CN110379161A - A kind of city road network traffic flow amount distribution method - Google Patents
A kind of city road network traffic flow amount distribution method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110379161A CN110379161A CN201910651997.XA CN201910651997A CN110379161A CN 110379161 A CN110379161 A CN 110379161A CN 201910651997 A CN201910651997 A CN 201910651997A CN 110379161 A CN110379161 A CN 110379161A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of city road network traffic flow amount distribution methods, comprising: resident trip safety grounds routing behavior investigation obtains traveler safety grounds routing behavior investigation result；The investigation of city road network security performance, obtains the security performance data in each section of city road network；Safe routing model parameter calculation obtains the parameter value in model；Using safe routing model, road network flow is distributed, obtains the magnitude of traffic flow in each section under equilibrium state.The present invention is from the safe routing behavior of traveler, construct Dynamic Traffic Assignment Model, road grid traffic flow can be more accurately distributed when traveler considers path safety factor and efficiency factor simultaneously, compensate for deficiency of the conventional traffic distribution method in terms of considering the routing behavior of traveler safety grounds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to traffic programme technical fields, and in particular to a kind of city road network traffic flow amount distribution method.
Background technique
The fast development of intelligent transportation system improves traffic safety problem with widely available and provides new approach.Pass through
Travel information system issuing traffic operational safety status information, safer trip route is provided for traveler, can effectively be mentioned
Height trip safety.However, the publication of road network security information will affect the optimizing paths of traveler, to make entire city
Road network forms new flow equalization state.Therefore it provides it is a kind of, in the optimizing paths that known traveler is considered based on efficiency
On the basis of, reasonable amount can dissolve passerby simultaneously behavior considered for path safety, and based on Urban Residential Trip data and
Urban traffic network basic data is that technology urgently to be resolved is asked to the method that city road network traffic flow amount is accurately distributed
Topic.
Traffic flow distribution is the important component of Urban Traffic Planning, and carries out the precondition and core of traffic administration
Heart technology.Traffic flow distribution refers to: according to the routing principle (optimizing paths) of traveler, by Traffic growth rate to the network of communication lines
In network, to obtain link flow and relevant traffic index.However, existing road network assignment of traffic model is with time impedance function
Based on, it is theoretical based on user equilibrium (UE) or system optimal (SO), the optimizing paths of traveler are modeled (when
M- flow function), what is be widely used is the BPR function developed by Bureau of Public Roads, the road network distribution referred to as based on efficiency
Method.Also there is part research that traveler is incorporated traveler path choosing then mould for the considerations of vehicle discharge, comfort level etc.
In type, traffic flow distribution is carried out.Rarely have method to consider routing behavior of the traveler based on safety grounds when setting routing principle
Factor.
Summary of the invention
Legacy paths selection (routing principle) model being limited to based on going out line efficiency, existing traffic flow allocation method
The magnitude of traffic flow can not be accurately distributed when traveler considers path safety.The present invention is based on Highway traffic safety assessment skills
Art constructs the safe routing model of traveler, and proposes a whole set of based on this model and consider routing towards traveler safety and efficiency
The city road network flow allocation method of behavior.The present invention compensates for conventional traffic distribution method and selects in consideration traveler safety grounds
Deficiency in terms of the behavior of road is put forward for the first time the safe routing behavior from traveler, constructs Dynamic Traffic Assignment Model, can go out
Passerby considers that more accurately distribution road grid traffic flow, this method have reached generation when path safety factor and efficiency factor simultaneously
Boundary's advanced level.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows a kind of city road network traffic flow amount distribution method, comprising the following steps:
Step 101: resident trip safety grounds routing behavior investigation obtains traveler safety grounds routing behavior investigation knot
Fruit；
Step 102: the investigation of city road network security performance obtains the security performance data in each section of city road network；
Step 103: safe routing model parameter calculation obtains the parameter value in model；
Step 104: using safe routing model, distribute road network flow, obtain the magnitude of traffic flow in each section under equilibrium state.
Preferably, resident trip safety grounds routing behavior investigation described in step 101 further includes steps of
S1: respondent is sampled, wherein the sampling uses stratified sampling method；
S2: using RP investigation method, implements resident trip safety grounds routing behavior investigation, obtains traveler safety grounds and selects
Road behavior investigation is as a result, simultaneously statistical findings；
Preferably, it is investigated described in step S2, specially household interview survey obtains survey data face to face；The investigation content packet
It includes: assuming that there are the traveler of the traveler of m class difference due care degree and n class difference tradeoff standard, investigation trips for this area
Person sorts out the degree of concern of safety, investigates traveler for safety and the tradeoff behavior of line efficiency out, and sort out.
Preferably, the security performance data in each section of city road network described in step 102 specifically include reflection road and averagely pacify
The accident information data of full performance, and the traffic conflict related data of reflection road safety unfailing performance.
