CN110331982B - Shield tunnel protection device and method for penetrating through sand coating on karst region - Google Patents
Shield tunnel protection device and method for penetrating through sand coating on karst region Download PDFInfo
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- CN110331982B CN110331982B CN201910611102.XA CN201910611102A CN110331982B CN 110331982 B CN110331982 B CN 110331982B CN 201910611102 A CN201910611102 A CN 201910611102A CN 110331982 B CN110331982 B CN 110331982B
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/02—Supporting means, e.g. shuttering, for filling-up materials
- E21F15/04—Stowing mats; Goaf wire netting; Partition walls
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a shield tunnel protection device penetrating through a sand coating on a karst area, which is characterized in that: the application environment of the shield tunnel protection structure is a karst collapse area covered with a sand layer (1), and the shield tunnel protection structure penetrating through the sand layer covered on the karst area comprises the following components: a partition wall (4), a wall bottom grouting curtain (5) and grouting belts (6) are fully paved between the walls; the method comprises the steps of arranging partition walls on two sides of a shield tunnel, grouting the lower parts of the partition walls to form a seepage-isolating curtain, and grouting soluble rocks between the partition walls of the tunnel in a full-paving mode to fill karst cave on the lower parts of the tunnel. The protection measures fill the karst cave, improve the strength of the filler in the karst cave, meet the bearing capacity of a permanent tunnel structure, isolate the tunnel from peripheral stratum, obstruct the internal and external hydraulic connection, avoid the risk of collapse, ensure the safety of the construction period and the operation period of the shield tunnel, and isolate the interaction between the tunnel and the isolation piles or the engineering outside the wall.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of shield tunnels, and particularly relates to a shield tunnel protection device and method for penetrating through a sand-coated layer on a karst region.
Background
At present, tunnels in the domestic subway section pass through karst areas, most of the conditions are that the upper part of soluble rock is a cohesive soil stratum and a non-sandy stratum, the collapse problem of the karst areas cannot occur, and the common karst treatment scheme only carries out filling treatment on karst holes in a certain range of the tunnels, so that the safety requirements of tunnel structures in shield construction and operation periods can be met.
If a karst treatment scheme of a non-karst subsidence area is adopted for the subsidence area, only karst cave in a certain range of the tunnel is filled, large displacement and damage of the tunnel can still be caused in the karst subsidence area of an untreated area, the safety of the tunnel structure cannot be ensured, and the result is disastrous.
Disclosure of Invention
The shield tunnel passes through the construction in the sand layer on the soluble rock, and can cause great disturbance to passing through stratum in the tunneling process, and the sand layer can flow into the soluble rock karst cave to cause stratum collapse, and simultaneously causes the accident that the shield machine knocks into the head or deviates from the central line left and right, and the difficulty of rectifying again is big, possibly causes the tunnel axis to overrun, can not satisfy the driving operation limit requirement of design. Therefore, the quality of karst treatment directly determines the safety of shield construction and tunnel operation stages.
Aiming at least one of the defects or improvement demands in the prior art, aiming at the condition of a karst subsidence area shield tunnel covered with a sand layer, the invention provides a safe and effective karst treatment protection structure and method.
The tunnel protection measure of the karst subsidence area fills the karst cave, improves the strength of the filler in the karst cave, meets the bearing capacity of a permanent tunnel structure, isolates the tunnel from surrounding stratum, blocks the internal and external hydraulic connection, avoids the risk of subsidence, ensures the safety of the construction period and the operation period of the shield tunnel, and isolates the interaction between the tunnel and the engineering outside the isolation wall.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shield tunnel protection device for traversing a sand layer overlying a karst region, the application environment of the shield tunnel protection device being a karst collapse region overlying a sand layer, the shield tunnel protection device for traversing a sand layer overlying a karst region comprising: grouting belts are fully paved between the partition walls and the wall bottom grouting curtain; wherein,,
the partition wall is positioned in the sand layers at two sides of the shield tunnel and used for blocking the inner sand layer, the outer sand layer and the inner water power connection;
the wall bottom grouting curtain is positioned at the bottom of the isolation wall and in bedrock and is used for forming a seepage isolation curtain;
and a plurality of grouting belts are fully paved between the walls and are arranged on the inner sides of the two isolation walls and are positioned in the sand layer and the bedrock so as to fill karst cave at the bottom of the tunnel.
