CN110376286B - Intelligent automatic ultrasonic detection system and method for in-service basin-type insulator - Google Patents
Intelligent automatic ultrasonic detection system and method for in-service basin-type insulator Download PDFInfo
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- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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- G01N29/048—Marking the faulty objects
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
- G01N29/0654—Imaging
- G01N29/069—Defect imaging, localisation and sizing using, e.g. time of flight diffraction [TOFD], synthetic aperture focusing technique [SAFT], Amplituden-Laufzeit-Ortskurven [ALOK] technique
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- G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent automatic ultrasonic detection system and method for an in-service basin-type insulator. The detection system comprises a detection process library, a self-adaptive data acquisition module and an intelligent data analysis module; the detection process library comprises an insulator part with a typical structure and a common detection process, provides process parameters required to be set for the self-adaptive data acquisition module, and provides geometric structure parameters of the insulator for the intelligent data analysis module; the self-adaptive data acquisition module provides detection data for the intelligent data analysis module; the intelligent data analysis module realizes automatic defect positioning according to the corresponding relation between the detection geometric structure parameters and the detection data; the invention utilizes an intelligent automatic ultrasonic detection system to detect the internal defects of the in-service basin-type insulator. The invention realizes accurate and rapid detection and positioning of defects such as air holes, cracks and the like in the basin-type insulator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical insulation equipment safety online monitoring, and particularly relates to an intelligent automatic ultrasonic detection system and method for internal defects of an in-service basin-type insulator.
Background
The basin insulator is an important part of gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear (GIS) of a transformer substation, plays an important role in isolating adjacent gas chambers, supporting conductors and insulating, and is a foundation for ensuring safe and reliable operation of a power grid. Due to the existence of internal defects of the insulator, the non-standard field installation and fastening operation and other factors, the insulator is broken and the GIS air leakage accident is caused, so that the safe and stable operation of the power grid equipment is greatly influenced.
At present, the detection of the internal defects of the basin-type insulator mainly comprises two types of factory inspection and in-service inspection. The factory inspection mainly adopts an X-ray imaging technology to detect internal air holes, but after the basin-type insulator is installed and cured in a transformer substation, the radiation detection is not applicable because the transparent surface is sealed in the GIS shell. In-service inspection is mainly realized by monitoring partial discharge and online monitoring of SF6 gas, but the partial discharge detection is only sensitive to defects close to the central conductor and is not sensitive to defects at the edge of the basin-type insulator; although the SF6 gas online monitoring contains rich insulation state information, the SF6 gas online monitoring cannot be directly used for evaluating the structural integrity of the basin-type insulator, and the fault part cannot be accurately judged and replaced. Therefore, the development of a nondestructive testing method for testing the insulating device without damage in a non-disassembly state has important significance for guaranteeing the safety of electrical equipment.
The ultrasonic detection technology is an important means for detecting the internal defects of the solid material, but for the basin-type insulator, there are several difficulties: (1) structures such as metal inserts and vent holes exist in the basin-type insulator, and the structures can reflect ultrasonic propagation signals and generate structure interference signals, so that defect judgment is influenced; (2) the basin-type insulators are various in types, the internal structure, the external diameter and the like are changed, the problems of low efficiency, inaccurate positioning, missing judgment and the like exist by only depending on manual analysis, and a quick, accurate and reliable evaluation method is needed for field detection; (3) the material of the basin-type insulator is generally a composite material system composed of epoxy resin and alumina particles, the attenuation of ultrasonic waves is large, and when the outer diameter of the basin-type insulator is large, the ultrasonic waves have to have enough energy. Therefore, the problems that how to realize intelligent judgment of defect signals through automatic ultrasonic scanning and imaging, how to realize detection of full coverage of the basin-type insulator through high-energy ultrasonic signal emission control and the like need to be comprehensively considered and solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent automatic ultrasonic detection system and method capable of realizing internal defects of an in-service basin-type insulator so as to accurately and quickly detect and locate internal defects such as air holes, cracks and the like of the basin-type insulator.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the intelligent automatic ultrasonic detection system for the in-service basin-type insulator comprises a detection process library, a self-adaptive data acquisition module and an intelligent data analysis module; the detection process library comprises an insulator part with a typical structure and a common detection process, provides process parameters required to be set for the self-adaptive data acquisition module, and provides geometric structure parameters of the insulator for the intelligent data analysis module; the self-adaptive data acquisition module provides detection data for the intelligent data analysis module; the intelligent data analysis module realizes automatic defect positioning according to the corresponding relation between the detection geometric structure parameters and the detection data;
the self-adaptive acquisition module comprises a high-energy ultrasonic pulse transceiving device, an automatic scanning device, an ultrasonic transducer, a data acquisition card, a control card and a computer, wherein the computer is respectively connected with the data acquisition card and the control card, the data acquisition card, the high-energy ultrasonic pulse transceiving device and the automatic scanning device are sequentially connected in series, and the automatic scanning device is provided with the ultrasonic transducer; the control card is connected with the automatic scanning device and used for controlling the automatic scanning device.
