CN110343878A - A kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly dilval production method - Google Patents
A kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly dilval production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110343878A CN110343878A CN201910668835.7A CN201910668835A CN110343878A CN 110343878 A CN110343878 A CN 110343878A CN 201910668835 A CN201910668835 A CN 201910668835A CN 110343878 A CN110343878 A CN 110343878A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
- C22B23/023—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes with formation of ferro-nickel or ferro-cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/023—Alloys based on nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
A kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly dilval production method, belong to pyrometallurgy field, it is characterized by: stainless steel sludge, stainless steel acid sludge, stainless steel oxidation skin, stainless steel grinding wheel ash and the mixture for returning dirt are uniformly mixed according to a certain percentage with fine coal, then through pelletizing, rotary kiln drying and sintering, closed shaftless screw conveyer conveys sintering feed, totally enclosed type ore-smelting electric furnace melting obtains dilval and slag, raw material of the dilval as production stainless steel, building materials raw material is done after water quenched slag, flue gas during smelting is through cyclone dust collection, bag collection, alkali liquid washing, through smoke stack emission after electrostatic precipitator demisting is up to standard.Fuel needed for the rotary kiln drying and sintering is the heating gas that ore-smelting electric furnace melting generates, and rotary kiln sintering feed is hot to enter the melting of totally enclosed type ore-smelting electric furnace.Smelting process energy utilization is abundant, and flue gas qualified discharge, fixed investment is few, and occupied area is few, and production run expense is low, and society, economy, environmental benefit are significant.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pyrometallurgy fields, and in particular to a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly dilval production method.
Background technique
With the development of the social economy, the improvement of people's living standards, stainless steel dosage increases, stainless steel production, processing
Industry obtains fast-developing.China's stainless steel crude steel yield in 2018 is up to 2670.68 ten thousand tons, wherein 300 systems (Cr-Ni steel)
1282.07 ten thousand tons.In the secondary industry of stainless steel, stainless steel sludge, the stainless steel acid sludge of generation are about stainless steel output
3%~5%, containing valuable metals element, Ni, Cr contents such as Ni, Cr, Fe it is 2 times of lateritic nickel ore or so in sludge, contains simultaneously
There is CaF2、CaO、SiO2、CaSO4Equal substances, belong to dangerous waste object.In addition, also generating the stainless steel for accounting for stainless steel processing output about 1%
Oxide skin and stainless steel grinding wheel ash, belong to general solid waste.
With the continuous improvement of the increasingly depleted and environmental requirement of resource, these stainless steel sludges, stainless steel are rationally utilized
Acid sludge, stainless steel oxidation skin and stainless steel grinding wheel ash are related to the sound development of China's stainless steel enterprises.The benefit of stainless steel sludge
With having thermal process and wet processing.Wet processing process is complicated, and equipment is more, generates a large amount of waste water, and waste residue easily generates
Secondary pollution can not finally solve the problems, such as harm of the waste residue to environment.Thermal process adapts to large-scale continuous production, obtains nickel
Ferroalloy productor, the Water Quenching Slag of output can do building materials raw material, generate containing sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride exhaust gas through lye
Energy qualified discharge after absorption cleaning processing, waste water is can be recycled, non-wastewater discharge.At present in stainless steel sludge treatment process
On, gradually tend to apply pyrogenic process technology.The method that pyrogenic process technology generallys use at present are as follows: stainless steel sludge (or and lateritic nickel ore
Mix according to a certain percentage), it is dry through rotary kiln, it adds after carbonaceous reducing agent, lime stone through rotary kiln baking, then through mine thermoelectricity
Furnace melting obtains dilval.The technique nickel, iron recovery are higher, but process flow is longer, and fixed investment is larger.It is dropped in energy conservation
Consumption aspect, stainless steel sludge aqueous up to 60% or so, removal moisture content need to consume a large amount of fuel.In the prior art, mine thermoelectricity
Furnace melting generates coal gas and is not utilized effectively, and ore-smelting electric furnace is using cold conditions charging, still without obtaining the problem of thermal state feeding
Very good solution, therefore, energy consumption are high.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem underlying to be solved by this invention is: by optimization technological process, optimization device configuration, making mine thermoelectricity
Directly as fuel needed for rotary kiln drying and sintering, sintering feed is hot to be gone back the coal gas of high temperature that furnace melting generates into ore-smelting electric furnace
Former melting, to reach, production procedure is short, reduces fixed investment, reduces energy consumption, makes dilval production energy conservation and environmental protection, cost drop
It is low.
The present invention is realized with such as under type:
1, mixing and granulation: stainless steel sludge, stainless steel acid sludge, stainless steel oxidation skin, stainless steel grinding wheel ash mixture
And return dirt and coal dust in parts by weight 1: 0.10~0.25 tentatively mix after, transported using grab-crane to feeding bin, then use belt
Transport is stirred mixing to biaxial rneader, enters roller granulating machine after mixing, roller granulating machine control spray into pelletize water into
Row uniformly granulation.
2, rotary kiln drying and sintering: granulation material belt-conveying enters in rotary kiln from blanking bin, leans on to rotary kiln kiln tail blanking bin
The level inclination of rotary kiln and revolution move pellet toward kiln hood direction, inversely contact with high-temperature flue gas, pellet temperature constantly rises
Height removes the free water, crystallization water in pellet, hydroxide decomposes generation oxide and partial oxide is reduced, burning
Ramming material from kiln hood come out after, into furnace hopper, furnace hopper lower part be arranged adjustable speed closed shaftless screw conveyer,
It is hot lower sintering feed to be delivered to totally enclosed type ore-smelting electric furnace feed opening.Rotary kiln drying and sintering is fuel used for totally enclosed type mine heat
The heating gas that electric furnace generates, 600~1000 DEG C of flue-gas temperature after filling into excess air heating gas being made to burn in kiln hood, kiln tail cigarette
180~130 DEG C of temperature degree.
3, the supplement of carbonaceous reducing agent and lime stone flux: under normal circumstances, the calcium content in stainless steel sludge can expire
Needs of the foot as flux addition lime or add in special circumstances when calc-flux deficiency, when ingredient from rotary kiln kiln tail blanking bin
Enter lime stone；General carbonaceous reducing agent, with sufficient dosage, need to supplement coke when carbonaceous reducing agent deficiency in special circumstances before granulation,
Supplement coke is the setting coke feed bin above closed shaftless screw conveyer, by the star-shape feeding valve of feed bin lower part toward closed
It is fed on shaftless screw conveyer, and increases closed shaftless screw conveyer by increasing screw pitch or increasing the width of flight
The conveying capacity of rear end.
4, ore-smelting electric furnace melting: using the melting of totally enclosed type ore-smelting electric furnace, and a feed opening is arranged in the middle part of furnace top cover,
Three gas exits are set on furnace top cover, and the other end of gas pipe protrudes into kiln hood after merging together, relative to feed opening position
For, ore-smelting electric furnace gas exit position can reduce the dustiness of coal gas in the other side of self-baking electrode.Sintering feed temperature is about
650 DEG C, due to being thermal state feeding, totally enclosed type ore-smelting electric furnace gas temperature is set to reach 800 DEG C or more, therefore, sintering feed enters
It is not required to power consumption preheating after in furnace, that is, starts by gas reduction, therefore the yield of electric furnace can be improved, ton product economize on electricity about 25%.By
It is higher than its ignition point in gas temperature, encountering air can burn, therefore comparatively safe.Since gas temperature is high, gas pipe
Outer wall sets air jacket, blasts normal temperature air with blower, while cooling protection gas pipe, air preheat, after preheating
Combustion-supporting gas of the air as gas-fired.
In ore-smelting electric furnace, heated using arc discharge, generate 1500~1600 DEG C of high temperature, at this temperature, nickel, chromium,
The metal oxide of iron is restored by carbon generates alloy sinking, and silicon, magnesium, calcium do not reach the temperature that reduction reaction occurs, only raw
It at slag, floats because density ratio alloy is small, separates the two, interval deslagging and discharge alloy.Ingot casting after dilval is released
The blocking product that becomes is sold.Clinker then does building materials raw material after Water Quenching.
5, fume treatment: in ore-smelting electric furnace, it is greater than 1000 DEG C, under the conditions of carbon is excessive, carbon reducing metal in temperature
After generate CO gas, through gas pipe draw enter rotary kiln kiln hood, in kiln hood meet combustion air burning generate titanium dioxide
Carbon simultaneously releases heat, drops to 180~130 DEG C using mixture after high temperature flue gas drying sintering granulating, while flue-gas temperature,
After rotoclone collector, bagroom gather dust, purifying column is sent to by air-introduced machine and carries out alkali liquid washing, handle again through electrostatic precipitator
Through smoke stack emission after up to standard, the flue dust accepted returns to ingredient.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The technological process of production is short, fixed investment is low, obvious heat of smoke and latent heat are fully used, and low energy consumption, metal recovery
Rate is high, and thoroughly, smelting production cost is low, and society, economy, environmental benefit are significant for fume environment protection processing.The present invention is not limited to use 300
Be the production of (Cr-Ni steel) stainless steel, generate waste material in secondary industry, sludge produces dilval product, be also suitable for using
Ore-smelting electric furnace reduction melting produces other productions.Traditional smelting process and the technology of the present invention Indexes Comparison (being shown in Table 1).
The traditional smelting process of table 1 and the technology of the present invention Indexes Comparison
| Project | Rotary kiln drying-rotary kiln calcination-ore-smelting electric furnace melts method | This law is bright |
| Fixed investment | 100% | 87% |
| Occupied area | 100% | 80% |
| Coal consumption | 100% | 75% |
| Power consumption | 100% | 81% |
| Labor productivity | 100% | 120% |
| Production cost | 100% | 85% |
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly dilval production method process flow chart of the present invention
Fig. 2 is a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly dilval production method device connection diagram of the present invention
In the figure, it is marked as 1- biaxial rneader, 2- roller granulating machine, 3- rotary kiln, the closed shaftless screw conveyer of 4-, 5- are burnt
Charcoal feed bin, 6- totally enclosed type ore-smelting electric furnace, 7- pig moulding machine, 8- water quenching slag bath, 9- rotoclone collector, 10- bagroom, 11-
Air-introduced machine, 12- purifying column, 13- electrostatic precipitator, 14- chimney.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail With reference to embodiment.But this should not be interpreted as to the present invention
The range of above-mentioned theme is only limitted to embodiment below, all that model of the invention is belonged to based on the technology that the content of present invention is realized
It encloses.
Stainless steel sludge, stainless steel acid sludge, stainless steel oxidation skin, stainless steel grinding wheel ash mixture butt composition
(being shown in Table 2).
2 stainless steel sludge of table, stainless steel acid sludge, stainless steel oxidation skin, stainless steel grinding wheel ash mixture butt composition at
Part (%)
Fine coal composition (is shown in Table 3).
3 fine coal composition (%) of table
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly dilval production method of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
1, mixing and granulation: stainless steel sludge, stainless steel acid sludge, stainless steel oxidation skin, stainless steel grinding wheel ash mixture
And return dirt and coal dust in parts by weight 1: 0.16 tentatively mix, be homogenized after, transported with grab-crane to feeding bin, then use belt-conveying
It is stirred mixing to biaxial rneader 1, roller granulating machine 2 is entered after mixing, the control of roller granulating machine 2 sprays into granulation water and carries out
Uniformly granulation.
2, rotary kiln drying and sintering: granulation material belt-conveying to 3 kiln tail blanking bin of rotary kiln enters in rotary kiln 3 from blanking bin,
Level inclination and revolution by rotary kiln 3 move pellet toward kiln hood direction, inversely contact with high-temperature flue gas, pellet temperature is continuous
It increases, removes the free water, crystallization water in pellet and hydroxide decomposes generation oxide and partial oxide is gone back
Original, sintering feed from kiln hood come out after, into furnace hopper, furnace hopper lower part be arranged adjustable speed closed shaftless screw conveying
Sintering feed lower is delivered to 6 feed opening of totally enclosed type ore-smelting electric furnace hot by device 4.Rotary kiln 3 is fuel used for totally enclosed type mine heat
The heating gas that electric furnace 6 generates, flue-gas temperature is controlled at 700~800 DEG C after filling into excess air heating gas being made burn in kiln hood,
180~130 DEG C of temperature of flue gas in kiln.
3, it ore-smelting electric furnace melting: about 650 DEG C of sintering feed charging temperature, in totally enclosed type ore-smelting electric furnace 6, is put using electric arc
Electric heating, generate 1500~1600 DEG C of high temperature, at this temperature, nickel, chromium, iron metal oxide by carbon restore generate alloy under
It is heavy, and silicon, magnesium, calcium do not reach the temperature that reduction reaction occurs, and only generate slag, float because density ratio alloy is small, make two
Person's separation, interval deslagging and discharge alloy.Dilval is released to be sold through the blocking product that becomes of 7 ingot casting of pig moulding machine, and clinker then passes through
Do building materials raw material after Water Quenching, nickel, chromium, iron the rate of recovery be respectively 94.5%, 91.3%, 80.6%.
4, fume treatment: the flue gas come out from rotary kiln tail is after rotoclone collector 9, bagroom 10 gather dust, by air inducing
Machine 11 sends to purifying column 12, electrostatic precipitator 13 handle it is up to standard after discharged through chimney 14, the flue dust accepted returns to ingredient.
Embodiment 2
1, mixing and granulation: stainless steel sludge, stainless steel acid sludge, stainless steel oxidation skin, stainless steel grinding wheel ash mixture
And return dirt and coal dust in parts by weight 1: 0.11 tentatively mix, be homogenized after, transported with grab-crane to feeding bin, then use belt-conveying
It is stirred mixing to biaxial rneader 1, roller granulating machine 2 is entered after mixing, the control of roller granulating machine 2 sprays into granulation water and carries out
Uniformly granulation.
2, rotary kiln drying and sintering: granulation material belt-conveying to 3 kiln tail blanking bin of rotary kiln enters in rotary kiln 3 from blanking bin,
Level inclination and revolution by rotary kiln 3 move pellet toward kiln hood direction, inversely contact with high-temperature flue gas, pellet temperature is continuous
It increases, removes the free water, crystallization water in pellet and hydroxide decomposes generation oxide and partial oxide is gone back
Original, sintering feed from kiln hood come out after, into furnace hopper, kiln hood storehouse expect lower part setting adjustable speed closed shaftless screw conveying
Sintering feed lower is delivered to 6 feed opening of totally enclosed type ore-smelting electric furnace hot by device 4.Rotary kiln 3 is fuel used for totally enclosed type mine heat
The heating gas that electric furnace 6 generates, flue-gas temperature is controlled at 700~800 DEG C after filling into excess air heating gas being made burn in kiln hood,
180~130 DEG C of temperature of flue gas in kiln.
3, the supplement of carbonaceous reducing agent: putting into coke toward coke feed bin 5, by the star-shape feeding valve of feed bin lower part toward closed
It is fed on shaftless screw conveyer 4, coke feeding coal is the 5% of sintering feed.
4, it ore-smelting electric furnace melting: about 650 DEG C of sintering feed charging temperature, in totally enclosed type ore-smelting electric furnace 6, is put using electric arc
Electric heating, generate 1500~1600 DEG C of high temperature, at this temperature, nickel, chromium, iron metal oxide by carbon restore generate alloy under
It is heavy, and silicon, magnesium, calcium do not reach the temperature that reduction reaction occurs, and only generate slag, float because density ratio alloy is small, make two
Person's separation, interval deslagging and discharge alloy.Dilval is released to be sold through the blocking product that becomes of 7 ingot casting of pig moulding machine, and clinker then passes through
Do building materials raw material after Water Quenching, nickel, chromium, iron the rate of recovery be respectively 95.0%, 91.7%, 81.9%.
5, fume treatment: the flue gas come out from rotary kiln tail is after rotoclone collector 9, bagroom 10 gather dust, by air inducing
Machine 11 sends to purifying column 12, electrostatic precipitator 13 handle it is up to standard after discharged through chimney 14, the flue dust accepted returns to ingredient.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly dilval production method, belongs to pyrometallurgy field, it is characterised in that: stainless steel sludge,
Stainless steel acid sludge, stainless steel oxidation skin and stainless steel grinding wheel ash and the mixture for returning dirt mix according to a certain percentage with fine coal
It is even, then obtain dilval and slag through granulation, rotary kiln drying and sintering, ore-smelting electric furnace melting, flue gas during smelting through cyclone dust collection,
Through smoke stack emission after bag collection, alkali liquid washing, electrostatic precipitator demisting are up to standard.
2. a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly dilval production method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described is stainless
Steel sludge, stainless steel acid sludge, stainless steel oxidation skin and stainless steel grinding wheel ash and the mixture and fine coal that return dirt are according to a certain percentage
It is matched are as follows: 1: 0.10~0.25.
3. a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly dilval production method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the granulation
For one of roller granulating machine granulation, disk pelletizing mechanism grain and balling press granulation.
4. a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly dilval production method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rotary kiln
The fuel used heating gas generated for ore-smelting electric furnace of drying and sintering, flue gas after filling into excess air heating gas being made to burn in kiln hood
600~1000 DEG C of temperature, 180~130 DEG C of temperature of flue gas in kiln.
5. a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly dilval production method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rotary kiln
Feed bin is arranged in outlet end, and feed bin lower part is arranged closed shaftless screw conveyer, coke is arranged above closed shaftless screw conveyer
Feed bin, by the star-shape feeding valve of feed bin lower part toward being fed on closed shaftless screw conveyer, and by increasing screw pitch or increase
The width of flight increases the conveying capacity of closed shaftless screw conveyer rear end, and closed shaftless screw conveyer outer wall setting is empty
Gas collet blasts normal temperature air with blower, using the combustion-supporting gas after air preheat as gas-fired.
6. a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly dilval production method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mine heat
Electric furnace is totally enclosed type ore-smelting electric furnace, and a feed opening is arranged in the middle part of furnace top cover and is set on furnace top cover using thermal state feeding
Three gas exits are set, the other end of gas pipe protrudes into kiln hood after merging together, for feed opening position, mine thermoelectricity
Producer gas outlet port is arranged air jacket, blasts normal temperature air with blower in the other side of self-baking electrode, the outer wall of gas pipe,
Using the combustion-supporting gas after air preheat as gas-fired.
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| CN201910668835.7A CN110343878B (en) | 2019-07-22 | 2019-07-22 | Energy-saving and environment-friendly production method of nickel-iron alloy |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910668835.7A CN110343878B (en) | 2019-07-22 | 2019-07-22 | Energy-saving and environment-friendly production method of nickel-iron alloy |
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| CN110343878B CN110343878B (en) | 2021-03-19 |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN111996368A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-27 | 中冶东方工程技术有限公司 | Method for producing chromium-nickel alloy from chromium-nickel alloy and stainless steel containing metal solid waste |
| CN112063834A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-12-11 | 中南大学 | Method for returning stainless steel pickling sludge to rotary kiln-submerged arc furnace process for utilization |
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| CN110343878B (en) | 2021-03-19 |
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