Preferably, accident information data described in step 102, specifically include location of accident information at least a year and its
The information such as severity, property loss, crossing accident need when according to primary responsibility party's incident locating steering position or just
Sorted out in the steering behavior of progress.
Preferably, traffic conflict related data described in step 102 specifically includes the conflict information such as type and seriousness,
Intersection conflict needs different turn to for each import to be recorded.
Preferably, safe routing model parameter calculation described in step 103, further includes steps of
Step 301: the traveler safety grounds routing behavior investigation according to step 101 is as a result, summarize traveler peace
Full attention rate and safety-efficiency measure index, calculate under each due care degree the traveler accounting of (or measuring under index), and converge
It is always structural data；
Step 302: according to step 102 accident information data obtained, with the traffic occurred in the section or intersection
Total cost caused by accident calculates the average security that each import in each section and intersection turns to divided by data time span range
Performance E (ra) and E (ra→b), unit are as follows: member/min, calculation formula are as follows:
Or
Wherein,Accident z occurs for section a, a=(1,2 ..., A), the property loss of z=(1,2 ..., Z), N is is received
Collect the duration of casualty data；
Step 303: according to the traffic conflict data in step 102, calculating each import in each section and intersection and turn to the period
The discrete case that interior traffic conflict occurs determines the safety and reliability that each import in the section and intersection turns to, it is believed that each week
In phase the stability of traffic conflict frequency can the security reliability that turns to of each import in the secondary indication section and intersection, surely
Qualitative more high safety reliability is better.Concrete operations are the variance yields for calculating traffic conflict frequency in each period, and will be each
The variance size that each import in section and intersection turns to number of collisions is divided into basic, normal, high three classes, each to every a kind of section and intersection
Import, which turns to, matches different security reliability valuesWithUnit are as follows: member/min.
Step 304: counting the property parameters value in each section and crossing inlet steering, comprising: obtain according to historical summary
The traffic capacity C in each section and intersectiona, zero stream time impedanceWith retardation coefficient α, the existing roads condition data such as β, and
According to step 302, the resulting road average security performance of step 303 and safety and reliability data, and it is organized into structuring number
According to format.
Preferably, road network flow rate calculation described in step 104 is distributed, and is further included steps of
Step 401: first according to the city road network structural information in historical summary, drawing comprising including intersection turning
Road network topology structure chart, the sensible relationship in the minizone according to structure chart, generates sensible relational matrix, small according to each traffic
The resident trip OD data in section generates trip requirement matrix；
Step 402: according to step 301 as a result, traveler safety preference parameter in input model, comprising: not TongAn
The traveler accounting λ of full attention ratem, m=(1,2 ..., M) is that traveler classification mesh number and difference safety-efficiency measure index
Traveler accounting θn, n=(1,2 ..., N) is traveler classification mesh number；And it is provided according to the statistics in step 304 and step 401
Material, input model primary data, information (1. retardation coefficient α, β, 2. 0 stream times including each section3. traffic capacity ca、
4. average security, 5. security reliabilities) and trip requirements of the user class m between OD pairs.It concurrently sets model and calculates error
Limit value ε (according to required precision sets itself).
Step 403: using the choosing of traveler path, then model calculates path flow；
Step 404: counter to push away path by the sensible relational matrix in step 401 according to step 403 gained path flow
By the flow that all sections and crossing inlet turn to, the flow in section and intersection entrance steering is updated；
Step 405: judging whether to reach balanced.According to step 404, if the section of this calculating and crossing inlet
Steering flow, the difference between flow results calculated with the last time are less than the calculating error limit ε set in step 402, then
Stop calculating, the final distribution volume of traffic of section a can be obtained at this time, otherwise return step 403.
