CN110355366A - Powder spreader mechanism with can on-line checking quality metal increasing material manufacturing device and method - Google Patents
Powder spreader mechanism with can on-line checking quality metal increasing material manufacturing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110355366A CN110355366A CN201910548274.7A CN201910548274A CN110355366A CN 110355366 A CN110355366 A CN 110355366A CN 201910548274 A CN201910548274 A CN 201910548274A CN 110355366 A CN110355366 A CN 110355366A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910002114 biscuit porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/22—Driving means
- B22F12/224—Driving means for motion along a direction within the plane of a layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/44—Radiation means characterised by the configuration of the radiation means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/70—Gas flow means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses Powder spreader mechanism with can on-line checking quality metal increasing material manufacturing device and method.The detection technique of existing increasing material manufacturing part is unable to satisfy high-precision and quick testing requirements.The present invention devises a kind of Powder spreader of high-speed smooth operation, and by installing line-scan digital camera on Powder spreader, the high speed of the even running and image that not only ensure that line-scan digital camera is obtained, but also guarantees that increasing material manufacturing not will receive the influence of detection system in the process；Quick real-time online detection and analysis can be carried out to each layer of increasing material manufacturing of manufacture, to the laser power of feedback laser generator and the scanning speed of laser reflection sweep mechanism, while ensuring to reach part quality requirement to the sintering process of metal powder, it economizes on resources, avoid after the completion of component forming because quality problems cause it is unqualified, manufacturing cost can be reduced, the production efficiency of powdering formula metal increasing material manufacturing also can be improved.The present invention provides a kind of new method for the control shape on-line checking of increasing material manufacturing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to increases material manufacturing technology field, more particularly, to Powder spreader mechanism with can on-line checking quality
Metal increasing material manufacturing device and method.
Background technique
Increasing material manufacturing (Additive Manufacturing, AM) technology, also referred to as rapid shaping (Rapid
Prototyping Manufacturing, RPM) technology, it is commonly called as 3D printing technique.Relative to tradition " subtracting material manufacture " technology
Difference is that the novel digital molding of manufacture is realized by the stacked in multi-layers to material based on discrete-accumulation principle
Technology.The basic principle is that the threedimensional model pre-established is carried out hierarchy slicing, then from bottom to top by increasing material manufacturing equipment
" printing " go out each layer of slice, be finally stacked into three-dimensional entity model.This manufacturing technology is neither by conventional tool, mold
Limitation, and the complex component manufacture that conventional machining process is difficult to realize or can not process can be further realized.Due to not passed
It unites cutter, mold limitation, significantly reduces the period of research and development, it is research and development and complex component suitable for all kinds of novel products, a
The production and processing of property component and small lot single-piece.Metal increases material manufacturing technology be widely used in aerospace, ship,
Numerous high-grade, precision and advanced industry fields such as medical instrument, automobile.
For metal increases material manufacturing technology, powdering formula and two kinds of feeding type are divided into according to the difference of feeding style.Its
In, powdering formula metal increases material manufacturing technology is that the metal powder on print platform is melted or burnt using focused high-energy laser beam
Knot realizes the selective melting of laser by controlling the angle of reflecting mirror, completes the single layer manufacture of part.In the single layer system of completion
After making, print platform declines the distance of a slicing layer, and Powder spreader carries out the powdering of a slicing layer thickness to print platform, so
After repeat previous process, stacked in multi-layers is until completing the three-dimensionally shaped of one-piece parts.Type speed is made since powdering formula metal increases material
Degree is fast, and fusing effect is good, therefore is widely used in the fields such as aerospace, medical treatment.
Currently, studies in China person has been achieved for certain progress in the detection system design aspect of increasing material manufacturing part.
For example, being disclosed in CN108426839A a kind of laser ultrasonic detection module is grabbed using manipulator carry out increasing material manufacturing part
The method of detection, wherein by carrying out gridding to surface to be detected and combining the laser detector of manipulator clamping to the side XY
It is calculated to progress ultrasonic signal detection, then by different coefficient, Lai Shixian treats the detection of side plane.But the detection of the program
Efficiency is not high, one layer of increasing material manufacturing of every completion, requires mechanical arm and scanning means is placed in above plane to be measured, complete
After detection, then by mechanical arm scanning means is removed into print area, next layer of increasing material manufacturing can be carried out just now.Therefore, should
Scheme affects the process of increasing material manufacturing, reduces the speed of rapid shaping, effect is limited in practical applications.
The scheme of a kind of layer-by-layer defects detection of the increasing material manufacturing based on double CCD cameras and reparation, the party are disclosed in CN108489986A
Case is taken pictures by two CCD industrial cameras in the case where annular light source irradiates workpiece, and is carried out to acquired image
Analysis finally obtains each layer during increasing material manufacturing of precision analysis as a result, timely feedbacking to improve machining accuracy.But
There are certain inclination angles with measured surface for CCD camera in the program, and due to the presence at the inclination angle, image acquired in area array cameras must
So there is distortion, even if still will lead to acquired precision of images decline, to be unable to reach by certain reducing program
The detection accuracy of anticipation.
