CN110357758A - A kind of mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110357758A CN110357758A CN201910729927.1A CN201910729927A CN110357758A CN 110357758 A CN110357758 A CN 110357758A CN 201910729927 A CN201910729927 A CN 201910729927A CN 110357758 A CN110357758 A CN 110357758A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- nio
- mesh structural
- preparation
- structural porous
- porous nio
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0008—Compounding the ingredient
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
Abstract
A kind of mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials and preparation method thereof, belong to the technical field of Energetic Nanomaterials.The present invention solves existing preparation method, and there are preparation method complexity, technical problem at high cost.The method of the present invention: Step 1: by mesh structural porous NiO powder and Al powder difference ultrasonic disperse in organic solvent；Step 2: then mixing, continues ultrasonic disperse, be then centrifuged for, it is dry, obtain mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials.Hydro-thermal method preparation can be used in mesh structural porous NiO powder.Al particle of the present invention is dispersed in NiO network, the contact distance between NiO and Al can be effectively reduced, mass transfer distance is reduced, NiO oxidant and the contact area of Al can also be effectively increased, and since the reticulated porous structures of NiO can effectively avoid the aggregation of a large amount of aluminum particulates, improve efficiency of combustion.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of Energetic Nanomaterials；More particularly to a kind of mesh structural porous NiO/Al nanometers material containing energy
Material and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Principle based on thermit reaction, aluminium and the stronger oxide of oxidisability can form thermite class energetic material, have
The characteristics of high mass density and high-energy density, is widely used in welding, metallurgy and military field.Traditional aluminothermy energetic material is anti-
It answers speed slow, limits the application of this kind of energetic material.Energetic Nanomaterials are by Al nanopowders and nanometer or microns oxide
Mixing, increases contact area between the two, so that its reaction speed and burning velocity is greatly improved, thermal discharge mentions
Height, while the opposite preparation of material is simple, cost decline.
But also bring some problems demands to solve simultaneously, such as alumina particles size is small, activity is big, and stability is poor, particle it
Between easily reunite, thus reduce and oxidant contact probability, the alumina particles after aggregation also cause itself activity reduce, most
The efficiency of Energetic Nanomaterials is caused to decline eventually.
Therefore thermite class energetic material will overcome the agglomeration of nanoparticle at present, improve oxidant and alumina particles
Contact area, to realize efficient thermit reaction.
The prior art is such as: number of patent application: 201110413255.7, entitled three-dimensional ordered macroporous metal oxide Ji Na
Rice energetic material and preparation method thereof, the patent prepare three-dimensional ordered macroporous oxide as oxidation as template using micro- glueballs
Agent forms Energetic Nanomaterials with nano active metallic particles, and this method can form porous structure, but preparation method is complicated,
It first needs to prepare micro- glueballs and be assembled, then prepare metallic oxide precursor liquid and fill gap between micro- glueballs, to micro- glue
Ball obtains macropore metal oxide after being removed, finally assembled with metallic particles.Number of patent application are as follows:
201710655753.X entitled a kind of Al/CuO/ porous graphene Nanocomposite Energetic Materials and preparation method thereof, the patent
CuO and Al is assembled using porous graphene, makes the two absorption on graphene, this method can avoid the aggregation of Al particle, also exist
Contact of the Al with CuO is added somewhat to, but introduces grapheme material in the process, and graphene itself and is not involved in
Thermit reaction increases experimental procedure and difficulty, also increases cost.Topic are as follows: 3D ordered macroporous NiO/
Al nanothermite film with significantly improved higher heat output,lower
ignition temperature and less gas production(Materials and Design 110(2016)
304-310), in the paper, thermite energetic material is formed using porous NiO and Al, porous NiO is to be also by micro- glueballs
As template, the precursor liquid of NiO is coated in after the gap of micro- glueballs, removes micro- glueballs and form porous NiO, then pass through
The method of magnetron sputtering sputters one layer of Al film on porous NiO, forms NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials, and this method obtains
Even porous NiO structure, but preparation method is complicated, micro- glueballs template preparation time is longer, and subsequent also needs to utilize magnetron sputtering
Equipment increases the cost of material preparation.
