CN110367370A - A method of extracting soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf - Google Patents
A method of extracting soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf Download PDFInfo
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- CN110367370A CN110367370A CN201910676043.4A CN201910676043A CN110367370A CN 110367370 A CN110367370 A CN 110367370A CN 201910676043 A CN201910676043 A CN 201910676043A CN 110367370 A CN110367370 A CN 110367370A
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- tobacco leaf
- soluble protein
- albumen precipitation
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- albumen
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
- A23J1/006—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from vegetable materials
- A23J1/007—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from vegetable materials from leafy vegetables, e.g. alfalfa, clover, grass
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
The method that the invention discloses a kind of to extract soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf, the following steps are included: tobacco leaf, which is first beaten powder, is prepared by mixing into homogenate with extracting solution, filtered slurries are adjusted to constant temperature certain time after alkalinity, stand to obtain flocculation albumen precipitation, then albumen is washed and purified again, obtains soluble protein finished product finally by spray drying.Soluble protein simple and convenient extraction is quick in waste tobacco leaf of the present invention, the step of obstruction such as traditional high speed or Superfreezing centrifugation, gel filtration, isoelectric focusing and ultrafiltration are largely extracted is given up, gained protein extracting ratio is greater than 65%, and the albumen after slightly mentioning can effectively remove the special odor and partial impurities of soluble protein in waste tobacco leaf by washing and purification step, and improve its purity, it is suitble to large-scale industrial production application, provides bright prospects to develop the products such as animal feed using soluble protein in waste tobacco leaf.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the extraction fields of vegetable protein, relate in particular to one kind and extract soluble egg from waste tobacco leaf
White method.
Background technique
Flue-cured tobacco, it is cigarette industry that it is also the maximum tobacco type of cultivated area in the world that Solanaceae Nicotiana plant, which is China,
Primary raw material, be also made for pipe tobacco.The study found that protein content is higher than rice, wheat, seeding corn and other crops in flue-cured tobacco, wherein
Flue-cured tobacco protein content is 10% or so, up to 20% in suncured tabacco and burley tobaccos.But due to by tobacco planting and production of cigarettes
Technical restriction during processing, makes entirely to produce and will cause 25% leftover bits and pieces for accounting for about flue-cured tobacco gross mass during cigarette
(waste tobacco leaf) cannot make full use of and by waste the phenomenon that.
Protein in flue-cured tobacco is divided into soluble protein and insoluble protein, and 1/2 or so is chloroplaset in soluble protein
Protein (FI albumen), remaining as the compound (FII albumen) of other soluble proteins.Tobacco FI albumen is rich in selenium, with
Selenomethionine and selenocystein or other forms exist, and compared with the inorganic seleniums such as sodium selenite, tobacco leaf selenoprotein has low
Malicious efficient feature, for removing free radical, protection erythrocyte hemolysis, chemical damage protection etc. better than other eggs
White matter.In addition, flue-cured tobacco soluble protein contains whole essential amino acids of needed by human body, made with FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) (FAO)
Fixed standard protein is compared, contained by most of essential amino acid content it is all higher than standard protein, be higher than most of
Phytoprotein, or even it is close with milk.Wherein threonine and tryptophan etc. are much higher than the animal feed that fishbone dust is cooked, and are good
Good natural nutrition animal feed and feed addictive.
All exist since protein is general in tissue or cell with complicated form of mixtures, it is therefore desirable to select a set of
Suitable protein extraction technique is to obtain the product of higher extracted rate and purity.Currently, existing research report is mostly with fresh cigarette
Leaf is that raw material extracts soluble protein therein, is rarely had about the side for extracting soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf (flue-cured tobacco)
Method.Instantly the extracting method of plant soluble protein mainly include directly heat the precipitation method, alkali extraction-acid precipitation, organic solvent method,
Fermentation method etc., although extracting method is more, all there is high speed or hypervelocity are cold in the method for traditional extraction soluble protein
Freeze the step of obstruction such as centrifugation, gel filtration, isoelectric focusing and ultrafiltration are largely extracted, operate both complicated, consuming reagent at
This height is unsuitable for industrial abstract production.