The invention also adopts the following technical scheme that the detection method of the intelligent automatic ultrasonic detection system by utilizing the in-service basin insulator detects the internal defects of the in-service basin insulator by utilizing the intelligent automatic ultrasonic detection system, and the detection method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) measuring a detection object, and acquiring the diameter of the basin-type insulator, the position coordinate and the diameter of the central insert, the position coordinate and the diameter of the through hole, and the position coordinate and the diameter of all threaded holes;
2) selecting a structural form of the basin-type insulator from a detection process library, introducing measured geometric parameters to form a two-dimensional cross-sectional diagram of a detection object, and calculating the coverage area of a main sound ray according to the intersection condition of the main sound ray of the transducer and circles representing a threaded hole, a through hole and a central insert in the basin-type insulator;
3) fixing a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer on a clamp of an automatic scanning device, assembling the automatic scanning device on the outer ring end face of the in-service basin-type insulator, and ensuring that the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer is tightly attached to the end face of the insulator;
4) setting an instrument sampling length N according to the selected instrument sampling frequency Fs and the radius r of the basin-type insulator, setting M sampling position points along the outer ring of the basin-type insulator, and synchronously triggering the signal transmitting, receiving and storing processes of the high-energy ultrasonic pulse transceiving device in a stepping mode through the motion of the automatic scanning device, so that a data matrix with the structure of N M is obtained after the scanning along the circumference of the basin-type insulator is completed;
5) constructing a zero matrix of 2N by 2N, and deflecting the data of the M position points clockwise according to the corresponding angles of the position points, namely deflecting the 2 nd sampling position point
3 rd sample position deflection
Up to the Mth sample point deflection
Filling all deflected data into a 2N-2N zero matrix, corroding and filling to form a data image similar to the two-dimensional cross section of the basin-type insulator, and displaying the data image in an overlapping manner with the two-dimensional cross section;
6) judging structure echo caused by the threaded hole, the central insert and the through hole according to the superposed display interface, displaying a signal which is not superposed with the structure, determining the position angle of the maximum amplitude according to the position of the maximum amplitude, and directly reading and recording the angle of the maximum amplitude and the distance between the maximum amplitude and the circle center if the threaded hole, the central insert and the through hole are not stored on the radius line of the angle; if the threaded hole, the central insert and the through hole exist on the radius line of the angle, the defect position is corrected and positioned according to the law of sound wave reflection.
The invention realizes accurate and rapid detection and positioning of defects such as air holes, cracks and the like in the basin-type insulator.
Furthermore, the waves emitted by the high-energy ultrasonic pulse transceiving device are high-energy ultrasonic waves, namely the maximum emission voltage is 1200V, and the maximum number of pulse cycles is 5 cycles; the ultrasonic transducer is a low-frequency sensor, and the frequency range is 0.5MHz-2 MHz.
Further, the determination principle of the number M of sampling position points in automatic scanning is as follows: the overlapping rate of the ultrasonic transducer transmitting sound fields between two samples is ensured to be not less than 50%.