Summary of the invention
The invention solves existing preparation method, there are preparation method complexity, technical problem at high cost；And provide one
Mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials of kind and preparation method thereof.
In the present invention a kind of mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials be mesh structural porous NiO powder and the assembling of Al powder and
At；Specifically carry out in the steps below:
Step 1: by mesh structural porous NiO powder and Al powder difference ultrasonic disperse in organic solvent；
Step 2: then mixing, continues ultrasonic disperse, be then centrifuged for, it is dry, mesh structural porous NiO/Al nanometers is obtained containing energy
Material.
It further limits, the quality purity 99% of Al powder, partial size 30nm-50nm.
It further limits, the ultrasonic disperse time controls in 20min-30min in step 1.
It further limits, organic solvent is isopropanol in step 1.It further limits, Al:NiO matter is pressed in step 2
Amount is than being that (1:5)-(1:1) is mixed.
It further limits, ultrasonic disperse 30min-60min in step 2.
Further limit, it is 6 hours dry at 60 DEG C in step 2.
It further limits, mesh structural porous NiO powder is prepared using hydro-thermal method, and specific preparation process is as follows:
Step 1. configures nickel nitrate aqueous solution, and hexa is then added, and is uniformly mixed, wherein nickel nitrate solution
Molar ratio with hexa is (1:1)-(4:1)；
Step 2. is subsequently poured into hydrothermal reaction kettle, and sealing is put into baking oven and heats 6 hours -12 at 80 DEG C -120 DEG C
Hour；
After step 3. reaction terminates, it is cooled to room temperature taking-up to hydrothermal reaction kettle, is centrifuged, washed, it is dry；
Then step 4. heats 2-6 hours at 230 DEG C -500 DEG C, obtain mesh structural porous NiO powder.
Energetic Nanomaterials of the present invention using mesh structural porous NiO as oxidant, with aluminum nanoparticles composition.
NiO is the oxidant haveing excellent performance, and can carry out thermit reaction by reacting as follows with Al:
2Al+3NiO→Al2O3+3Ni+ΔH
NiO is reticulated porous structures in the present invention, and Al particle is dispersed in NiO network, can effectively reduce NiO and Al
Between contact distance, reduce mass transfer distance, NiO oxidant and the contact area of Al can also be effectively increased, and due to NiO's
Reticulated porous structures can effectively avoid the aggregation of a large amount of aluminum particulates, improve efficiency of combustion.This method preparation method is simple, operation side
Just, at low cost.
Mesh structural porous NiO only needs materials chemistry method to synthesize in the present invention, is not required to template during the preparation process, can shape
It at porous structure, is assembled with Al particle, avoids Al particle aggregation, increase the two contact area, effectively increase burning speed
Degree, and without entering other substances such as graphene, it is not necessarily to magnetron sputtering, the vacuum coating equipments such as atom sediment, preparation side
Method is simple, at low cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope top view of mesh structural porous NiO；
Fig. 2 is NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials scanning electron microscope top view；
Fig. 3 is the DSC curve of NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: the mesh structural porous NiO of raw material is used using hydro-thermal method preparation in the present embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:
Step 1. configuration concentration is the nickel nitrate aqueous solution of 0.06mol/L, and then by hexa is added, mixing is equal
It is even, obtain mixed solution, wherein the concentration of nickel nitrate is 0.06mol/L in mixed solution, and the concentration of hexa is
0.06mol/L, the volume of water are 30mL；
Matched mixed solution is put into water heating kettle by step 2., and sealing is put into baking oven and heats 9 hours at 90 DEG C；
After step 3. reaction terminates, it is cooled to room temperature taking-up to reaction kettle, is centrifuged, is washed with deionized,
150 DEG C of dry 30min, obtain nickel hydroxide powder；
Step 4. heats nickel hydroxide powder 2 hours at 250 DEG C, obtains nickel oxide powder, nickel oxide powder tool
There is reticulated porous structures (see Fig. 1).