Therefore, a kind of method that soluble protein is extracted from waste tobacco leaf is developed, before waste tobacco leaf being roughly divided into
Processing, protein extraction and the step greatly of washing purifying three, and needed and its extraction step of adjustment appropriate according to product, to be flue-cured tobacco
The comprehensive exploitation of resource and utilizing for waste tobacco leaf provide technical support.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the problems, such as proposed in above-mentioned background technique, one kind is provided and is extracted from waste tobacco leaf
The method of soluble protein, this method is simple and efficient to handle, albumen yield is high.
It the object of the invention and solves its technical problem underlying and adopts the following technical solutions to realize:
A method of it extracting soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf, sequentially includes the following steps:
(1) it beats powder: weighing 1-100kg raw tobacco material, pulverizer beats powder;
(2) it is homogenized: 5-9min is homogenized with colloid mill after taken tobacco leaf powder and extracting solution are stirred and evenly mixed, through 200 mesh filter cloth pressures
Slurries are filtered to obtain in squeezing;
(3) it adjusts pH: filtered slurries is adjusted into pH to 8.0-9.0 using alkaline reagent；
(4) heat sink: akaline liquid being placed in 40-60 DEG C of water bath with thermostatic control equipment and keeps the temperature 20-40min, taking out must wad a quilt with cotton after standing 1d
Shape albumen, centrifugation removal supernatant obtain albumen precipitation one.
(5) washing and purifying: to gained albumen precipitation one be added 1-20L cleaning solution with its mix well after be centrifuged to obtain albumen
Precipitating two adds after 1-20L scarvenger is mixed well with albumen precipitation two and is centrifuged to obtain albumen precipitation three.
(6) dry: 1-25L distilled water to be added to gained albumen precipitation three, dry using spray dryer, obtaining tobacco leaf can
Dissolubility protein powder.
In the step (2) extracting solution be 0.05mol/L 7.8 phosphate buffer of pH and 1% PVP solution, tobacco leaf
The solid-liquid ratio of raw material and extracting solution is 1:10(m:v), and beat the tobacco leaf after powder impregnated in advance in extracting solution carried out after 2h again it is even
Slurry processing.
Step (3) the neutral and alkali reagent is the NaOH solution of 1mol/L.
Resulting cotton-shaped albumen precipitation is transferred in continuous flow centrifuge in the step (4), with 2000rpm/min
Centrifugation 5min removal supernatant obtains albumen precipitation one.
Step (5) cleaning solution and scarvenger is respectively distilled water and dehydrated alcohol, and appropriate washing is first added
Liquid distilled water into albumen precipitation, 3000rpm/min be centrifuged 10min albumen precipitation two；Add again into albumen precipitation two
Enter appropriate scarvenger dehydrated alcohol, 3000rpm/min obtains albumen precipitation three after being centrifuged 5min.
Described step (6) the spray dryer technological parameter: blower 25m3/ h, peristaltic velocity 25mL/min, inlet air temperature
160℃。
Compared with prior art, the present invention the extracting method of waste tobacco leaf soluble protein of the present invention is simply fast
The step that the obstruction such as traditional high speed or Superfreezing centrifugation, gel filtration, isoelectric focusing and ultrafiltration are largely extracted has been given up in victory
Suddenly, the common easy acquisition such as agents useful for same phosphate buffer, NaOH, dehydrated alcohol, the liquid nitrogen used with conventional method, urea, third
The reagents such as ketone are compared to cost is relatively low (extracting every gram of albumen to expend reagent cost is about 0.1 yuan) and safety is higher, by slightly mentioning
Step is washed in washing and alcohol afterwards can effectively remove the special odor and partial impurities of soluble protein in waste tobacco leaf, keep albumen pure
Degree is improved to 30% or more.It is higher that the final protein extracting ratio of this method compares existing salting out method, organic solvent method etc., and up to 65%
More than, and the spray drying treatment of final step overcome in conventional method using low efficiency present in vacuum freeze drying,
The shortcomings that time-consuming, extraction efficiency are obviously improved, and industrially it can be made to be applicable in by the parameter of reasonable disposition spray dryer
In industrialization, large-scale protein extraction.The method achieve " the turning waste into wealth " of waste tobacco leaf, both met environmentally protective want
It asks, and provides wide prospect to prepare the protein products such as animal feed using soluble protein therein.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A method of extracting soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf, comprising the following steps:
(1) it beats powder: weighing 1kg raw tobacco material, pulverizer beats powder;
(2) it is homogenized: being homogenized 5min with colloid mill after taken tobacco leaf powder and extracting solution are stirred and evenly mixed, squeezed through 200 mesh filter clothes
Filter to obtain slurries;
(3) it adjusts pH: filtered slurries is adjusted into pH to 8 using alkaline reagent；
(4) heat sink: akaline liquid is placed in 40 DEG C of thermostat water baths and keeps the temperature 20min, takes out and obtains cotton-shaped albumen after standing 1d, from
Heart removal supernatant obtains albumen precipitation one.
(5) washing and purifying: into gained albumen precipitation one be added 1L cleaning solution with its mix well after be centrifuged to obtain albumen
Precipitating two adds after 1L scarvenger is mixed well with albumen precipitation two and is centrifuged to obtain albumen precipitation three.
(6) dry: 1L distilled water is added to gained albumen precipitation three, it is dry using spray dryer, it is solvable to obtain tobacco leaf
Property protein powder.
Through being detected to gained tobacco leaf protein powder product: whole essential amino acids containing needed by human body, protein extracting ratio
65.5%, purity of protein 35%
Embodiment 2
A method of extracting soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf, comprising the following steps:
(1) it beats powder: weighing 10kg raw tobacco material, pulverizer beats powder;
(2) it is homogenized: being homogenized 7min with colloid mill after taken tobacco leaf powder and extracting solution are stirred and evenly mixed, squeezed through 200 mesh filter clothes
Filter to obtain slurries;
(3) it adjusts pH: filtered slurries is adjusted into pH to 8.5 using alkaline reagent；
(4) heat sink: akaline liquid is placed in 50 DEG C of constant water bath box and keeps the temperature 30min, takes out and obtains cotton-shaped albumen after standing 1d, from
Heart removal supernatant obtains albumen precipitation one.
(5) washing and purifying: 5L cleaning solution first is added by certain solid-liquid ratio to gained albumen precipitation one and is mixed well with it
After be centrifuged to obtain albumen precipitation two, add 5L scarvenger and albumen precipitation two mix well after be centrifuged to obtain albumen precipitation three.
(6) dry: 5L distilled water is added to gained albumen precipitation three, it is dry using spray dryer, it is solvable to obtain tobacco leaf
Property protein powder.
Through being detected to gained tobacco leaf protein powder product: whole essential amino acids containing needed by human body, protein extracting ratio
66.7%, purity of protein 37.6%
Embodiment 3
A method of extracting soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf, comprising the following steps:
(1) it beats powder: weighing 100kg raw tobacco material, pulverizer beats powder;
(2) it is homogenized: being homogenized 9min with colloid mill after taken tobacco leaf powder and extracting solution are stirred and evenly mixed, squeezed through 200 mesh filter clothes
Filter to obtain slurries;
(3) it adjusts pH: filtered slurries is adjusted into pH to 9.0 using alkaline reagent；
(4) heat sink: akaline liquid is placed in 60 DEG C of thermostatted water bathing pools and keeps the temperature 40min, takes out and obtains cotton-shaped albumen after standing 1d, from
Heart removal supernatant obtains albumen precipitation one；
(5) washing and purifying: to gained albumen precipitation one first by certain solid-liquid ratio be added 20L cleaning solution with its mix well after from
Gains in depth of comprehension albumen precipitation two adds after 20L scarvenger is mixed well with albumen precipitation two and is centrifuged to obtain albumen precipitation three；
(6) dry: 25L distilled water is added to gained albumen precipitation three, it is dry using spray dryer, obtain tobacco leaf solubility egg
White powder end.
