CN110331987A - Double-shielded TBM tunneling construction method for ground consisting of hard rock - Google Patents
Double-shielded TBM tunneling construction method for ground consisting of hard rock Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
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- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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Abstract
The invention belongs to tunnel piercing fields, specifically disclose a kind of double-shielded TBM tunneling construction method for ground consisting of hard rock, and this method can timely and effectively instruct tunneling construction and design of its support of the double-shielded TBM in ground consisting of hard rock.The double-shielded TBM tunneling construction method for ground consisting of hard rock includes being classified to double-shielded TBM driving suitability under ground consisting of hard rock, the step of to instruct tunneling construction and subsequent supporting according to classification.It is easily obtained due to being classified the judgement parameter used, and there is extremely strong instantaneity, it records and generates due to rock abrasivity and when passing through and pushing away and be equipment driving than parameter again, the objective circumstances actually tunneled can be truly reflected, the deviation of theoretical test value and practical operation is avoided to greatest extent, therefore the timeliness and accuracy of classification has been effectively ensured, the construction guidance proposed based on this and design of its support, tunneling construction and supporting of the double-shielded TBM in ground consisting of hard rock can be timely and effectively instructed, construction efficiency and working security are substantially increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tunnel piercing fields, and in particular to a kind of double-shielded TBM tunneling construction side for ground consisting of hard rock
Method.
Background technique
It in constructing tunnel, is classified by the way that rock mass will be excavated, is carried out conducive to the country rock targetedly to different condition
Excavate the design of parameter and supporting parameter.Tunnel machine, which excavates, often carries out country rock driving using complete-section tunnel boring machine, entirely
The English abbreviation of section tunnel boring machine is TBM；TBM is broadly divided into open type TBM, list shield TBM and double-shielded TBM, wherein
Double-shielded TBM is adaptable to geological conditions, and the cylinder-shaped shield body structure consistent with machine diameter, benefit is arranged in complete machine periphery
In driving soft broken or complex formation.Using double-shielded TBM tunneling construction, not only needs to consider rock mass quality, also need to examine
Consider complexity and suitable degree of the mechanical equipment in tunneling process, it is therefore necessary to it is suitable to carry out double-shielded TBM country rock driving
Suitable property classification, especially for the tunneling construction of the complicated ground consisting of hard rock of construction.Uniaxial saturated compressive strength of rock Rc in specification
It is known as hard rock within the scope of 30~60MPa, and is known as extremely hard rock greater than 60MPa.Ground consisting of hard rock as described herein includes specification
In hard rock and extremely hard rock, i.e. the rock of uniaxial saturated compressive strength of rock Rc >=30MPa.
Currently, domestic railway systems (iron builds [2007] No. 106)-" railway tunnel full face rock tunnel boring machine law technology
Guide " in there are Specifications to be classified tunnel surrounding development machine operating condition.The classification is to tunnel in work progress
The driving of road country rock development machine operates and the construction links such as subsequent section of jurisdiction installation type selecting, filling beans gravel, grouting for leakage control have
Great importance.
However, form of construction work and the construction of traditional development machine are far from each other, the process of construction in double-shielded TBM driving
Control becomes key points and difficulties, although domestic railway systems by tunnel surrounding development machine operating condition carried out classification come
The method of guiding construction has stronger universality, but since this method has the disadvantages that, is not suitable for double-shielded TBM
Tunneling construction.Specific disadvantage are as follows:
1, it is related to some such as country rock elastic wave velocity of longitudinal waves, rock Chiseling specific work is difficult to the parameter directly obtained, need
It separately tests, therefore parameter obtains and do not have instantaneity, it is difficult to instruct tunneling construction in time, be chiefly used in the data in construction later period
It collects and analyzes.
