CN110350191A - Sodium/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material preparation method - Google Patents
Sodium/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110350191A CN110350191A CN201910628119.6A CN201910628119A CN110350191A CN 110350191 A CN110350191 A CN 110350191A CN 201910628119 A CN201910628119 A CN 201910628119A CN 110350191 A CN110350191 A CN 110350191A
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- ion battery
- lithium ion
- sodium
- cathode material
- phosphate cathode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sodium/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material preparation methods, comprising the following steps: (1) is thoroughly mixed phytic acid in a solvent with carbon material, Phosphateadsorption is made to form phosphate group on the carbon material;(2) metal salt containing metal ion is added into the system that step (1) obtains and is sufficiently mixed, make metal ion Electrostatic Absorption on the phosphate group, metal ion is crystallized according to the distribution of phosphate group arranged on the carbon material, forms the material with pore structure.The present invention forms phosphate group using phytic acid uniform adsorption on the carbon material, then metal ion is crystallized according to the distribution of phosphate group arranged on the carbon material, so as to form the specified pore structure for mass transfer of uniform, controllable, as sodium/anode material for lithium-ion batteries, rapid mass transfer can be achieved, reinforce electronics transfer, to have high capacity, high magnification and excellent cyclical stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sodium/technical field of lithium ion, and in particular to a kind of system of sodium/anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Preparation Method.
Background technique
As various portable electronic products become increasingly popular, lithium ion battery is as a kind of power-supply device day easy to carry
Benefit attracts attention.And the physicochemical property of sodium and lithium is approximate, battery charging and discharging principle is also similar, thus the research of sodium-ion battery
It is paid more and more attention.In terms of practical application, the energy density of sodium-ion battery is usually less than lithium ion battery, therefore the two is suitable
Close different fields.But research and develop the key that advanced positive and negative electrode material realizes practical application as sodium, lithium ion battery
One.
Iron lithium phosphate (LiFePO4) as anode material for lithium-ion batteries of new generation, it is considered to be lithium ion battery is ideal
Positive electrode.With LiFePO4It compares, FePO4, raw material sources simple with more synthesis technology extensively, the more low advantage of cost,
However still need to overcome its low electron conduction at present, this directly affects the specific capacity of lithium ion battery.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sodium/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material preparation method, the phosphate
Positive electrode can significantly improve sodium/lithium ion battery specific capacity and cyclical stability.
In order to achieve the goal above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention:
The invention discloses a kind of sodium/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material preparation methods, comprising the following steps:
(1) phytic acid is thoroughly mixed in a solvent with carbon material, Phosphateadsorption is made to form phosphoric acid on the carbon material
Group;
(2) metal salt containing metal ion is added into the system that step (1) obtains and is sufficiently mixed, makes metal ion
On the phosphate group, metal ion crystallizes Electrostatic Absorption according to the distribution of phosphate group arranged on the carbon material,
Form the material with pore structure, as described sodium/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material.
As a preferred technical solution, in the step (1), carbon material includes but is not limited to carbon nanotube.
As a preferred technical solution, in the step (1), solvent includes but is not limited to water, dehydrated alcohol, N- methyl pyrrole
The mixing of one or more of pyrrolidone and dimethylformamide.
As a preferred technical solution, in the step (2), metal ion includes but is not limited to Fe3+、Mn2+、Ni2+With
Co2+One or more of mixing.
As a preferred technical solution, in the step (2), the metal salt containing metal ion includes but is not limited to Fe3+、
Mn2+、Ni2+And Co2+One or more of nitrate, sulfate and chlorate mixing.
As a preferred technical solution, in the step (2), into the system that step (1) obtains be added containing metal from
The metal salt of son is simultaneously sufficiently mixed, and is regulated and controled the degree of supersaturation of metal salt and the temperature of solution, is made metal ion Electrostatic Absorption in institute
It states on phosphate group, metal ion is crystallized according to the distribution of phosphate group arranged on the carbon material, and being formed has hole knot
The material of structure, as described sodium/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material.
As a preferred technical solution, in the step (2), the mass ratio of carbon material, phytic acid and metal salt be 1:1~
10:10~30.
As a preferred technical solution, in the step (2), the temperature for regulating and controlling solution is -20~40 DEG C.
The product that step (2) is obtained as a preferred technical solution, filters, and obtained solid material is dried.
The solid material after drying is placed under 25~1000 DEG C of environment as a preferred technical solution, and is carried out at annealing
Reason.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention forms phosphate group using phytic acid uniform adsorption on the carbon material, and then metal ion is according to phosphate group
Arrangement distribution crystallization on the carbon material, so as to form the specified pore structure for mass transfer of uniform, controllable, as
Sodium/anode material for lithium-ion batteries can realize rapid mass transfer, reinforce electronics transfer, to have high capacity, high magnification and excellent
Cyclical stability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is FePO made from embodiment 14The SEM photograph of (slurry);
Fig. 2 is FePO made from embodiment 14The SEM photograph of (powder);
Fig. 3 is FePO made from embodiment 14Property of the sodium-ion battery under 0.5C charge-discharge magnification as positive electrode
It can figure;
Fig. 4 is FePO made from embodiment 14Property of the lithium ion battery under 0.5C charge-discharge magnification as positive electrode
It can figure;
Fig. 5 is Mn made from embodiment 23(PO4)2The SEM photograph of (slurry);
Fig. 6 is Mn made from embodiment 23(PO4)2Lithium ion battery as positive electrode is under 1 C charge-discharge magnification
Performance map.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is made into one with reference to the accompanying drawing
Step illustrates.
