CN110350524A - A kind of DC power flow optimization method based on pitch point importance - Google Patents
A kind of DC power flow optimization method based on pitch point importance Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of DC power flow optimization method based on pitch point importance.This method are as follows: cascading failure simulation model of the creation based on power network topology and physical characteristic first determines the control centre of Information Network, initialization information net and each parameter of power grid；It is then turned off the power network route not disconnected, estimates overload node；Then using the power of overload node estimated in pitch point importance adjustment of matrix power grid, overload output is subjected to tide optimization；Whether already off excessively primary power network route is finally judged, if so, calculating separately the failed link percentage for using and being not used the optimization method of the DC power flow based on pitch point importance；Otherwise the other one power network route not disconnected is disconnected, overload node is re-started and estimates and tide optimization.Present invention decreases the successive failure scales of electric system, and the power adjustment of overload node can be rapidly completed according to variety classes node within a short period of time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to CPS successive failure model cootrol technology, especially a kind of DC power flows based on pitch point importance
Optimization method.
Background technique
Power grid is one of the important infrastructure for maintaining people's daily life efficiency.It is got in the scale of modern society, power grid
Come bigger, and the development of renewable energy power generation and DC transmission system is so that the stability analysis of power grid becomes increasingly to weigh
It wants.When these critical infrastructures are run under conditions of having pressure, primary fault may trigger the cascade event of other assemblies
Barrier, as a result has occurred massive blackout, causes huge economic loss and serious social concern, so reducing cascading failure
Negative effect be problem in the urgent need to address.
Since automatic network scientific research obtains remarkable break-throughs, the topology and dynamic characteristic of network system are to disclose live network
Principle provide beneficial enlightenment.By the way that power grid is abstracted into figure, researcher establishes various models and cascaded to simulate
Journey.With going deep into for research, the network that network model is evolved into power grid from single electric network model and Information Network binary merges leads to
Information Network is crossed to control and reduce the cascading failure scale in electric power networks, receives more and more extensive concern.
Existing CPS successive failure Cascade fault control method, researcher from improve network robustness direction
Start with, on the one hand, some researchs concentrate in the topological property of whole network structure.On the other hand, the arrangement conduct of generator
One of critical issue in Electric Power Network Planning also has received widespread attention.But in practical applications, change network topology to need to consume
Take huge manpower, material resources and financial resources, and the position of generator is even more to receive the limitation of natural environment.
Document 1 (Haicheng Tu, Yongxiang Xia, Herbert Ho-Ching Iu, and Xi Chen,
“Optimal Robustness in Power Grids From a Network Science Perspective”IEEE
Transactions on Circuits and Systems II:Express Briefs, 2017) it in method disclosed in, utilizes
Simulated annealing to improve network robustness, and then reduces the scale of cascading failure by changing network topology.It is not
Foot place has two o'clock: the first, in practical application, a large amount of behavior operability for changing network topology are not strong；The second, it is moved back using simulation
Fiery algorithm, calculation amount is huge, and the response time is too long.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind can control and reduce the cascading failure scale in electric power networks based on
The DC power flow optimization method of pitch point importance, and overload section can be rapidly completed according to variety classes node within a short period of time
The power adjustment of point.
The technical solution for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows: a kind of DC power flow optimization method based on pitch point importance,
The following steps are included:
Step 1, cascading failure simulation model of the creation based on power network topology and physical characteristic, determine in the scheduling of Information Network
The heart, initialization information net and each parameter of power grid；
Step 2, on the basis of initial power grid, disconnect a power network route not disconnected, simulate power failure；
Step 3, electric power topological and network data according to Information Network calculate power network DC power flow, judge whether there is super
It carries node: if so, being transferred to step 4, being otherwise transferred to step 5；
Step 4, using the power of overload node estimated in pitch point importance adjustment of matrix power grid, by overload output according to section
The corresponding percentage of similar node carries out tide optimization in point different degree matrix；
Step 5 calculates power network DC power flow, and it is out-of-limit to judge whether there is Line Flow: if so, it is transferred to step 3, otherwise,
It is transferred to step 6；
Step 6 judges whether power network route is already off excessively primary: being based on if so, calculating to use and be not used
The failed link percentage of the DC power flow optimization method of pitch point importance, emulation terminate；Otherwise it is transferred to step 2.