Through being detected to gained tobacco leaf protein powder product: whole essential amino acids containing needed by human body, protein extracting ratio
69.2%, purity of protein 41%.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention in any form, appoint
What is to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention any simply to repair without departing from technical solution of the present invention content
Change, equivalent variations and modification, all of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method for extracting soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf, sequentially includes the following steps:
(1) it beats powder: weighing 1-100kg raw tobacco material, pulverizer beats powder;
(2) it is homogenized: 5-9min is homogenized with colloid mill after taken tobacco leaf powder and extracting solution are stirred and evenly mixed, through 200 mesh filter cloth pressures
Slurries are filtered to obtain in squeezing;
(3) it adjusts pH: filtered slurries is adjusted into pH to 8.0-9.0 using alkaline reagent；
(4) heat sink: akaline liquid being placed in 40-60 DEG C of water bath with thermostatic control equipment and keeps the temperature 20-40min, taking out must wad a quilt with cotton after standing 1d
Shape albumen, centrifugation removal supernatant obtain albumen precipitation one；
(5) washing and purifying: to gained albumen precipitation one be added 1-20L cleaning solution with its mix well after be centrifuged to obtain albumen precipitation
Two, it adds after 1-20L scarvenger is mixed well with albumen precipitation two and is centrifuged to obtain albumen precipitation three；
(6) dry: 1-25L distilled water is added to gained albumen precipitation three, it is dry using spray dryer, it is soluble to obtain tobacco leaf
Protein powder.
2. a kind of method for extracting soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(2) in extracting solution be 0.05mol/L 7.8 phosphate buffer of pH and 1% PVP solution, the feed liquid of raw tobacco material and extracting solution
Than for 1:10(m:v), and beats after the tobacco leaf after powder impregnates 2h in advance in extracting solution and carry out homogenized again.
3. a kind of method for extracting soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(3) neutral and alkali reagent is the NaOH solution of 1mol/L.
4. a kind of method for extracting soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(4) resulting cotton-shaped albumen precipitation is transferred in continuous flow centrifuge in, supernatant is removed with 2000rpm/min centrifugation 5min
Obtain albumen precipitation one.
5. a kind of method for extracting soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(5) cleaning solution and scarvenger are respectively distilled water and dehydrated alcohol, and appropriate cleaning solution distilled water is first added to albumen precipitation
In, 3000rpm/min be centrifuged 10min albumen precipitation two；The anhydrous second of appropriate scarvenger is added into albumen precipitation two again
Alcohol, 3000rpm/min obtain albumen precipitation three after being centrifuged 5min.
6. a kind of method for extracting soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(6) spray dryer technological parameter: blower 25m3/ h, peristaltic velocity 25mL/min, 160 DEG C of inlet air temperature.
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| CN201910676043.4A CN110367370A (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2019-07-25 | A method of extracting soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf |
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| CN201910676043.4A CN110367370A (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2019-07-25 | A method of extracting soluble protein from waste tobacco leaf |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111567681A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-25 | 贵州大学 | Puppy food containing tobacco protein and preparation method thereof |
| CN111606985A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-01 | 贵州大学 | Method for optimally extracting fresh tobacco FI protein by response surface method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1242375A (en) * | 1998-07-20 | 2000-01-26 | 郭培国 | Method for directly and simply extracting FI protein from plant leaves |
| CN102050871A (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2011-05-11 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for producing protein from waste cut tobacco |
| CN104151140A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-11-19 | 武汉工程大学 | Method for comprehensively extracting multiple effective components from tobacco leaves |
| CN109984244A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-09 | 贵州大学 | A method of soluble protein is extracted from fresh tobacco leaves |
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2019
- 2019-07-25 CN CN201910676043.4A patent/CN110367370A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1242375A (en) * | 1998-07-20 | 2000-01-26 | 郭培国 | Method for directly and simply extracting FI protein from plant leaves |
| CN102050871A (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2011-05-11 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for producing protein from waste cut tobacco |
| CN104151140A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-11-19 | 武汉工程大学 | Method for comprehensively extracting multiple effective components from tobacco leaves |
| CN109984244A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-09 | 贵州大学 | A method of soluble protein is extracted from fresh tobacco leaves |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 祁俊生等: "从富硒烟叶中分离硒蛋白", 《化学研究与应用》 * |
| 赵谋明等: "低次烟叶中蛋白质提取工艺优化及氨基酸分析研究", 《农业工程学报》 * |
| 郭培国，陈建军: "烟叶中高营养品质FⅠ蛋白的提纯方法", 《资源开发与市场》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111606985A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-01 | 贵州大学 | Method for optimally extracting fresh tobacco FI protein by response surface method |
| CN111567681A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-25 | 贵州大学 | Puppy food containing tobacco protein and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20191025 |