CN110378290A - A kind of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method and system - Google Patents

A kind of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method and system Download PDF

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CN110378290A
CN110378290A CN201910659404.4A CN201910659404A CN110378290A CN 110378290 A CN110378290 A CN 110378290A CN 201910659404 A CN201910659404 A CN 201910659404A CN 110378290 A CN110378290 A CN 110378290A
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image data
optical image
cloud
body information
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李琳
李小涛
路京选
曲伟
雷添杰
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China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
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China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method and system, and wherein method includes obtaining cloudy optical image data, further comprising the steps of: to carry out cloud sector extraction to the optical image data；Calculate image NDVI；Non- water area is eliminated to the image of extraction effect.A kind of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method proposed by the present invention and system, the cloud Shadow recognition model that the cloud based on spectral signature extracts model and establishes according to positional relationship is established, realizes that flood submergence ratio quickly quick and precisely extracts on this basis.

Description

A kind of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic analogy, especially a kind of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information Rapid extracting method and system.
Background technique
When flood occurs, submergence ratio is obtained in time, it is most important for understanding the condition of a disaster and organization arrangement's disaster relief.Flood In flooded disaster monitoring, general meteorological condition is poor, and monitoring image more or less has the influence of cloud, Yun Yinying, directlys adopt water It is larger that body extracts model extraction flooding area information error.Cloud shadow extraction is generally carried out according to the geometrical relationship between cloud and shade It rejects.
Published on " people the Changjiang river " magazine in 2010 Feng Jintao and Zhou Xinzhi article " Bao Yun covering under mountain area river Road water body remote sensing image Study on Extraction Method ", this article weakens cloud and mist using based on the improved same too filtering of wavelet transformation first, so Normalized differential vegetation index method (RVI) is improved afterwards, Bao Yun is obtained and covers lower mountain area water body index (CMWI), eliminate Bao Yun Interference, realize the Fuzzy Processing in mountain area gully, highlight water body.After image enhancement, river water body clearly be can be changed, and is suitable for The work of mountain channel remote sensing monitoring.The disadvantages of the method are as follows there are better effects to the Clean water withdraw under the covering of thin cloud, but to tool The Clean water withdraw for the image for having spissatus area and spissatus shadow region to influence is ineffective.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information proposed by the present invention is fast Fast extracting method and system establish the cloud Shadow recognition mould that the cloud based on spectral signature extracts model and establishes according to positional relationship Type realizes that flood submergence ratio quickly quick and precisely extracts on this basis.
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method, packet It includes and obtains cloudy optical image data, further comprising the steps of:
Step 1: cloud sector extraction is carried out to the optical image data；
Step 2: calculating image NDVI；
Step 3: eliminating non-water area to the image of extraction effect.
Preferably, the cloud sector includes cloud covered areas and/or cloud shadow region.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the cloud covered areas is to meet LB1、LB2、LB3And LB4Simultaneously greater than threshold value The region of T condition, wherein LB1、LB2、LB3And LB4Respectively the brightness value of B1 wave band, B2 wave band, B3 wave band and B4 wave band, B1 are Multispectral image orchid wave band, B2 are the green wave band of multispectral image, B3 is the red wave band of multispectral image, B4 is that multispectral image is closely red Wave section.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, direction offset of the cloud covered areas on longitude and latitude is calculated, Obtain cloud shadow region.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the calculation formula of the longitudinal offset Δ X are as follows:
Wherein, h is ceiling of clouds, solar elevation when θ is video imaging,Solar azimuth when for video imaging Angle.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the calculation formula of latitude direction offset are as follows:
Wherein, h is ceiling of clouds, solar elevation when θ is video imaging,Solar azimuth when for video imaging Angle.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the calculation formula of the image NDVI are as follows:
NDVI=(B4-B3)/(B4+B3)
Wherein, B3 is the red wave band of multispectral image, and B4 is multispectral image near infrared band.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the step 2 further includes working as institute using cloud sector and cloud shadow region as exposure mask The region is water body area when stating image less than threshold value N, and wherein N is constant.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the step 3 further includes according to extraction as a result, determining B4 wave band brightness value Region greater than threshold value W is non-water body area.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information quick extraction system, packet The data acquisition module for obtaining cloudy optical image data is included, further includes with lower module:
Cloud sector extraction module: for carrying out cloud sector extraction to the optical image data；
Computing module: for calculating image NDVI；
Cancellation module: for eliminating non-water area to the image of extraction effect.
