CN110389289A - insulation fault detection method and control device - Google Patents
insulation fault detection method and control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110389289A CN110389289A CN201810350451.6A CN201810350451A CN110389289A CN 110389289 A CN110389289 A CN 110389289A CN 201810350451 A CN201810350451 A CN 201810350451A CN 110389289 A CN110389289 A CN 110389289A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/14—Circuits therefor, e.g. for generating test voltages, sensing circuits
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of electric automobiles, and discloses an insulation fault detection method and a control device. The method comprises the following steps: setting a first detection time and a second detection time; the first detection time and the second detection time are respectively the time length required by the insulation fault detection circuit to reach a stable state in a first connection state and a second connection state when the resistance value of the insulation resistor is a preset fault threshold value; switching the insulation fault detection circuit to a first connection state and sampling from a detection point to obtain a first voltage value when first detection time is reached; switching to a second connection state and sampling from the detection point to obtain a second voltage value when reaching a second detection time; calculating an estimated resistance value of the insulation resistor at least according to the first voltage value and the second voltage value; and obtaining a fault detection result according to the estimated resistance value and the fault threshold value. The embodiment of the invention also provides a control device. The embodiment of the invention can shorten the time for confirming the insulation fault and report the insulation fault quickly.
Description
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to detection technique fields, in particular to insulation failure detection method and control device.
Background technique
Electric car replacing fuel oil automobile has become the trend of car industry development, the mileages of continuation of battery pack, service life
And it is all particularly important using the use to electric car such as safe.Critical component one of of the battery pack as electric car,
The safety of its high-voltage electricity must necessarily be placed in one of overriding concern object of battery pack system, therefore, to electric automobile insulating performance
Detection be design in essential a part.
The most commonly used is bridge balance methods at this stage, by distinguishing between the anode and ground by battery pack, between cathode and ground
Detection branch (detection branch includes mega-ohms resistance) in parallel, by carrying out voltage sample to detection branch, and passes through partial pressure side
Formula seeks the resistance value (including positive insulation resistance and negative insulation resistance) of the insulation resistance for calculating battery pack.Actual use
In, since what is be more concerned about is insulation situation in the lower situation of insulation resistance, usually require that the insulation resistance reported
Resistance value need to only meet in a certain range to be reported according to actual value, after exceeding, reports maximum value.
At least there are the following problems in the prior art for inventor's discovery: in bridge balance method, needing until detection branch
It just can be carried out voltage sample after voltage stabilization；Also, not influence vehicle actual insulation, the resistance accessed in detection branch cannot
It is too small, to cause RC time constant larger, so that voltage stabilization is longer.Therefore, voltage settling time is longer results in sampling
Period is longer, and then the failure report cycle for resulting in electric car is longer, is unfavorable for finding insulation fault in time.
Summary of the invention
Embodiment of the present invention is designed to provide a kind of insulation failure detection method and control device, can shorten absolutely
Edge fault confirming time, quickly reports insulation fault.
In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a kind of insulation failure detection method, comprising: set
Determine step, include, sets the first detection time and the second detection time；First detection time, second detection time
It is when the resistance value of the insulation resistance of battery pack is preset fault threshold respectively, the insulation fault connecting with the battery pack is examined
Slowdown monitoring circuit is under the first connection status, duration needed for reaching stable state under the second connection status；Detecting step, the inspection
Surveying step includes, and the insulation failure detection circuit is switched to first connection status, and reach first detection
When the time, the first voltage value is obtained from the detection point sampling of the insulation failure detection circuit；By the insulation failure detection electricity
Road switches to second connection status, and when reaching second detection time, obtains second from the detection point sampling
Voltage value；According at least to the first voltage value and the second voltage value, the estimation resistance value of the insulation resistance is calculated；According to
The estimation resistance value and the fault threshold, obtain failure detection result.
Embodiments of the present invention additionally provide a kind of control device, comprising: at least one processor；And with it is described
The memory of at least one processor communication connection；Wherein, the memory, which is stored with, to be held by least one described processor
Capable instruction, described instruction are executed by least one described processor so that at least one described processor be able to carry out it is above-mentioned
Insulation failure detection method.
Embodiment of the present invention in terms of existing technologies, by the resistance value of insulation resistance be preset fault threshold when,
Insulation failure detection circuit under the first connection status, duration needed for reaching stable state under the second connection status is as first
Detection time, the second detection time.Since the resistance value of insulation resistance is smaller, detection time is smaller, and preset failure in this case
Threshold value be necessarily smaller than battery pack it is in a safe condition when insulation resistance actual resistance (in the prior art according to the reality of insulation resistance
The first detection time of border computing the resistor value and the second detection time), so compared with the existing technology, in embodiment of the present invention
One detection time and the second detection time all become smaller, and therefore, the sum of the first detection time and the second detection time are used as one
It in the insulation failure detection period, also reduces；So as to shorten insulation fault acknowledging time, insulation fault is quickly reported.Also, by
It in the first detection time, the second detection time is set according to fault threshold, the estimation resistance value of insulation resistance is according to first
Detection time, the second detection time carry out voltage sample and calculate, so, the estimation resistance value fault threshold of insulation resistance
Size relation, the actual resistance of insulation resistance and the size relation of fault threshold can be accurately reflected, it can guarantee therefore
Hinder the detection accuracy of Near Threshold.
In addition, first detection time, second detection time are according to the fault threshold and the battery
The Y capacitance of packet is calculated.In the present embodiment, the first detection time, the second detection time are obtained by the way of calculating, more
Quickly, conveniently.