In addition, there has also been certain breakthroughs in terms of the on-line detecting system of electric arc increasing material manufacturing part by studies in China person.
Disclosed in CN107764798A it is a kind of using acquiring and analyzing spectrum the method for analyzing electric arc increasing material manufacturing part quality, should
Scheme is by being acquired the spectrum during electric arc increasing material manufacturing with the shrinkable truss that welding gun moves synchronously and finally handing over
Be analyzed and processed by computer, finally obtain the print state under current state and in time give welding gun feedback, in time amendment or
Stop the process of increasing material manufacturing.But the program uses the truss mechanism moved synchronously, in order to guarantee that welding gun can be same with truss
Fixed plate structure has just been used in step movement, which is likely to result in the accuracy decline of increasing material manufacturing itself.At the same time, spectrum
There is certain errors for analysis itself, and spectrum analysis requires to collect a large amount of number for different increasing material manufacturing materials
According to.
Therefore, existing detection technique is unable to satisfy high-precision and quick testing requirements, and developing one kind can on-line checking
The metal increasing material manufacturing device of quality becomes especially urgent and important.
Summary of the invention
For the above insufficient and Improvement requirement of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of Powder spreader machines
Structure, another is designed to provide a kind of can examine online based on linear array industrial camera by improving to Powder spreader mechanism
The metal increasing material manufacturing device and method of mass metering.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
Powder spreader mechanism of the present invention includes linear light source, line-scan digital camera, Powder spreader, Y-direction linear electric machine, Y-direction sliding shoe, angle position
Platform and X are moved to straight line slide unit；The Powder spreader includes the first cylinder, the second cylinder, Powder spreader bracket, third cylinder, the
Four cylinders, the first powdering brush and the second powdering brush；The pedestal of angular displacement platform is fixed on X to the X of straight line slide unit on sliding shoe,
X is fixed on displacement platform bracket to the pedestal of straight line slide unit, and displacement platform bracket is fixed on Powder spreader bracket；The paving
Powder device bracket and the Y-direction sliding shoe of Y-direction linear electric machine are fixed；The pedestal of Y-direction linear electric machine is fixed on platform support；First gas
Cylinder, the second cylinder, third cylinder and the 4th cylinder cylinder body be each attached on Powder spreader bracket；First cylinder and third cylinder
Piston rod is fixed with the first powdering brush, and the piston rod of the second cylinder and the 4th cylinder is fixed with the second powdering brush；First gas
Cylinder is moved synchronously with third cylinder, and the second cylinder is moved synchronously with the 4th cylinder；X-direction reference axis and the equal position of Y-direction reference axis
In on horizontal plane, Z-direction reference axis is located on vertical plane；Two blow vents of the first cylinder and third cylinder and reversal valve one
Two gas outlets are respectively communicated with, and the air inlet of reversal valve one connects air pump；The two of second cylinder and the 4th cylinder and reversal valve two
A gas outlet is respectively communicated with, and the air inlet of reversal valve two connects air pump.The line-scan digital camera is fixed on camera support, camera
Bracket is fixed on the mounting surface of angular displacement platform；The linear light source is fixed on light source bracket, and light source bracket and Y-direction are slided
Block is fixed；The same side of Powder spreader bracket, the emergent light of linear light source and the angle of horizontal plane is arranged in linear light source and line-scan digital camera
Equal to the angle of depression of line-scan digital camera.Y-direction linear electric machine, reversal valve one and the reversal valve two is controlled by controller.
The angular displacement platform uses the angular displacement of the model KSMG15-65 of Beijing Zolix Instrument Co., Ltd.
Platform；The X is to straight line slide unit using the horizontal displacement of the model KSM25A-65C of Beijing Zolix Instrument Co., Ltd.
Platform.
The present invention can on-line checking quality metal increasing material manufacturing device, including laser generator, laser reflection scanning machine
Structure, powder supplying mechanism, Powder spreader mechanism, platform support, front apron, print platform mechanism, side outside plate, print platform lower plate fixed plate
With rear outside plate；Print platform powder supply of the powder supplying mechanism to print platform mechanism, Powder spreader mechanism realization powdering；Laser reflection scanning
Mechanism constantly regulate the angle of its interior two reflecting mirror according to scan path instruction, realizes the laser sintered of laser generator transmitting
The different location of metal powder, to realize that part forms on print platform；It plate spacing and is arranged in parallel outside two pieces of sides；Two pieces of sides
The rear portion of outside plate is fixed with rear outside plate, and front is detachably connected with front apron；Outside platform support and rear outside plate and two pieces of sides
It is fixed at the top of plate；It is fixed respectively in the middle part of the fixed board ends of print platform lower plate and two pieces of side outside plates.