Preferably, the cloud sector is cloud covered areas and/or cloud shadow region.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the cloud covered areas is to meet LB1、LB2、LB3And LB4Simultaneously greater than threshold value The region of T condition, wherein LB1、LB2、LB3And LB4Respectively the brightness value of B1 wave band, B2 wave band, B3 wave band and B4 wave band, B1 are Multispectral image orchid wave band, B2 are the green wave band of multispectral image, B3 is the red wave band of multispectral image, B4 is that multispectral image is closely red Wave section.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, direction offset of the cloud covered areas on longitude and latitude is calculated, Obtain the cloud shadow region.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the calculation formula of the longitudinal offset Δ X are as follows:
Wherein, h is ceiling of clouds, solar elevation when θ is video imaging,Solar azimuth when for video imaging Angle.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the calculation formula of latitude direction offset are as follows:
Wherein, h is ceiling of clouds, solar elevation when θ is video imaging,Solar azimuth when for video imaging Angle.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the calculation formula of the image NDVI are as follows:
NDVI=(B4-B3)/(B4+B3)
Wherein, B3 is the red wave band of multispectral image, and B4 is multispectral image near infrared band.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the computing module is also used to using cloud sector and cloud shadow region as exposure mask, When the image is less than threshold value N, the region is water body area, and wherein N is constant.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the cancellation module is also used to further include according to extraction as a result, determining B4 Region of the wave band brightness value greater than threshold value W is non-water body area.
The invention proposes a kind of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method and system, Neng Gouwei The use of optical satellite data provides easy to operate, the reliable effective ways of precision during flood occurs.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a preferred implementation of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method according to the invention The flow chart of example.
Fig. 2 is a preferred implementation of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information quick extraction system according to the invention The module map of example.
Fig. 3 is another preferred reality of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method according to the invention Apply the Clean water withdraw model flow figure of example.
Fig. 4 is the as shown in Figure 3 of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method according to the invention The cloud shade displacement diagram of embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the as shown in Figure 3 of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method according to the invention The multispectral image cloud of embodiment and other ground-object spectrum figures.
Fig. 6 is the as shown in Figure 3 of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method according to the invention Each wave band brightness value figure of the typically object point of embodiment.
Fig. 7 is an embodiment of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method according to the invention Satellite image original image.
Fig. 7 A is the as shown in Figure 7 of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method according to the invention The water body index threshold method of embodiment directly extracts result figure.
Fig. 7 B is the as shown in Figure 7 of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method according to the invention The water removal cloud of embodiment influences Clean water withdraw result figure.
Fig. 7 C is the as shown in Figure 7 of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method according to the invention The removal cloud and cloud shadow effect of embodiment extract result figure.
Fig. 7 D is the as shown in Figure 7 of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method according to the invention Removal cloud, Yun Yinying and the settlement place of embodiment influence Clean water withdraw result figure.
Fig. 8 is another embodiment of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method according to the invention Satellite image original image.
Fig. 8 A is the as shown in Figure 8 of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method according to the invention The water body index threshold method of embodiment directly extracts result figure.
Fig. 8 B is the as shown in Figure 8 of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method according to the invention The water removal cloud of embodiment influences Clean water withdraw result figure.
Fig. 8 C is the as shown in Figure 8 of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method according to the invention The removal cloud and cloud shadow effect of embodiment extract result figure.
Fig. 8 D is the as shown in Figure 8 of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method according to the invention Removal cloud, Yun Yinying and the settlement place of embodiment influence Clean water withdraw result figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated with specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method, executes step 100, obtains Cloudy optical image data are taken, that is, obtain the optical image data that radar or satellite take.Step 110 is executed, to described Optical image data carry out cloud covered areas extraction.Cloud covered areas is to meet LB1、LB2、LB3And LB4Simultaneously greater than threshold value T condition Region (in the present embodiment, the value range of T is T > 600), wherein LB1、LB2、LB3And LB4Respectively B1 wave band, B2 wave band, The brightness value of B3 wave band and B4 wave band, set B1 as multispectral image orchid wave band, B2 be the green wave band of multispectral image, B3 is mostly light Compose the red wave band of image, B4 is multispectral image near infrared band.Step 120 is executed, cloud yin is carried out to the optical image data It extracts in shadow zone.Direction offset of the cloud covered areas on longitude and latitude obtains cloud shadow region.Longitudinal offset Δ X's Calculation formula isThe calculation formula of latitude direction offset are as follows:Wherein, H is ceiling of clouds, the solar elevation (in the present embodiment, the value range of θ is 0-90 degree) when θ is video imaging,For Solar azimuth when video imaging is (in the present embodiment,Value range be 0-90 degree).
Step 130 is executed, image NDVI is calculated, and using cloud sector and cloud shadow region as exposure mask, when the image is less than threshold The region is water body area when value N, and wherein N is constant (in the present embodiment, the value range of N is N < 0).The calculating of image NDVI Formula are as follows: NDVI=(B4-B3)/(B4+B3), wherein B3 is the red wave band of multispectral image, and B4 is multispectral image near-infrared wave Section.
Step 140 is executed, eliminates non-water area to the image of extraction effect.According to extraction as a result, determining that B4 wave band is bright The region that angle value is greater than threshold value W (in the present embodiment, the value range of W is W >=400) is non-water body area.
Step 150 is executed, final extraction result is generated.
Embodiment two
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information quick extraction system, including data acquisition mould Block 200, cloud sector extraction module 210, computing module 220 and cancellation module 230.
Data acquisition module 200 obtains the light that radar or satellite take for obtaining cloudy optical image data Learn image data.
Cloud sector extraction module 210 be used for the optical image data carry out cloud sector extraction, cloud sector be cloud covered areas and/or Cloud shadow region.Cloud covered areas is to meet LB1、LB2、LB3And LB4Simultaneously greater than region (in the present embodiment, the T of threshold value T condition Value range is T > 600), wherein LB1、LB2、LB3And LB4The respectively brightness of B1 wave band, B2 wave band, B3 wave band and B4 wave band Value, B1 is multispectral image orchid wave band, B2 is the green wave band of multispectral image, B3 is the red wave band of multispectral image, B4 is multispectral Image near infrared band.By calculating direction offset of the cloud covered areas on longitude and latitude, cloud shadow region is obtained.Longitude side To the calculation formula of offset Δ X are as follows:The calculation formula of latitude direction offset are as follows:Wherein, h is ceiling of clouds, solar elevation when θ is video imaging (in the present embodiment, θ Value range is 0-90 degree),Solar azimuth when for video imaging is (in the present embodiment,Value range be 0-90 Degree).
Computing module 220 is for calculating image NDVI.The calculation formula of image NDVI are as follows: NDVI=(B4-B3)/(B4+ B3), wherein B3 is the red wave band of multispectral image, and B4 is multispectral image near infrared band.Computing module 220 is also used to cloud The shadow region Qu Yuyun is as exposure mask, and when the image is less than threshold value N, the region is water body area, and wherein N is constant (in this implementation In example, the value range of N is N < 0).
Cancellation module 230 is for eliminating non-water area to the image of extraction effect, according to extraction as a result, determining B4 wave band The region that brightness value is greater than threshold value W (in the present embodiment, the value range of W is W >=400) is non-water body area.
Embodiment three
This research is intended to establish the cloud Shadow recognition that the cloud based on spectral signature extracts model and establishes according to positional relationship Model realizes that flood submergence ratio quickly quick and precisely extracts on this basis.This method and system are flood The use of period optical satellite data provides easy to operate, the reliable effective ways of precision.
By extracting cloud, cloud shadow region to all kinds of atural objects, Yun Jiyun shade spectral signature, structure characteristic analysis, establish Cloud, cloud shadow region exposure mask, using water body index method rapidly extracting water body range.
Cloud, Yun Yinying and the multiple typically object points of other atural object images are acquired, cloud and other atural object image features is analyzed, builds Vertical cloud, Yun Yinying and its other ground-object spectrum indicatrixes Fig. 2, it can be seen that high reflection feature is all presented in each wave band in cloud.Cloud Shade is the shade formed due to shining upon cloud on ground, since incident ray is there are angle, cloud shadow region be not The underface of cloud, has certain deviation, is thinking that incident ray is directional light, ceiling of clouds is in the consistent feelings of local zone height Under condition, offset can be calculated by image solar elevation, solar azimuth, cloud covered areas is translated, cloud shadow region is obtained.
Image data is multispectral through ortho-rectification data using high score 1.
Extracting method is as shown in Figure 3.
B1 is set as multispectral image orchid wave band, B2 is the green wave band of multispectral image, and B3 is the red wave band of multispectral image, B4 For multispectral image near infrared band, LB1、LB2、LB3、LB4For B1 wave band, B2 wave band, B3 wave band, B4 wave band brightness value.
1) cloud sector is extracted: meeting LB1、LB2、LB3、LB4(value range: region > 600) is cloud covering to simultaneously greater than threshold value T Area.
2) cloud shadow extraction: the direction longitude (Δ X) latitude (Δ Y) offset is calculated according to lower formula, mobile cloud sector obtains Cloud shadow region, as shown in Figure 4.
Wherein, h (value range: 1km-10km) is ceiling of clouds, when θ (value range: 0-90 degree) is video imaging Solar elevation, solar azimuth when φ (value range: 0-360 degree) is video imaging.
3) image NDVI=(B4-B3)/(B4+B3) is calculated, (i.e. this region is non-as exposure mask with cloud shadow region using cloud sector Water body area), less than threshold value NDVI is taken, (value range: < 0) area is water body area to NDVI.
4) eliminate settlement place influences on result is extracted.It is extracted according to upper as a result, B4 wave band brightness value is greater than threshold value W (value Range: >=400) Qu Weifei water body area, the wave spectrum shown in fig. 5 for cloud or other atural objects, shown in fig. 6 is typically object wave Section brightness value.
Example IV
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, choosing No. 1 Shandong of high score Shouguang imaging image on June 9th, 2018 nearby, warp Ortho-rectification processing.It is as follows to extract result:
Fig. 7 A is that water body index threshold method (NDVI < -0.02) is used directly to extract water body as a result, water body is in coloured area in figure Area is extracted, wherein dark area is correct water body area, light area is the area Cuo Ti, it can be seen that it is very high accidentally to propose rate；
Fig. 7 B is removal cloud sector (LB1andLB2andLB3andLB4> 600) afterwards Clean water withdraw as a result, in figure coloured area be water body Area is extracted, wherein dark area is correct water body area, light area is the area Cuo Ti, it can be seen that accidentally proposes rate and is greatly decreased；
Fig. 7 C is (Δ X=590 after removal cloud, cloud shade；Δ Y=-217) Clean water withdraw is as a result, coloured Qu Weishui in figure Body extracts area, wherein dark area is correct water body area, light area is the area Cuo Ti, it can be seen that accidentally proposes rate and further reduces；
Fig. 7 D be eliminate cloud, after Yun Yinying and settlement place (W > 400) influence Clean water withdraw as a result, black region is water body in figure Extract area, it can be seen that Clean water withdraw result has degree of precision.
Embodiment five
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 8, the Coast of Guangdong Province 2018 of high score 1 imaging image on May 20 is chosen, through just Penetrate correction process.It is as follows to extract result:
Fig. 8 A is that water body index threshold method (NDVI < 0) is used directly to extract water body as a result, Clean water withdraw is in coloured area in figure Area, wherein dark area is correct water body area, light area is the area Cuo Ti；
Fig. 8 B is removal cloud sector (LB1andLB2andLB3andLB4> 800) afterwards Clean water withdraw as a result, in figure coloured area be water body Area is extracted, wherein dark area is correct water body area, light area is the area Cuo Ti, it can be seen that it accidentally proposes rate and is greatly decreased；
Fig. 8 C is removal cloud, Yun Yinying (Δ X=-134；Δ Y=63) afterwards Clean water withdraw as a result, in figure coloured area be water body Area is extracted, wherein dark area is correct water body area, light area is the area Cuo Ti, it can be seen that it accidentally proposes rate and further reduces；
Fig. 8 D be eliminate cloud, after Yun Yinying and settlement place (W > 400) influence Clean water withdraw as a result, black region is water body in figure Extract area, it can be seen that Clean water withdraw result has degree of precision.
For a better understanding of the present invention, the above combination specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, but are not Limitation of the present invention.Any simple modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the invention, still belongs to In the range of technical solution of the present invention.In this specification the highlights of each of the examples are it is different from other embodiments it Locate, the same or similar part cross-reference between each embodiment.For system embodiments, due to itself and method Embodiment corresponds to substantially, so being described relatively simple, the relevent part can refer to the partial explaination of embodiments of method.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method, including cloudy optical image data are obtained, It is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of:
Step 1: cloud sector extraction is carried out to the optical image data；
Step 2: calculating image NDVI；
Step 3: eliminating non-water area to the image of extraction effect.
2. cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute Stating cloud sector includes cloud covered areas and/or cloud shadow region.
3. cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that institute Stating cloud covered areas is to meet LB1、LB2、LB3And LB4The simultaneously greater than region of threshold value T condition, wherein LB1、LB2、LB3And LB4Respectively For B1 wave band, B2 wave band, B3 wave band and B4 wave band brightness value, B1 is multispectral image orchid wave band, B2 is that multispectral image is green Wave band, B3 are the red wave band of multispectral image, B4 is multispectral image near infrared band.
4. cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that meter Direction offset of the cloud covered areas on longitude and latitude is calculated, the cloud shadow region is obtained.
5. cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that institute State the calculation formula of longitudinal offset Δ X are as follows:
Wherein, h is ceiling of clouds, solar elevation when θ is video imaging,Solar azimuth when for video imaging.
6. cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that institute State the calculation formula of latitude direction offset are as follows:
Wherein, h is ceiling of clouds, solar elevation when θ is video imaging,Solar azimuth when for video imaging.
7. cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that institute State the calculation formula of image NDVI are as follows:
NDVI=(B4-B3)/(B4+B3)
Wherein, B3 is the red wave band of multispectral image, and B4 is multispectral image near infrared band.
8. cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that institute Stating step 2 further includes using cloud sector and cloud shadow region as exposure mask, and when the image is less than threshold value N, the region is water body area, Middle N is constant.
9. cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that institute Stating step 3 further includes according to extraction as a result, determining that region of the B4 wave band brightness value greater than threshold value W is non-water body area.
10. a kind of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information quick extraction system, including for obtaining cloudy optical image The data acquisition module of data, which is characterized in that further include with lower module:
Cloud sector extraction module: for carrying out cloud sector extraction to the optical image data；
Computing module: for calculating image NDVI；
Cancellation module: for eliminating non-water area to the image of extraction effect.
CN201910659404.4A 2019-07-22 2019-07-22 A kind of cloudy optical image data flood Water-Body Information rapid extracting method and system Pending CN110378290A (en)

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