CN110375050B - Spatial intelligent telescopic transportation structure based on multi-stable curved beam - Google Patents

Spatial intelligent telescopic transportation structure based on multi-stable curved beam Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110375050B
CN110375050B CN201910661835.4A CN201910661835A CN110375050B CN 110375050 B CN110375050 B CN 110375050B CN 201910661835 A CN201910661835 A CN 201910661835A CN 110375050 B CN110375050 B CN 110375050B
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curved beam
conveying
composite negative
negative stiffness
supporting arm
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CN110375050A (en
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王长国
张季
谭惠丰
陶强
王珂
向书毅
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H35/00Gearings or mechanisms with other special functional features
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16MFRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/20Undercarriages with or without wheels
    • F16M11/24Undercarriages with or without wheels changeable in height or length of legs, also for transport only, e.g. by means of tubes screwed into each other
    • F16M11/26Undercarriages with or without wheels changeable in height or length of legs, also for transport only, e.g. by means of tubes screwed into each other by telescoping, with or without folding
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16MFRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/20Undercarriages with or without wheels
    • F16M11/24Undercarriages with or without wheels changeable in height or length of legs, also for transport only, e.g. by means of tubes screwed into each other
    • F16M11/40Undercarriages with or without wheels changeable in height or length of legs, also for transport only, e.g. by means of tubes screwed into each other by means of coilable or bendable legs or spiral shaped legs

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

A novel space intelligent telescopic transportation structure based on a multistable curved beam relates to an intelligent telescopic transportation structure. The composite negative stiffness unit cells comprise a curved beam structure and three supporting structures, two rigid blocks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the curved beam structure to change the size of a cross section, every four composite negative stiffness unit cells are combined and fixed into a composite negative stiffness honeycomb structure, a spring is fixed between every two opposite composite negative stiffness unit cells, every eight composite negative stiffness honeycomb structures form supporting arm single bodies, a plurality of supporting arm single bodies form conveying supporting arms, a conveying platform is fixedly connected with one end of each conveying supporting arm through an adhesive, and conveying piece positioning covers are arranged on the outer side surfaces of the conveying platform. The temperature control type telescopic bending machine has the shape memory function, can realize stretching and bending without dead angles through temperature control, is light in weight and strong in flexibility, and can also operate in narrow space.

Description

Spatial intelligent telescopic transportation structure based on multi-stable curved beam
Technical Field
The invention relates to an intelligent telescopic conveying structure, in particular to a spatial intelligent telescopic conveying structure based on a multi-stable curved beam.
Background
Transport structure on the existing market is mechanical transmission structure generally, and each part is made of rigid material generally, and the elastic deformation ability of rigid material is limited, and self quality is also heavier, can not stretch out and draw back in the axial direction, needs hinged joint in the turning department, can not integrated into one piece, if in some narrow and small space operation then face the difficulty.
The multistable structure is a novel light multifunctional structure which attracts wide attention at home and abroad in recent years, and has wide application prospects in the aspects of impact energy absorption, form conversion metamaterial, expandable structures and the like due to the special properties or functions such as negative stiffness effect, multistable effect, repeatable characteristic and the like. The multistable structure is a mechanical superstructure with high initial rigidity and recoverability, and the hopping of a beam buckling mode is utilized to realize a negative rigidity effect. The multistable structure has multistable characteristic, the beam can generate irreversible deformation in the buckling process, and the beam can not be recovered to the initial state after being unloaded, so that a similar self-locking phenomenon occurs, and part of deformation energy is stored in the structure.
The shape memory polymer is a high molecular polymer with the characteristics of actively recovering and deforming under the stimulation of certain thermal, electric, magnetic and light conditions and keeping the shape, and the strength of the shape memory polymer is greatly increased after a carbon fiber reinforced phase is added.