Preferably, using the choosing of traveler path, then model calculates path flow described in step 403, further comprises following
Step:
Step 4031: its transit time is calculated according to each link flow；BPR function is specially used, step 304 institute is passed through
Obtain the traffic capacity c in every sectionaWith zero stream timeEvery section is calculated in volume of traffic qaUnder transit time, calculation formula
Are as follows:
Wherein, α and β is the retardation coefficient that obtains in step 304, and under primary condition, the magnitude of traffic flow zero, transit time is
Zero stream time
Step 4032: calculating the generalized travel cost in each section and crossing inlet steering；Calculation formula are as follows:
Ca→b=E (ra→b)
By its transit time required in step 4031 multiplied by safety-efficiency tradeoff index θ of all kinds of travelersn, and with step
The security performance in each section of gained is added in rapid 302, obtains the generalized travel cost C of section n class usera, crossing inlet
The generalized travel cost of steering is E (ra→b)；
Step 4033: calculating minimum cost path collectionSpecifically, based on the section and intersection that are calculated in step 4032
Each path is added by the generalized travel cost in section, calculates between each OD pairs and own by the generalized travel cost that import turns to
The generalized travel cost in path:
Wherein,WithCoefficient is selected to sentence, if section and crossing inlet turn on the p of path, value 1, otherwise
It is 0；For the convenience of subsequent calculating, the smallest path of preceding 10 expenses is chosen between each OD pairs, forms minimum cost path
Set；
Step 4034: according to step 303 and 304 gained safety reliabilities, in conjunction with step 301 traveler for path safety
The attention rate of reliability, on the basis of the generalized travel cost obtained in step 4033, in addition the path of different travelers is pacified
Full reliability cost, formula are as follows:
And the minimum cost path that this stylish minimum cost path concentrates all kinds of travelers is exported, thus to obtain most tip
With the minimum cost path of m class traveler in path set
Step 4035: according to trip requirements in step 401, distributing the magnitude of traffic flow.Using having entirely completely without distribution method, by step
The demand of m class traveler is assigned on the shortest path of m class traveler between gained OD in 401, obtains the additional of each path
The volume of traffic
Step 4036: the current amount of traffic in current (g sub-distribution) each path is calculated with average weighted methodIt is public
Formula is as follows:
The present invention be it is a kind of by and meanwhile quantify the path safety of traveler and efficiency considers behavior, for city road network into
The method of row traffic flow assignment.It mainly include resident trip safety grounds routing behavior investigation, city road network security performance tune
It looks into, safe routing model parameter calculation；Road network flow rate calculation distributes four steps.Safe routing behavior of the present invention from traveler
It sets out, constructs Dynamic Traffic Assignment Model, it can be more accurate when traveler considers path safety factor and efficiency factor simultaneously
Road grid traffic flow is distributed, compensates for conventional traffic distribution method in terms of considering the routing behavior of traveler safety grounds not
Foot.
Detailed description of the invention
From following description with reference to the accompanying drawings it will be further appreciated that the present invention.Component in figure is not drawn necessarily to scale,
But it focuses on and shows in the principle of embodiment.In the figure in different views, identical appended drawing reference is specified to be corresponded to
Part.
Fig. 1 is city road network topological structure schematic diagram shown in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 2 is the sensible relational matrix figure between each traffic zone shown in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 3 is each minizone trip requirements matrix diagram shown in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 4 is that (Leie time indicates the traffic capacity, zero stream time, average peace to road section information figure shown in the embodiment of the present invention two
Quan Xing, security reliability, retardation coefficient)；
Fig. 5 is that crossing inlet shown in the embodiment of the present invention two turns to average security figure；
Fig. 6 is that crossing inlet shown in the embodiment of the present invention two turns to security reliability figure；
Fig. 7 is the generalized travel cost figure in each path after first iteration shown in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 8 is the path generalized cost figure of first iteration latter class crowd shown in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 9 is the path generalized cost figure of two class crowds after first iteration shown in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Figure 10 is the additional traffic spirogram in each path of first iteration latter class traveler shown in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Figure 11 is the additional traffic spirogram in two each paths of class traveler after first iteration shown in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Figure 12 is the traffic flow map in each section after first iteration shown in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Figure 13 is the traffic flow magnitude that each section under equilibrium state is calculated in MATLAB shown in the embodiment of the present invention two
Figure.
Figure 14 is the method flow diagram that city road network of the present invention carries out traffic flow assignment
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.After the present invention has been read, modification of the those skilled in the art to various equivalent forms of the invention
Fall within the application range as defined in the appended claims.
The invention will be further described with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment one
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows a kind of city road network traffic flow amount distribution method, comprising the following steps:
Step 101: resident trip safety grounds routing behavior investigation obtains traveler safety grounds routing behavior investigation knot
Fruit；
Step 102: the investigation of city road network security performance obtains the security performance data in each section of city road network；
Step 103: safe routing model parameter calculation obtains the parameter value in model；
Step 104: using safe routing model, distribute road network flow, obtain the magnitude of traffic flow in each section under equilibrium state.
Preferably, resident trip safety grounds routing behavior investigation described in step 101 further includes steps of
S1: respondent is sampled, wherein the sampling uses stratified sampling method；
S2: using RP investigation method, implements resident trip safety grounds routing behavior investigation, obtains traveler safety grounds and selects
Road behavior investigation is as a result, simultaneously statistical findings；
Preferably, it is investigated described in step S2, specially household interview survey obtains survey data face to face；The investigation content packet
It includes: assuming that there are the traveler of the traveler of m class difference due care degree and n class difference tradeoff standard, investigation trips for this area
Person sorts out the degree of concern of safety, investigates traveler for safety and the tradeoff behavior of line efficiency out, and sort out.
Preferably, the security performance data in each section of city road network described in step 102 specifically include reflection road and averagely pacify
The accident information data of full performance, and the traffic conflict related data of reflection road safety unfailing performance.
Preferably, accident information data described in step 102, specifically include location of accident information at least a year and its
The information such as severity, property loss, crossing accident need when according to primary responsibility party's incident locating steering position or just
Sorted out in the steering behavior of progress.
Preferably, traffic conflict related data described in step 102 specifically includes the conflict information such as type and seriousness,
Intersection conflict needs different turn to for each import to be recorded.
