CN110358525A - A kind of method and apparatus producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant - Google Patents

A kind of method and apparatus producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110358525A
CN110358525A CN201910625915.4A CN201910625915A CN110358525A CN 110358525 A CN110358525 A CN 110358525A CN 201910625915 A CN201910625915 A CN 201910625915A CN 110358525 A CN110358525 A CN 110358525A
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tower
mesh
slurry
low
small particle
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唐珂
段虎生
范海龙
徐美萍
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YUANQU CORUNDUM PROPPANTS Corp
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YUANQU CORUNDUM PROPPANTS Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/16—Evaporating by spraying
    • B01D1/18—Evaporating by spraying to obtain dry solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • B01D46/023—Pockets filters, i.e. multiple bag filters mounted on a common frame
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
    • B01J2/04—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a gaseous medium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
    • C09K8/80—Compositions for reinforcing fractures, e.g. compositions of proppants used to keep the fractures open

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of method and apparatus for producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant, comprising the following steps: by low bauxite crushing and grinding, the low bauxite after copper tailing and grinding is mixed in proportion；In mixture plus water, feeding stir wet-milling into mud；Granulation is dried to the mud of milled using reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower, obtains solid spherical particles；Solid spherical particles are sieved, choose the particle of 100-35 mesh as semi-finished product base ball；The drying of semi-finished product base ball, high-temperature calcination are cooling；Screening, while obtaining 40/70 and 70/140 mesh, two kinds of specification products.This method makes full use of copper tailing and low-grade bauxite is raw material, and the small particle ceramsite propping agent density produced is high, and sphericity is good, corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistant, high pressure resistant.The apparatus structure advantages of simple, for slurry to be dried to graininess, the small particle ceramsite propping agent density produced is high, and sphericity is good.

Description

A kind of method and apparatus producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant
Technical field
A kind of method and apparatus for producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant of the present invention belong to ceramsite propping agent production skill Art field.
Background technique
The U.S.'s shale gas exploitation experience have shown that: yield-increasing technology especially fractured horizontal well technology, for opening for shale gas Hair is vital.Beginning in 2000 is also known as drag reduction hydraulic pressure using riverfrac treatment < on a large scale and splits >, than coagulant liquid pressure break cost It is lower, and effect of increasing production is more preferably.Riverfrac treatment is considered as most important revolution in shale gas technograph by many operators.It removes Outside cost advantage, drag reduction water energy is pumped into a large amount of water and a small amount of proppant under high discharge capacity, can carry proppant enter it is deeper Fracture network has become the standing procedure of fracturing work for 2012 to form bigger fracture network and discouraged area.For Drag reduction water fracturing fluid generallys use low-density small particle (40/70 mesh) proppant, and the shale formation of intrinsic fracture development is needed Consider smaller particle (70-140 mesh) proppant.This is because the conveying function of proppant is poor in drag reduction water, using low close Degree small particle can improve suspendability to a certain extent, while can also obtain higher flow conductivity.
Copper mine is a main mineral in China, has a large amount of copper mine to be produced and smelt every year, while also discharge is big The copper tailing of amount.Tailing stacking causes a large amount of environmental pollution, the serious wasting of resources, the stacking cost of great number, and is easy Cause safety problem.Copper tailing is rationally utilized, the saving to resource is not only, even more to the protection of environment, and is had very high Economic benefit and social benefit.By the Chemical bath deposition to copper tailing, wherein SiO2Content is greater than 60%, can effectively drop The density of low ceramsite propping agent；CaO,MgO,K2O、Na2The content of the alkali metal oxides such as O is greater than 10%, can significantly reduce haydite The firing temperature of proppant promotes liquid phase to be formed.