In conclusion, the existing conveying mechanical structure is heavy in weight, cannot stretch out and draw back in the axial direction, needs hinge connection at a corner, cannot be integrally formed, and has no shape memory function. If the transportation structure can be optimized and improved by combining a multi-stable structure with the shape memory polymer, the method has practical significance for overcoming the defects of the existing transportation mechanical structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a spatial intelligent telescopic conveying structure based on a multistable curved beam to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a spatial intelligent telescopic conveying structure based on a multistable curved beam comprises a conveying supporting arm and a conveying platform, wherein the conveying supporting arm comprises a plurality of composite negative stiffness unit cells, each composite negative stiffness unit cell comprises a curved beam structure and three supporting structures, each curved beam structure adopts a shape memory polymer containing reinforcing fibers, the supporting structures adopt nylon, the three supporting structures are respectively and vertically fixed with the middle and two ends of the curved beam structure into a whole, the two supporting structures positioned at the two ends are positioned at the same side and are oppositely arranged with the supporting structure positioned in the middle, two rigid blocks are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the curved beam structure to change the size of the cross section, every four composite negative stiffness unit cells are combined and fixed into a composite negative stiffness honeycomb structure, the four composite negative stiffness unit cells of the composite negative stiffness honeycomb structure are opposite in pairs and then the single sides are attached and fixed to form a Y-shaped structure with horizontal and vertical bidirectional symmetry, the middle of every two relative compound negative stiffness unit cells's bent beam structure is fixed with the spring, and every eight compound negative stiffness honeycomb structure ring direction unilateral is fixed in proper order from beginning to end and encloses to form the support arm monomer for regular octagon, and is a plurality of the support arm monomer is fixed in proper order along the axial and is constituteed and transport the support arm, transports the support arm accessible and carries out the temperature regulation and control to bent beam structure and realize the straight line and extend and the buckle that does not have the dead angle, transport the platform and transport support arm one end and pass through adhesive fixed connection, transport platform outside surface mounting and transport a position cover, transport a position cover appearance for the hemisphere casing and its open end system have external screw thread joint, transport platform outside surface system has the internal thread and puts the thing groove, transport a position cover and pass through external screw thread joint with transport the platform the internal thread puts the thing groove spiro union and fix.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the composite negative stiffness single cell has a shape memory function, can realize multiple stable states through temperature control, realizes expansion in the axial direction and bending without dead angles, has a zero Poisson ratio effect at a maximum bending angle of 180 degrees in a single direction, has constant section size, can not generate ovalization when the cross section is always the same as an initial shape in the expansion and bending processes, has multiple stable states in a curved beam structure, can realize self-locking when the temperature is constant, does not need auxiliary facilities, does not need hinge connection at a corner, can directionally bear and transport, has the characteristics of large transmission and large rotation, can be quickly stored, stretched and bent, realizes one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional motion, has light weight and strong flexibility, can also operate in a narrow space, and has practical significance for research and application of a transport structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a composite negative stiffness cell of the present invention from an expanded state to a compressed state;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a composite negative stiffness honeycomb of the present invention in a compressed state;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a composite negative stiffness honeycomb of the present invention in an expanded state;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a support arm cell of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the transport support arm of the present invention as it is bent;
FIG. 6 is an isometric view of the transport support arm of the present invention after bending;
FIG. 7 is an isometric view of the curved exterior side of the transport support arm of the present invention after bending;
FIG. 8 is an isometric view of the curved interior side of the transport support arm of the present invention after bending;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the multistable curved beam-based spatial intelligent telescopic transport structure of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a disassembled configuration of the transport positioning cover and transport platform of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a transport support arm of the present invention undergoing a two-dimensional sinusoidal motion;
FIG. 12 is a schematic representation of a transport support arm of the present invention undergoing a two-dimensional stepped motion;
FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of the transport support arm of the present invention performing a two-dimensional circular motion;
FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of a transport support arm of the present invention performing a three-dimensional spiral motion;