2, this method needs to be classified country rock first, and existing authoritative fender graded method mainly has " vcehicular tunnel
Design specification " in (JTG D70-2004) using rock mass basic quality index BQ as BQ the classification method, " hydraulic power project of foundation
Geological exploration norm " water power engineering of surrounding rock geological classes HC classification method in (GB50287-2016), Q system classification and
RMR classification etc., although these classification determine rigorous and architectonical, it is basic that these stage divisions all only rely on rock mass
The qualitative features and country rock elastic wave velocity of longitudinal wave of quality are classified, the construction tunneled in ground consisting of hard rock to double-shielded TBM
Parameter and supporting parameter design instruct effect limited.
3, there is weight with reference to country rock elastic wave velocity of longitudinal wave in two subitem of fender graded and Rock-mass integrity index Kv
Multiple suspicion.
In addition, external also propose Q on the basis of rock mass Q system classificationTBMEqual models, the model consider rock machine
Interaction, be added to some new parameters, the net driving speed of TBM, utilization rate and speed of application can be predicted.But QTBMMould
Shape parameter is more, includes altogether 21 input parameters, while some input parameters are unrelated with TBM performance, other parameter obtains phase
It to difficulty, needs separately to test more, is not easy to obtain immediately to instruct site operation, therefore be not also suitable for double-shielded TBM in hard rock
The guidance of the construction parameter and supporting parameter design that are tunneled in stratum.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of double-shielded TBM tunneling construction method for ground consisting of hard rock, this method can have in time
Tunneling construction of the double-shielded TBM in ground consisting of hard rock is instructed to effect, is conducive to improve construction efficiency and working security.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the double-shielded TBM driving for ground consisting of hard rock is applied
Work method includes the steps that tunneling suitability classification according to the double-shielded TBM country rock of ground consisting of hard rock to instruct tunneling construction；
The process of the double-shielded TBM country rock driving suitability classification of the ground consisting of hard rock is as follows:
S1, the rock strength of double-shielded TBM construction part is divided by table 1, and determines rock strength scoring a；
Table 1:
S2, the rock integrality of double-shielded TBM construction part is divided by table 2, and determines the scoring of rock integrality
b；
Table 2:
S3, according to formula c=a+2b, determine that the rock quality of double-shielded TBM construction part scores c substantially, and complete by table 3
The country rock of pairs of double-shielded TBM construction part tunnels Stability Classification；
Table 3:
S4, Stability Classification and driving complexity index of correlation are tunneled according to country rock, by table 4 by double shields of ground consisting of hard rock
Shield TBM country rock driving suitability be judged as be suitable for, conveniently, suitability is poor and suitability is poor, and respectively with capitalization A,
B, C and D is indicated；
Table 4:
Further, tunneling Stability Classification according to country rock of the S3 remarks to double-shielded TBM construction part in step S3
It is modified；
S3 remarks: 1) when structural plane move towards stablize occur with tunnel axis angle less than 20 °, stability is tunneled to country rock
Evaluation drop level-one；2) right when structural plane inclination angle greater than 80 ° or less than 20 ° and when appearance cavern as caused by the factor collapses
Country rock tunnels estimation of stability and drops level-one；3) when underground water development, and there is the country rock softening transform as caused by the factor, landslide
Etc. wild effects when, to country rock driving estimation of stability drop level-one；4) local magnitude of stress is high, and occurs being caused by the factor
Country rock plastic deformation, deflection influence TBM normal construction driving when, to country rock driving estimation of stability drop level-one.
Further, in step S4, when judge, Stability Classification Preliminary division is first tunneled according to country rock, further according to right
The driving complexity index answered is determined.
Further, in step S4, if country rock driving stability is I grade, and when judging driving complexity, occur by
Rock abrasivity with pass through push away more inconsistent than determining evaluation result when, select the evaluation result determined by rock abrasivity.
Further, if country rock driving stability is II grade, and when judge driving complexity, occurring in step S4
By rock abrasivity with pass through push away more inconsistent than determining evaluation result when, the level-one for select driving suitability poor is as judge knot
Fruit.