In addition, the calculation of the Y capacitance, comprising: the insulation failure detection circuit is switched to described first and is connected
State is connect, obtains the first steady state voltage value from the detection point sampling of the insulation failure detection circuit；According to first stable state
The sampling instant of voltage value calculates the first time constant of the insulation failure detection circuit；By the insulation failure detection circuit
Second connection status is switched to, obtains the second steady state voltage value from the detection point sampling of the insulation failure detection circuit；
The second time constant of the insulation failure detection circuit is calculated according to the sampling instant of second steady state voltage value；At least root
According to first steady state voltage and second steady state voltage, the actual resistance of the insulation resistance is calculated；According to the insulation
The actual resistance of resistance, the first time constant and second time constant, calculate the Y capacitance.In the present embodiment,
The Y capacitance of vehicle is calculated by the steady state voltage value sampled to the vehicle.Since Y capacitance is by vehicle environment and load
Equipment is affected, and each vehicle of same vehicle models is actually also to have differences, accordingly, with respect to same in the prior art
It, can be to each vehicle for the Y capacitance of one vehicle models obtains by laboratory actual measurement and uses the scheme of same measured value
Individually calculate Y capacitance so that the Y capacitance of each vehicle is more accurate, so that the first detection time and the second detection time
Setting it is more accurate.
In addition, the first branch and the second branch are respectively provided with the test point；It is described from the insulation
The detection point sampling of fault detection circuit obtains the first voltage value, specifically, obtaining two institutes from two detection point samplings
State the first voltage value；It is described to obtain second voltage value from the detection point sampling, specifically, being obtained from two detection point samplings
To two second voltage values；It is described according at least to the first voltage value and the second voltage value, calculate the insulation
The estimation resistance value of resistance, specifically, calculating the insulation according to two the first voltage values and two second voltage values
The estimation resistance value of resistance.In the present embodiment, a kind of specific acquisition methods of the estimation resistance value of insulation resistance are provided.
In addition, the first branch has the test point, alternatively, the second branch has the test point；It is described
According at least to the first voltage value and the second voltage value, the estimation resistance value of the insulation resistance is calculated, specifically: according to
The cell voltage of the first voltage value, the second voltage value and the battery pack of acquisition, calculates the insulation resistance
Estimation resistance value.In the present embodiment, the specific acquisition methods of another kind of the estimation resistance value of insulation resistance are provided.
In addition, the method also includes executing the setting step when reaching the preset detection time update cycle again
Suddenly.In the present embodiment, in the case that Y capacitance is obtained using calculation, Y can be updated again according to vehicle actual conditions
Parameter, and then update the first detection time and the second detection time.I.e., it is possible to when according to the first detection of adjustment of vehicle actual conditions
Between and the second detection time, avoid causing because of situations such as vehicle device aging, capacitance drift influences and causes to initially set up
First detection time and the second detection time and the unmatched situation of current vehicle condition, so as to improve insulation fault inspection
Survey the accuracy in vehicle life cycle.
Detailed description of the invention
One or more embodiments are illustrated by the picture in corresponding attached drawing, these exemplary theorys
The bright restriction not constituted to embodiment, the element in attached drawing with same reference numbers label are expressed as similar element, remove
Non- to have special statement, composition does not limit the figure in attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the insulation failure detection method of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2A is that the insulation failure detection circuit of first embodiment of the invention is in the schematic diagram of the first connection status；
Fig. 2 B is that the insulation failure detection circuit of first embodiment of the invention is in the schematic diagram of the second connection status；
Fig. 3 is that the insulation failure detection circuit in first embodiment of the invention is connected under same connection status
The resistance value of insulation resistance is the voltage stabilization curve graph in the case where different size；
Fig. 4 be test point in second embodiment of the invention quantity be two when, the process of insulation failure detection method
Figure；
Fig. 5 be test point in second embodiment of the invention quantity be one when, the process of insulation failure detection method
Figure；
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of Y capacitance calculation in the insulation failure detection method of third embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the block diagram of the control device of fifth embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention
Each embodiment be explained in detail.However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that in each embodiment party of the present invention
In formula, in order to make the reader understand this application better, many technical details are proposed.But even if without these technical details
And various changes and modifications based on the following respective embodiments, the application technical solution claimed also may be implemented.
The first embodiment of the present invention is related to a kind of insulation failure detection methods, include setting procedure and detecting step.
It is the flow chart of insulation failure detection method according to the present embodiment as shown in Figure 1, wherein setting procedure includes step 101,
Detecting step includes step 102~105.
Step 101: the first detection time of setting and the second detection time.Wherein, the first detection time, the second detection time
It is when the resistance value of the insulation resistance of battery pack is preset fault threshold respectively, the insulation failure detection connecting with battery pack is electric
Road is under the first connection status, duration needed for reaching stable state under the second connection status.
Step 102: insulation failure detection circuit is switched into the first connection status, and when reaching the first detection time,
The first voltage value is obtained from the detection point sampling of insulation failure detection circuit.
Step 103: insulation failure detection circuit is switched into the second connection status, and when reaching the second detection time,
Second voltage value is obtained from detection point sampling.
Step 104: according at least to the first voltage value and second voltage value, calculating the estimation resistance value of insulation resistance；
Step 105: according to estimation resistance value and fault threshold, obtaining failure detection result.
Embodiment of the present invention in terms of existing technologies, by the resistance value of insulation resistance be preset fault threshold when,
Insulation failure detection circuit under the first connection status, duration needed for reaching stable state under the second connection status is as first
Detection time, the second detection time.Since the resistance value of insulation resistance is smaller, detection time is smaller, and preset failure in this case
Threshold value be necessarily smaller than battery pack it is in a safe condition when insulation resistance actual resistance, and in the prior art according to insulation resistance
Actual resistance calculates the first detection time and the second detection time, so compared with the existing technology, in embodiment of the present invention
First detection time and the second detection time all become smaller, and therefore, the sum of the first detection time and the second detection time are used as one
It in a insulation failure detection period, also reduces；So as to shorten insulation fault acknowledging time, insulation fault is quickly reported.Also,
Since the first detection time, the second detection time are set according to fault threshold, the estimation resistance value of insulation resistance is according to
One detection time, the second detection time carry out voltage sample and calculate, so, the estimation resistance value failure threshold of insulation resistance
The size relation of value can accurately reflect the actual resistance of insulation resistance and the size relation of fault threshold, it can guarantee
Detection accuracy near fault threshold.