FIG. 15 is a schematic illustration of the transport support arm of the present invention performing three-dimensional arbitrary directional motion;
fig. 16 is a schematic view of two variations of the curved beam structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in figures 1-10, the invention discloses a spatial intelligent telescopic conveying structure based on a multistable curved beam, which comprises a conveying supporting arm 11 and a conveying platform 12, wherein the conveying supporting arm 11 comprises a plurality of composite negative stiffness unit cells 1, each composite negative stiffness unit cell 1 comprises a curved beam structure 1-1 and three supporting structures 1-2, each curved beam structure 1-1 adopts a shape memory polymer containing reinforced fibers, each supporting structure 1-2 adopts nylon, the three supporting structures 1-2 are respectively vertically fixed with the middle and two ends of the curved beam structure 1-1 into a whole, the two supporting structures 1-2 at the two ends are positioned at the same side and are arranged opposite to the supporting structure 1-2 in the middle, two rigid blocks 1-3 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the curved beam structure 1-1 to change the size of the cross section, every four composite negative stiffness unit cells 1 are combined and fixed to form a composite negative stiffness honeycomb structure 2, every two composite negative stiffness unit cells 1 of the composite negative stiffness honeycomb structure 2 are opposite in pairs and then are fixed in a one-sided attaching mode to form a horizontal-vertical bidirectional symmetrical reversed Y-shaped structure, a spring 2-1 is fixed in the middle of a curved beam structure 1-1 of every two opposite composite negative stiffness unit cells 1, each eight composite negative stiffness honeycomb structures 2 are annularly fixed in sequence from head to tail in a single-sided mode to form a supporting arm monomer 3 in a surrounding mode, a plurality of supporting arm monomers 3 are fixed in sequence in the axial direction to form a conveying supporting arm 11, the conveying supporting arm 11 can achieve linear extension and no-dead-angle bending by carrying out temperature control on the curved beam structure 1-1, the conveying platform 12 is fixedly connected with one end of the supporting arm 11 through an adhesive, and a conveying piece positioning cover 13 is installed on the surface of the outer side of the conveying platform 12, the transportation piece positioning cover 13 is a hemispherical shell, an external thread connector 13-1 is arranged at the opening end of the transportation piece positioning cover, an internal thread storage groove 12-1 is arranged on the outer side surface of the transportation platform 12, and the transportation piece positioning cover 13 is fixedly connected with the internal thread storage groove 12-1 of the transportation platform 12 through the external thread connector 13-1 in a threaded mode.
The second embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 and 5, this embodiment is further described with respect to the first embodiment, the composite negative stiffness unit cells 1 are in an expanded state and are compressed under external load driving at a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of the material of the curved beam structure 1-1, so as to generate bending deformation for molding, after the molding of the shape is completed, the composite negative stiffness unit cells are naturally cooled and fixed to form the transport support arm 11, when all the curved beam structures 1-1 of the transport support arm 11 are simultaneously heated to the same temperature, all the curved beam structures 1-1 return to the expanded state to release the prestress to linearly extend the transport support arm 11, and when the temperature of the curved beam structure 1-1 outside the bending of the transport support arm 11 is longer than that of the curved beam structure 1-1 inside the bending, the curved beam structure 1-1 outside the bending is expanded more than that of the curved beam structure 1-1 inside the bending, so as to bend the transport support arm 11 towards the bending inside.
The third concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 1, this embodiment is further described with respect to the second embodiment, in which an electric heating sheet is attached to an inner side surface of the shape memory polymer containing reinforcing fibers in an initially unfolded state by using a polyimide adhesive on both sides of the curved beam structure 1-1, and the temperature of the curved beam structure 1-1 is controlled by controlling the temperature of the electric heating sheet through a temperature controller.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 4, this embodiment is a further description of the first embodiment, the composite negative-stiffness honeycomb structures 2 are seamlessly connected through high-temperature curing, and a slope is formed at the interface of the composite negative-stiffness honeycomb structure 2 for seamless connection.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment is further described with respect to the first embodiment, and the transportation supporting arm 11 has a thick root and a thin head, so that the material can be saved without affecting the strength.
The sixth specific implementation mode: as shown in fig. 1 and 16, this embodiment is further described with respect to the first embodiment, and the curved beam structure 1-1 can be replaced by two variants, including a curved beam variant 1-11 and a curved beam variant 1-12, wherein the cross-sectional dimension of the curved beam variant 1-11 is a form that is narrow in the middle and wide at both ends, and the cross-sectional dimension of the curved beam variant 1-12 is a form that is wide in the middle and narrow at both ends.
The seventh embodiment: as shown in fig. 10, this embodiment is further described as the first embodiment, a plurality of radial springs 14 are uniformly fixed on the inner wall of the conveying member positioning cover 13, and a supporting block 14-1 is fixed at the free end of each radial spring 14.