Further, the ultrasonic transducer is a piezoelectric sensor or a non-contact ultrasonic sensor for conventional ultrasonic detection sampling, such as an air-coupled ultrasonic sensor or a laser ultrasonic sensor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the ultrasonic two-dimensional imaging device can rapidly scan and image the basin-type insulator with any structural form and any size, and rapidly assess the type and position of the defect by overlapping the ultrasonic two-dimensional imaging and the structure of the basin-type insulator, thereby being beneficial to finishing the replacement of the damaged insulator before the power grid accident happens.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an intelligent automated ultrasonic testing system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic layout of an intelligent automated ultrasonic inspection system during inspection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circular image generated in the presence of a defect in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circular image and insulator structure superimposed with a defect in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for rapidly determining defect display signals based on superimposed images in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the defect location correction based on the ultrasonic reflection path in the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-a computer, 2-a data acquisition card, 3-a high-energy ultrasonic pulse transceiver, 4-a control card, 5-an automatic scanning device, 6-an ultrasonic transducer, 7-a basin-type insulator, 8-a central insert, 9-a through hole and 10-a threaded hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an intelligent automatic ultrasonic detection system for an in-service basin-type insulator, which is composed of a detection process library, a self-adaptive data acquisition module and an intelligent data analysis module, as shown in fig. 1; the detection process library comprises an insulator part with a typical structure and a common detection process, provides process parameters required to be set for the self-adaptive data acquisition module, and provides geometric structure parameters of the insulator for the intelligent data analysis module; the self-adaptive data acquisition module provides detection data for the intelligent data analysis module; the intelligent data analysis module realizes automatic defect positioning according to the corresponding relation between the detection geometric structure parameters and the detection data;
as shown in fig. 2, the adaptive acquisition module includes a high-energy ultrasonic pulse transceiver 3, an automatic scanning device 5, an ultrasonic transducer 6, a data acquisition card 2, a control card 4 and a computer 1, the computer 1 is respectively connected with the data acquisition card 2 and the control card 4, the data acquisition card 2, the high-energy ultrasonic pulse transceiver 3 and the automatic scanning device 5 are sequentially connected in series, and the automatic scanning device 5 is provided with the ultrasonic transducer 6; the control card 4 is connected with the automatic scanning device 5 and used for controlling the automatic scanning device.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an intelligent automatic ultrasonic detection method for an in-service basin-type insulator, which is used for detecting internal defects of the in-service basin-type insulator by using the intelligent automatic ultrasonic detection system in embodiment 1, and as shown in fig. 2, the detection method comprises the following steps:
(1) measuring a specific detection object, and acquiring the diameter of the basin-type insulator 7, the position coordinate and the diameter of the central insert 8, the position coordinate and the diameter of the through hole 9, and the position coordinate and the diameter of all threaded holes 10;
(2) selecting a structural form of the basin-type insulator from a detection process library, introducing measured geometric parameters to form a two-dimensional cross-sectional diagram of a detection object, and calculating the coverage area of a main sound ray according to the intersection condition of the main sound ray of the transducer and circles representing a threaded hole, a through hole and a central insert in the basin-type insulator;
(3) fixing a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer on a special fixture of an automatic scanning device, assembling the automatic scanning device on the outer ring end surface of the in-service basin-type insulator, and ensuring that the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer is tightly attached to the end surface of the insulator;
(4) setting an instrument sampling length N according to the selected instrument sampling frequency Fs and the radius r of the basin-type insulator, setting M sampling position points along the outer ring of the basin-type insulator, and synchronously triggering the signal transmitting, receiving and storing processes of the high-energy ultrasonic pulse transceiving device in a stepping mode through the motion of the automatic scanning device, so that a data matrix with the structure of N M is obtained after the scanning along the circumference of the basin-type insulator is completed;
(5) constructing a zero matrix of 2N by 2N, and deflecting the data of the M position points clockwise according to the corresponding angles of the position points, namely deflecting the 2 nd sampling position point
3 rd sample position deflection
Up to the Mth sample point deflection
Filling all deflected data into a zero matrix of 2N-2N, corroding and filling to form a data image similar to a two-dimensional cross section of the basin-type insulator, as shown in figure 3, and displaying the data image in superposition with the two-dimensional cross section, as shown in figure 4;