The primary raw material of ceramsite propping agent is bauxite (Al at present2O3Content be greater than 55%), mineralizer be manganese powder, iron powder, Dolomite, potassium feldspar etc..Production is divided into three big workshop sections of powder processed, granulation and firing, and capital equipment is respectively dry method ball mill, disk Granulator and rotary kiln.The technological process of production are as follows: ball mill mix grinding is added extremely according to formula rate in bauxite and mineralizer 325-400 mesh is granulated subsequently into disk pelletizing machine, and is sieved according to production specification, sieve lower little particle as introduction after Continuous to be granulated, bulky grain continues to be granulated after beater is broken up on sieve, and the semi-finished product grain sieved enters drying kiln drying, then into Enter rotary kiln high-temperature calcination, it is cooling subsequently into cooling kiln, finally carry out finished product screen subpackage dress.The pottery produced by this technique Grain proppant, density is high, and sphericity is good, corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistant, high pressure resistant, while production technology is relatively easy, and cost is available Preferable control.In the prior art, ceramsite propping agent mostly uses disk pelletizing pot, and introduction is added while feeding, is sprayed simultaneously Atomized water, this mode need to be granulated using introduction, complex procedures, high production cost.
There are still some problems is unfavorable for the city of environmental protection, comprehensive utilization of resources and ceramsite propping agent for existing production technology Field demand:
1, noise and dust are larger；
2, higher to ingredient requirement, the bauxite of low-aluminum-content cannot be used as raw material, in the prior art in relation to low product aluminium alum The report of soil ceramsite propping agent, Al in bauxite2O3Content is greater than 45%, cannot be referred to as low-aluminum-content truly；
3, when producing small particle 40/70,70/140 mesh product, yield is substantially reduced, wherein the qualification rate of 40/70 mesh semi-finished product About 45%, and the semi-finished product qualification rate of 70/140 mesh is less than 20%.
The spray drying tower tower body tubbiness of the prior art, into mud in the middle part of tower body, mud sprays upwards, top into hot gas, It is dried by the way of first adverse current again cocurrent, mud droplet directly contacts the hot gas of the highest temperature, after surface is dried rapidly It falls still further below, ghost easy to form, hollow haydite, and its haydite formed is apple shape.
Summary of the invention
To solve the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention discloses a kind of small particle low-density ceramic proppants of producing Method and apparatus, this method makes full use of copper tailing and low-grade bauxite is raw material, the small particle haydite support produced Agent density is high, and sphericity is good, corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistant, high pressure resistant, has good Social benefit and economic benefit.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A method of producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant, comprising the following steps:
1) by low bauxite crushing and grinding to 100-200 mesh, in the low bauxite, in terms of mass percentage, Al2O3Content For 45-55 %.
2) the low bauxite after copper tailing and grinding is mixed according to formula rate, mixed raw material is made, the mixing is former In material, in terms of mass percentage, the mass ratio of copper tailing and low bauxite are as follows: 25%-35%:65%-75%；
3) add water in mixed raw material, be sent into ceramic ball mill stirring wet-milling into mud, it is to mix that quality is added while wet-milling The water-reducing agent of raw material 0.5%-1% and the bonding agent of 0.2%-0.5%；Then the slurry of milled is put into kiln basin；
4) mud of milled is dried using reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower, is granulated simultaneously, solid spherical shape is made Particle；Mud sprays downwards from tower top in the reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower, and hot wind enters from tower bottom, arranges from tower top Out, hot wind is opposite with the direction of motion of mud droplet；
5) solid spherical particles after spray drying granulation are sieved, chooses the particle of 100-35 mesh as semi-finished product base Ball tails over and mud is added as raw material；
6) the semi-finished product base ball for sieving step 5), after drying kiln drying, into rotary kiln high-temperature calcination, firing temperature It is 1300-1450 DEG C, it is cooling subsequently into cooling kiln；
7) by high-temperature calcination haydite after cooling since sintering can generate contraction, granular size concentrates on 40-140 mesh (up to 98%), by screening, while 40/70 and 70/140 mesh, two kinds of specification products being obtained.
Preferably, the height of the reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower is 4-10 times of internal diameter.
Preferably, the hot wind inlet temperature that the reverse-flow pressure spray dryer is granulated tower bottom is controlled at 350 DEG C -400 DEG C, top gas outlet temperature is controlled at 100 DEG C -150 DEG C.
Preferably, at the reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower top of tower feed slurry inlet, slurry pressure is 1.8- 2.2MPa, it is 1.2-1.8mm that slurry, which sprays piece aperture,.
Preferably, solid content is 65-75% in the mud, and every sampling in 10 minutes detects granularity, granularity with laser particle analyzer For 800-2000 mesh.
Preferably, to obtain the smooth sphericity in surface good by mist projection granulating for the reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower Solid spherical particles, moisture content 6-8%, solid ball particle accounting 95% or more of the particle size between -35 mesh of 100 mesh.