Further, if judged according to corresponding driving complexity index, passing through and pushing away than exceeding in step S4
Column range is corresponded in table 4, then carries out step S1~S3 again and country rock driving stability is classified again.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: since rock strength and rock integrality can obtain in real time with the driving of double-shielded TBM
It the rock abrasivity that uses and passes through to push away and machinery can be set when double-shielded TBM tunnels than parameter when taking, and evaluating driving complexity
It is standby to automatically generate, therefore respectively judge that parameter is not required to separately test acquisition, with extremely strong instantaneity, and due to rock abrasivity with
It passes through and pushes away record generation when being equipment driving than parameter, the objective circumstances actually tunneled can be truly reflected, kept away to greatest extent
The deviation of theoretical test value and practical operation is exempted from, therefore the double-shielded TBM country rock driving that ground consisting of hard rock has been effectively ensured is suitable for
Property classification timeliness and accuracy, can timely and effectively instruct driving of the double-shielded TBM in ground consisting of hard rock to apply based on this
Work and design of its support, substantially increase construction efficiency and working security.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below.
For the double-shielded TBM tunneling construction method of ground consisting of hard rock, including being dug according to the double-shielded TBM country rock of ground consisting of hard rock
Into suitability classification come the step of instructing tunneling construction；
The process of the double-shielded TBM country rock driving suitability classification of the ground consisting of hard rock is as follows:
S1, the rock strength of double-shielded TBM construction part is divided by table 1, and determines rock strength scoring a；
Table 1:
S2, the rock integrality of double-shielded TBM construction part is divided by table 2, and determines the scoring of rock integrality
b；
Table 2:
S3, according to formula c=a+2b, determine that the rock quality of double-shielded TBM construction part scores c substantially, and complete by table 3
The country rock of pairs of double-shielded TBM construction part tunnels Stability Classification；
Table 3:
S4, Stability Classification and driving complexity index of correlation are tunneled according to country rock, by table 4 by double shields of ground consisting of hard rock
Shield TBM country rock driving suitability be judged as be suitable for, conveniently, suitability is poor and suitability is poor, and respectively with capitalization A,
B, C and D is indicated；When judge, Stability Classification Preliminary division is first usually tunneled according to country rock, further according to corresponding driving difficulty or ease journey
Degree index is determined；
Table 4:
The double-shielded TBM tunneling construction method for being used for ground consisting of hard rock is to be constructed in fact based on double-shielded TBM in hard rock area
It tramples and gets, have very strong specific aim very strong, can ensure that greatest extent and apply to avoid because of value deviation caused by the difference of stratum
The reliability of work.Construction parameter and branch are carried out generally according to the double-shielded TBM country rock driving suitability classification auxiliary of ground consisting of hard rock
Parameter designing is protected to instruct tunneling construction；By the way that country rock is tunneled stability and driving suitability and TBM constructing operation and subsequent
Design of its support links directly, and TBM construction and subsequent design of its support are directed while not increasing site workload, is greatly improved
Efficiency, reduces cost.The corresponding driving operation of general each classification and design of its support can be found in table 5；
Table 5:
Index parameter in table 5 both reflects surrounding rock stability, corresponding subsequent different supporting measure；Pick is reflected again
Into the adaptedness of process TBM, corresponding subsequent TBM constructing operation；It therefore can be directly as direct of both construction and design
Reference index.
In table 5, thrust and torque are the important parameters of TBM driving, generally according to the respective value of the two and mutually coordinated
Relationship carries out the control and quality control of driving speed.When existing simultaneously thrust and torque, the work of cutterhead competence exertion broken rock
With.
Thrust refers to: what groups oil cylinders provided inside TBM makes TBM cutterhead be affixed on palisades and rotates the external force of broken rock, is each
Cylinder thrust summation.
When torque is cutterhead rotation broken rock, to overcome rock resistance, what cutter motor provided makes the torsion institute of cutterhead rotation
It generates.