The realization details of the insulation failure detection method of present embodiment is specifically described below, the following contents is only
For convenience of the realization details provided is understood, not implement the necessary of this programme.
The insulation failure detection method of present embodiment is applied to control device, and control device passes through insulation failure detection electricity
The insulation fault of battery pack is detected on road.Wherein, battery pack can be the battery pack in electric car, present embodiment and
Subsequent each embodiment is illustrated as example；So it is not limited thereto.In present embodiment, insulation failure detection circuit can be with
It is arranged on the circuit board in electric car, control device can be the master controller of microcontroller either electric car.
The first connection status, the second connection are in as Fig. 2A, 2B show the insulation failure detection circuit in the present embodiment
The schematic diagram of state.Wherein, U indicates battery pack, and Rp indicates that the positive insulation resistance of battery pack, Rn indicate that the cathode of battery pack is exhausted
Edge resistance, Cp, Cn indicate the Y capacitance of battery pack；Here Rp, Rn is equivalent resistance, and the resistive element of non-actual existence,
Cp, Cn are equivalent capacitys, and the capacity cell of non-actual existence.It should be noted that in the present embodiment, since battery pack is
It is mounted in electric car, so, each component influences of Cp, Cn by electric car, that is, Cp, Cn are understood as electricity
Equivalent capacity when Chi Bao is in current environment.
Insulation failure detection circuit 10 includes the first branch, second branch, third branch and the 4th branch；The first branch
One end be connected to the anode of battery pack U and the other end is connected to ground terminal, one end of second branch is connected to the negative of battery pack U
The pole and other end is connected to ground terminal；Third branch is connected in parallel with the first branch, and the 4th branch is connected in parallel with second branch.
Specifically, the first branch includes first resistor R1 and second resistance R2, the first end of first resistor R1 is connected to
The anode of battery pack U, the second end of first resistor R1 are connected to the first end of second resistance R2, and the second end of second resistance R2 connects
It is connected to ground terminal GND.Second branch includes 3rd resistor R3 and the 4th resistance R4, and the first end of the 4th resistance R4 is connected to electronic
The cathode of the battery pack U of automobile, the second end of the 4th resistance R4 are connected to the first end of 3rd resistor R3, and the of 3rd resistor R3
Two ends are connected to ground terminal GND.Preferably, the first branch can also include first switch SW1, second branch can also be comprising the
(position, second switch SW2 position in second branch of the first switch SW1 in the first branch is not limited to two switch SW2
Shown in Fig. 2A).Third branch includes upper arm resistance R0 and third switch SW3, and the first end of upper arm resistance R0 is connected to the
The second end of the first end of one resistance R1, upper arm resistance R0 is connected to ground terminal GND by third switch SW3.4th branch
Comprising lower bridge arm resistance R0 and the 4th switch SW4, the first end of lower bridge arm resistance R0 is connected to the first end of the 4th resistance R4, under
The second end of arm resistance R0 is connected to ground terminal GND by the 4th switch SW4.The bodyshell or circuit board of electric car
On ground terminal can be used as above-mentioned ground terminal GND.Wherein, first resistor R1, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, the 4th electricity
Hinder R4, upper arm resistance R0, lower bridge arm resistance R0 resistance value be it is known that it may be set according to actual conditions (not influence
Vehicle actual insulation, these resistance are typically all mega-ohms resistance).First switch SW1, second switch SW2, third switch SW3,
4th switch SW4 is by the control of control device.
Insulation failure detection circuit 10 in Fig. 2A, 2B is to be designed with bridge balance method for foundation, and of the invention is each
It is illustrated for the insulation failure detection circuit shown in Fig. 2A, 2B in embodiment, but the present invention does not appoint this
What is limited；All any circuit forms based on the design of bridge balance method can be applied in the present embodiment insulate for realizing
Fault detection method.
In a step 101, a fault threshold has been preset, which refers to that battery pack is in a safe condition
The minimum value of the insulation resistance of (leak current fault will not occur for battery pack), the fault threshold can be set according to national standard or system
The setting of meter demand.Wherein, insulation resistance includes anode insulation resistance Rp and negative insulation resistance Rn, in the present embodiment, is insulated
The resistance value of resistance is that preset fault threshold refers to that positive insulation resistance Rp, negative insulation resistance Rn are equal to fault threshold.Therefore
First detection time refers to when the positive insulation resistance Rp of battery pack, the resistance value of negative insulation resistance Rn are equal to fault threshold
When, duration needed for insulation failure detection circuit reaches stable state under the first connection status, the second detection time refers to
When the resistance value of the positive insulation resistance Rp of battery pack, negative insulation resistance Rn are equal to fault threshold, insulation failure detection electricity
Duration needed for road reaches stable state under the second connection status.
Preferably, fault threshold can be set according to the required precision to fault threshold.For example, required precision is x%,
Fault threshold is Riso, then the fault threshold set according to required precision floats fault threshold as Riso* (1+x%)
X%；It can prevent that the estimation resistance value for calculating insulation resistance is bigger than normal and insulation fault is caused to be not detected among out, so as to
More reliably to carry out insulation failure detection, (in general, fault threshold positively biased is that comparison is safe, and negative bias may have wind
Danger).Wherein, the specific value of required precision x% can be set according to actual needs.
Insulation failure detection circuit 10 can be cut between the first connection status (Fig. 2A) and the second connection status (Fig. 2 B)
It changes.One of them of third branch and the 4th branch are chosen to be handoff leg；In first connection status, the first branch, second
Branch access, and third branch, the 4th branch disconnect；In second connection status, the first branch, second branch access, and switch
Branch access.Switch SW3, SW4 control third branch respectively, the 4th branch is switched in or out.
Wherein, in the first connection status and the second connection status, the first branch, second branch are in access shape
The effect of state, first switch SW1 and second switch SW2 is, without when carrying out insulation failure detection, by the first branch, the
Two branches are disconnected with battery pack.It should be noted that be in Fig. 2A, 2B using third branch as handoff leg for illustrate
Two kinds of connection status of circuit out, so with no restriction.