Preferably, safe routing model parameter calculation described in step 103, further includes steps of
Step 301: the traveler safety grounds routing behavior investigation according to step 101 is as a result, summarize traveler peace
Full attention rate and safety-efficiency measure index, calculate under each due care degree the traveler accounting of (or measuring under index), and converge
It is always structural data；
Step 302: according to step 102 accident information data obtained, with the traffic occurred in the section or intersection
Total cost caused by accident calculates the average security that each import in each section and intersection turns to divided by data time span range
Performance E (ra) and E (ra→b), unit are as follows: member/min, calculation formula are as follows:
Or
Wherein,Accident z occurs for section a, a=(1,2 ..., A), the property loss of z=(1,2 ..., Z), N is is received
Collect the duration of casualty data；
Step 303: according to the traffic conflict data in step 102, calculating each import in each section and intersection and turn to the period
The discrete case that interior traffic conflict occurs determines the safety and reliability that each import in the section and intersection turns to, it is believed that each week
In phase the stability of traffic conflict frequency can the security reliability that turns to of each import in the secondary indication section and intersection, surely
Qualitative more high safety reliability is better.Concrete operations are the variance yields for calculating traffic conflict frequency in each period, and will be each
The variance size that each import in section and intersection turns to number of collisions is divided into basic, normal, high three classes, each to every a kind of section and intersection
Import, which turns to, matches different security reliability valuesWithUnit are as follows: member/min.
Step 304: counting the property parameters value in each section and crossing inlet steering, comprising: obtain according to historical summary
The traffic capacity C in each section and intersectiona, zero stream time impedanceWith retardation coefficient α, the existing roads condition data such as β, and
According to step 302, the resulting road average security performance of step 303 and safety and reliability data, and it is organized into structuring number
According to format.
Preferably, road network flow rate calculation described in step 104 is distributed, and is further included steps of
Step 401: first according to the city road network structural information in historical summary, drawing comprising including intersection turning
Road network topology structure chart, the sensible relationship in the minizone according to structure chart, generates sensible relational matrix, small according to each traffic
The resident trip OD data in section generates trip requirement matrix；
Step 402: according to step 301 as a result, traveler safety preference parameter in input model, comprising: not TongAn
The traveler accounting λ of full attention ratem, m=(1,2 ..., M) is that traveler classification mesh number and difference safety-efficiency measure index
Traveler accounting θn, n=(1,2 ..., N) is traveler classification mesh number；And it is provided according to the statistics in step 304 and step 401
Material, input model primary data, information (1. retardation coefficient α, β, 2. 0 stream times including each section3. traffic capacity ca、
4. average security, 5. security reliabilities) and trip requirements of the user class m between OD pairs.It concurrently sets model and calculates error
Limit value ε (according to required precision sets itself).
Step 403: using the choosing of traveler path, then model calculates path flow；
Step 404: counter to push away path by the sensible relational matrix in step 401 according to step 403 gained path flow
By the flow that all sections and crossing inlet turn to, the flow in section and intersection entrance steering is updated；
Step 405: judging whether to reach balanced.According to step 404, if the section of this calculating and crossing inlet
Steering flow, the difference between flow results calculated with the last time are less than the calculating error limit ε set in step 402, then
Stop calculating, the final distribution volume of traffic of section a can be obtained at this time, otherwise return step 403.
Preferably, using the choosing of traveler path, then model calculates path flow described in step 403, further comprises following
Step:
Step 4031: its transit time is calculated according to each link flow；BPR function is specially used, step 304 institute is passed through
Obtain the traffic capacity c in every sectionaWith zero stream timeEvery section is calculated in volume of traffic qaUnder transit time, calculation formula
Are as follows:
Wherein, α and β is the retardation coefficient that obtains in step 304, and under primary condition, the magnitude of traffic flow zero, transit time is
Zero stream time
Step 4032: calculating the generalized travel cost in each section and crossing inlet steering；Calculation formula are as follows:
Ca→b=E (ra→b)
By its transit time required in step 4031 multiplied by safety-efficiency tradeoff index θ of all kinds of travelersn, and with step
The security performance in each section of gained is added in rapid 302, obtains the generalized travel cost C of section n class usera, crossing inlet
The generalized travel cost of steering is E (ra→b)；
Step 4033: calculating minimum cost path collectionSpecifically, based on the section and intersection that are calculated in step 4032
Each path is added by the generalized travel cost in section, calculates between each OD pairs and own by the generalized travel cost that import turns to
The generalized travel cost in path:
Wherein,WithCoefficient is selected to sentence, if section and crossing inlet turn on the p of path, value 1, otherwise
It is 0；For the convenience of subsequent calculating, the smallest path of preceding 10 expenses is chosen between each OD pairs, forms minimum cost path
Set；
Step 4034: according to step 303 and 304 gained safety reliabilities, in conjunction with step 301 traveler for path safety
The attention rate of reliability, on the basis of the generalized travel cost obtained in step 4033, in addition the path of different travelers is pacified
Full reliability cost, formula are as follows:
And the minimum cost path that this stylish minimum cost path concentrates all kinds of travelers is exported, thus to obtain most tip
With the minimum cost path of m class traveler in path set
Step 4035: according to trip requirements in step 401, distributing the magnitude of traffic flow.Using having entirely completely without distribution method, by step
The demand of m class traveler is assigned on the shortest path of m class traveler between gained OD in 401, obtains the additional of each path
The volume of traffic
Step 4036: the current amount of traffic in current (g sub-distribution) each path is calculated with average weighted methodIt is public
Formula is as follows:
Embodiment two
Step 101: resident trip safety grounds routing behavior investigation
(1) investigation method.The present embodiment uses home visiting survey, is sampled house to by the resident within the scope of investigation administrative region of a city
It visits.Wherein sampling rate can be obtained according to enumeration district (ED) urban population number, inquiry table 1.Sample investigation uses stratified sampling method, implements
Step are as follows:
According to the small Division data of existing urban transportation, characterized by the land character of traffic zone, by traffic zone point
For dry type if (level)；
Traffic zone identical to property determines the sample size of each layering by cell population × sampling rate；
Random sampling visit to the parents of schoolchildren or young workers is carried out, is understood face to face by investigator and is examined by safety-efficiency of investigation resident's members
Amount behavior.