Preferably, the solid spherical particles are also used as the introduction of big partial size ceramic product, pass through disk pelletizing machine It is granulated.
Preferably, the water-reducing agent includes but is not limited to the mixing of one or both of sodium tripolyphosphate, calgon Object；The bonding agent includes but is not limited to one or both of CMC, dextrin mixture.
A kind of reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower, including drying tower, the drying tower top are provided with slurry jet pipe And slurry spray nozzle, lower part are provided with discharge port, the dry tower bottom is provided with hot wind inlet pipe and hot wind spray head, and top is provided with Gas outlet；The hot wind spray head is set to above discharge port；
The slurry jet pipe connects kiln basin by feed pump, and multiple slurry spray nozzles, the slurry is arranged on the slurry jet pipe Spray head is uniformly distributed in drying tower in same level；
The dry tower bottom is taper, and conical lower portion is provided with discharge port, and the discharge port connects discharging chamber, the discharging chamber Top is provided with negative pressure ventilation pipe, and the negative pressure ventilation pipe is connected with dust-extraction unit, is provided with negative pressure on the negative pressure ventilation pipe Aspiration pump；
Multiple hot wind spray heads are provided on the hot wind inlet pipe, the hot wind spray head uniformly divides in same level in drying tower Cloth；
The gas outlet is connected with escape pipe, and the escape pipe connects dust-extraction unit, is provided with negative pressure air-out on the escape pipe Pump.
Preferably, the height of the drying tower is 4-10 times of internal diameter.
Preferably, the dust-extraction unit includes dust removing tube, blower, bag filter and the dedusting of sealing sink, described to remove Dirt pipe connects negative pressure ventilation pipe and escape pipe, and blower is provided on the dust removing tube, and the dust removing tube connects bag filter, institute It states bag filter outlet and dedusting sink underwater bottom is passed through by pipeline, the dedusting sink top is arranged exhaust pipe and bears Overflow pipe is arranged in press pump, dedusting sink top, and the overflow pipe is connected with water tank.
Preferably, flowmeter is provided on the slurry jet pipe.
Preferably, thermometer and pressure gauge are additionally provided on the hot wind inlet pipe.
Preferably, heat exchanger is provided on the negative pressure ventilation pipe and escape pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) present invention overcomes the bottleneck of the prior art, mineral products is made full use of to provide using low-grade bauxite and copper tailing as raw material Source and industrial tailings have good Social benefit and economic benefit.
2) ceramic ball mill wet ball grinding is used, noise is small, and no dust, mix grinding effect is good, is sufficiently mixed plurality of raw materials Uniformly, stable product quality is good, while can be by Raw material processing to 2000 mesh, and granularity is far smaller than the 400 of existing dry ball milling Mesh, product are had excellent performance.
3) prior art is granulated using disk pelletizing machine, and the particle of small particle needs to cannot function as semi-finished product base as introduction Ball, when producing small particle haydite, the qualification rate of semi-finished product only has 45%.The present invention uses spray drying granulation technology, in drying While mud, the semi-finished product base ball of small particle is made, the qualification rate of semi-finished product is up to 95%, can directly produce semi-finished product Base ball, has saved process, reduces production cost.
4) for drag reduction water fracturing fluid, low-density small particle (40/70 mesh) proppant is generallyd use, intrinsic fracture is sent out The shale formation educated need to consider smaller particle (70-140 mesh) proppant, and the technology of the present invention more meets market compared with prior art Changes in demand.
5) this method can produce 40/70 and 70/140 mesh, two kinds of specification products simultaneously.It is produced if you need to produce large-sized haydite Product can use the particle of a part of spray drying granulation as introduction, remaining breaks into fine powder addition disk pelletizing machine through beater and makes Grain, flexibly and easily.
6) this reverse-flow spray drying granulation system structure advantages of simple, for slurry to be dried to graininess, slurry By the atomizer spray in drying tower at imperceptible misty liquid pearl, the hot wind inlet pipe of spray drying tower lower end is uniformly passed through heat Wind, misty liquid pearl and thermal current parallel flow contact, dry is graininess, and the finished granule of generation is continuously from drying tower bottom discharge port Into discharging chamber, fine particle and dust are sent into bag-type dust by negative pressure sucking pump by the negative pressure ventilation pipe on discharging chamber top Device, the material in bag filter can repeat recycling and use, and improve the utilization rate of material, and it is empty to reduce dust bring Gas pollution.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the present invention is spray-dried using reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower.