Further, cascading failure simulation model of the creation described in step 1 based on power network topology and physical characteristic determines
The control centre of Information Network, initialization information net and each parameter of power grid, specific as follows:
Step 1.1, in the case where given power grid, using power station and transmission line of electricity as node and side, use nothing
The topology of power grid is indicated to figure G (V, E), wherein V is node collection, and E is link set, and the sum of node and link is respectively N and L；
Step 1.2 uses fijIndicate any two node i, the trend value between j, according to given electric network composition, parameter,
Generator and load determine the parameter of electric system each section steady-state operating condition, voltage value, phase angle including each node of power grid
It is distributed with the power of each link, calculates trend matrix F={ fijCome indicate each branch power distribution；
Set ViAnd VjThe respectively voltage value of node i and j, θijFor the phase difference of voltage of node i and j, rijFor node i and
Resistance between j；Each node voltage of the electric system of normal operation is approximately considered V usually near voltage ratingi=Vj=1；
Route both end voltage phase difference very little, therefore, θij≈0；In super-pressure network, line resistance is much smaller than impedance, so ignoring line
Road resistance, i.e. rij=0, obtain the active power and reactive power between node i and j are as follows:
Active power f between node i and jijAs corresponding trend value, qijFor reactive power, θiFor the voltage of node i
Phase angle；bij=-1/xij, xijFor branch reactance；Node i is obtained with Kirchhoff's law:
Matrix form is write as to n meshed network are as follows:
F=H θ (3)
Wherein, F is node active power matrix, i.e. the trend matrix of network, and H is n × n matrix, diagonal element and non-
Diagonal element is respectively as follows:
The voltage phase angle of each node is obtained using formula (3), then the trend value of each branch can be calculated by formula (1)；Often
The capacity of a node is 1.2 times of its initial load, and the capacity of every transmission lines is 1.2 times of its initial load；
Information Network is defined as network that is identical as power network topology and being connected one by one with grid nodes by step 1.3, will be dispatched
Central node is arranged in information network at the maximum node of angle value；
Cascade is by a component, i.e. the primary fault of node or link triggers, after element of debugging, electricity
Web frame changes, and leads to the load redistribution of all elements, calculates the more modish of each node and link according to formula (1)
Stream writes off, and it is deleted from network if the more new trend of component is more than its capacity；This process repeats,
Until not more heavily loaded components, network reaches stable state.
It further, will using the power of overload node estimated in pitch point importance adjustment of matrix power grid described in step 4
Overload output carries out tide optimization according to the corresponding percentage of node similar in pitch point importance matrix, specific as follows:
Shown in step 4.1, definition node different degree contribution matrix such as formula (5):
In formula, n is the number of nodes in network；<k>is the average angle value of network；If node viAngle value be Di, then node vi
By itself different degree Di/ < k >2Contribute to its each neighbor node；δyFor the adjacency matrix corresponding element of network, work as viAnd vj
δ when being directly connected toyValue is 1, is otherwise 0；Numerical value 1 on diagonal line, different degree contribution proportion value of the expression node to itself；
The adjacency matrix of pitch point importance contribution matrix and network possesses similar matrix structure, each in network for reflecting
Contribution relationship of the node to different degree, HIC(ij) different degree contribution proportion of the characterization node j to node i；HICAs adjacency matrix
Mapping, shown in mapping ruler such as formula (6):
The node efficiency I of node ppDefinition is as shown in formula (7):
In formula, n is the number of nodes in network, dpiFor the distance between node p and node i；Node efficiency IpIndicate node
Reach the complexity of other nodes；
Step 4.2, definition node different degree matrix HRAs shown in formula (8):
In formula, HRijIndicate different degree contribution margin of the node j to node i, node efficiency IpCharacterize node location information, section
Point different degree contributes matrix HICCharacterize the contribution degree of adjacent node；
It is power generation node that trend value, which is the node of positive value, in step 4.3, network, and trend value is that the node of negative value is consumption section
Point, the node that trend value is 0 is relay node；If the overload node that the control centre of Information Network estimates is power generation node i, adjust
Degree center is by pitch point importance matrix HRIn diagonal entry and the i-th row be not generate electricity node column be set as 0, by part of overloading
Power is according to column element percentage H each in the i-th row in pitch point importance matrixRij/∑HRiCarry out tide optimization；Non- similar node
Do not distribute overload output.