Table 1, household interview survey sampling rate inquiry table
(2) investigation content specifically includes that
Design the scenes such as different trip scenes, including different trip purposes, travel time, trip partner；
According to different scenes, traveler is investigated under various trip scenes to the degree of concern of safety；
According to different scenes, traveler for safety and out tradeoff row of line efficiency under various trip scenes is investigated
For.
RP investigation method, design seismic wave questionnaire can be used according to the above problem.By the way that different scenes are arranged, and with the shape of marking
Formula measures the due care degree of traveler and the tradeoff index of safety and efficiency.
(3) data prediction
The marking situation of every surveyee is recorded, and questionnaire result is organized into structural data shown in table 2
Form.
Table 2, traveler safety grounds routing behavior investigation result summary sheet
Step 102: city road network security performance data survey
Current embodiment require that obtaining the security performance data in each section of city road network.Including reflecting road average security performance
Accident information data, and reflection road safety unfailing performance traffic conflict related data.Traffic accident information data can be with
By traffic, relevant departments are obtained, including the location of accident information and the information such as its severity, property loss at least a year.
It should be noted that crossing accident needs locating steering position or ongoing steering when according to primary responsibility party's incident
Behavior is sorted out.Traffic conflict data are needed using traffic conflict technique for investigation, and by field investigation, obtaining includes conflict class
The information such as type and seriousness.For there are signalized intersections, the traffic conflict information in a signal period is investigated, for no signal
The conflicting information in Fixed Time Interval is investigated in intersection.Similarly, intersection conflict needs to turn to for the different of each import
It is recorded.It is drawn according to the information in section each in city road network based on the history casualty data and traffic conflict data being collected into
Make structural data as shown in Table 3 and Table 4.
Table 3, road accident information summary sheet
Note: PDO=only property loss
Table 4, road collision information summary sheet
Step 103: safe routing model parameter calculation
(1) traveler due care degree and safety-efficiency are measured index and are calculated
The present embodiment calculates the due care degree and peace of traveler under different trip scenes by the score data in table 2
Entirely-efficiency measures index, and score is bigger to indicate bigger to the attention rate of safety.By traveler under different scenes for closing safely
The marking situation of note degree can be appreciated that the safety preference of region resident, to obtain different due care degree under various scenes
Traveler ratio.Similarly, the traveler ratio of different tradeoff indexes under each scene can be obtained.Firstly, calculating under each scene
The accounting of different range score, such as: the 5% of surveyee Zhan total surveyee of the marking within the scope of 0-2, i.e., low attention rate
The 5% of the total traveler of traveler Zhan.Wherein, the segmentation criteria of score and classification number can be according to model requirements sets itselfs.So
Afterwards, safety-efficiency is calculated after the same method measure index.Finally, summarizing calculated result for structuring as shown in table 5
Data mode.
Table 5, traveler security psychology parameter summarized results
(2) road safety performance calculates
The present embodiment is according to the accident record occurred in each section or intersection, by the way that accident is scaled corresponding warp
Ji loses to quantify the average security performance in each section or intersection.According to the history accident information counted in table 3, existed with generation
Total cost caused by the traffic accident of the section or intersection calculates each section and intersection divided by data time span range
The average security performance E (r that each import turns toa) and E (ra→b), unit are as follows: member/min, calculation formula are as follows:
Or
Wherein,Accident z occurs for section a, a=(1,2 ..., A), the property loss of z=(1,2 ..., Z), N is is received
Collect the duration (year) of casualty data.