Fig. 2 is the reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is slurry spray nozzle structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure, drying tower 1, slurry jet pipe 2, slurry spray nozzle 3, discharge port 5, hot wind inlet pipe 6, hot wind spray head 7, gas outlet 8, Feed pump 9, kiln basin 10, discharging chamber 11, negative pressure ventilation pipe 12, negative pressure sucking pump 13, escape pipe 14, negative pressure air-out pump 15 remove Dirt pipe 16, blower 17, bag filter 18, dedusting sink 19, exhaust pipe 20, negative pressure pump 21, overflow pipe 22, water tank 23, stream Meter 24, thermometer 25, pressure gauge 26, heat exchanger 27.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, to the technical solution in the present invention carry out it is clear, completely describe, it is clear that it is described Embodiment be a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field Those of ordinary skill's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, belongs to of the invention Protection scope.
A method of producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant, comprising the following steps:
1) by low bauxite crushing and grinding to 100-200 mesh；Because copper tailing granularity itself is 100-200 mesh, can be directly entered down A workshop section.In the low bauxite, in terms of mass percentage, Al2O3Content is 45-55 %.
2) the low bauxite after copper tailing and grinding is mixed according to formula rate, mixed raw material is made, the mixing is former In material, in terms of mass percentage, the mass ratio of copper tailing and low bauxite are as follows: 25%-35%:65%-75%；
3) add water in mixed raw material, be sent into ceramic ball mill stirring wet-milling into mud, it is to mix that quality is added while wet-milling The water-reducing agent of raw material 0.5%-1% and the bonding agent of 0.2%-0.5%；Then the slurry of milled is put into kiln basin.
Solid content is 65-75% in the mud, and every sampling in 10 minutes detects granularity with laser particle analyzer, controls mud grain Degree is 800-2000 mesh.
The water-reducing agent is used to reduce the moisture content in haydite, conducive to the drying forming of haydite.The water-reducing agent includes But it is not limited to one or both of sodium tripolyphosphate, calgon mixture, the water-reducing agent can also be Lignins One of water-reducing agent, melamine superplasticizer or polycarboxylate water-reducer or a variety of mixtures.
The bonding agent includes but is not limited to one or both of CMC, dextrin mixture, and the combination for improving mud is strong Degree effectively enhances the intensity of finished product haydite.
Moil fineness made from wet powder-grinding method is thinner, and mud granularity is more evenly.
4) mud of milled is dried using reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower, is granulated simultaneously, surface is made The good solid spherical particles of smooth sphericity；The moisture content of the solid spherical particles is 6-8%, and particle size is in 100 mesh- 95% or more solid ball particle accounting between 35 mesh.
As shown in Figure 1, mud sprays downwards from tower top in the reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower, hot wind is from tower bottom Into from tower top discharge, hot wind is opposite with the direction of motion of mud droplet；
The height of the reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower is 4-10 times of internal diameter, the hot wind inlet temperature control of tower bottom At 350 DEG C -400 DEG C, top gas outlet temperature is controlled at 100 DEG C -150 DEG C.
At top of tower feed slurry inlet, slurry pressure is 1.8-2.2MPa, and it is 1.2-1.8mm that slurry, which sprays piece aperture,.
In the prior art, ceramsite propping agent mostly uses disk pelletizing pot, and introduction is added while feeding, while spraying atomization Water, this mode need to be granulated using introduction, complex procedures, high production cost.And the present invention is using the same of spray drying Shi Jinhang is granulated, without making introduction, the particle produced, and qualification rate height.
The spray drying tower tower body tubbiness of the prior art, into mud in the middle part of tower body, mud sprays upwards, top into hot gas, It is dried by the way of first adverse current again cocurrent, mud droplet directly contacts the hot gas of the highest temperature, after surface is dried rapidly It falls still further below, ghost easy to form, hollow haydite, and its haydite formed is apple shape.