Normal driving speed refers to: the difference that each engineering is operated due to type, hole diameter, TBM device parameter and personnel, the value
It is non-constant；Generally certain length (generally taking greater than 500m) can be tunneled according in normal rock mass, is counted in specific tunnel
Average speed is as normal driving speed.
Normal rock mass refers to: according to tunnel type (water conservancy, highway or railway), by the country rock point determined in related specifications
Grade is generally used as normal rock mass for III grade.
Low speed refers to: normal driving speed 60% driving speed below.
Torque holding refers to: after torque is set as certain value, with the operation for increasing thrust while keeping torque constant.
Thrust holding refers to: after thrust is set as certain value, with the operation for increasing torque while keeping thrust constant.
Anti-torque thrust conventional value is equally to tunnel the normal rock of certain length in concrete engineering with normal driving speed
Body, the value range of corresponding torque and thrust when TBM is normal driving speed obtained in statistics.
Slag discharge amount control speed limit refers to: in tunnel fragmented rock body section, slag body falls production because TBM is cut in addition to normal design
It further include rock mass because self stability is poor other than raw, the unstable sillar voluntarily fallen after being disturbed by TBM, therefore go out at this time
The quantity of slag is greater than design value.Such as increase driving speed, then will lead to slag discharge amount in the unit time and increase and be greater than design value, answer at this time
It is less than equipment maximum by practical slag discharge amount to slag tap capability control driving speed.
Conventional section of jurisdiction refers to: the section of jurisdiction form used under the conditions of the tunnel routine geology that design side provides.Supporting is set
When meter is using conventional section of jurisdiction, it is all made of normal beans gravel backfill amount and normal grouting quantity.
Reinforce section of jurisdiction to refer to: the section of jurisdiction form used under the unconventional geological conditions in the tunnel that design side provides refers generally to
The structure used under poor geological conditions is better than a kind of section of jurisdiction of conventional section of jurisdiction.
It is that country rock tunnels the description as described in objective wall rock condition in suitability classification that country rock, which tunnels Stability Classification,；The classification
There is no in conventional method the features such as stepping classification is excessive, parameter is excessive, partial parameters microcosmicization, complicated, subjective judgement,
Have the advantages that parameter is few, be easy to judge, the parameters such as the country rock elastic wave longitudinal wave speed of acquisition need to separately be tested by having abandoned, and be used
This two macro-indicators of the rock strength and Rock Mass Integrality being easily obtained and principal element are judged, country rock is tunneled and is stablized
Property classification be reduced to 3 grades, it is simple and convenient.Formula c=a+2b be empirical equation, have passed through expert point rating method, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and
Field practice confirmation is got, and the weight size of two parameters of rock strength and Rock Mass Integrality has scientifically been determined and use is most simple
Single model is reconstructed.
The double-shielded TBM country rock driving suitability classification of used ground consisting of hard rock in the method for the present invention, by double shields
The rock strength and rock integrality of shield TBM construction part score, and are calculated using specific empirical equation and determine rock
Quality scores substantially, and then completes to tunnel Stability Classification to the country rock of double-shielded TBM construction part, digs later further according to country rock
Into Stability Classification and driving complexity index of correlation, it is suitable to the double-shielded TBM country rock driving of ground consisting of hard rock to be finally completed
Property classification, realize the objective wall rock condition that will affect double-shielded TBM driving and the parameter phase that represents double-shielded TBM Machine structural features
Suitability is tunneled in conjunction with to evaluate country rock.
The double-shielded TBM country rock driving suitability classification of above-mentioned ground consisting of hard rock has the advantage that
1) judge that parameter is easily obtained: double-shielded TBM is due to there is shield to block, it is difficult to careful description is carried out to country rock；
It is not easy to obtain about parameters scenes such as structural plane character, structural plane occurrence in traditional fender graded mode, while some parameters
Need to separately test could obtain.And the country rock driving suitability classification in the method for the present invention uses macroscopical geologic parameter+machinery
Equipment automatic parameter acquisition is judged, is obtained convenient and efficient.
2) parameter timeliness is strong: all judgement parameters can the acquisition, instant analysis immediately while equipment tunneling construction.
3) propulsion row judgement is passed through using the generation of mechanical equipment automatic parameter acquisition, can really reflects objective driving state, most
Limits avoid the deviation of theoretical test value and practical operation, guarantee that hierarchical structure is more accurate.
4) country rock driving Stability Classification is simple, reduces the different bring Different Results of subjective understanding；Only to main two
A macroparameter is judged, is influenced lesser parameter on micro-parameter or on result, explanation is only compared in remarks, letter
Change deterministic process, greatly reduce the possibility for judging parameter and reducing subjective judgement fault.
5) classification establishes the special case model being applicable in hard rock area, under the specific environment, strong applicability in
Existing various hierarchical approaches.
Pass through the ratio pushed away than referring to pile penetration and thrust in the double-shielded TBM course of work.It is pushed away by introducing to pass through than as pick
Into an important reference indicator of complexity, in hard rock area, the value of the index is shown in Table 4.The index carries out in construction
The excavation of million magnitudes compares regression analysis, the results showed that the correspondence of parameter and driving state is that double-shielded TBM is mechanical
The optimum combination in parameter is generated, it is the most objective and accurate to the description of equipment state.It particularly points out, class is used in other stratum
Like method of discrimination, or because double-shielded TBM equipment difference caused by pass through and push away than value difference, but judge process and Selecting All Parameters phase
Seemingly, it is accordingly to be regarded as the extension of this method.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the double-shielded TBM tunneling construction method for being used for ground consisting of hard rock further includes
The following contents:
It is modified according to country rock driving Stability Classification of the S3 remarks to double-shielded TBM construction part in step S3；
S3 remarks: 1) when structural plane move towards stablize occur with tunnel axis angle less than 20 °, stability is tunneled to country rock
Evaluation drop level-one；2) when structural plane inclination angle is greater than 80 °, or less than 20 ° and there is the cavern as caused by the factor when collapsing, it is right
Country rock tunnels estimation of stability and drops level-one；3) when underground water development, and there is the country rock softening transform as caused by the factor, landslide
Etc. wild effects when, to country rock driving estimation of stability drop level-one；4) local magnitude of stress is high, and occurs being caused by the factor
Country rock plastic deformation, deflection influence TBM normal construction driving when, to country rock driving estimation of stability drop level-one；Hard rock
In layer, tunnel indicates that crustal stress magnitude is high because buried depth is excessive, when Rc/ σ max < 7；Because tunnel surrounding plasticity becomes caused by crustal stress
Shape increases TBM resistance, when forward speed is obviously slowed down (less than the 60% of normal speed) under normal boring parameter, indicates
Deflection influences TBM normal construction driving；Rc is uniaxial saturated compressive strength of rock (MPa), and σ max is vertical hole line direction
Maximum initial field stress value (MPa).
The secondary cause that the above preferred embodiment tunnels Stability Classification by will affect country rock is examined as the remarks of step S3
Consider, downshift processing is directly carried out under specific condition, avoid under normal condition excessively complicated deterministic process and is excessively joined
Several interference.
Due to judging the complexity of the combined situation between parameter, easily there are some special circumstances when in use in table 4.According to reality
It tramples, processing mode when having obtained the sequencing of following each parameter of judgement and having occurred inconsistent.
Specifically, if country rock driving stability is I grade, and when judge driving complexity, occurring by rock in step S4
Wearability with pass through push away more inconsistent than determining evaluation result when, select the evaluation result determined by rock abrasivity.
Specifically, if country rock driving stability is II grade, and when judge driving complexity, occurring by rock in step S4
Stone wearability with pass through push away more inconsistent than determining evaluation result when, select to tunnel the poor level-one of suitability as evaluation result.
Preferably, it in step S4, if judged according to corresponding driving complexity index, passes through and pushes away than beyond table 4
Middle corresponding column range then carries out step S1~S3 again and is classified again to country rock driving stability.
Claims (6)
1. being used for the double-shielded TBM tunneling construction method of ground consisting of hard rock, which is characterized in that including double shields according to ground consisting of hard rock
TBM country rock tunnels suitability classification come the step of instructing tunneling construction；
The process of the double-shielded TBM country rock driving suitability classification of the ground consisting of hard rock is as follows:
S1, the rock strength of double-shielded TBM construction part is divided by table 1, and determines rock strength scoring a；
Table 1:
S2, the rock integrality of double-shielded TBM construction part is divided by table 2, and determines rock integrality scoring b；
Table 2:
S3, according to formula c=a+2b, determine that the rock quality of double-shielded TBM construction part scores c substantially, and complete pair by table 3
The country rock of double-shielded TBM construction part tunnels Stability Classification；
Table 3:
S4, Stability Classification and driving complexity index of correlation are tunneled according to country rock, by table 4 by double shields of ground consisting of hard rock
TBM country rock driving suitability be judged as be suitable for, conveniently, suitability is poor and suitability is poor, and respectively use capitalization A, B, C
It is indicated with D；
Table 4:
2. being used for the double-shielded TBM tunneling construction method of ground consisting of hard rock as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: according to S3
Remarks are modified the country rock driving Stability Classification of double-shielded TBM construction part in step S3；
S3 remarks: 1) when structural plane move towards stablize occur with tunnel axis angle less than 20 °, estimation of stability is tunneled to country rock
Level-one drops；2) when structural plane inclination angle greater than 80 ° or less than 20 ° and when appearance cavern as caused by the factor collapses, to country rock
It tunnels estimation of stability and drops level-one；3) when underground water development, and there is country rock softening transform, landslide etc. as caused by the factor no
When stabilization, level-one is dropped to country rock driving estimation of stability；4) local magnitude of stress is high, and occurs enclosing as caused by the factor
Rock plastic deformation when deflection influences TBM normal construction driving, drops level-one to country rock driving estimation of stability.
3. being used for the double-shielded TBM tunneling construction method of ground consisting of hard rock as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: step
In S4, when judge, Stability Classification Preliminary division is first tunneled according to country rock, further according to the progress of corresponding driving complexity index
It determines.
4. being used for the double-shielded TBM tunneling construction method of ground consisting of hard rock as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: step S4
In, if country rock driving stability is I grade, and when judging driving complexity, occur being pushed away by rock abrasivity and passing through than determining
When evaluation result is inconsistent, the evaluation result determined by rock abrasivity is selected.
5. being used for the double-shielded TBM tunneling construction method of ground consisting of hard rock as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: step S4
In, if country rock driving stability is II grade, and when judging driving complexity, occur being pushed away by rock abrasivity and passing through than determining
When evaluation result is inconsistent, the level-one for selecting driving suitability poor is as evaluation result.
6. being used for the double-shielded TBM tunneling construction method of ground consisting of hard rock as described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that: step
In S4, if judged according to corresponding driving complexity index, passes through and push away than beyond column range is corresponded in table 4, then again
Step S1~S3 is carried out to be classified country rock driving stability again.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110675092A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-10 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Broken stratum TBM (tunnel boring machine) blocking risk early warning method based on torsion-thrust ratio |
| CN111855961A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-30 | 中南大学 | Rock mass drilling quality detection method, drilling machine, server and storage medium |
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| CN111855961B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2021-10-26 | 中南大学 | Rock mass drilling quality detection method, drilling machine, server and storage medium |
| CN113642082A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-12 | 上海交通大学 | A-CNN method and system for predicting TBM utilization rate |
| CN113642082B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2024-04-09 | 上海交通大学 | A-CNN method and system for predicting TBM utilization rate |
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