Then, the present embodiment by calculate each import in each section and intersection turn to traffic conflict in the period occur it is discrete
Situation determines the safety and reliability that each import in the section and intersection turns to, it is believed that traffic conflict frequency in each period
Stability (seeking variance) can the security reliability that turns to of each import in the secondary indication section and intersection, stability gets over high safety
Reliability is better.According to the traffic conflict information counted in table 4, firstly, calculating the side of traffic conflict frequency in each period
Difference；Then, the variance yields that each import in each section and intersection turns to is divided into low middle high three classes；Finally, to every a kind of section
The security reliability value different with each import steering matching in intersectionWithUnit are as follows: member/min, matching value reference table 6.
Table 6, road safety reliability match reference value
Finally, counting the property parameters value in each section and crossing inlet steering, including traffic capacity Ca, zero stream the time resistance
It is anti-With retardation coefficient α, average security performance collected by the existing roads such as β condition data and the present embodiment and safe and reliable
Performance data, and it is organized into structured data format as shown in table 7.
Table 7, road equipment parameter value summary sheet
So far, the safety-related psychological parameter of city dweller and road safety performance parameter are calculated and are finished.
Step 104: road network assignment of traffic
The present embodiment devises a set of traffic flow allocation algorithm based on safe routing model, and real by Matlab software
Existing algorithm.First according to the city road network structural information investigated in the past, draw comprising the road network topology knot including intersection turning
Composition (as shown in Figure 1), and the sensible relationship in the minizone according to structure chart generate sensible relationship square as shown in Figure 2
Battle array, wherein each row indicates each path between origin-to-destination, column indicate all sections passed through in path number.Then, root
According to the resident trip OD data between each traffic zone, trip requirement matrix (as shown in table 9) is generated, matrix first row indicates starting point
Cell, secondary series indicate to reach cell, the trip requirements amount between third column expression cell.
Now carry out traffic flow distribution, the specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: initialization model parameter
According to the calculated result in step 2, setting model parameter, comprising: the due care degree λ of travelerm, m=(1,
2 ..., M) be attention rate classification mesh number；Safety-efficiency measures index θn, n=(1,2 ..., N) is the classification mesh for measuring index
Number, the present invention choose five class indexs (table 5)；Safety-efficiency measures index θn, n=(1,2 ..., N) is the classification for measuring index
Mesh number, the present invention choose five class indexs (table 5)；It calculates error limit ε (according to required precision sets itself), user class m is in OD
Trip aggregate demand (Fig. 3) between；The information in each section, including 1. retardation coefficient α, β, 2. 0 stream times3. the traffic capacity
ca, 4. average securities, 5. security reliabilities.Fig. 4,5,6 illustrate the data setting format under MATLAB environment, wherein Fig. 5
And matrix element in Fig. 6 indicates that row represents section to arranging the steering represented between section.
Step 2: calculating path flow
(1) its transit time is calculated according to each link flow；Using BPR function, pass through the traffic capacity c in every sectiona
With zero stream timeEvery section is calculated in volume of traffic qaUnder transit time, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, α and β is retardation coefficient, and under primary condition, the magnitude of traffic flow is zero (qa=0), transit time was zero stream time
(2) generalized travel cost in each section and crossing inlet steering is calculated；Calculation formula are as follows:
Ca→b=E (ra→b)
By transit time multiplied by safety-efficiency tradeoff index θ of all kinds of travelersn, and the security performance phase with each section
Add, obtains section n class user section generalized travel cost Ca, the generalized travel cost that crossing inlet turns to is E
(ra→b)；
(3) minimum cost path collection is calculatedIt, will based on the generalized travel cost that above-mentioned section and crossing inlet turn to
Each path is added by the generalized travel cost in section, calculates the generalized travel cost in all paths between each OD pairs:
Wherein,WithCoefficient is selected to sentence, if section and crossing inlet turn on the p of path, value 1,
It otherwise is 0；For the convenience of subsequent calculating, the smallest path of preceding 10 expenses is chosen between each OD pairs, is formed
Minimum cost path set.Case of the present invention, which is only set, measures index θ by the average security of survey area city-efficiency
=4, do not carry out classification processing.Fig. 7 show path generalized cost when iteration for the first time between each OD.
(4) the broad sense trip of different travelers (different safety preferences) on each path in previous step least cost set is calculated
Expense, and export the minimum cost path that 10- minimum cost path concentrates all kinds of travelers.According to traveler for path safety
The security reliability attention rate of traveler, formula is added in the attention rate of reliability on the basis of the generalized cost of previous step are as follows:
The minimum cost path of m class traveler is concentrated thus to obtain 10- minimum cost pathPresent case
Traveler is divided into two classes, i.e. λ according to due care degree1=1, λ2=1.64, Fig. 8 are shown when iteration for the first time one between each OD
The path generalized cost of class crowd, Fig. 9 are the path generalized cost of two class crowds.