And in the reverse-flow spray drying granulation tower of the present invention, tower body is elongated, due to reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower In, hot-air is upward, and droplet is downward, has delayed the decrease speed of particle and droplet, and the residence time is long in hothouse, is conducive to It is dry；Meanwhile mud, during dry granulating, the hot blast temperature contacted from low to high, advantageously forms fine and close reality Heart spheric granules, particle is subsphaeroidal, and will not be excessively high because of drying temperature, moisture evaporation rate it is too fast and formed surface crust, The particle of boring.
5) solid spherical particles after spray drying granulation are sieved, chooses the particle of 100-35 mesh as semi-finished product Base ball tails over and mud is added as raw material；
6) the semi-finished product base ball for sieving step 5), after drying kiln drying, into rotary kiln high-temperature calcination, firing temperature It is 1300-1450 DEG C, it is cooling subsequently into cooling kiln；
7) by high-temperature calcination haydite after cooling since sintering can generate contraction, granular size concentrates on the haydite of 40-140 mesh Up to 98%, by screening, while obtaining 40/70 and 70/140 mesh, two kinds of specification products.
8) when if you need to produce large-sized ceramic product, the solid spherical particles that step 4) is obtained are as big partial size haydite The introduction of product, remaining breaks into fine powder through beater, is granulated by disk pelletizing machine, flexibly and easily.
Embodiment 1
The chemical composition content and its mass percent of copper tailing and low bauxite are as follows:
The preparation method is as follows:
1, by low bauxite crushing and grinding to 100 mesh；
2, by after grinding low bauxite and copper tailing raw material according to formula rate add water enter ceramic ball mill stirring wet-milling at Mud, while wet-milling be added 0.3% sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.3% calgon and 0.2% CMC；So that mud is solid Content is 68%, and granularity reaches 1000 mesh；Then the slurry of milled is put into kiln basin.
3, the mud of milled is dried while is granulated using reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower, wherein hot wind At 380 DEG C, outlet temperature is controlled at 110 DEG C for inlet temperature control；Slurry pressure is 2MPa, and spray piece aperture is 1.5mm.Through being sieved Dividing takes the particle of -100 mesh of 35 mesh as semi-finished product.
4, rotary kiln high-temperature calcination will be entered after the semi-finished product base ball warp drying after spray drying granulation, firing temperature is 1380℃。
5,40/70 and 70/140 mesh, two kinds of specification products be can simultaneously obtain by screening after cooling.
Embodiment 2
The chemical composition and its mass percent of copper tailing and low bauxite are as follows:
The preparation method is as follows:
1, by low bauxite crushing and grinding to 100 mesh；
2, by after grinding low bauxite and copper tailing raw material according to formula rate add water enter ceramic ball mill stirring wet-milling at Mud, while wet-milling be added 0.4% sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.4% calgon and 0.3% CMC；So that mud is solid Content is 70%, and granularity reaches 1200 mesh；Then the slurry of milled is put into kiln basin.
3, the mud of milled is dried while is granulated using reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower, wherein hot wind At 360 DEG C, outlet temperature is controlled at 120 DEG C for inlet temperature control；Slurry pressure is 1.8MPa, and spray piece aperture is 1.8mm.By Screening takes the particle of -100 mesh of 35 mesh as semi-finished product.
4, rotary kiln high-temperature calcination will be entered after the semi-finished product base ball warp drying after spray drying granulation, firing temperature is 1350℃。
5,40/70 and 70/140 mesh, two kinds of specification products be can simultaneously obtain by screening after cooling.
Embodiment 3
The chemical composition and its mass percent of copper tailing and low bauxite are as follows:
The preparation method is as follows:
1, by low bauxite crushing and grinding to 100 mesh；
2, by after grinding low bauxite and copper tailing raw material according to formula rate add water enter ceramic ball mill stirring wet-milling at Mud, while wet-milling be added 0.5% sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.5% calgon and 0.5% dextrin；So that mud is solid Content is 75%, and granularity reaches 1500 mesh；Then the slurry of milled is put into kiln basin.
3, the mud of milled is dried while is granulated using reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower, wherein hot wind At 400 DEG C, outlet temperature is controlled at 130 DEG C for inlet temperature control；Slurry pressure is 2MPa, and spray piece aperture is 1.8mm.Through being sieved Dividing takes the particle of -100 mesh of 35 mesh as semi-finished product.
4, rotary kiln high-temperature calcination will be entered after the semi-finished product base ball warp drying after spray drying granulation, firing temperature is 1320℃。
5,40/70 and 70/140 mesh, two kinds of specification products be can simultaneously obtain by screening after cooling.