The print platform mechanism includes top frame, under(-)chassis, print platform, primary optic axis, the first support, beats
Platform top is printed, the second support, the second optical axis, third support, horizontal support, the 4th support, screw rod, third optical axis, prints and puts down
Platform mechanism fixed plate, first straight line bearing, feed screw nut, second straight line bearing, third linear bearing, the 4th linear bearing,
Four optical axises, shaft coupling, the 5th support, electric machine support, the 6th support, stepper motor, the 7th support and the 8th support；Described beats
Print platform mechanism fixed plate is fixed in print platform lower plate fixed plate；It is solid that the feed screw nut is fixed on print platform mechanism
Below fixed board, and screw pair is constituted with screw rod；Horizontal support is fixed on print platform top plate bottom；Screw rod is supported on horizontal support
On, and connect with the output shaft of stepper motor by shaft coupling；The pedestal of stepper motor is fixed on electric machine support, electric machine support
It is fixed on under(-)chassis.Print platform top plate is fixed in top frame, and the print platform via hole opened up with platform support
Alignment setting；Print platform is fixed at the top of print platform top plate；First straight line bearing, second straight line bearing, third linear axis
Hold with the 4th linear bearing array arrangement, and be each attached to below print platform mechanism fixed plate；First support, the second support,
Third support and the arrangement of the 4th carriage array, and be each attached in top frame；5th support, the 6th support, the 7th support and
The arrangement of 8th carriage array, and be each attached on under(-)chassis；Print platform mechanism fixed plate and the are passed through in the middle part of primary optic axis
Three linear bearings, both ends and the first support and the 7th support respectively constitute revolute pair.Print platform machine is passed through in the middle part of second optical axis
Structure fixed plate and first straight line bearing, both ends and the second support and the 5th support respectively constitute revolute pair.It is worn in the middle part of third optical axis
Print platform mechanism fixed plate and second straight line bearing are crossed, both ends and the 4th support and the 6th support respectively constitute revolute pair.The
Print platform mechanism fixed plate and the 4th linear bearing are passed through in the middle part of four optical axises, structure is distinguished at both ends and third support and the 8th support
At revolute pair.
Laser reflection sweep mechanism, powder supplying mechanism and the stepper motor is controlled by controller, laser generator
Laser power is controlled by controller.
The top frame is made of first crossbeam, second cross beam, third crossbeam and the 4th crossbeam；Second cross beam both ends
It is fixed respectively with first crossbeam and third crossbeam, the 4th crossbeam both ends are fixed with first crossbeam and third crossbeam respectively；First is horizontal
Beam, second cross beam, third crossbeam and the 4th crossbeam surround squarely.
The under(-)chassis is by the 5th crossbeam, the 6th crossbeam, the 7th crossbeam and the 8th crossbeam；6th crossbeam both ends difference
It is fixed with the 5th crossbeam and the 7th crossbeam, the 8th crossbeam both ends are fixed with the 5th crossbeam and the 7th crossbeam respectively；5th crossbeam,
Six crossbeams, the 7th crossbeam and the 8th crossbeam surround squarely.
This can on-line checking quality metal increasing material manufacturing device manufacturing method, it is specific as follows:
The first step opens linear light source, has manually adjusted X to straight line slide unit and angular displacement platform, so that line-scan digital camera is bowed
Angle is equal to the emergent light of linear light source and the angle of horizontal plane, and range of exposures of the emergent light of linear light source on print platform is in
Line-scan digital camera is shot in the visual field.
Second step, powder supplying mechanism control print platform mechanism to print platform powder supply, controller, realize that print platform is vertical
Decline the displacement of a slice thickness.
Third step, controller control reversal valve one and reversal valve two, and the first cylinder and third cylinder is made to realize the first powdering
Brush is in lifting state, and the second cylinder and the 4th cylinder realize that the second powdering brush is in decline state.
4th step, controller control Y-direction linear electric machine and Powder spreader bracket are driven to realize the fortune on Y-direction reference axis negative sense
Dynamic, the second powdering brush completes powdering.
5th step, controller controls reversal valve one and reversal valve two commutates, and the first cylinder and third cylinder is made to realize first
Powdering brush is vertically lowered, and the second cylinder and the 4th cylinder realize that the second powdering brush rises vertically.
6th step, controller control Y-direction linear electric machine and Powder spreader bracket are driven to realize the fortune of Y-direction reference axis forward
Dynamic, the first powdering brush completes powdering.Controller controls laser reflection sweep mechanism and instructs continuous reflection laser according to scan path
The laser of generator sending is simultaneously radiated on bisque, completes one layer of printing of part.
7th step repeats second step, third step and the 4th step, and controller controls line-scan digital camera pair while executing four steps
Upper one layer of printing situation of part carries out Image Acquisition, and the image of acquisition is transmitted to computer disposal.