Embodiment 2: the preparation of NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials in the present embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: prepared by 1g embodiment 1 netted more by 0.25g nanometer aluminium powder ultrasonic disperse in 50mL isopropanol
Hole NiO powder ultrasonic is scattered in 50mL isopropanol, and the ultrasonic disperse time is 20min；
It is mixed Step 2: step 1 is then obtained solution, continues ultrasonic disperse 60min, centrifugation, dry 6 at 60 DEG C
Hour, NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials are obtained, see Fig. 2.
As shown in Figure 2, Al particle is dispersed in porous NiO, soilless sticking phenomenon.
The DSC curve of NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials is as shown in figure 3, NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials exist as shown in Figure 3
There is a biggish exothermic peak between 500-700 DEG C.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials, it is characterised in that the energetic material is mesh structural porous NiO powder
Assemble with Al powder.
2. a kind of mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the quality of Al powder
Purity 99%, partial size 30nm-50nm.
3. such as a kind of preparation method of mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials of claims 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the system
Preparation Method carries out in the steps below:
Step 1: by mesh structural porous NiO powder and Al powder difference ultrasonic disperse in organic solvent；
Step 2: then mixing, continues ultrasonic disperse, be then centrifuged for, it is dry, obtain the mesh structural porous NiO/Al nanometers material containing energy
Material.
4. according to a kind of preparation method of mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials of claim 2, it is characterised in that step 1
The middle ultrasonic disperse time controls in 20min-30min.
5. according to a kind of preparation method of mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials of claim 2, it is characterised in that step 1
Middle organic solvent is isopropanol.
6. according to a kind of preparation method of mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials of claim 2, it is characterised in that step 2
In by Al:NiO mass ratio be (1:5)-(1:1) mix.
7. according to a kind of preparation method of mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials of claim 2, it is characterised in that step 2
Middle ultrasonic disperse 30min-60min.
8. according to a kind of preparation method of mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials of claim 2, it is characterised in that step 2
In it is 6 hours dry at 60 DEG C.
9. a kind of preparation of mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials according to claim 3-8 any one claim
Method, it is characterised in that mesh structural porous NiO powder described in step 1 is prepared using hydro-thermal method, and specific preparation step is such as
Under:
Step 1. configures nickel nitrate aqueous solution, and hexa is then added, and is uniformly mixed, wherein nickel nitrate solution and six
The molar ratio of methenamine is (1:1)~(4:1)；
Step 2. is subsequently poured into hydrothermal reaction kettle, and sealing is put into baking oven and heats -12 hours 6 hours at 80 DEG C -120 DEG C；
After step 3. reaction terminates, it is cooled to room temperature taking-up to hydrothermal reaction kettle, is centrifuged, washed, it is dry；
Then step 4. heats 2-6 hours at 230 DEG C -500 DEG C, obtain mesh structural porous NiO powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910729927.1A CN110357758B (en) | 2019-08-08 | 2019-08-08 | Reticular porous NiO/Al nano energetic material and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910729927.1A CN110357758B (en) | 2019-08-08 | 2019-08-08 | Reticular porous NiO/Al nano energetic material and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110357758A true CN110357758A (en) | 2019-10-22 |
| CN110357758B CN110357758B (en) | 2021-07-27 |
Family
ID=68222356
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910729927.1A Active CN110357758B (en) | 2019-08-08 | 2019-08-08 | Reticular porous NiO/Al nano energetic material and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110357758B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113618272A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-11-09 | 重庆大学 | Flower-shaped core-shell structure composite energetic material and preparation method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20120258849A1 (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2012-10-11 | Wenjun Xi | Method of in situ synthesis by thermite reaction with sol-gel and FeNiCrTi/NiAl-A12O3 nanocomposite materials prepared by the method |
| CN103159186A (en) * | 2011-12-10 | 2013-06-19 | 南京理工大学 | Three-dimensional ordered macroporous metal oxide based nano energetic material, and preparation method thereof |
