半导体元件被深埋进敞开光出口的充填体内。
13.按照权利要求12所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：在半导体元件前面设置一特别容易清洁的盖板等物，用于影响光发射。
14.按照权利要求1所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于，该嵌入式地下照明器被用在障碍物上。
15.按照权利要求14所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：在该用在障碍物上的嵌入式地下照明器中，集束成组的半导体元件与照明器外壳一起构成一坚固的单元。
16.按照权利要求15所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：所述半导体元件象弹药筒那样集束成组。
17.按照权利要求16所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：所述半导体元件为LED-发光二极管。
18.按照权利要求17所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：所述LED-发光二极管由无机的或有机材料制成。
19.按照权利要求18所述的嵌入式地下照明器，其特征在于：所述有机材料是塑料。
CN97193946A 1996-05-23 1997-05-23 嵌入式地下照明器 Expired - Fee Related CN1103894C (zh)

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CN97193946A Expired - Fee Related CN1103894C (zh) 1996-05-23 1997-05-23 嵌入式地下照明器
CN97196626A Pending CN1226311A (zh) 1996-05-23 1997-05-23 用于在飞机场的交通面上发信号以及标志或者标记飞机场交通面的发光设备

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