Referring to fig. 1, if more rigid blocks 1-3 are added to a curved beam structure 1-1 to increase the cross-sectional dimension of the curved beam structure 1-1 at different positions, or if the cross-sectional area of the curved beam structure 1-1 at different positions is changed, referring to fig. 16, the curved beam structure 1-1 is modified, such as a curved beam modified structure 1-11 with a narrow middle and two wide ends and a curved beam modified structure 1-12 with a wide middle and two narrow ends, and the curved beam modified structure is easy to bend at a position with a relatively small cross-sectional dimension, so that a multi-stable function can be realized, and the structure is stable in the bending configuration, referring to fig. 2-3, a spring 2-1 is added to a composite negative stiffness honeycomb structure 2, so that the composite negative stiffness honeycomb structure stores prestress in the spring 2-1 when compressed and expanded, the composite negative stiffness honeycomb structure 2 is more easily compressed and expanded.
Referring to fig. 1-5, a support structure 1-2 made of nylon and a curved beam structure 1-1 made of a shape memory polymer containing reinforcing fibers are fixedly combined to form a transport support arm 11, wherein the curved beam structure 1-1 can be made of an epoxy resin shape memory polymer, the surface of the curved beam structure is provided with fibers for reinforcement, the curved beam structure 1-1 is placed in a temperature box in an initial unfolding state and is subjected to high-temperature curing for 2 hours at 90 ℃, then is subjected to high-temperature curing for 1 hour at 120 ℃, then is taken out to stick an electric heating sheet to the curved beam structure 1-1, the transport support arm 11 stuck with the electric heating sheet is placed in the temperature box at 100-120 ℃, the specific temperature is determined according to the glass transition temperature Tg of the material of the curved beam structure 1-1 and is generally higher than the Tg by 0-20 ℃, is placed in the temperature box for 10 minutes, and is taken out from the temperature box after the material is softened, compressing the transportation supporting arm 11 by a compression machine or external force, recovering the material to normal temperature and keeping the shape, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, mounting the transportation platform 12 on the head of the transportation supporting arm 11 by an adhesive, screwing the transportation positioning cover 13 and the transportation platform 12 for convenient mounting and dismounting, uniformly fixing a plurality of radial springs 14 on the inner wall of the transportation positioning cover 13, fixing supporting blocks 14-1 at the free ends of the radial springs 14 for compressing and positioning the transportation piece, electrically connecting the electric heating sheets with a temperature controller through electric wires, arranging the electric wires inside the transportation supporting arm 11, regulating and controlling the temperature of the electric heating sheets through the temperature controller after electrifying, heating the curved beam structure 1-1 by the electric heating sheets, gradually returning the curved beam structure 1-1 to an unfolded state, if the curved beam structure is stopped at a certain state, stopping heating and keeping the temperature when the state is reached, if only the transportation support arm 11 needs to perform linear extension of one-dimensional motion, only the heating time and temperature of the electric heating sheets at the same circumferential position need to be controlled to be the same, so that the curved beam structures 1-1 at the same circumferential position are in the same stable state, as shown in fig. 5-7, if the transportation support arm 11 needs to be bent, only the heating time of the outer bending side is controlled to be longer when the electric heating sheets at the same circumferential position are heated, so that the curved beam structures 1-1 at the inner bending side are expanded to be smaller, the curved beam structures are in a compressed state to be larger, the inner bending side is compressed to be larger, the outer bending side is compressed to be smaller, the middle part is in the middle stable state of the two curved beam structures for transition, and the transportation support arm 11 can realize two-dimensional sinusoidal motion shown in fig. 11, two-dimensional stepped motion shown in fig. 12, two-dimensional circular motion shown in fig. 13, two-dimensional circular motion, The three-dimensional spiral motion shown in the reference figure 14 and the three-dimensional random direction motion shown in the reference figure 15 meet the requirement of supporting transportation.