In the present embodiment, the first detection time, the second detection time can be according to the Y capacitances of fault threshold and battery pack
It is calculated, it can be calculated using the calculation formula of time constant.Insulation failure detection circuit 10 in Fig. 2A, 2B,
Time constant calculation formula under the first connection status and the second connection status are as follows:
The time constant of first connection status, Tc1=(R1+R2) // (R3+R4) //Rp//Rn* (Cp+Cn) formula (1)
The time constant of second connection status, Tc2=(R1+R2) // (R3+R4) //Rp//Rn//R0* (Cp+Cn) formula (2)
Wherein, Rp, Rn are preset fault threshold Riso, i.e. Rp=Rn=Riso；
In the present embodiment, Y capacitance Cp, Cn can be obtained by actual measurement, thus,
The calculation formula of first detection time T1 is T1=(R1+R2) // (R3+R4) //Riso//Riso* (Cp+Cn)
The calculation formula of second detection time T2 is T2=(R1+R2) // (R3+R4) //Riso//Riso//R0* (Cp+
Cn)
In other examples, the first detection time, the second detection time can also be by directly measuring to obtain.For example, base
It is tested in the battery pack of the resistance value Rp=Rn=Riso of an insulation resistance, first controls insulation failure detection circuit and enter the
One connection status, sampling obtain the burning voltage under the first connection status and record the corresponding sampling instant of the burning voltage, will
The difference for entering the moment of the sampling instant and the first connection status is as the first detection time T1；By insulation failure detection method by
First connection status switches into the second connection status, and sampling obtains the burning voltage under the second connection status and records the stabilization
The corresponding sampling instant of voltage, using the difference for entering the moment of the sampling instant and the second connection status as the second detection time
T2。
The first detection time, the second detection time are obtained by the way of calculating in the present embodiment, relative to by direct
For measurement obtains the first detection time, the second detection time, more quickly, conveniently (without being pre-designed an insulation resistance
Resistance value Rp=Rn=Riso battery pack).
In step 102 and step 103, insulation failure detection circuit 10 the first connection status and the second connection status it
Between when switching, the first detection time T1 is as the first connection status to the switching cycle of the second connection status, the second detection time
T2 is as the second connection status to the switching cycle of the first connection status.
When detection starts, first connection status of the control entrance of insulation failure detection circuit 10 (SW1, SW2 are closed, and
SW3, SW3 are disconnected), when reaching the first detection time T1, the first voltage value is obtained from detection point sampling；It then will insulation event
Barrier detection circuit 10 by the first connection status switches to the second connection status, and (SW1, SW2 are closed, and wherein the one of SW3, SW3
A closure, another disconnection), when reaching the second detection time T2, second voltage value is obtained from detection point sampling.This embodiment party
The sequencing that formula executes step 102 and step 103 is not intended to be limited in any, i.e., insulation failure detection circuit can also be introduced into
Second connection status, then the first connection status is switched by the second connection status and (first carries out step 103, then executes step
102)。
At step 104, the estimation resistance value of positive insulation resistance Rp and the estimation resistance value of negative insulation resistance Rn are calculated.
In step 105, the size relation for comparing estimation resistance value and fault threshold, when the estimation resistance value of positive insulation resistance
Less than fault threshold, and/or, when the estimation resistance value of negative insulation resistance is less than fault threshold, obtained failure detection result is
There are insulation faults；When the estimation resistance value of positive insulation resistance is greater than or equal to fault threshold, and the estimation of negative insulation resistance
When resistance value is greater than or equal to fault threshold, obtained failure detection result is that there is no insulation faults.
In present embodiment, setting procedure can be performed when electric car dispatches from the factory (vehicle is offline), so that setting should
The first detection time and the second detection time of the battery pack of electric car；In electric car in use, detecting step can be with
It is repeatedly executed, to be detected in real time to the insulation fault of battery pack.Wherein, detecting step is executed once, and is needed
Time is T=T1+T2, available primary fault testing result；I.e. in the insulation failure detection method of present embodiment, insulation
The detection cycle (failure report cycle) of failure is T=T1+T2.That is, in the use process of electric car, with detection cycle T
=T1+T2 detects the insulation situation of the battery pack of electric car.
The detection cycle T-phase of following concrete analysis insulation fault is compared with the lesser reason of the detection cycle of the prior art.
The resistance value for being illustrated in figure 3 the insulation resistance that insulation failure detection circuit is connected under same connection status is
Voltage stabilization curve graph in the case where different size.Wherein, horizontal axis indicates that time t, the longitudinal axis indicate voltage v；Insulation resistance
Resistance value Ri1 > Ri2 > Ri3, t1 < t2 < t3, t1, t2, t3 are the voltage settling time under Ri1, Ri2, Ri3 respectively, it is known that,
The resistance value of insulation resistance is bigger, and voltage settling time is longer (alternatively, will also realize that by formula (1) and formula (2), the resistance value of insulation resistance
Bigger, time constant is bigger, i.e. the stabilization time of circuit is longer).When being in a safe condition according to battery pack in the prior art
The actual resistance (actual resistance when usually dispatching from the factory) of insulation resistance calculates detection time, and preset fault threshold must be small
In the actual resistance, so according to the first detection time T1 and the second detection time T2 of the application method setting relative to existing
Technology is reduced, therefore detection cycle (failure report cycle) T=T1+T2 of insulation fault also reduces compared with the existing technology
?.To which the insulation failure detection method of present embodiment can shorten insulation fault acknowledging time, insulation fault is quickly reported.
In present embodiment, sampled in the first detection time T1, the second detection time T2, in a safe condition
Battery pack for, be equivalent to the voltage in insulation failure detection circuit have not yet been reached stablize before just progress voltage sample, and count
Calculate the estimation resistance value of insulation resistance.It should be noted that being calculated before voltage has not yet been reached and stablizes with regard to carrying out voltage sample
Estimation resistance value out, although may be not quite identical with actual resistance, due to the first detection time T1, the second inspection
Surveying time T2 is to be set according to fault threshold, and the estimation resistance value of insulation resistance is according to first detection time T1, second
Detection time T2 carries out voltage sample and calculates, so, the estimation resistance value of insulation resistance and the size pass of fault threshold
System, is the size relation that can accurately reflect the actual resistance and fault threshold of insulation resistance, the i.e. insulation fault of the application
Detection method is the detection accuracy that can guarantee near fault threshold.