8th step, computer analyze the current dimensional accuracy of part whether 1.1~1.3 times of dimensional accuracy threshold value it
Between, and whether surface roughness between the 0.7~0.9 of surface roughness threshold value, if so then execute the tenth step, otherwise according to
Lower two conditions execute Different Strategies:
Condition one: when 1.1 times of the current dimensional accuracy of part lower than dimensional accuracy threshold value and being higher than dimensional accuracy threshold value,
And surface roughness be higher than surface roughness threshold value 0.9 and be lower than surface roughness threshold value when, the laser function of laser generator
Rate increases 1.3 times or the scanning speed of laser reflection sweep mechanism slows down 1.3 times, executes the tenth step；
Condition two: when 1.3 times of the current dimensional accuracy of part higher than dimensional accuracy threshold value, and surface roughness is lower than table
Surface roughness threshold value 0.7 when, the laser power of laser generator reduces the scanning speed of 1.1 times or laser reflection sweep mechanism
Accelerate 1.1 times, executes the tenth step.
Condition three: when other situations, the 9th step is executed；
9th step, the laser power of laser generator increases 1.5 times or the scanning speed of laser reflection sweep mechanism slows down
1.5 times, rejected part is removed, print platform resets, and returns to second step.
Tenth step repeats the 5th step and the 6th step.
11st step returns to second step, otherwise completes entire zero if also not executing the tenth step to the last one slicing layer
The increasing material manufacturing of part.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
The present invention devises a kind of Powder spreader of high-speed smooth operation, and by installing line-scan digital camera on Powder spreader, both
The high speed of the even running and image that ensure that line-scan digital camera obtains, and guarantees not will receive detection system during increasing material manufacturing
Influence；Quick real-time online detection and analysis can be carried out to each layer of increasing material manufacturing of manufacture, thus feedback laser generator
Laser power and laser reflection sweep mechanism scanning speed, it is ensured that part quality requirement is reached to the sintering process of metal powder
While, it economizes on resources, avoids to reduce manufacturing cost because quality problems cause unqualified, can also mentioning after the completion of component forming
The production efficiency of high powdering formula metal increasing material manufacturing；Line-scan digital camera and Powder spreader share the linear electric machine of a high-speed driving, save
The mechanism for having removed high-speed driving line-scan digital camera, simplifies structure.The present invention provides one for the control shape on-line checking of increasing material manufacturing
The new method of kind；Line-scan digital camera effectively prevents generating error caused by distortion when image obtains, and substantially improves from image
Detection accuracy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is principle schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is structural schematic diagram of the present invention in addition to laser generator, laser reflection sweep mechanism and powder supplying mechanism；
Fig. 3 is that Powder spreader mechanism in the present invention, print platform mechanism, platform support, side outside plate, print platform lower plate are fixed
The assembling stereogram of plate and rear outside plate；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of Powder spreader mechanism of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the perspective view of print platform mechanism in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It elaborates with reference to the accompanying drawing to the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, can on-line checking quality metal increasing material manufacturing device, including laser generator, swash
Light reflects sweep mechanism, powder supplying mechanism, Powder spreader mechanism 6, platform support 7, front apron 8, print platform mechanism 11, side outside plate
12, print platform lower plate fixed plate 13 and rear outside plate 14；Print platform 5 powder supply of the powder supplying mechanism to print platform mechanism 11, paving
Fen Qi mechanism 6 realizes powdering；Laser reflection sweep mechanism constantly regulate the angle of its interior two reflecting mirror according to scan path instruction
Degree, realize laser generator transmitting laser sintered metal powder different location, thus realize part on print platform 5 at
Type；Laser generator and powder supplying mechanism are the prior art, for example, Li Suli in 2016 in " Chinese Foundry equipment and technology "
Documented laser generator and confession in the paper " comparative analysis of different metal 3D printing increases material manufacturing technology " delivered on periodical
Powder mechanism；It two pieces of 12 spacing of side outside plate and is arranged in parallel；The rear portion of two pieces of side outside plates 12 is fixed with rear outside plate 14, front with
Front apron 8 is detachably connected and (is connected in the present embodiment using screw)；Platform support 7 and rear outside plate 14 and two pieces of side outside plates 12 push up
Portion is fixed；13 both ends of print platform lower plate fixed plate are fixed respectively with two pieces of 12 middle parts of side outside plate.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, Powder spreader mechanism 6 includes linear light source 1, line-scan digital camera 2, Powder spreader 3, Y-direction linear electric machine
15, Y-direction sliding shoe 17, angular displacement platform 20 and X are to straight line slide unit 21；Powder spreader 3 includes the first cylinder 9, the second cylinder 10, paving
Powder device bracket 18, third cylinder 22, the 4th cylinder 24, the first powdering brush 25 and the second powdering brush 26；Angular displacement platform 20 uses
The angular displacement platform of the model KSMG15-65 of Beijing Zolix Instrument Co., Ltd.；X is stood upright to straight line slide unit 21 using Beijing
The horizontal displacement platform of the model KSM25A-65C of Han Guang Instrument Ltd..The pedestal of angular displacement platform 20 be fixed on X to
To on sliding shoe, X is fixed on displacement platform bracket 23 X of straight line slide unit 21 to the pedestal of straight line slide unit 21, displacement platform branch
Frame 23 is fixed on Powder spreader bracket 18；The Y-direction sliding shoe 17 of Powder spreader bracket 18 and Y-direction linear electric machine 15 is fixed；Y-direction is linear
The pedestal of motor 15 is fixed on platform support 7；First cylinder 9, the second cylinder 10, third cylinder 22 and the 4th cylinder 24 cylinder
Body is each attached on Powder spreader bracket 18；The piston rod of first cylinder 9 and third cylinder 22 is fixed with the first powdering brush 25, the
The piston rod of two cylinders 10 and the 4th cylinder 24 is fixed with the second powdering brush 26；First cylinder 9 fortune synchronous with third cylinder 22
The dynamic Z-direction movement for realizing the first powdering brush 25, the second cylinder 10 and the 4th cylinder 24 move synchronously and realize the second powdering brush 26
Z-direction movement；X-direction reference axis and Y-direction reference axis are respectively positioned on horizontal plane, and Z-direction reference axis is located on vertical plane；The
Two blow vents of one cylinder 9 and third cylinder 22 and two gas outlets of reversal valve one are respectively communicated with, the air inlet of reversal valve one
Mouth connection air pump；Two gas outlets of the second cylinder 10 and the 4th cylinder 24 and reversal valve two are respectively communicated with, reversal valve two into
Port connects air pump.Line-scan digital camera 2 is fixed on camera support 19, and camera support 19 is fixed on the mounting surface of angular displacement platform 20
On, angular displacement platform 20 realizes the angle adjustment of line-scan digital camera 2；Linear light source 1 is fixed on light source bracket 16, light source bracket 16 with
Y-direction sliding shoe 17 is fixed；The same side of Powder spreader bracket 18, the emergent light of linear light source 1 is arranged in linear light source 1 and line-scan digital camera 2
It is equal to the angle of depression of line-scan digital camera 2 with the angle of horizontal plane, and the emergent light of linear light source 1 is in the print platform of print platform mechanism 11
On range of exposures be in line-scan digital camera 2 shoot the visual field in.
As shown in figure 5, print platform mechanism 11 includes top frame, under(-)chassis, print platform 5, primary optic axis 27, the
One support 28, print platform top plate 30, the second support 32, the second optical axis 33, third support 34, horizontal support 35, the 4th support
37, screw rod 38, third optical axis 40, print platform mechanism fixed plate 41, first straight line bearing 42, feed screw nut 43, second straight line
Bearing 44, third linear bearing 45, the 4th linear bearing 46, the 4th optical axis 47, shaft coupling 48, the 5th support 50, electric machine support
51, the 6th support 52, stepper motor 53, the 7th support 56 and the 8th support 57；Print platform mechanism fixed plate 41, which is fixed on, beats
It prints in platform lower plate fixed plate 13；Feed screw nut 43 is fixed on 41 lower section of print platform mechanism fixed plate, and constitutes with screw rod 38
Screw pair；Top frame is made of first crossbeam 29, second cross beam 31, third crossbeam 36 and the 4th crossbeam 39；Second cross beam 31
Both ends are fixed with first crossbeam 29 and third crossbeam 36 respectively, 39 both ends of the 4th crossbeam respectively with first crossbeam 29 and third crossbeam
36 is fixed；First crossbeam 29, second cross beam 31, third crossbeam 36 and the 4th crossbeam 39 surround squarely；Under(-)chassis is by the 5th
Crossbeam 49, the 6th crossbeam 54, the 7th crossbeam 55 and the 8th crossbeam 58；6th crossbeam, 54 both ends respectively with the 5th crossbeam 49 and the 7th
Crossbeam 55 is fixed, and 58 both ends of the 8th crossbeam are fixed with the 5th crossbeam 49 and the 7th crossbeam 55 respectively；5th crossbeam 49, the 6th crossbeam
54, the 7th crossbeam 55 and the 8th crossbeam 58 surround squarely.Horizontal support 35 is fixed on 30 bottom of print platform top plate；Screw rod 38
It is supported on horizontal support 35, and is connect with the output shaft of stepper motor 53 by shaft coupling 48；The pedestal of stepper motor 53 is solid
It is scheduled on electric machine support 51, electric machine support 51 is fixed on under(-)chassis.Print platform top plate 30 is fixed in top frame, and
Setting is aligned with the print platform via hole that platform support 7 opens up；Print platform 5 is fixed on 30 top of print platform top plate；First
Linear bearing 42,46 array arrangement of second straight line bearing 44, third linear bearing 45 and the 4th linear bearing, and be each attached to and beat
Print 41 lower section of platform mechanism fixed plate；First support 28, the second support 32,37 array arrangement of third support 34 and the 4th support,
And it is each attached in top frame；5th support 50, the 6th support 52, the 7th support 56 and the arrangement of the 8th carriage array, and
It is fixed on under(-)chassis；Print platform mechanism fixed plate 41 and third linear bearing 45, both ends are passed through in the middle part of primary optic axis 27
Revolute pair is respectively constituted with the first support 28 and the 7th support 56.Print platform mechanism fixed plate 41 is passed through in the middle part of second optical axis 33
With first straight line bearing 42, both ends and the second support 32 and the 5th support 50 respectively constitute revolute pair.It is worn in the middle part of third optical axis 40
Print platform mechanism fixed plate 41 and second straight line bearing 44 are crossed, both ends and the 4th support 37 and the 6th support 52, which respectively constitute, to be turned
Dynamic pair.Print platform mechanism fixed plate 41 and the 4th linear bearing 46, both ends and third support 34 are passed through in the middle part of 4th optical axis 47
Revolute pair is respectively constituted with the 8th support 57.
Laser reflection sweep mechanism, powder supplying mechanism, Y-direction linear electric machine 15, reversal valve one, reversal valve two and stepper motor 53
It is controlled by controller, the laser power of laser generator is controlled by controller.
This can on-line checking quality metal increasing material manufacturing device manufacturing method, it is specific as follows:
The first step opens linear light source 1, has manually adjusted X to straight line slide unit 21 and angular displacement platform 20, so that line-scan digital camera
2 angle of depression is equal to the emergent light of linear light source 1 and the angle of horizontal plane, and irradiation of the emergent light of linear light source 1 on print platform
Range is in line-scan digital camera 2 and shoots in the visual field.
Second step, powder supplying mechanism control print platform mechanism 11 to 5 powder supply of print platform, controller, realize print platform 5
It is vertically lowered the displacement of a slice thickness.
Third step, controller control reversal valve one and reversal valve two, and the first cylinder 9 and third cylinder 22 is made to realize the first paving
Painting 25 is in lifting state, and the second cylinder 10 and the 4th cylinder 24 realize that the second powdering brush 26 is in decline state.
4th step, controller control Y-direction linear electric machine 15 and Powder spreader bracket 18 are driven to realize on Y-direction reference axis negative sense
Movement, the second powdering brush 26 complete powdering.
5th step, controller control reversal valve one and reversal valve two and commutate, and the first cylinder 9 and third cylinder 22 is made to realize the
One powdering brush 25 is vertically lowered, and the second cylinder 10 and the 4th cylinder 24 realize that the second powdering brush 26 rises vertically.
6th step, controller control Y-direction linear electric machine 15 and Powder spreader bracket 18 are driven to realize Y-direction reference axis forward
Movement, the first powdering brush 25 complete powdering.Controller controls laser reflection sweep mechanism and instructs constantly reflection according to scan path
The laser of laser generator sending is simultaneously radiated on bisque, completes one layer of printing of part 4.
7th step repeats second step, third step and the 4th step, and controller controls line-scan digital camera 2 while executing four steps
Image Acquisition is carried out to upper one layer of printing situation of part, the image of acquisition is transmitted to computer disposal.
8th step, computer analyze the current dimensional accuracy of part whether 1.1~1.3 times of dimensional accuracy threshold value it
Between, and whether surface roughness between the 0.7~0.9 of surface roughness threshold value, if so then execute the tenth step, otherwise according to
Lower two conditions execute Different Strategies:
Condition one: when 1.1 times of the current dimensional accuracy of part lower than dimensional accuracy threshold value and being higher than dimensional accuracy threshold value,
And surface roughness be higher than surface roughness threshold value 0.9 and be lower than surface roughness threshold value when, the laser function of laser generator
Rate increases 1.3 times or the scanning speed of laser reflection sweep mechanism slows down 1.3 times, executes the tenth step；
Condition two: when 1.3 times of the current dimensional accuracy of part higher than dimensional accuracy threshold value, and surface roughness is lower than table
Surface roughness threshold value 0.7 when, the laser power of laser generator reduces the scanning speed of 1.1 times or laser reflection sweep mechanism
Accelerate 1.1 times, executes the tenth step；The step is to economize on resources.
Condition three: when other situations, the 9th step is executed；
9th step, the laser power of laser generator increases 1.5 times or the scanning speed of laser reflection sweep mechanism slows down
1.5 times, rejected part is removed, print platform 5 resets, and returns to second step.The step avoids component forming after the completion because of quality
Problem causes unqualified, can reduce manufacturing cost, the production efficiency of powdering formula metal increasing material manufacturing also can be improved.
Tenth step repeats the 5th step and the 6th step.
11st step returns to second step, otherwise completes entire zero if also not executing the tenth step to the last one slicing layer
The increasing material manufacturing of part, and ensure that the dimensional accuracy of part and surface roughness are up to standard.
Claims (6)
1. Powder spreader mechanism, including Powder spreader, it is characterised in that: further include linear light source, line-scan digital camera, Y-direction linear electric machine, Y-direction
Sliding shoe, angular displacement platform and X are to straight line slide unit；The Powder spreader include the first cylinder, the second cylinder, Powder spreader bracket,
Third cylinder, the 4th cylinder, the first powdering brush and the second powdering brush；The pedestal of angular displacement platform is fixed on X to the X of straight line slide unit
To on sliding shoe, X is fixed on displacement platform bracket to the pedestal of straight line slide unit, and displacement platform bracket is fixed on Powder spreader bracket
On；The Y-direction sliding shoe of the Powder spreader bracket and Y-direction linear electric machine is fixed；The pedestal of Y-direction linear electric machine is fixed on platform branch
On frame；First cylinder, the second cylinder, third cylinder and the 4th cylinder cylinder body be each attached on Powder spreader bracket；First cylinder
Fixed with the first powdering brush with the piston rod of third cylinder, the piston rod of the second cylinder and the 4th cylinder with the second powdering brush
It is fixed；First cylinder is moved synchronously with third cylinder, and the second cylinder is moved synchronously with the 4th cylinder；X-direction reference axis and Y-direction
Reference axis is respectively positioned on horizontal plane, and Z-direction reference axis is located on vertical plane；Two blow vents of the first cylinder and third cylinder with
Two gas outlets of reversal valve one are respectively communicated with, and the air inlet of reversal valve one connects air pump；Second cylinder and the 4th cylinder with change
It is respectively communicated with to two gas outlets of valve two, the air inlet of reversal valve two connects air pump；The line-scan digital camera is fixed on camera
On bracket, camera support is fixed on the mounting surface of angular displacement platform；The linear light source is fixed on light source bracket, light source branch
Frame is fixed with Y-direction sliding shoe；The same side of Powder spreader bracket, the emergent light and water of linear light source is arranged in linear light source and line-scan digital camera
The angle of plane is equal to the angle of depression of line-scan digital camera；Y-direction linear electric machine, reversal valve one and the reversal valve two is by controller control
System.
2. Powder spreader mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the angular displacement platform is stood upright the Chinese using Beijing
The angular displacement platform of the model KSMG15-65 of light Instrument Ltd.；The X is stood upright Chinese light instrument to straight line slide unit using Beijing
The horizontal displacement platform of the model KSM25A-65C of device Co., Ltd.
3. using Powder spreader mechanism as claimed in claim 1 or 2 can on-line checking quality metal increasing material manufacturing device, including swash
Optical generator, laser reflection sweep mechanism, powder supplying mechanism, Powder spreader mechanism, platform support, front apron, print platform mechanism, side
Outside plate, print platform lower plate fixed plate and rear outside plate；It is characterized by: powder supplying mechanism is supplied to the print platform of print platform mechanism
Powder, Powder spreader mechanism realize powdering；Laser reflection sweep mechanism constantly regulate its interior two reflecting mirror according to scan path instruction
Angle, realize laser generator transmitting laser sintered metal powder different location, to realize part on print platform
Molding；It plate spacing and is arranged in parallel outside two pieces of sides；The rear portion of two pieces of side outside plates is fixed with rear outside plate, and front can with front apron
Dismantling connection；It is fixed at the top of platform support and rear outside plate and two pieces of side outside plates；Print platform lower plate fixes board ends and two pieces
It is fixed respectively in the middle part of the outside plate of side；
The print platform mechanism includes top frame, under(-)chassis, print platform, primary optic axis, the first support, prints and put down
Platform top plate, the second support, the second optical axis, third support, horizontal support, the 4th support, screw rod, third optical axis, print platform machine
Structure fixed plate, first straight line bearing, feed screw nut, second straight line bearing, third linear bearing, the 4th linear bearing, the 4th light
Axis, shaft coupling, the 5th support, electric machine support, the 6th support, stepper motor, the 7th support and the 8th support；The printing is flat
Platform mechanism fixed plate is fixed in print platform lower plate fixed plate；The feed screw nut is fixed on print platform mechanism fixed plate
Lower section, and screw pair is constituted with screw rod；Horizontal support is fixed on print platform top plate bottom；Screw rod is supported on horizontal support,
And it is connect with the output shaft of stepper motor by shaft coupling；The pedestal of stepper motor is fixed on electric machine support, and electric machine support is solid
Due on under(-)chassis；Print platform top plate is fixed in top frame, and the print platform via hole pair opened up with platform support
Neat setting；Print platform is fixed at the top of print platform top plate；First straight line bearing, second straight line bearing, third linear bearing
With the 4th linear bearing array arrangement, and it is each attached to below print platform mechanism fixed plate；First support, the second support,
Three abutments and the arrangement of the 4th carriage array, and be each attached in top frame；5th support, the 6th support, the 7th support and
The arrangement of eight carriage arrays, and be each attached on under(-)chassis；Print platform mechanism fixed plate and third are passed through in the middle part of primary optic axis
Linear bearing, both ends and the first support and the 7th support respectively constitute revolute pair；Print platform mechanism is passed through in the middle part of second optical axis
Fixed plate and first straight line bearing, both ends and the second support and the 5th support respectively constitute revolute pair；It is passed through in the middle part of third optical axis
Print platform mechanism fixed plate and second straight line bearing, both ends and the 4th support and the 6th support respectively constitute revolute pair；4th
Print platform mechanism fixed plate and the 4th linear bearing are passed through in the middle part of optical axis, both ends are respectively constituted with third support and the 8th support
Revolute pair；
Laser reflection sweep mechanism, powder supplying mechanism and the stepper motor is controlled by controller, the laser of laser generator
Power is controlled by controller.
4. it is according to claim 3 can on-line checking quality metal increasing material manufacturing device, it is characterised in that: the top
Portion's frame is made of first crossbeam, second cross beam, third crossbeam and the 4th crossbeam；Second cross beam both ends respectively with first crossbeam and
Third crossbeam is fixed, and the 4th crossbeam both ends are fixed with first crossbeam and third crossbeam respectively；First crossbeam, second cross beam, third
Crossbeam and the 4th crossbeam surround squarely.
5. it is according to claim 3 can on-line checking quality metal increasing material manufacturing device, it is characterised in that: the bottom
Portion's frame is by the 5th crossbeam, the 6th crossbeam, the 7th crossbeam and the 8th crossbeam；6th crossbeam both ends respectively with the 5th crossbeam and the 7th
Crossbeam is fixed, and the 8th crossbeam both ends are fixed with the 5th crossbeam and the 7th crossbeam respectively；5th crossbeam, the 6th crossbeam, the 7th crossbeam
Squarely is surrounded with the 8th crossbeam.
6. it is according to claim 3 can on-line checking quality metal increasing material manufacturing device manufacturing method, feature exists
In: this method is specific as follows:
The first step opens linear light source, has manually adjusted X to straight line slide unit and angular displacement platform, so that the angle of depression etc. of line-scan digital camera
In the emergent light of linear light source and the angle of horizontal plane, and range of exposures of the emergent light of linear light source on print platform is in linear array
Camera is shot in the visual field；
Second step, powder supplying mechanism control print platform mechanism to print platform powder supply, controller, realize that print platform is vertically lowered
The displacement of one slice thickness；
Third step, controller control reversal valve one and reversal valve two, realize the first cylinder and third cylinder at the first powdering brush
In lifting state, the second cylinder and the 4th cylinder realize that the second powdering brush is in decline state；
4th step, controller control Y-direction linear electric machine and Powder spreader bracket are driven to realize the movement on Y-direction reference axis negative sense, the
Two powdering brushes complete powdering；
5th step, controller controls reversal valve one and reversal valve two commutates, and the first cylinder and third cylinder is made to realize the first powdering
Brush is vertically lowered, and the second cylinder and the 4th cylinder realize that the second powdering brush rises vertically；
6th step, controller control Y-direction linear electric machine and Powder spreader bracket are driven to realize the movement of Y-direction reference axis forward, the
One powdering brush completes powdering；Controller controls laser reflection sweep mechanism and instructs continuous reflection laser generator according to scan path
The laser of sending is simultaneously radiated on bisque, completes one layer of printing of part；
7th step repeats second step, third step and the 4th step, and controller control line-scan digital camera is to part while executing four steps
Upper one layer of printing situation carry out Image Acquisition, the image of acquisition is transmitted to computer disposal；
8th step, computer analyze the current dimensional accuracy of part whether between 1.1~1.3 times of dimensional accuracy threshold value, and
Whether surface roughness is between the 0.7~0.9 of surface roughness threshold value, if so then execute the tenth step, otherwise according to following two
A condition executes Different Strategies:
Condition one: when 1.1 times of the current dimensional accuracy of part lower than dimensional accuracy threshold value and it is higher than dimensional accuracy threshold value, and table
When surface roughness is higher than the 0.9 of surface roughness threshold value and is lower than surface roughness threshold value, the laser power of laser generator increases
The scanning speed of big 1.3 times or laser reflection sweep mechanism slows down 1.3 times, executes the tenth step；
Condition two: when 1.3 times of the current dimensional accuracy of part higher than dimensional accuracy threshold value, and surface roughness is thick lower than surface
Rugosity threshold value 0.7 when, the laser power of laser generator reduces 1.1 times or the scanning speed of laser reflection sweep mechanism is accelerated
1.1 times, execute the tenth step；
Condition three: when other situations, the 9th step is executed；
9th step, the laser power of laser generator increases 1.5 times or the scanning speed of laser reflection sweep mechanism slows down 1.5
Times, rejected part is removed, print platform resets, and returns to second step；
Tenth step repeats the 5th step and the 6th step；
11st step returns to second step, otherwise completes entire part if also not executing the tenth step to the last one slicing layer
Increasing material manufacturing.
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