| CN105693442A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-22 | 电子科技大学 | Ignition bridge with lattice-shaped energy-containing thin film |
| CN109678630A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-26 | 重庆大学 | The preparation method of Al/NiO sheet thermite |
-
2019
- 2019-08-08 CN CN201910729927.1A patent/CN110357758B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20120258849A1 (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2012-10-11 | Wenjun Xi | Method of in situ synthesis by thermite reaction with sol-gel and FeNiCrTi/NiAl-A12O3 nanocomposite materials prepared by the method |
| CN103159186A (en) * | 2011-12-10 | 2013-06-19 | 南京理工大学 | Three-dimensional ordered macroporous metal oxide based nano energetic material, and preparation method thereof |
| CN105693442A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-22 | 电子科技大学 | Ignition bridge with lattice-shaped energy-containing thin film |
| CN109678630A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-26 | 重庆大学 | The preparation method of Al/NiO sheet thermite |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| CHUNPEI YU等: "3D ordered macroporous NiO/Al nanothermite film with significantly improved higher heat output, lower ignition temperature and less gas production", 《MATERIALS AND DESIGN》 * |
| JOHN Z WEN等: "Characterization of thermochemical properties of Al nanoparticle and NiO nanowire composites", 《NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS》 * |
| 白广梅等: "规整形貌纳微米氧化镍的制备及光催化性能", 《实验室研究与探索》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113618272A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-11-09 | 重庆大学 | Flower-shaped core-shell structure composite energetic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113618272B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2024-04-30 | 重庆大学 | Flower-shaped core-shell structure composite energetic material and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110357758B (en) | 2021-07-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109244427B (en) | Preparation method of carbon-coated zinc sulfide loaded graphene as potassium ion battery cathode | |
| CN108529692B (en) | Preparation method of hollow spherical nickel oxide | |
| CN103145199B (en) | Preparation method of cobalt oxide/graphene composite nano material | |
| CN113023794B (en) | Cobalt-free high-nickel positive electrode material, preparation method thereof, lithium ion battery positive electrode and lithium ion battery | |
| CN102942165B (en) | Graphene and ferrum diselenide composite material and method for preparing same | |
| CN110707301A (en) | Vanadium trioxide/carbon composite material with nanosphere structure and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN109621988B (en) | Sea urchin-shaped hollow-structure nickel-copper-selenium ternary nano catalytic material and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN106216705A (en) | A kind of preparation method of 3D printing fine grained simple substance globular metallic powder | |
| CN110976901A (en) | Preparation method of nano copper powder | |
| CN106622318A (en) | Layered composite photocatalyst using bimetallic nanoparticles as heterojunctions and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108448091A (en) | A kind of MoO2/SnS2Nanocomposite and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107537501A (en) | A kind of hierarchical Z nO/CuO composites and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109317182A (en) | A kind of g-C3N4The preparation method of/Au@Pt heterojunction photocatalysis material | |
| CN113023789A (en) | Olive-type carbonate ternary precursor with large specific surface area and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105329932A (en) | Method for large-scale preparation of carbon-doped mixed transition metal oxide porous microspheres | |
| CN110357758A (en) | A kind of mesh structural porous NiO/Al Energetic Nanomaterials and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109822107B (en) | Preparation method of gold nanoparticle composite biomass carbon material | |
| CN106082286B (en) | A kind of thermal battery electrolyte inhibitor MgO and preparation method thereof | |
| Zhao et al. | Continuous impinging in a two-stage micromixer for the homogeneous growth of monodispersed ultrasmall Ni–Co oxides on graphene flakes with enhanced supercapacitive performance | |
| CN105110384A (en) | Porous cobaltosic oxide and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109261170B (en) | Pd @ Pd4S-porous carbon nano material and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN105198006B (en) | The application of porous cobaltosic oxide | |
| CN114349041B (en) | Preparation method of zinc sulfide and cobalt sulfide core-shell cube nanomaterial suitable for sodium ion battery electrode | |
| CN113479897B (en) | Method for preparing two-dimensional nano sheet silicate by using attapulgite and application thereof | |
| CN102489303B (en) | Preparation method of cerium-doped NiO microsphere with hierarchical structure |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |