CN110349261A - The method for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS - Google Patents
The method for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of methods for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, it include: to obtain to be processed factor data object set, extract to be processed factor data object set characteristic, its thermodynamic chart position coordinates is obtained according to characteristic, two-dimentional heating power grayscale image Aspect Ratio is obtained according to position coordinates maximum value and minimum value, two-dimentional heating power grayscale image image parameters are obtained according to Aspect Ratio;The attribute value threshold value for determining the thermodynamic analysis of point element, generates two-dimentional heating power grayscale image, generates two-dimentional thermodynamic chart;Three-dimensional thermodynamic chart piece is generated, the visual field of to be processed factor data object set is bound, dynamic 3 D thermodynamic chart is generated according to the visual field.The method provided by the invention for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, adds dynamic threshold control ability, display effect problem of poor caused by solution gap data is big.Solve the problem of existing three-dimensional thermodynamic chart to realize simply adaptive indication range and cannot be distributed according to visual field adjust automatically heating power.
Description
Technical field
This application involves a factor data object set manufacture technology fields, more particularly to a kind of GIS that is based on to generate three-dimensional
The method of thermodynamic chart.
Background technique
With flourishing for big data, data visualization technique is also fast-developing therewith.Due to being bundled in big data
A large amount of geospatial informations, and thermodynamic chart shows the characteristic of data in special highlighted form, as a kind of intuitive visualization
Method, the superperformance with comprehensive display data space feature and attributive character, can help the researcher of every field to obtain
Geo-spatial knowledge is taken, therefore well received.And user is also more and more to the displaying demand of spatial information.
Traditional thermodynamic chart is all two-dimentional thermodynamic chart, and two-dimentional thermodynamic chart is only to distinguish difference using different Fill Colors
Heating power density, and be only capable of between different heating power density by different colours represent different heating power density come fuzzy displaying
It is had differences between heating power density, and the color contrast between different location is unobvious, keeps the bandwagon effect of thermodynamic chart not straight enough
It sees, contrast effect is beaten greatly, detained.Existing thermodynamic chart implementation is relatively easy, primarily directed in the solution party of two-dimensional map
Case, without a whole set of perfect three-dimension GIS implementation method.
Summary of the invention
This application discloses a kind of methods for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, comprising:
To be processed factor data object set is obtained, the to be processed factor data object set includes that multiple points are wanted
Element;
The characteristic for extracting the to be processed factor data object set, according to the characteristic obtain it is described to
The position coordinates of the thermodynamic chart of process points factor data object set are sat according to the maximum value of the position coordinates and the position
Target minimum value obtains the Aspect Ratio of two-dimentional heating power grayscale image, obtains the two-dimentional heating power grayscale image according to the Aspect Ratio
Image parameters;Wherein, the characteristic includes the latitude coordinates of described element and the thermodynamic analysis of described element
Attribute value;
Determine the attribute value threshold value of the thermodynamic analysis of described element: when described element thermodynamic analysis attribute value most
When the attribute value average value for the thermodynamic analysis that big value is greater than described element, the threshold range is 0~1;
Two-dimentional heating power grayscale image is generated, a blank picture is generated according to the image parameters, wants vegetarian refreshments institute according to described
Color in position generates two-dimentional heating power grayscale image: wanting vegetarian refreshments to create a buffer area according to described, the buffer area filling is gradually
Into gray scale band, gray value is gradually reduced from inside to outside;
Two-dimentional thermodynamic chart is generated, according to the superimposed gray value mapped color, to the two-dimentional heating power grayscale image weight
New coloring generates two-dimentional thermodynamic chart;
Three-dimensional thermodynamic chart piece is generated, presets a 3-D graphic, the 3-D graphic includes that three-dimensional map or three-dimensional are built
Model is built, the two-dimentional thermodynamic chart is fitted in the 3-D graphic, three-dimensional thermodynamic chart piece is generated;
Dynamic 3 D thermodynamic chart is obtained, the visual field of the to be processed factor data object set is bound, according to the view
It is wild at dynamic 3 D thermodynamic chart.
Preferably, the image parameters include the length and width of the two-dimentional heating power grayscale image.
Preferably, the position of the thermodynamic chart of the to be processed factor data object set is obtained according to the characteristic
Coordinate, further for the position coordinates include multiple described element coordinate, and described element coordinate x, y is according to lower section
Method obtains:
Wherein, x is described element abscissa, and y is described element ordinate, xminIt is that the point to be processed wants prime number
According to the minimum value of described element abscissas multiple in object set, xmaxIt is in the to be processed factor data object set
The maximum value of multiple described element abscissas, yminIt is that multiple points are wanted in the to be processed factor data object set
The minimum value of plain ordinate, ymaxIt is that multiple described element ordinates are most in the to be processed factor data object set
Big value, w is the width of the to be processed factor data object set, and h is the to be processed factor data object set
Length.
Preferably, the length h of the to be processed factor data object set is obtained according to following methods:
H=a × w,
Wherein, a is the length-width ratio of the to be processed factor data object set, the width of the two dimension heating power grayscale image
W is the resolution ratio of the display of the display two-dimentional heating power grayscale image.
Preferably, the heating power data maximum value of described element is obtained according to following methods:
pmax=α × p1max,
Wherein, pmaxIt is the heating power data maximum value of described element, α is threshold value, p1maxIt is the heating power minute of described element
The attribute value maximum value of analysis.
Preferably, the gray value is obtained according to following methods:
Q=p/pmax× 255,
Wherein, Q is gray value, and p is the attribute value of the thermodynamic analysis of described element, pmaxIt is the heating power of described element
Data maximums.
Preferably, described element includes the point element in the either global visual field of point element in present viewing field.
Compared with prior art, the method provided by the invention for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS reaches following beneficial to effect
Fruit:
1, the method provided by the invention for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, adds dynamic threshold control ability, solves number
According to gap it is big caused by display effect problem of poor.
2, the method provided by the invention for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, the existing three-dimensional thermodynamic chart realization of solution is simple,
It cannot adaptive indication range and the problem of be distributed according to visual field adjust automatically heating power.
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, constitutes part of this application, this Shen
Illustrative embodiments and their description please are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart that the method for three-dimensional thermodynamic chart is generated the present invention is based on GIS;
Fig. 2 is another flow chart that the method for three-dimensional thermodynamic chart is generated the present invention is based on GIS.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description.It should be noted that described embodiment only actually is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole realities
Example is applied, and is actually merely illustrative, never as to the present invention and its application or any restrictions used.The guarantor of the application
Protect range as defined by the appended claims.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart that the method for three-dimensional thermodynamic chart is generated the present invention is based on GIS;This method packet
It includes:
Step 101 obtains to be processed factor data object set, and to be processed factor data object set includes multiple
Point element;To be processed factor data object set is made of multiple single elements.
Step 102, the characteristic for extracting to be processed factor data object set, obtain to be processed according to characteristic
The position coordinates of the thermodynamic chart of point factor data object set, obtain according to the minimum value of the maximum value of position coordinates and position coordinates
To the Aspect Ratio of two-dimentional heating power grayscale image, the image parameters of two-dimentional heating power grayscale image are obtained according to Aspect Ratio;Wherein, feature
Data include the attribute value of the latitude coordinates and the thermodynamic analysis of point element of an element;
Step 103, determine point element thermodynamic analysis attribute value threshold value: when element thermodynamic analysis attribute value most
When big value is much larger than the attribute value average value of the thermodynamic analysis of point element, threshold range is 0-1;
Step 104 generates two-dimentional heating power grayscale image, generates a blank picture according to image parameters, according to wanting vegetarian refreshments institute
Color in position generates two-dimentional heating power grayscale image: according to wanting vegetarian refreshments to create a buffer area, progressive gray scale is filled in buffer area
Band, gray value are gradually reduced from inside to outside;According to superimposed gray value mapped color, two-dimentional heating power grayscale image is generated;
Step 105 generates two-dimentional thermodynamic chart, according to the superimposed gray value mapped color, to the two-dimentional heating power
Grayscale image is restained, and two-dimentional thermodynamic chart is generated.Its color is determined according to the gray value of each element, with superimposed gray scale
Value is index, has mapped color in the colour band of 256 kinds of colors from one, and restain to two-dimentional heating power grayscale image, thus real
Existing two dimension thermodynamic chart.
Step 106 generates three-dimensional thermodynamic chart piece, presets a 3-D graphic, 3-D graphic includes three-dimensional map or three
Buildings model is tieed up, two-dimentional thermodynamic chart is fitted in 3-D graphic, generates three-dimensional thermodynamic chart piece;When two-dimentional thermodynamic chart fits to three
It ties up on figure, when 3-D graphic is three-dimensional building object model, three-dimensional building object further includes the three-dimensional of three-dimensional building object present position
Map.
Step 107 obtains dynamic 3 D thermodynamic chart, the visual field of to be processed factor data object set is bound, according to view
It is wild at dynamic 3 D thermodynamic chart.When the variation of the visual field of to be processed factor data object set, repeat the above process until view
Wild unchanged generation dynamic 3 D thermodynamic chart.
When the variation of the visual field of to be processed factor data object set, 103 are repeated the above steps to step 106 until view
Wild unchanged generation dynamic 3 D thermodynamic chart.
The method provided by the invention for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, adds dynamic threshold control ability, solves data
Display effect problem of poor caused by gap is big.Solve existing three-dimensional thermodynamic chart realize it is simple, cannot adaptive indication range and
The problem of being distributed according to visual field adjust automatically heating power.
Embodiment 2:
The application generates the another embodiment of the method for three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, this method comprises:
Step 201 obtains to be processed factor data object set, and to be processed factor data object set includes multiple
Point element;To be processed factor data object set is made of multiple single elements.Point element includes that the point in present viewing field is wanted
Point element in element or the global visual field.
Step 202, the characteristic for extracting to be processed factor data object set, obtain to be processed according to characteristic
The position coordinates of the thermodynamic chart of point factor data object set, obtain according to the minimum value of the maximum value of position coordinates and position coordinates
To the Aspect Ratio of two-dimentional heating power grayscale image, the image parameters of two-dimentional heating power grayscale image are obtained according to Aspect Ratio;Image parameters
Length and width including two-dimentional heating power grayscale image.Wherein, characteristic includes the latitude coordinates of an element and the heat for putting element
The attribute value of power analysis;
In step 202, the position that the thermodynamic chart of to be processed factor data object set is obtained according to characteristic is sat
Mark, further for position coordinates include multiple element coordinates, put element coordinate x, and y is obtained according to following methods:
Wherein, x is an element abscissa, and y is an element ordinate, xminIt is in be processed factor data object set
The minimum value of multiple element abscissas, xmaxIt is that multiple element abscissas are most in be processed factor data object set
Big value, yminIt is the minimum value of multiple element ordinates in be processed factor data object set, ymaxIt is that point to be processed is wanted
The maximum value of multiple element ordinates in plain set of data objects, w are the width of to be processed factor data object set, h
It is the length of to be processed factor data object set.
In step 202, the length h of to be processed factor data object set is obtained according to following methods:
H=a × w,
Wherein, a is the length-width ratio of to be processed factor data object set, and the width w of two-dimentional heating power grayscale image is display
The resolution ratio of the display of two-dimentional heating power grayscale image.
Step 203, determine point element thermodynamic analysis attribute value threshold value: when element thermodynamic analysis attribute value most
When big value is much larger than the attribute value average value of the thermodynamic analysis of point element, threshold range is 0~1;
In step 203, the heating power data maximum value for putting element is obtained according to following methods:
pmax=α × p1max,
Wherein, pmaxIt is the heating power data maximum value of an element, α is threshold value, p1maxIt is the attribute of the thermodynamic analysis of an element
It is worth maximum value.
Step 204 generates two-dimentional heating power grayscale image, generates a blank picture according to image parameters, according to wanting vegetarian refreshments institute
Color in position generates two-dimentional heating power grayscale image: according to wanting vegetarian refreshments to create a buffer area, progressive gray scale is filled in buffer area
Band, gray value are gradually reduced from inside to outside;According to superimposed gray value mapped color, two-dimentional heating power grayscale image is generated;
In step 204, gray value is obtained according to following methods:
Q=p/pmax× 255,
Wherein, Q is gray value, and p is the attribute value of the thermodynamic analysis of an element, pmaxIt is the heating power data maximum of an element
Value.
Step 205 generates two-dimentional thermodynamic chart, according to the superimposed gray value mapped color, to the two-dimentional heating power
Grayscale image is restained, and two-dimentional thermodynamic chart is generated.Its color is determined according to the gray value of each element, with superimposed gray scale
Value is index, has mapped color in the colour band of 256 kinds of colors from one, and restain to two-dimentional heating power grayscale image, thus real
Existing two dimension thermodynamic chart.
Step 206 generates three-dimensional thermodynamic chart piece, presets a 3-D graphic, 3-D graphic includes three-dimensional map or three
Buildings model is tieed up, two-dimentional thermodynamic chart is fitted in 3-D graphic, generates three-dimensional thermodynamic chart piece;When two-dimentional thermodynamic chart fits to three
It ties up on figure, when 3-D graphic is three-dimensional building object model, three-dimensional building object further includes the three-dimensional of three-dimensional building object present position
Map.
Step 207 obtains dynamic 3 D thermodynamic chart, the visual field of to be processed factor data object set is bound, according to view
It is wild at dynamic 3 D thermodynamic chart.When the variation of the visual field of to be processed factor data object set, repeat the above process until view
Wild unchanged generation dynamic 3 D thermodynamic chart.
When the variation of the visual field of to be processed factor data object set, 203 are repeated the above steps to step 206 until view
Wild unchanged generation dynamic 3 D thermodynamic chart.
The method provided by the invention for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, adds dynamic threshold control ability, solves data
Display effect problem of poor caused by gap is big.Solve existing three-dimensional thermodynamic chart realize it is simple, cannot adaptive indication range and
The problem of being distributed according to visual field adjust automatically heating power.
Embodiment 3:
Referring to fig. 2, Fig. 2 is another flow chart that the method for three-dimensional thermodynamic chart is generated the present invention is based on GIS.This method packet
It includes:
Step 301, data preparation.
Thermodynamic chart shows both of which, and one is global schema, another kind is present viewing field mode.Global schema is
All factor datas are involved in operation, display;Present viewing field mode is only that element carries out operation, display in present viewing field.
The point element for having latitude coordinates (lon, lat) and needing thermodynamic analysis attribute value p for needing to show is read first,
Count maximin (i.e. acquisition current visible range, the maximum value of target data (data in the global or visual field) longitude and latitude
(xmax, ymax), minimum value (xmin, ymin)).According to longitude and latitude maximin, the Aspect Ratio of thermodynamic chart rectangle picture is determined.
Then the image parameters (long and wide) for needing to generate according to length-width ratio setting.For example length-width ratio is a, setting picture is wide
Degree be w (generally take screen resolution, such as 1080), then corresponding another edge lengths h=a × w.
Finally according to the correspondence ratio of longitude and latitude and picture, corresponding pixel points position of each element on picture is calculated
(x, y).By taking position where China as an example, calculation formula are as follows:
Step 302, threshold calculations.
To realize better user experience, the present invention adds threshold calculations, modification function in thermodynamic chart realization, so that hot
The display form tried hard to is more abundant, reduces influence of the discrete data to thermodynamic analysis.
According to a factor data set, target data is counted, target data includes target in global object data or the visual field
Data need the maximum value and average of the attribute value p of thermodynamic analysis, when maximum value is much larger than average, generate in proportion
Reference threshold α between one 0~1, while providing maximum reference threshold for the interface of modification, convenient for users to customized,
To calculate as heating power data maximum value pmaxEqual to current data maximum value multiplied by reference threshold α.
Step 303, picture generate.
According to the image parameters of the first step, a blank picture is generated, then the computational element point position on picture
Color, generate heating power picture.It is specific as follows:
A radius is set for discrete point, creates a buffer area;
To the buffer area of each discrete point, from inside to outside using progressive gray scale band (complete gray scale band is 0~255),
It fills from shallow to deep, current grayvalue is current point element value p divided by point element maximum value p in regionmaxMultiplied by 255;
Since gray value can be superimposed, gray value is bigger, and color is brighter, then seems whiter in gray scale band.In practice,
Can choose any channel in ARGB model can be superimposed as superposition gray value hence for the region for having buffer area to intersect
Gray value, thus buffer area intersection is more, gray value is bigger, and " heat " is also got in this block region;
It is to index with superimposed gray value, (such as iris) mapped color in the colour band for having 256 kinds of colors from one,
And image is restained, to realize hotspot graph.
The upper figure of step 304, picture.
According to target region, region includes generating the rectangle of a filling current region, then in the global or visual field
By the heating power picture of generation as on texture padding to rectangle.Horn of plenty three-dimensional thermodynamic chart shows form, and rectangular area can be with
It is set as patch ground or patch building is shown.Wherein patch ground is to show on three-dimensional earth spherical surface;Patch building take into account patch and
Building is pasted, judgement has the place of building to be attached to building surface according to the actual situation, not the place patch ground of building.
Step 305, dynamic generation.
Camera fields of view variation is bound, visual field variation is according to mouse roller event and mouse drag events are monitored, when the visual field is sent out
After changing, 302 are re-execute the steps to step 304.So far the dynamic 3 D thermodynamic chart of complete set is completed.
The method provided by the invention for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, adds dynamic threshold control ability, solves data
Display effect problem of poor caused by gap is big.Solve existing three-dimensional thermodynamic chart realize it is simple, cannot adaptive indication range and
The problem of being distributed according to visual field adjust automatically heating power.