Embodiment 1-3 close haydite performance comparison low with existing 40/70 mesh, as shown in table 1
Table 1
The low close haydite performance of 70/140 mesh in embodiment 1-3, as shown in table 2
Table 2
A kind of reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower, as Figure 2-3, including drying tower 1,1 top of the drying tower setting There are slurry jet pipe 2 and slurry spray nozzle 3, lower part is provided with discharge port 5, and the dry tower bottom is provided with hot wind inlet pipe 6 and hot wind Spray head 7, top are provided with gas outlet 8；The hot wind spray head 7 is set to 8 top of discharge port；
The slurry jet pipe 2 connects kiln basin 10 by feed pump 9, and multiple slurry spray nozzles 3, institute is arranged on the slurry jet pipe 2 Slurry spray nozzle 3 is stated to be uniformly distributed in drying tower 1 in same level；
1 bottom of drying tower is taper, and conical lower portion is provided with discharge port 5, and the discharge port 5 connects discharging chamber 11, described 11 top of discharging chamber is provided with negative pressure ventilation pipe 12, and the negative pressure ventilation pipe 12 is connected with dust-extraction unit, the negative pressure ventilation pipe Negative pressure sucking pump 13 is provided on 12；
Multiple hot wind spray heads 7 are provided on the hot wind inlet pipe 6, the hot wind spray head 7 is equal in same level in drying tower 1 Even distribution；
The gas outlet 8 is connected with escape pipe 14, and the escape pipe 14 connects dust-extraction unit, is provided on the escape pipe 14 negative Extrude air pump 15.
Preferably, the height of the drying tower 1 is 4-10 times of internal diameter.
Preferably, the dust-extraction unit includes the dedusting sink of dust removing tube 16, blower 17, bag filter 18 and sealing 19, the dust removing tube 16 connects negative pressure ventilation pipe 12 and escape pipe 14, is provided with blower 17, the dedusting on the dust removing tube 16 Pipe 16 connects bag filter 18, and the outlet of bag filter 18 is passed through 19 water surface lower bottom part of dedusting sink, institute by pipeline It states and exhaust pipe 20 and negative pressure pump 21 is set at the top of dedusting sink 19, overflow pipe 22 is arranged in 19 top of dedusting sink, described to overflow Flow tube is connected with water tank 23.
Preferably, flowmeter 24 is provided on the slurry jet pipe 2.
Preferably, thermometer 25 and pressure gauge 26 are additionally provided on the hot wind inlet pipe 6.
Preferably, heat exchanger 27 is provided on the negative pressure ventilation pipe 12 and escape pipe 14.
In actual production, slurry is by the atomizer spray in drying tower at imperceptible misty liquid pearl, spray drying tower The hot wind inlet pipe of lower end is uniformly passed through hot wind, misty liquid pearl and thermal current parallel flow contact, and dry is graininess, the particle of generation at Product continuously enter discharging chamber from drying tower bottom discharge port, and the negative pressure ventilation pipe on discharging chamber top will be fine crushing by negative pressure sucking pump Particle and dust are sent into bag filter.
Discharging bin and the dust of gas outlet are sucked into bag-type dust cabinet using blower, at the same time, by bag-type dust Gas after device dedusting enters the further dedusting of dedusting sink, in this way, layering, being optimal of filter effect later will Purified air discharge.Granular material in bag filter is further recycled, and the utilization rate of material is improved, And reduce dust bring air pollution.