Further, judge whether power network route is already off excessively primary described in step 6: if so, calculating makes
With the failed link percentage with the unused DC power flow optimization method based on pitch point importance, emulation terminates；Otherwise it is transferred to
Step 2, specifically:
One power network route of every disconnection calculates separately the DC power flow optimization for using and being not used based on pitch point importance
The failed link percentage of method, to determine the DC power flow optimization method based on pitch point importance to reduction power grid cascading failure
Contribution；Failed link percentage=stale link number/power network total link number.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage are as follows: (1) using with topological structure of electric it is identical and with power grid section
The Information Network that point is connected one by one, and Information Network control centre node is arranged in information network at the maximum node of angle value, lead to
The optimization that addition control centre carries out practical trend is crossed, can reach the effect of controlled stage connection failure without changing network topology i.e.,
Control and reduce the scale of electric network consecutive failure；(2) pitch point importance matrix is used, by the power for part of overloading according to node
Element percentage is allocated in different degree matrix, overload section can be rapidly completed according to variety classes node within a short period of time
The power adjustment of point, and then control the scale of cascading failure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic network structure of information physical system CPS model.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is based on the flow diagrams of the DC power flow optimization method of pitch point importance.
Fig. 3 is tide optimization comparative result figure in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the present invention is based on the DC power flow optimization methods of pitch point importance, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, cascading failure simulation model of the creation based on power network topology and physical characteristic, determine in the scheduling of Information Network
The heart, initialization information net and each parameter of power grid；It is specific as follows:
Step 1.1, in the case where given power grid, using power station and transmission line of electricity as node and side, use nothing
The topology of power grid is indicated to figure G (V, E), wherein V is node collection, and E is link set, and the sum of node and link is respectively N and L；
Step 1.2 uses fijIndicate any two node i, the trend value between j, according to given electric network composition, parameter,
Generator and load determine the parameter of electric system each section steady-state operating condition, voltage value, phase angle including each node of power grid
It is distributed with the power of each link, calculates trend matrix F={ fijCome indicate each branch power distribution；
Set ViAnd VjThe respectively voltage value of node i and j, θijFor the phase difference of voltage of node i and j, rijFor node i and
Resistance between j；Each node voltage of the electric system of normal operation is approximately considered V usually near voltage ratingi=Vj=1；
Route both end voltage phase difference very little, therefore, θij≈0；In super-pressure network, line resistance is much smaller than impedance, so ignoring line
Road resistance, i.e. rij=0, obtain the active power and reactive power between node i and j are as follows:
Active power f between node i and jijAs corresponding trend value, qijFor reactive power, θiFor the voltage of node i
Phase angle；bij=-1/xij, xijFor branch reactance；Node i is obtained with Kirchhoff's law:
Matrix form is write as to n meshed network are as follows:
F=H θ (3)
Wherein, F is node active power matrix, i.e. the trend matrix of network, and H is n × n matrix, diagonal element and non-
Diagonal element is respectively as follows:
The voltage phase angle of each node is obtained using formula (3), then the trend value of each branch can be calculated by formula (1)；Often
The capacity of a node is 1.2 times of its initial load, and the capacity of every transmission lines is 1.2 times of its initial load；
Information Network is defined as network that is identical as power network topology and being connected one by one with grid nodes by step 1.3, will be dispatched
Central node is arranged in information network at the maximum node of angle value；
The cascading failure simulation model based on power network topology and physical characteristic, wherein cascade is by a group
The primary fault triggering of part, i.e. node or link, it debugs after element, electric network composition changes, and leads to all elements
Load redistribution, the more new trend of each node and link is calculated according to formula (1), if the more new trend of component is more than that it holds
Amount, then write off, and it is deleted from network；This process repeats, and until not more heavily loaded components, network reaches
To stable state.
Step 2, on the basis of initial power grid, disconnect a power network route not disconnected, simulate power failure；
Step 3, electric power topological and network data according to Information Network calculate power network DC power flow, judge whether there is super
It carries node: if so, being transferred to step 4, being otherwise transferred to step 5, specific as follows:
A power network route not disconnected is disconnected, obtains the voltage phase angle of each node with formula (3), then pass through formula (1)
The trend value and the current trend value of node that each branch can be calculated obtain the section that present node trend value is greater than its node capacity
Point.
Step 4, using the power of overload node estimated in pitch point importance adjustment of matrix power grid, by overload output according to section
The corresponding percentage of similar node carries out tide optimization in point different degree matrix, specific as follows:
Shown in step 4.1, definition node different degree contribution matrix such as formula (5):
In formula, n is the number of nodes in network；<k>is the average angle value of network；If node viAngle value be Di, then node vi
By itself different degree Di/ < k >2Contribute to its each neighbor node；δyFor the adjacency matrix corresponding element of network, work as viAnd vj
δ when being directly connected toyValue is 1, is otherwise 0；Numerical value 1 on diagonal line, different degree contribution proportion value of the expression node to itself；
The adjacency matrix of pitch point importance contribution matrix and network possesses similar matrix structure, each in network for reflecting
Contribution relationship of the node to different degree, HIC(ij) different degree contribution proportion of the characterization node j to node i；HICAs adjacency matrix
Mapping, shown in mapping ruler such as formula (6):
The node efficiency Ip of node p is defined as shown in formula (7):
In formula, n is the number of nodes in network, dpiFor the distance between node p and node i；Node efficiency IpIndicate node
Reach the complexity of other nodes；
Step 4.2, definition node different degree matrix HRAs shown in formula (8):
In formula, HRijIndicate different degree contribution margin of the node j to node i, node efficiency IpCharacterize node location information, section
Point different degree contributes matrix HICCharacterize the contribution degree of adjacent node；
It is power generation node that trend value, which is the node of positive value, in step 4.3, network, and trend value is that the node of negative value is consumption section
Point, the node that trend value is 0 is relay node；If the overload node that the control centre of Information Network estimates is power generation node i, adjust
Degree center is by pitch point importance matrix HRIn diagonal entry and the i-th row be not generate electricity node column be set as 0, by part of overloading
Power is according to column element percentage H each in the i-th row in pitch point importance matrixRij/∑HRiCarry out tide optimization；Non- similar node
Do not distribute overload output.
Step 5 calculates power network DC power flow, and it is out-of-limit to judge whether there is Line Flow: if so, it is transferred to step 3, otherwise,
It is transferred to step 6；
Step 6 judges whether power network route is already off excessively primary: being based on if so, calculating to use and be not used
The failed link percentage of the DC power flow optimization method of pitch point importance, emulation terminate；Otherwise it is transferred to step 2, specifically:
One power network route of every disconnection calculates separately the DC power flow optimization for using and being not used based on pitch point importance
The failed link percentage of method, to determine the DC power flow optimization method based on pitch point importance to reduction power grid cascading failure
Contribution；Failed link percentage=stale link number/power network total link number.
Embodiment 1
This example is imitated using electric power networks IEEE14 meshed network, IEEE30 meshed network, IEEE39 meshed network
True experiment, introduces and the Information Network that with grid nodes is one by one connected identical as topological structure of electric, and by Information Network control centre
Node is arranged in information network at the maximum node of angle value.
It can be seen that the present invention is based on the DC power flow of pitch point importance is excellent in conjunction with the tide optimization comparative result figure of Fig. 3
Change method has achieved the purpose that the scale that electric network consecutive failure is controlled and reduced using Information Network, and important using node
Matrix is spent, the power for part of overloading is allocated according to element percentage in pitch point importance matrix, it can be in the short period
The interior power adjustment that overload node is rapidly completed according to variety classes node.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of DC power flow optimization method based on pitch point importance, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, cascading failure simulation model of the creation based on power network topology and physical characteristic, determine the control centre of Information Network,
Initialization information net and each parameter of power grid；
Step 2, on the basis of initial power grid, disconnect a power network route not disconnected, simulate power failure；
Step 3, electric power topological and network data according to Information Network calculate power network DC power flow, judge whether there is overload section
Point: if so, being transferred to step 4, otherwise it is transferred to step 5；
Step 4, using the power of overload node estimated in pitch point importance adjustment of matrix power grid, by overload output according to node weight
It spends the corresponding percentage of similar node in matrix and carries out tide optimization；
Step 5 calculates power network DC power flow, and it is out-of-limit to judge whether there is Line Flow: if so, being transferred to step 3, otherwise, being transferred to
Step 6；
Step 6 judges whether power network route is already off excessively primary: using and is not used based on node if so, calculating
The failed link percentage of the DC power flow optimization method of different degree, emulation terminate；Otherwise it is transferred to step 2.
2. the DC power flow optimization method according to claim 1 based on pitch point importance, which is characterized in that step 1 institute
Cascading failure simulation model of the creation stated based on power network topology and physical characteristic, determines the control centre of Information Network, initialization
Information Network and each parameter of power grid, specific as follows:
Step 1.1, in the case where given power grid, using power station and transmission line of electricity as node and side, use non-directed graph G
(V, E) indicates the topology of power grid, and wherein V is node collection, and E is link set, and the sum of node and link is respectively N and L；
Step 1.2 uses fijThe trend value between any two node i, j is indicated, according to given electric network composition, parameter, power generation
Machine and load determine the parameter of electric system each section steady-state operating condition, voltage value, phase angle including each node of power grid and each
The power of link is distributed, and calculates trend matrix F={ fijCome indicate each branch power distribution；
Set ViAnd VjThe respectively voltage value of node i and j, θijFor the phase difference of voltage of node i and j, rijFor node i and j it
Between resistance；Each node voltage of the electric system of normal operation is approximately considered V usually near voltage ratingi=Vj=1；Route
Both end voltage phase difference very little, therefore, θij≈0；In super-pressure network, line resistance is much smaller than impedance, so ignoring line electricity
Resistance, i.e. rij=0, obtain the active power and reactive power between node i and j are as follows:
Active power f between node i and jijAs corresponding trend value, qijFor reactive power, θiFor the voltage phase of node i
Angle；bij=-1/xij, xijFor branch reactance；Node i is obtained with Kirchhoff's law:
Matrix form is write as to n meshed network are as follows:
F=H θ (3)
Wherein, F is node active power matrix, i.e. the trend matrix of network, and H is n × n matrix, diagonal element and non-diagonal
Element is respectively as follows:
The voltage phase angle of each node is obtained using formula (3), then the trend value of each branch can be calculated by formula (1)；Each section
The capacity of point is 1.2 times of its initial load, and the capacity of every transmission lines is 1.2 times of its initial load；
Information Network is defined as network that is identical as power network topology and being connected one by one with grid nodes by step 1.3, by control centre
Node is arranged in information network at the maximum node of angle value；
The cascading failure simulation model based on power network topology and physical characteristic, wherein it is cascade be by a component,
I.e. the primary fault of node or link triggers, and debugs after element, and electric network composition changes, and leads to the negative of all elements
Loading distribution, the more new trend of each node and link is calculated according to formula (1), if the more new trend of component is more than its capacity,
It then writes off, and it is deleted from network；This process repeats, and until not more heavily loaded components, network reaches
Stable state.
3. the DC power flow optimization method according to claim 1 based on pitch point importance, which is characterized in that step 4 institute
The power using overload node estimated in pitch point importance adjustment of matrix power grid stated, by overload output according to pitch point importance square
The corresponding percentage of similar node carries out tide optimization in battle array, specific as follows:
Shown in step 4.1, definition node different degree contribution matrix such as formula (5):
In formula, n is the number of nodes in network；<k>is the average angle value of network；If node viAngle value be Di, then node viIt will be certainly
Body different degree Di/ < k >2Contribute to its each neighbor node；δyFor the adjacency matrix corresponding element of network, work as viAnd vjDirectly
δ when connectionyValue is 1, is otherwise 0；Numerical value 1 on diagonal line, different degree contribution proportion value of the expression node to itself；
The adjacency matrix of pitch point importance contribution matrix and network possesses similar matrix structure, for reflecting each node in network
To the contribution relationship of different degree, HIC(ij) different degree contribution proportion of the characterization node j to node i；HICAs reflecting for adjacency matrix
It penetrates, shown in mapping ruler such as formula (6):
The node efficiency I of node ppDefinition is as shown in formula (7):
In formula, n is the number of nodes in network, dpiFor the distance between node p and node i；Node efficiency IpIndicate that node reaches
The complexity of other nodes；
Step 4.2, definition node different degree matrix HRAs shown in formula (8):
In formula, HRijIndicate different degree contribution margin of the node j to node i, node efficiency IpNode location information is characterized, node is important
Degree contribution matrix HICCharacterize the contribution degree of adjacent node；
It is power generation node that trend value, which is the node of positive value, in step 4.3, network, and trend value is that the node of negative value is consumption node,
The node that trend value is 0 is relay node；If the overload node that the control centre of Information Network estimates is power generation node i, dispatch
Center is by pitch point importance matrix HRIn diagonal entry and the i-th row be not generate electricity node column be set as 0, by the function for part of overloading
Rate is according to column element percentage H each in the i-th row in pitch point importance matrixRij/∑HRiCarry out tide optimization；Non- similar node is not
Distribute overload output.
4. the DC power flow optimization method according to claim 1 based on pitch point importance, which is characterized in that step 6 institute
That states judges whether power network route is already off excessively primary: using and is not used based on pitch point importance if so, calculating
DC power flow optimization method failed link percentage, emulation terminates；Otherwise it is transferred to step 2, specifically:
One power network route of every disconnection, calculates separately the DC power flow optimization method for using and being not used based on pitch point importance
Failed link percentage, with determine the DC power flow optimization method based on pitch point importance to reduce power grid cascading failure tribute
It offers；Failed link percentage=stale link number/power network total link number.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113507389A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-15 | 华北电力大学 | Power grid key node identification method and system |
| CN114866325A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-05 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Prediction method for network attack of power system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113507389A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-15 | 华北电力大学 | Power grid key node identification method and system |
| CN114866325A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-05 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Prediction method for network attack of power system |
| CN114866325B (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-09-12 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Prediction method for network attack of power system |
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