Second embodiment of the present invention is related to a kind of insulation failure detection method.Second embodiment and the first embodiment party
Formula substantially phase, main refinement place are: in this second embodiment, providing the specific acquisition of the estimation resistance value of insulation resistance
Method.
It is specific as follows present embodiments provide for two acquisition methods of the estimation resistance value of insulation resistance.
The first acquisition methods of the estimation resistance value of insulation resistance: the quantity of test point is two, i.e. the first branch and the
Two branches are respectively provided with a test point.
In Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B, between the first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 of the first branch have test point A (for pair
The voltage at the both ends second resistance R2 is sampled), there is test point B between the 3rd resistor R3 and the 4th resistance R4 of second branch
(sampling for the voltage to the 4th both ends resistance R4), therefore, it is necessary to sample respectively to test point A, test point B.
When the quantity for being illustrated in figure 4 test point is two, the flow chart of insulation failure detection method.Wherein, step
201, step 205 is roughly the same with step 101, the step 105 in first embodiment, and details are not described herein again, the difference is that,
Step 202 is specifically, switch to the first connection status for insulation failure detection circuit, and when arrival first detects
Between when, obtain two the first voltage values from two detection point samplings.That is, from the collected the first voltage value Va1 of test point A, from
The collected the first voltage value Vb1 of test point B.
Step 203 is specifically, switch to the second connection status for insulation failure detection circuit, and when arrival second detects
Between when, obtain two second voltage values from two detection point samplings.That is, from the collected second voltage value Va2 of test point A, from
The collected second voltage value Vb2 of test point B.
Step 204 calculates the estimation resistance of insulation resistance specifically, according to two the first voltage values and two second voltage values
Value.
Based on voltage divider principle it is found that available following formula:
Va1=R2/ (R1+R2) * ((R1+R2) //Rp)/((R1+R2) //Rp+ (R3+R4) //Rn) * U formula (3)
Vb1=R4/ (R3+R4) * ((R3+R4) //Rn)/((R1+R2) //Rp+ (R3+R4) //Rn) * U formula (4)
Va2=R2/ (R1+R2) * ((R1+R2) //Rp//R0)/((R1+R2) //Rp//R0+ (R3+R4) //Rn) * U formula (5)
Vb2=R4/ (R3+R4) * ((R3+R4) //Rn)/((R1+R2) //Rp//R0+ (R3+R4) //Rn) * U formula (6)
Wherein, U indicates the anode of battery pack and the voltage value at cathode both ends.
In above-mentioned formula (3)~formula (6), formula makees quotient two-by-two, can eliminate U, to obtain two equations about Rp, Rn
(for example, formula (3) and formula (4) obtain an equation as quotient, formula (5) and formula (6) obtain another equation as quotient), after being solved
The estimation resistance value of available Rp, Rn,
The estimation resistance value of positive insulation resistance Rp are as follows:
Rp1=R0* (R1+R2) * (Va1*Vb2-Vb1*Va2)/[(R0+R1+R2) * Vb1*Va2-R0*Va1*Vb2]
The estimation resistance value of negative insulation resistance Rn are as follows:
Rn1=R0*R2* (R3+R4) * (Vb1*Va2-Va1*Vb2)/[R0*R2* (Va1*Vb2-Vb1*Va2)-(R1+
R2)*R4*Va1*Va2]
It should be noted that the insulation failure detection circuit 10 that above four formula are all based in Fig. 2A, 2B obtained,
When insulation failure detection circuit 10 specific structure variation when, above-mentioned each formula also can adaptive change, but can based on point
Pressure principle obtains.
Further, after step 202, and before step 203, it can also include: judge two the first voltage values
Size relation third branch is chosen to be and is cut if the corresponding test point of biggish the first voltage value belongs to the first branch
Change branch；If the corresponding test point of biggish the first voltage value belongs to second branch, the 4th branch is chosen to be switching branch
Road.That is, it is judged that the size relation of Va1 and Vb1 indicates the positive insulation resistance in parallel with the first branch if Va1 is greater than Vb1
The resistance value of Rp is greater than the negative insulation resistance Rn in parallel with second branch, and third branch is chosen to be handoff leg at this time, that is, is existed
By the access of third branch (since positive insulation resistance Rp is greater than negative insulation resistance Rn, then by third branch in second connection status
Road (R0) is connected in parallel to positive insulation resistance Rp, is connected in parallel to negative insulation resistance Rp compared to by the 4th branch (R0), more pacifies
Entirely)；Conversely, the 4th branch is then chosen to be handoff leg.
Second of acquisition methods of the estimation resistance value of insulation resistance: the quantity of test point is one, i.e., the first branch has
Test point, alternatively, second branch has a test point.Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B are please referred to, i.e., is only sampled using test point A, or
Person is only sampled using test point B.
When the quantity for being illustrated in figure 5 test point is one, the flow chart of insulation failure detection method.Wherein, step
301, step 305 is roughly the same with step 101, the step 105 in first embodiment, and details are not described herein again, wherein
In step 302, a first voltage value is obtained from a detection point sampling；In step 303, from the detection point sampling
Obtain a second voltage value.
Step 304 is counted specifically, according to the cell voltage of the first voltage value, second voltage value and the battery pack of acquisition
Calculate the estimation resistance value of insulation resistance.
For only being sampled using test point A, the first connection status samples to obtain Va1, the sampling of the second connection status
Obtain Va2, available above-mentioned formula (3), formula (5)；The voltage value U of the anode and cathode both ends that will acquire battery pack substitutes into formula
(3), formula (5), so that formula (3), formula (5) become two equations about Rp, Rn, available Rp, Rn after being solved, specifically
Formula is as follows:
Wherein, the acquisition modes of voltage value U can be to design a new high pressure sampling circuit, or directly utilize existing
Existing high pressure sampling circuit samples battery pack in having, obtained voltage value U.
It wherein, can be in third branch and the 4th branch in second of acquisition methods of the estimation resistance value of insulation resistance
In optional one be used as handoff leg.
By above two acquisition modes it is found that the quantity of the voltage value sampled is opposite if a test point is used only
It is less, need equation quantity to be used relatively fewer in calculating process；But need to introduce the voltage of battery pack in calculating process
Value U.If the quantity of the voltage value sampled is relatively more using two test points, equation to be used is needed in calculating process
Quantity is relatively more；But be not necessarily to use the voltage value of battery pack in calculating, so as to simplify circuit design (without passing through height
Press sampling circuit obtain U), and can to avoid the real-time fluctuations due to U and to the calculated value of Rp, Rn generate influence so that
Rp, the Rn calculated is more accurate.
Third embodiment of the present invention is related to a kind of insulation failure detection method.Third embodiment and the second embodiment party
Formula is roughly the same, and be in place of the main distinction: in this second embodiment, Y capacitance Cp, Cn can be obtained by actual measurement,
And in third embodiment, Y capacitance Cp, Cn is according to being calculated.
It is illustrated in figure 6 the process of Y capacitance calculation in the insulation failure detection method of third embodiment of the invention
Figure.
Step 401, insulation failure detection circuit is switched into the first connection status, from the detection of insulation failure detection circuit
Point sampling obtains the first steady state voltage value.
Specifically, periodically being adopted after insulation failure detection circuit 10 is switched to the first connection status from test point
Collecting voltage value, and the more adjacent voltage value acquired twice, if the adjacent voltage value acquired twice meets following condition,
(U1-U2)/U2 <u%, it may be considered that the voltage of circuit has arrived at stable state, and using U1 as the first stable voltage；
Wherein, the voltage value of one acquisition before U1 is the voltage value of rear one acquisition, U2 is, u% are the preset change rate (tool of u%
Body value can be set according to available accuracy requirement).
When there are two test points for the tool of insulation failure detection circuit 10, in the first acquisition modes in second embodiment,
Two the first steady state voltage values can be obtained from two detection point samplings.That is, sampling to obtain the first stable state electricity from test point A
Pressure value Ua1, and sample to obtain another first steady state voltage value Ub1 from test point B.
When only one test point of insulation failure detection circuit can in second of acquisition modes in second embodiment
To obtain first steady state voltage value from a detection point sampling.That is, sampling to obtain the first steady state voltage value from test point A
Ua1, alternatively, sampling to obtain the first steady state voltage value Ub1 from test point B.
Step 402, the first time for calculating insulation failure detection circuit according to the sampling instant of the first steady state voltage value is normal
Number.
Specifically, the sampling instant of record U2, and the sampling instant of U2 and insulation failure detection circuit 10 are entered the
Time difference between at the time of one connection status is denoted as first time constant, τ 1, i.e. insulation failure detection circuit 10 switches to
One connection status and time needed for reaching voltage stabilization.Due to indicating U1, U2 when U1, U2 meet (U1-U2)/U2 <u%
Sampling instant be all belong to voltage stabilization state, and U2 prior to U1 acquire, therefore utilize U2 sampling instant calculated first
Timeconstantτ 1 can be shorter relative to the calculated first time constant, τ 1 of sampling instant using U1, so here with U2's
Sampling instant calculates first time constant, τ 1.It is so without being limited thereto, it also can use the sampling instant calculated first time of U1
(the time difference between at the time of the sampling instant of U1 and insulation failure detection circuit 10 are entered the first connection status of constant, τ 1
As first time constant).
Wherein, when there are two test point (the first acquisition sides in such as second embodiment for insulation failure detection circuit tool
Formula), as long as an optional test point, records the sampling instant of the first steady state voltage value of the test point, and according to the test point
The first steady state voltage value sampling instant calculate insulation failure detection circuit first time constant, τ 1.
Step 403, insulation failure detection circuit is switched into the second connection status, from the detection of insulation failure detection circuit
Point sampling obtains the second steady state voltage value.
Wherein, the acquisition modes of the second stable voltage are similar with the specific acquisition modes of the first stable voltage, herein
It repeats no more.
When insulation failure detection circuit 10 has, there are two test points, sample to obtain second steady state voltage from test point A
Value Ua2, and sample to obtain another second steady state voltage value Ub2 from test point B.
When only one test point of insulation failure detection circuit, sample to obtain the second steady state voltage value Ua2 from test point A,
Alternatively, sampling to obtain the second steady state voltage value Ub2 from test point B.
Step 404, the second time for calculating insulation failure detection circuit according to the sampling instant of the second steady state voltage value is normal
Number.
Wherein, the acquisition modes of the second timeconstantτ 2 are similar with the acquisition modes of first time constant, τ 1, herein no longer
It repeats.
Step 405, according at least to the first steady state voltage and the second steady state voltage, the actual resistance of insulation resistance is calculated.
Wherein, when there are two test point (the first acquisition modes in such as second embodiment) for insulation failure detection circuit tool
When, step 405 calculates the practical resistance of insulation resistance specifically, according to two the first steady state voltages and two the second steady state voltages
It is worth (positive insulation resistance Rp and negative insulation resistance Rn)；Its specific calculation is big with the step 204 in second embodiment
Cause identical, details are not described herein again.The actual resistance of Rp, Rn for calculating are as follows,
The actual resistance of positive insulation resistance Rp are as follows:
Rp0=R0* (R1+R2) * (Ua1*Ub2-Ub1*Ua2)/[(R0+R1+R2) * Ub1*Ua2-R0*Ua1*Ub2]
The actual resistance of negative insulation resistance Rn are as follows:
Rn0=R0*R2* (R3+R4) * (Ub1*Ua2-Ua1*Ub2)/[R0*R2* (Ua1*Ub2-Ub1*Ua2)-(R1+
R2)*R4*Ua1*Ua2]
When only one test point (the first acquisition modes in such as second embodiment) of insulation failure detection circuit, step
Rapid 405 according to the cell voltage of the battery pack of the first steady state voltage value, the second steady state voltage value and acquisition specifically, calculate
The actual resistance (positive insulation resistance Rp and negative insulation resistance Rn) of insulation resistance；Its specific calculation, it is real with second
The step 304 applied in example is roughly the same, and details are not described herein again.The actual resistance of Rp0, Rn0 for calculating are as follows,
Step 406, according to the actual resistance of insulation resistance, first time constant and the second time constant, Y electricity is calculated
Hold.
By the actual resistance (positive insulation resistance Rp and negative insulation resistance Rn) of insulation resistance, 1 generation of first time constant, τ
After the calculation formula (such as formula (1)) of angle of incidence constant, it can solve and obtain the sum of Y capacitance Cp and Cn, specifically:
Cp+Cn=τ 1/ ((R1+R2) // (R3+R4) //Rp//Rn)
Alternatively, the actual resistance (positive insulation resistance Rp and negative insulation resistance Rn) of insulation resistance, the second time constant
After substituting into the calculation formula (formula (2)) of time constant, it can solve and obtain the sum of Y capacitance Cp and Cn, specifically:
Cp+Cn=τ 2/ ((R1+R2) // (R3+R4) //Rp//Rn//R0)
It should be noted that (Cp+Cn) that above two mode is calculated should be consistent；As long as also, here
(Cp+Cn) is calculated, time constant formula (formula (1) and formula (2)) can be substituted into, to calculate the time of the first connection status
The time constant Tc2 of constant Tc1 and the second connection status.
In the present embodiment, what the Y capacitance of battery pack was obtained by the detection point sampling to the insulation failure detection circuit 10
Steady state voltage value is calculated.Since Y capacitance is affected by vehicle environment and load equipment, each vehicle of same model is practical
Upper is also to have differences, obtained accordingly, with respect to Y capacitance by laboratory actual measurement and same vehicle models use it is same
For the scheme of measured value, Y capacitance can individually be calculated to each vehicle, so that the Y capacitance of each vehicle is more accurate, so that
The setting of the first detection time and the second detection time of each vehicle is more accurate.
It should be noted that the present embodiment is also possible to improvement on the basis of first embodiment.
4th embodiment of the invention is related to a kind of insulation failure detection method.4th embodiment and third embodiment party
Formula is roughly the same, mainly thes improvement is that: in the fourth embodiment, setting procedure can be executed periodically, with regular
Update the first detection time and the second detection time.Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 6.
Specifically, the detection time update cycle can be preset, in vehicle factory, setting procedure is executed for the first time,
And obtain initial the first detection time and the second detection time；In the use process of electric car, when reaching the detection
Between the update cycle when, repeat setting procedure.For example, the detection time update cycle is set to 6 months, set from executing for the first time
After determining step, every 6 months, the primary setting procedure is repeated, to update the first detection time and the second detection time.It should
Setting procedure is performed, can the method according to third embodiment recalculate Y capacitance, and then recalculate
One detection time and the second detection time.In use due to electric car, may be drifted about by device aging, capacitance etc.
Situation influences and Y capacitance is caused to change, and therefore, this Y capacitance calculated may be different with the Y capacitance of last time,
To updated first detection time and the second detection time can with it is different before update, and when updated first detection
Between and the second detection time be more in line with the current vehicle condition of electric car so that the estimation resistance value of the insulation resistance detected
Actual conditions are more in line with, accuracy of the insulation failure detection in vehicle life cycle is improved.I.e., it is possible to certainly by Y capacitance
The means of study guarantee the Insulation monitoring precision in vehicle life cycle.It should be noted that when battery pack is applied to other
When electrical equipment, Y capacitance may also be influenced by situations such as device aging, capacitance drift of other electrical equipments and be changed,
So setting procedure, which is periodically executed equally, can be improved insulation failure detection in the life cycle of other electrical equipments
Accuracy.
Preferably, setting procedure is merely re-executed, it is thus necessary to determine that electric car is in and powers on and stationary state.For example, working as
It executed after setting procedure reaches 6 months apart from last time, and is powered on and when stationary state detecting that electric car is in, held again
Row setting procedure.Wherein, it remains static lower execution setting procedure in electric car, it can be to avoid due to vehicle take-offs process
In disturbing factor and influence the obtained voltage accuracy of sampling, to influence the standard of the first detection time and the second detection time
The problem of true property.
It should be noted that present embodiment is also possible to improvement on the basis of first or second embodiments, at this point, In
When executing setting procedure every time, (mode of actual measurement) can be re-measured to Y capacitance, thus using re-measuring
To Y capacitance update the first detection time and the second detection time.
The step of various methods divide above, be intended merely to describe it is clear, when realization can be merged into a step or
Certain steps are split, multiple steps are decomposed into, as long as including identical logical relation, all in the protection scope of this patent
It is interior；To adding inessential modification in algorithm or in process or introducing inessential design, but its algorithm is not changed
Core design with process is all in the protection scope of the patent.
Fifth embodiment of the invention is related to a kind of control device, as shown in fig. 7, comprises: at least one processor 1；With
And
The memory 2 being connect at least one described processor communication；Wherein,
The memory 2 be stored with can by least one described processor execute instruction, described instruction by it is described at least
One processor executes, so that at least one described processor 1 is able to carry out in first to fourth described in any embodiment
Insulation failure detection method.
Preferably, the control device in the present embodiment also includes sampling module 3, sampling module 3 is connected to insulation resistance inspection
Between the test point and processor 1 of slowdown monitoring circuit, sampling module 3 is used to carry out voltage to the test point of insulating resistor detecting circuit to adopt
Sample.
Wherein, memory is connected with processor using bus mode, and bus may include the bus of any number of interconnection
And bridge, bus is by one or more processors together with the various circuit connections of memory.Bus can also will be such as peripheral
Together with various other circuit connections of management circuit or the like, these are all well known in the art for equipment, voltage-stablizer
, therefore, it will not be further described herein.Bus interface provides interface between bus and transceiver.Transceiver
Can be an element, be also possible to multiple element, such as multiple receivers and transmitter, provide for over a transmission medium with
The unit of various other device communications.The data handled through processor are transmitted on the radio medium by antenna, further,
Antenna also receives data and transfers data to processor.
Processor is responsible for managing bus and common processing, can also provide various functions, including periodically, peripheral interface,
Voltage adjusting, power management and other control functions.And memory can be used for storage processor and execute operation when institute
The data used.
Sixth embodiment of the invention is related to a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored with computer program.Computer
Above method embodiment is realized when program is executed by processor.
That is, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that implement the method for the above embodiments be can be with
Relevant hardware is instructed to complete by program, which is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are to make
It obtains an equipment (can be single-chip microcontroller, chip etc.) or processor (processor) executes side described in each embodiment of the application
The all or part of the steps of method.And storage medium above-mentioned includes: USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only
Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic or disk etc. are various can store journey
The medium of sequence code.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the respective embodiments described above are to realize specific embodiments of the present invention,
And in practical applications, can to it, various changes can be made in the form and details, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of insulation failure detection method, characterized by comprising:
Setting procedure includes to set the first detection time and the second detection time；First detection time, second inspection
Surveying the time is the insulation that connect with the battery pack when the resistance value of the insulation resistance of battery pack is preset fault threshold respectively
Fault detection circuit is under the first connection status, duration needed for reaching stable state under the second connection status；
Detecting step includes,
The insulation failure detection circuit is switched into first connection status, and when reaching first detection time,
The first voltage value is obtained from the detection point sampling of the insulation failure detection circuit；
The insulation failure detection circuit is switched into second connection status, and when reaching second detection time,
Second voltage value is obtained from the detection point sampling；
According at least to the first voltage value and the second voltage value, the estimation resistance value of the insulation resistance is calculated；
According to the estimation resistance value and the fault threshold, failure detection result is obtained.
2. insulation failure detection method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first detection time, described
Two detection times are calculated according to the fault threshold and the Y capacitance of the battery pack.
3. insulation failure detection method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the calculation of the Y capacitance, packet
It includes:
The insulation failure detection circuit is switched into first connection status, from the detection of the insulation failure detection circuit
Point sampling obtains the first steady state voltage value；
The first time constant of the insulation failure detection circuit is calculated according to the sampling instant of first steady state voltage value；
The insulation failure detection circuit is switched into second connection status, from the detection of the insulation failure detection circuit
Point sampling obtains the second steady state voltage value；
The second time constant of the insulation failure detection circuit is calculated according to the sampling instant of second steady state voltage value；
According at least to first steady state voltage and second steady state voltage, the actual resistance of the insulation resistance is calculated；
According to the actual resistance of the insulation resistance, the first time constant and second time constant, the Y is calculated
Capacitor.
4. insulation failure detection method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the insulation failure detection circuit includes
The first branch, second branch, third branch and the 4th branch；One end of the first branch is being connected to the battery pack just
Pole and the other end are connected to ground terminal, and one end of the second branch is connected to the cathode of the battery pack and the other end is connected to
The ground terminal；The third branch is connected in parallel with the first branch, and the 4th branch is in parallel with the second branch
Connection.
5. insulation failure detection method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the first branch and second described
Road is respectively provided with the test point；
The detection point sampling from the insulation failure detection circuit obtains the first voltage value, specifically, from described two inspections
Measuring point samples to obtain two the first voltage values；
It is described to obtain second voltage value from the detection point sampling, specifically, obtaining two institutes from described two detection point samplings
State second voltage value；
It is described to calculate the estimation resistance value of the insulation resistance according at least to the first voltage value and the second voltage value, tool
Body is, according to described two the first voltage values and described two second voltage values, to calculate the estimation resistance value of the insulation resistance.
6. insulation failure detection method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described by the insulation failure detection
Circuit switches to before second connection status, also includes:
The size relation of two the first voltage values is judged, if the corresponding test point of the biggish the first voltage value
Belong to the first branch, then the third branch is chosen to be handoff leg；If the biggish the first voltage value is corresponding
The test point belong to the second branch, then the 4th branch is chosen to be the handoff leg；
Wherein, in first connection status, the first branch, the second branch access the insulation failure detection electricity
Road；In second connection status, the first branch, the second branch, handoff leg access the insulation failure detection
Circuit.
7. insulation failure detection method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the first branch has the detection
Point, alternatively, the second branch has the test point；
It is described to calculate the estimation resistance value of the insulation resistance according at least to the first voltage value and the second voltage value, tool
Body are as follows: according to the cell voltage of the first voltage value, the second voltage value and the battery pack of acquisition, described in calculating
The estimation resistance value of insulation resistance.
8. insulation failure detection method according to any one of claim 1 to 7, which is characterized in that the method is also wrapped
It includes, when reaching the preset detection time update cycle, executes the setting procedure again.
9. insulation failure detection method according to any one of claim 1 to 7, which is characterized in that the detecting step
It is repeatedly executed.
10. a kind of control device characterized by comprising
At least one processor；And
The memory being connect at least one described processor communication；Wherein,
The memory is stored with the instruction that can be executed by least one described processor, and described instruction is by described at least one
It manages device to execute, so that at least one described processor is able to carry out the insulation failure detection as described in any in claim 1 to 9
Method.
11. a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored with computer program, which is characterized in that the computer program is located
It manages and realizes any insulation failure detection method in claim 1 to 9 when device executes.
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| CN114295945A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-08 | 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 | Insulation detection method, device and system |
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| CN116953360B (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2024-01-19 | 上海派能能源科技股份有限公司 | Insulation resistance rapid detection method of energy storage equipment |
| CN117686940A (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-03-12 | 上海派能能源科技股份有限公司 | Fault positioning method and circuit of energy storage device |
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