(6) according to the superposition display interface, quickly judging structure echoes caused by a threaded hole, a central insert, a through hole and the like, displaying a signal which is not superposed with the structure, determining the position angle of the signal according to the position of the maximum amplitude, and directly reading and recording the position information of the maximum amplitude, the distance between the maximum amplitude and the circle center and the like if the structures of the threaded hole, the central insert, the through hole and the like do not exist on the radius line of the angle, as shown in figure 5; if the structures such as the threaded hole, the central insert, the through hole and the like exist on the radius line of the angle, the defect position is corrected and positioned according to the law of sound wave reflection, as shown in figure 6.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The detection method of the intelligent automatic ultrasonic detection system of the basin-type insulator in service is characterized in that the intelligent automatic ultrasonic detection system comprises a detection process library, a self-adaptive data acquisition module and an intelligent data analysis module; the detection process library comprises an insulator part with a typical structure and a common detection process, provides process parameters required to be set for the self-adaptive data acquisition module, and provides geometric structure parameters of the insulator for the intelligent data analysis module; the self-adaptive data acquisition module provides detection data for the intelligent data analysis module; the intelligent data analysis module realizes automatic defect positioning according to the corresponding relation between the detection geometric structure parameters and the detection data;
the self-adaptive acquisition module comprises a high-energy ultrasonic pulse transceiving device, an automatic scanning device, an ultrasonic transducer, a data acquisition card, a control card and a computer, wherein the computer is respectively connected with the data acquisition card and the control card, the data acquisition card, the high-energy ultrasonic pulse transceiving device and the automatic scanning device are sequentially connected in series, and the automatic scanning device is provided with the ultrasonic transducer; the control card is connected with the automatic scanning device and is used for controlling the automatic scanning device;
the method for detecting the internal defects of the in-service basin-type insulator by using the intelligent automatic ultrasonic detection system comprises the following steps:
1) measuring a detection object, and acquiring the diameter of the basin-type insulator, the position coordinate and the diameter of the central insert, the position coordinate and the diameter of the through hole, and the position coordinate and the diameter of all threaded holes;
2) selecting a structural form of the basin-type insulator from a detection process library, introducing measured geometric parameters to form a two-dimensional cross-sectional diagram of a detection object, and calculating the coverage area of a main sound ray according to the intersection condition of the main sound ray of the transducer and circles representing a threaded hole, a through hole and a central insert in the basin-type insulator;
3) fixing a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer on a clamp of an automatic scanning device, assembling the automatic scanning device on the outer ring end face of the in-service basin-type insulator, and ensuring that the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer is tightly attached to the end face of the insulator;
4) setting an instrument sampling length N according to the selected instrument sampling frequency Fs and the radius r of the basin-type insulator, setting M sampling position points along the outer ring of the basin-type insulator, and synchronously triggering the signal transmitting, receiving and storing processes of the high-energy ultrasonic pulse transceiving device in a stepping mode through the motion of the automatic scanning device, so that a data matrix with the structure of N M is obtained after the scanning along the circumference of the basin-type insulator is completed;
5) constructing a zero matrix of 2N x 2NThe data of the M position points are deflected clockwise according to the corresponding angle of the position points, namely the 2 nd sampling position point is deflected by theta2360/M1, deflection θ of the 3 rd sampling position3360/M2, until the mth sample point, deflect by θMFilling all the deflected data into a zero matrix of 2N, corroding and filling to form a data image similar to the two-dimensional sectional diagram of the basin-type insulator, and overlapping the data image with the two-dimensional sectional diagram for display;
6) judging structure echo caused by the threaded hole, the central insert and the through hole according to the superposed display interface, displaying a signal which is not superposed with the structure, determining the position angle of the maximum amplitude according to the position of the maximum amplitude, and directly reading and recording the angle of the maximum amplitude and the distance between the maximum amplitude and the circle center if the threaded hole, the central insert and the through hole are not stored on the radius line of the angle; if the threaded hole, the central insert and the through hole exist on the radius line of the angle, the defect position is corrected and positioned according to the law of sound wave reflection.
2. The detection method according to claim 1, wherein the waves emitted by the high-energy ultrasonic pulse transceiver are high-energy ultrasonic waves, i.e. the maximum emission voltage is 1200V, and the maximum number of pulse periods is 5 periods; the ultrasonic transducer is a low-frequency sensor, and the frequency range is 0.5MHz-2 MHz.
3. The detection method according to claim 1, wherein the determination principle of the number M of sampling positions in automatic scanning is as follows: the overlapping rate of the ultrasonic transducer transmitting sound fields between two samples is ensured to be not less than 50%.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is a piezoelectric transducer or a non-contact ultrasonic transducer for conventional ultrasonic detection sampling.
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| CN111060598A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-24 | 国家电网有限公司 | Ultrasonic flaw detection method for basin-type insulator of penetration type combined electrical apparatus |
| CN115272560B (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2023-09-19 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Substation equipment hidden danger positioning method and system based on three-dimensional sound field cloud picture |
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