Embodiment 1
(1) phytic acid is thoroughly mixed in water with carbon nanotube, Phosphateadsorption is made to form phosphorus on the carbon nanotubes
Acid groups;
(2) Fe (NO is added into the system that step (1) obtains3)3And it is sufficiently mixed, control carbon nanotube, phytic acid and Fe
(NO3)3Mass ratio be 1:5:25, the temperature of solution is 0~5 DEG C, makes Fe3+Electrostatic Absorption is on the phosphate group, Fe3+It presses
According to the distribution crystallization of phosphate group arranged on the carbon nanotubes;The SEM photograph of slurry obtained is as shown in Figure 1, from figure
In visible uniform, controllable the pore structure that can be used for mass transfer;
(3) product for obtaining step (2) filters, and obtained solid material is dried, and is subsequently placed under 200 DEG C of environment
It is made annealing treatment;The SEM photograph of powder obtained is as shown in Fig. 2, the hole that can be used for mass transfer of uniform, controllable as seen from the figure
Structure.
Fig. 3 is FePO made from embodiment 14Property of the sodium-ion battery under 0.5C charge-discharge magnification as positive electrode
It can scheme, it can be seen that recycling even across 300 times, battery still keeps higher specific capacity, shows fabulous stability.
Fig. 4 is FePO made from embodiment 14Property of the lithium ion battery under 0.5C charge-discharge magnification as positive electrode
It can scheme, it can be seen that recycling even across 120 times, battery still keeps higher specific capacity, shows fabulous stability.
Embodiment 2
(1) phytic acid and carbon nanotube are thoroughly mixed in N-Methyl pyrrolidone, Phosphateadsorption is made to receive in carbon
Phosphate group is formed on mitron;
(2) MnSO is added into the system that step (1) obtains4And it is sufficiently mixed, control carbon nanotube, phytic acid and MnSO4's
Mass ratio is 1:8:20, and the temperature of solution is 20~25 DEG C, makes Mn2+Electrostatic Absorption is on the phosphate group, Mn2+According to phosphorus
The distribution crystallization of the arrangement of acid groups on the carbon nanotubes;The SEM photograph of slurry obtained is as shown in figure 5, can from figure
See the pore structure that can be used for mass transfer of uniform, controllable.
Fig. 6 is Mn made from embodiment 23(PO4)2Lithium ion battery as positive electrode is under 1 C charge-discharge magnification
Performance map, it can be seen that recycling even across 100 times, battery still keeps higher specific capacity, shows fabulous stabilization
Property.
Referring to the method for embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, using containing Fe3+、Mn2+、Ni2+、Co2+One or more of mixing
Metal salt, can equally reach the purpose of the present invention.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sodium/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(1) phytic acid is thoroughly mixed in a solvent with carbon material, Phosphateadsorption is made to form phosphate group on the carbon material;
(2) metal salt containing metal ion is added into the system that step (1) obtains and is sufficiently mixed, makes metal ion electrostatic
It is adsorbed on the phosphate group, metal ion is crystallized according to the distribution of phosphate group arranged on the carbon material, is formed
Material with pore structure, as described sodium/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material.
2. sodium according to claim 1/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in step (1), carbon material includes but is not limited to carbon nanotube.
3. sodium according to claim 1/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in step (1), solvent includes but is not limited to one of water, dehydrated alcohol, N-Methyl pyrrolidone and dimethylformamide
Or several mixing.
4. sodium according to claim 1/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in step (2), metal ion includes but is not limited to Fe3+、Mn2+、Ni2+And Co2+One or more of mixing.
5. sodium according to claim 4/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in step (2), the metal salt containing metal ion includes but is not limited to Fe3+、Mn2+、Ni2+And Co2+Nitrate, sulfate
And the mixing of one or more of chlorate.
6. according to claim 1 to sodium described in 5 any one/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material preparation method,
It is characterized in that: in the step (2), the metal salt containing metal ion being added into the system that step (1) obtains and sufficiently mixes
Close, regulate and control the degree of supersaturation of metal salt and the temperature of solution, make metal ion Electrostatic Absorption on the phosphate group, metal from
Son is crystallized according to the distribution of phosphate group arranged on the carbon material, material of the formation with pore structure, and the as described sodium/
Lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material.
7. sodium according to claim 6/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in step (2), the mass ratio of carbon material, phytic acid and metal salt is 1:1~10:10~30.
8. sodium according to claim 6/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in step (2), the temperature for regulating and controlling solution is -20~40 DEG C.
9. sodium according to claim 1/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: will
The product filtering that step (2) obtains, obtained solid material are dried.
10. sodium according to claim 9/lithium ion battery phosphate cathode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: will
Solid material after drying is placed under 25~1000 DEG C of environment and is made annealing treatment.
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CN113321198A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-31 | 西南大学 | Binary metal phosphate anode material and preparation method and application thereof |
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