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a flexible transport structure of space intelligence based on many stable states are bent roof beam which characterized in that: the device comprises a conveying supporting arm (11) and a conveying platform (12), wherein the conveying supporting arm (11) comprises a plurality of composite negative stiffness unit cells (1), each composite negative stiffness unit cell (1) comprises a curved beam structure (1-1) and three supporting structures (1-2), the curved beam structure (1-1) adopts a shape memory polymer containing reinforced fibers, the supporting structures (1-2) adopt nylon, the three supporting structures (1-2) are respectively vertically fixed with the middle and two ends of the curved beam structure (1-1) into a whole, the two supporting structures (1-2) positioned at the two ends are positioned at the same side and are oppositely arranged with the supporting structure (1-2) positioned in the middle, two rigid blocks (1-3) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the curved beam structure (1-1) to change the size of a cross section, every four composite negative stiffness unit cells (1) are combined and fixed to form a composite negative stiffness honeycomb structure (2), after being opposite in pairs, the four composite negative stiffness unit cells (1) of the composite negative stiffness honeycomb structure (2) are attached and fixed on one side to form a horizontal-vertical bidirectional symmetrical reversed Y-shaped structure, a spring (2-1) is fixed in the middle of a curved beam structure (1-1) of every two opposite composite negative stiffness unit cells (1), each eight composite negative stiffness honeycomb structures (2) are sequentially fixed in the circumferential direction and on one side end to end in a surrounding manner to form a supporting arm monomer (3) in a positive octagon shape, a plurality of supporting arm monomers (3) are sequentially fixed in the axial direction to form a conveying supporting arm (11), the conveying supporting arm (11) can realize linear extension and dead-angle-free bending by carrying out temperature regulation on the curved beam structure (1-1), and the conveying platform (12) is fixedly connected with one end of the conveying supporting arm (11) through an adhesive, the conveying platform (12) is provided with a conveying part positioning cover (13) on the outer side surface, the conveying part positioning cover (13) is a hemispherical shell, an external thread connector (13-1) is arranged at the opening end of the conveying platform (13), an internal thread storage groove (12-1) is formed in the outer side surface of the conveying platform (12), and the conveying part positioning cover (13) is fixedly connected with the internal thread storage groove (12-1) of the conveying platform (12) through the external thread connector (13-1).
2. The spatial intelligent telescopic transportation structure based on the multistable curved beam as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the composite negative stiffness unit cells (1) are in an unfolded state and under the condition that the glass transition temperature of the materials of the curved beam structures (1-1) is higher, compressed under the drive of external load to generate bending deformation for molding, naturally cooled and fixed to form the conveying supporting arm (11) after the shape molding is finished, when all the curved beam structures (1-1) of the conveying supporting arm (11) are heated to the same temperature at the same time, all the curved beam structures (1-1) return to the unfolded state to release the prestress to enable the conveying supporting arm (11) to extend linearly, when the temperature rise time of the curved beam structure (1-1) on the outer side of the bending of the conveying supporting arm (11) is longer than that of the curved beam structure (1-1) on the inner side of the bending, the curved beam structure (1-1) on the outer side of the bending is unfolded to be larger than that of the curved beam structure (1-1) on the inner side of the bending, so that the conveying supporting arm (11) is bent towards the inner side of the bending.
3. The multistable curved beam-based spatial intelligent telescopic transportation structure of claim 2, which is characterized in that: and two sides of the curved beam structure (1-1) are adhered with an electric heating sheet on the inner side surface of the shape memory polymer containing the reinforced fibers in an initial unfolded state by using a polyimide adhesive, and the temperature of the electric heating sheet is regulated and controlled by a temperature controller, so that the temperature of the curved beam structure (1-1) is regulated and controlled.
4. The spatial intelligent telescopic transportation structure based on the multistable curved beam as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the composite negative stiffness honeycomb structures (2) are connected seamlessly through high-temperature curing, and the joints of the composite negative stiffness honeycomb structures (2) are arranged to be slope surfaces for seamless connection.
5. The spatial intelligent telescopic transportation structure based on the multistable curved beam as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the conveying supporting arm (11) is of a structure with thick root and thin head.
6. The spatial intelligent telescopic transportation structure based on the multistable curved beam as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the curved beam structure (1-1) can be replaced by two variant structures, including a first curved beam variant structure (1-11) and a second curved beam variant structure (1-12), wherein the cross section of the first curved beam variant structure (1-11) is in a form that the middle part is narrow and the two ends are wide, and the cross section of the second curved beam variant structure (1-12) is in a form that the middle part is wide and the two ends are narrow.
7. The spatial intelligent telescopic transportation structure based on the multistable curved beam as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: a plurality of radial springs (14) are uniformly fixed on the inner wall of the conveying member positioning cover (13), and a supporting block (14-1) is fixed at the free end of each radial spring (14).
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