(5) magnitude of traffic flow is distributed on demand.Using having entirely completely without distribution method, by the demand of m class traveler between OD point
It is fitted on the shortest path of m class traveler, obtains the additional traffic amount in each pathPresent case sets all kinds of trips
Person is uniformly distributed in city dweller by equal proportion, and Figure 11 is the distribution volume of traffic after the two first iteration of class traveler.
(6) current amount of traffic in current (g sub-distribution) each path is calculated with average weighted methodFormula is as follows:
Third step updates the flow of section (or intersection entrance steering).According to link flow and sensible relational matrix, instead
Push away the flow x that path is turned to by all sections and crossing inletaOr xa→b.After Figure 12 is first iteration, by being back-calculated to obtain
The magnitude of traffic flow of each section distribution.
4th step judges whether to reach balanced.If section (crossing inlet steering) flow of the g times calculating with it is upper
Once less than error limit ε is calculated, (present case is set as ε=10 to the difference between the flow results of (the g-1 times) calculating-4), then
Stop calculating, the final distribution volume of traffic of section a can be obtained at this time, otherwise return to second step.Figure 13, which is illustrated, reaches balanced shape
After state, the magnitude of traffic flow of each section distribution, table 8 is the occurrence for reaching each road section traffic volume flow when equilibrium.
The traffic flow magnitude summary sheet in each section under 8. equilibrium state of table
It should also be noted that, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to nonexcludability
It include so that the process, method, commodity or the equipment that include a series of elements not only include those elements, but also to wrap
Include other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, commodity or equipment intrinsic want
Element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that including described want
There is also other identical elements in the process, method of element, commodity or equipment.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that embodiments herein can provide as method, system or computer program product.
Therefore, complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or embodiment combining software and hardware aspects can be used in the application
Form.It is deposited moreover, the application can be used to can be used in the computer that one or more wherein includes computer usable program code
The shape for the computer program product implemented on storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.)
Formula.
Although describing the present invention by reference to various embodiments above, but it is to be understood that of the invention not departing from
In the case where range, many changes and modifications can be carried out.Therefore, be intended to foregoing detailed description be considered as it is illustrative and
It is unrestricted, and it is to be understood that following following claims (including all equivalents) is intended to limit spirit and model of the invention
It encloses.The above embodiment is interpreted as being merely to illustrate the present invention rather than limit the scope of the invention.It is reading
After the content of record of the invention, technical staff can be made various changes or modifications the present invention, these equivalence changes and
Modification equally falls into the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of city road network traffic flow amount distribution method, which comprises the following steps:
Step 101: resident trip safety grounds routing behavior investigation obtains traveler safety grounds routing behavior investigation result；
Step 102: the investigation of city road network security performance obtains the security performance data in each section of city road network；
Step 103: safe routing model parameter calculation obtains the parameter value in model；
Step 104: using safe routing model, distribute road network flow, obtain the magnitude of traffic flow in each section under equilibrium state.
2. city road network traffic flow amount distribution method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that resident described in step 101
Safety is considered routing behavior investigation and is further included steps of
S1: respondent is sampled, wherein the sampling uses stratified sampling method；
S2: using RP investigation method, implements resident trip safety grounds routing behavior investigation, obtains traveler safety grounds routing row
For investigation result, and statistical findings.
3. resident trip safety grounds routing behavior investigation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step S2 institute
Investigation, specially household interview survey are stated, obtains survey data face to face；The investigation content includes: to assume that there are m class differences for this area
The traveler of the traveler of due care degree and n class difference tradeoff standard, investigates traveler to the degree of concern of safety, and return
Class is investigated traveler for safety and the tradeoff behavior of line efficiency out, and is sorted out.
4. city road network traffic flow amount distribution method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that city described in step 102
The security performance data in each section of road network specifically include the accident information data of reflection road average security performance, and reflection road
The traffic conflict related data of road safety and reliability.
5. city road network traffic flow amount distribution method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that thing described in step 102
Therefore information data, specifically include the information such as location of accident information and its severity, the property loss at least a year, intersection
Locating steering position or ongoing steering behavior are sorted out when accident is needed according to primary responsibility party's incident.
6. city road network traffic flow amount distribution method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that friendship described in step 102
Logical conflict related data, specifically includes the conflict information such as type and seriousness, and intersection conflict needs the difference for each import
Steering is recorded.