Although the invention has been described by way of example and in terms of the preferred embodiments, but it is not for limiting the present invention, any this field Technical staff without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, may be by the methods and technical content of the disclosure above to this hair Bright technical solution makes possible variation and modification, therefore, anything that does not depart from the technical scheme of the invention, and according to the present invention Technical spirit any simple modifications, equivalents, and modifications to the above embodiments, belong to technical solution of the present invention Protection scope.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method for producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant, which comprises the following steps:
1) by low bauxite crushing and grinding to 100-200 mesh, in the low bauxite, in terms of mass percentage, Al2O3Content For 45-55 %；
2) the low bauxite after copper tailing and grinding is mixed according to formula rate, is made mixed raw material, in the mixed raw material, In terms of mass percentage, the mass ratio of copper tailing and low bauxite are as follows: 25%-35%:65%-75%；
3) add water in mixed raw material, be sent into ceramic ball mill stirring wet-milling into mud, it is to mix that quality is added while wet-milling The water-reducing agent of raw material 0.5%-1% and the bonding agent of 0.2%-0.5%；
Then the slurry of milled is put into kiln basin；
4) mud of milled is dried using reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower, is granulated simultaneously, solid spherical shape is made Particle；
Mud sprays downwards from tower top in the reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower, and hot wind enters from tower bottom, arranges from tower top Out, hot wind is opposite with the direction of motion of mud droplet；
5) solid spherical particles after spray drying granulation are sieved, chooses the particle of 100-35 mesh as semi-finished product base Ball tails over and mud is added as raw material；
6) the semi-finished product base ball for sieving step 5), after drying kiln drying, into rotary kiln high-temperature calcination, firing temperature It is 1300-1450 DEG C, it is cooling subsequently into cooling kiln；
7) pass through high-temperature calcination haydite after cooling, granular size concentrates on 40-140 mesh, by screening, while obtaining 40/70 With 70/140 mesh, two kinds of specification products.
2. a kind of method for producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described The height of reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower is 4-10 times of internal diameter.
3. a kind of method for producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Reverse-flow pressure spray dryer is granulated the hot wind inlet temperature control of tower bottom at 350 DEG C -400 DEG C, top gas outlet temperature Control is at 100 DEG C -150 DEG C.
4. a kind of method for producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described At reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower top of tower feed slurry inlet, slurry pressure is 1.8-2.2MPa, and slurry spray piece aperture is 1.2-1.8mm。
5. a kind of method for producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Solid content is 65-75% in mud, and granularity is 800-2000 mesh.
6. a kind of method for producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower obtains solid spherical particles, moisture content 6-8%, particle size by mist projection granulating 95% or more the solid ball particle accounting between -35 mesh of 100 mesh.
7. a kind of method for producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Solid spherical particles are also used as the introduction of big partial size ceramic product, are granulated by disk pelletizing machine.
8. a kind of method for producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Water-reducing agent includes but is not limited to one or both of sodium tripolyphosphate, calgon mixture；The bonding agent include but It is not limited to one or both of CMC, dextrin mixture.
9. a kind of reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower, which is characterized in that including drying tower, the drying tower top is provided with Slurry jet pipe and slurry spray nozzle, lower part are provided with discharge port, and the dry tower bottom is provided with hot wind inlet pipe and hot wind spray head, top Portion is provided with gas outlet；The hot wind spray head is set to above discharge port；
The slurry jet pipe connects kiln basin by feed pump, and multiple slurry spray nozzles, the slurry is arranged on the slurry jet pipe Spray head is uniformly distributed in drying tower in same level；
The dry tower bottom is taper, and conical lower portion is provided with discharge port, and the discharge port connects discharging chamber, the discharging chamber Top is provided with negative pressure ventilation pipe, and the negative pressure ventilation pipe is connected with dust-extraction unit, is provided with negative pressure on the negative pressure ventilation pipe Aspiration pump；
Multiple hot wind spray heads are provided on the hot wind inlet pipe, the hot wind spray head uniformly divides in same level in drying tower Cloth；
The gas outlet is connected with escape pipe, and the escape pipe connects dust-extraction unit, is provided with negative pressure air-out on the escape pipe Pump.
10. a kind of reverse-flow pressure spray dryer granulation tower according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the dedusting dress It sets including dust removing tube, blower, bag filter and the dedusting of sealing sink, the dust removing tube connection negative pressure ventilation pipe and outlet It manages, blower is provided on the dust removing tube, the dust removing tube connects bag filter, and the bag filter outlet passes through pipeline It is passed through dedusting sink underwater bottom, the dedusting sink top setting exhaust pipe and negative pressure pump, dedusting sink top are set Overflow pipe is set, the overflow pipe is connected with water tank.
CN201910625915.4A 2019-07-11 2019-07-11 A kind of method and apparatus producing small particle low-density ceramic proppant Pending CN110358525A (en)

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CN112028603A (en) * 2020-08-24 2020-12-04 垣曲县刚玉陶粒有限责任公司 Method for manufacturing multifunctional ceramsite sand by using bauxite tailings

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