As can be seen from the above embodiments beneficial effect existing for the application is:
1, the method provided by the invention for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, adds dynamic threshold control ability, solves number
According to gap it is big caused by display effect problem of poor.
2, the method provided by the invention for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, the existing three-dimensional thermodynamic chart realization of solution is simple,
It cannot adaptive indication range and the problem of be distributed according to visual field adjust automatically heating power.
Above by drawings and examples, example is passed through to the one of the application although doing to the technical solution of the application
A little specific embodiments are described in detail, but it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art example above is merely to carry out
Illustrate, the range being not intended to be limiting of the invention.Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, right
For those skilled in the art, it can still modify to technical solution documented by previous embodiment or right
Part of technical characteristic is equivalently replaced.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, it is made it is any modification, equally replace
It changes, improve, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
To be processed factor data object set is obtained, the to be processed factor data object set includes multiple elements;
The characteristic for extracting the to be processed factor data object set, obtains described to be processed according to the characteristic
The position coordinates of the thermodynamic chart of point factor data object set, according to the maximum value of the position coordinates and the position coordinates
Minimum value obtains the Aspect Ratio of two-dimentional heating power grayscale image, obtains the figure of the two-dimentional heating power grayscale image according to the Aspect Ratio
Piece parameter;Wherein, the characteristic includes the attribute of the latitude coordinates of described element and the thermodynamic analysis of described element
Value;
Determine the attribute value threshold value of the thermodynamic analysis of described element: when the attribute value maximum value of the thermodynamic analysis of described element
Greater than the thermodynamic analysis of described element attribute value average value when, the threshold range is 0~1;
Two-dimentional heating power grayscale image is generated, generates a blank picture according to the image parameters, according to the position where wanting vegetarian refreshments
The color set generates two-dimentional heating power grayscale image: wanting vegetarian refreshments to create a buffer area according to described, the buffer area is filled progressive
Gray scale band, gray value are gradually reduced from inside to outside;
Two-dimentional thermodynamic chart is generated, according to the superimposed gray value mapped color, again to the two-dimentional heating power grayscale image
Color generates two-dimentional thermodynamic chart;
Three-dimensional thermodynamic chart piece is generated, presets a 3-D graphic, the 3-D graphic includes three-dimensional map or three-dimensional building mould
The two-dimentional thermodynamic chart is fitted in the 3-D graphic, generates three-dimensional thermodynamic chart piece by type;
Dynamic 3 D thermodynamic chart is obtained, the visual field of the to be processed factor data object set is bound, it is raw according to the visual field
At dynamic 3 D thermodynamic chart.
2. the method according to claim 1 for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, which is characterized in that the image parameters
Length and width including the two-dimentional heating power grayscale image.
3. the method according to claim 1 for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, which is characterized in that according to the feature
Data obtain the position coordinates of the thermodynamic chart of the to be processed factor data object set, are further the position coordinates
Including multiple described element coordinates, described element coordinate x, y are obtained according to following methods:
Wherein, x is described element abscissa, and y is described element ordinate, xminIt is the to be processed factor data pair
As the minimum value of multiple described element abscissas in set, xmaxIt is multiple in the to be processed factor data object set
The maximum value of described element abscissa, yminIt is that multiple described elements are vertical in the to be processed factor data object set
The minimum value of coordinate, ymaxIt is the maximum value of multiple described element ordinates in the to be processed factor data object set,
W is the width of the to be processed factor data object set, and h is the length of the to be processed factor data object set.
4. the method according to claim 3 for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, which is characterized in that the point to be processed
The length h of factor data object set is obtained according to following methods:
H=a × w,
Wherein, a is the length-width ratio of the to be processed factor data object set, and the width w of the two dimension heating power grayscale image is
Show the resolution ratio of the display of the two-dimentional heating power grayscale image.
5. the method according to claim 1 for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, which is characterized in that described element
Heating power data maximum value is obtained according to following methods:
pmax=α × p1max,
Wherein, pmaxIt is the heating power data maximum value of described element, α is threshold value, p1maxIt is the thermodynamic analysis of described element
Attribute value maximum value.
6. the method according to claim 1 for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, which is characterized in that the gray value root
It is obtained according to following methods:
Q=p/pmax× 255,
Wherein, Q is gray value, and p is the attribute value of the thermodynamic analysis of described element, pmaxIt is the heating power data of described element
Maximum value.
7. the method according to claim 1 for generating three-dimensional thermodynamic chart based on GIS, which is characterized in that described element packet
Include the point element in the either global visual field of point element in present viewing field.
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