7. city road network traffic flow amount distribution method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that peace described in step 103
Full routing model parameter calculation, further includes steps of
Step 301: the traveler safety grounds routing behavior investigation according to step 101 closes safely as a result, summarizing traveler
Note degree and safety-efficiency measure index, calculate under each due care degree the traveler accounting of (or measuring under index), and summarize for
Structural data；
Step 302: according to step 102 accident information data obtained, with the traffic accident occurred in the section or intersection
Generated total cost calculates the average security performance that each import in each section and intersection turns to divided by data time span range
E(ra) and E (ra→b), unit are as follows: member/min, calculation formula are as follows:
Or
Wherein,Occur accident z for section a, a=(1,2 ..., A), the property loss of z=(1,2 ..., Z),To intersect
Mouth turns to a → b and accident occursProperty loss, N be collected casualty data duration；
Step 303: according to the traffic conflict data in step 102, calculating each import in each section and intersection and turn to friendship in the period
The discrete case that logical conflict occurs determines the safety and reliability that each import in the section and intersection turns to, it is believed that in each period
The stability of traffic conflict frequency can the security reliability that turns to of each import in the secondary indication section and intersection, stability
More high safety reliability is better, and concrete operations are the variance yields for calculating traffic conflict frequency in each period, and by each section
The variance size for turning to number of collisions with each import in intersection is divided into basic, normal, high three classes, to every a kind of section and each import in intersection
It turns to and matches different security reliability valuesWithUnit are as follows: member/min；
Step 304: counting the property parameters value in each section and crossing inlet steering, comprising: each road is obtained according to historical summary
The traffic capacity C of section and intersectiona, zero stream time impedanceWith retardation coefficient α, the existing roads condition data such as β, and according to
The resulting road average security performance of step 302, step 303 and safety and reliability data, and it is organized into structural data lattice
Formula.
8. city road network traffic flow amount distribution method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that road described in step 104
The distribution of net flow rate calculation, further includes steps of
Step 401: first according to the city road network structural information in historical summary, drawing comprising the road network including intersection turning
Topology diagram, the sensible relationship in the minizone according to structure chart, generates sensible relational matrix, according between each traffic zone
Resident trip OD data, generate trip requirement matrix；
Step 402: according to step 301 as a result, traveler safety preference parameter in input model, comprising: different safety are closed
The traveler accounting λ of note degreem, m=(1,2 ..., M) is that traveler classification mesh number and difference safety-efficiency measure going out for index
Passerby's accounting θn, n=(1,2 ..., N) is traveler classification mesh number；And according to the statistics in step 304 and step 401,
Input model primary data, information (1. retardation coefficient α, β, 2. 0 stream times including each section3. traffic capacity ca, it is 4. flat
Equal safety, 5. security reliabilities) and trip requirements of the user class m between OD pairs, it concurrently sets model and calculates error limit ε
(according to required precision sets itself)；
Step 403: using the choosing of traveler path, then model calculates path flow；
Step 404: counter to push away path process by the sensible relational matrix in step 401 according to step 403 gained path flow
The flow that all sections and crossing inlet turn to updates the flow in section and intersection entrance steering；
Step 405: judging whether to reach balanced, according to step 404, if the section of this calculating and crossing inlet turn to
Flow, the difference between flow results calculated with the last time are less than the calculating error limit ε set in step 402, then stop
It calculates, the final distribution volume of traffic of section a can be obtained at this time, otherwise return step 403.
9. city road network traffic flow amount distribution method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that adopted described in step 403
With the choosing of traveler path, then model calculates path flow, further includes steps of
Step 4031: its transit time is calculated according to each link flow；BPR function is specially used, it is every as obtained by step 304
The traffic capacity c in sectionaWith zero stream timeEvery section is calculated in volume of traffic qaUnder transit time, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, α and β is the retardation coefficient that obtains in step 304, and under primary condition, the magnitude of traffic flow zero, transit time is zero stream
Time
Step 4032: calculating the generalized travel cost in each section and crossing inlet steering；Calculation formula are as follows:
Ca→b=E (ra→b)
By its transit time required in step 4031 multiplied by safety-efficiency tradeoff index θ of all kinds of travelersn, and with step 302
The security performance in middle each section of gained is added, and obtains the generalized travel cost C of section n class usera, what crossing inlet turned to
Generalized travel cost is E (ra→b)；
Step 4033: calculating minimum cost path collectionSpecifically, based on the section and crossing inlet that are calculated in step 4032
Each path is added by the generalized travel cost in section, calculates all paths between each OD pairs by the generalized travel cost of steering
Generalized travel cost:
Wherein,WithCoefficient is selected to sentence, if section and crossing inlet turn on the p of path, otherwise value 1 is 0；
For the convenience of subsequent calculating, the smallest path of preceding 10 expenses is chosen between each OD pairs, forms minimum cost path set；
Step 4034: safe and reliable for path in conjunction with step 301 traveler according to step 303 and 304 gained safety reliabilities
The attention rate of property, on the basis of the generalized travel cost obtained in step 4033, in addition the path of different travelers safely may be used
By property cost, formula are as follows:
And the minimum cost path that this stylish minimum cost path concentrates all kinds of travelers is exported, thus to obtain least cost road
The minimum cost path of diameter concentration m class traveler
Step 4035: according to trip requirements in step 401, the magnitude of traffic flow is distributed, using having entirely completely without distribution method, by step 401
The demand of m class traveler is assigned on the shortest path of m class traveler between middle gained OD, obtains the additional traffic in each path
Amount
Step 4036: the current amount of traffic in current (g sub-distribution) each path is calculated with average weighted methodFormula is such as
Under:
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