Preferably, the top of the wall body of the partition wall is higher than the collapse influence line.
Preferably, the partition wall is composed of piles and waterproof curtains between piles.
Preferably, the partition wall is a continuous wall.
Preferably, the isolation wall and the wall bottom grouting curtain are integrated after construction.
In order to achieve the above object, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a construction method of a shield tunnel protection structure penetrating through a sand layer overlying a karst region, comprising the steps of:
step one, construction of a wall bottom grouting curtain:
arranging a plurality of rows of grouting holes according to karst development conditions, wherein the grouting holes penetrate through a karst development area in depth, so that internal and external hydraulic connection is blocked, karst cave at the bottom of a wall is filled, and the karst cave is ensured to be densely filled;
step two, construction of a partition wall:
firstly, determining a construction position and a wall top height, and constructing a partition wall above a wall bottom grouting curtain and in sand layers on two sides of a shield tunnel to be constructed, wherein the partition wall and the wall bottom grouting curtain are integrated;
step three, fully paving grouting belts among walls and filling construction:
and (3) fully paving grouting belts between the two isolation walls from the sand layer to the karst area construction wall, and fully paving grouting to fill karst cave at the bottom of the tunnel.
Preferably, in the first step, the grouting hole pitch is determined according to the geological survey result, and quincuncial hole distribution is adopted.
Preferably, in the second step, the construction position is determined according to the design elevation, the trend and the surrounding construction environment of the shield tunnel, and the wall top height of the isolation wall is determined by combining sand layer collapse angle calculation.
Preferably, in the third step, the grouting hole density of the fully paved grouting belt among the walls is determined according to karst development conditions, and the grouting hole depth is required to reach the bottom of the karst cave found by exploration.
Preferably, the depth of the wall bottom grouting curtain is larger than the depth of the fully-paved grouting strip between the walls.
The above-described preferred technical features may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
1. according to the shield tunnel protection device and method for penetrating through the sand coating on the karst region, the isolation walls are arranged on two sides of the shield tunnel, grouting is carried out on the lower parts of the isolation walls to form the isolation curtain, and full-paving grouting is carried out on soluble rocks among the tunnel isolation walls to fill karst caves on the lower parts of the tunnel. The tunnel protection measure of the karst subsidence area fills the karst cave, improves the strength of the filler in the karst cave, meets the bearing capacity of a permanent tunnel structure, isolates the tunnel from surrounding stratum, blocks the internal and external hydraulic connection, avoids the risk of subsidence, ensures the safety of the construction period and the operation period of the shield tunnel, and isolates the interaction between the tunnel and the isolation pile or the engineering outside the wall.
2. The shield tunnel protection device and method for penetrating through the sand layer on the karst region well solves the disaster risk that the sand layer is likely to collapse and leak in the shield construction period and the operation period, and the protection method is reliable in quality, convenient to construct, safe and economical.
3. The shield tunnel protection device and method for crossing the sand layer on the karst region have the advantages of simple and feasible scheme, economy and rationality, mature technology, wide prospect and good benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a shield tunnel protection device traversing a sand layer overlying a karst region according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a shield tunnel protection device for crossing a sand layer on a karst region, comprising isolation walls 4 arranged on two sides of the shield tunnel 3 along the direction of the shield tunnel, a bottom grouting curtain 5 arranged at the bottom of the isolation walls 4, and a plurality of grouting belts 6 fully paved among the walls arranged between the two isolation walls 4.
The partition wall 4 is located in the sand layers 1 on two sides of the shield tunnel 3, construction positions are determined according to the design elevation, trend and surrounding construction environments of the shield tunnel 3, the wall top height of the partition wall 4 is determined by combining sand layer collapse angle calculation, the wall top height is slightly higher than a collapse influence line, and the influence on the tunnel is avoided when the wall collapses outside. The wall bottom grouting curtain 5 is positioned at the bottom of the isolation wall 4, is firstly constructed in advance of the isolation wall 4, and is provided with 2-3 rows of grouting holes according to karst development conditions, the depth of each grouting hole penetrates through a karst development area (the hole distance of each grouting hole is determined according to geological investigation results, quincuncial hole distribution) to block internal and external hydraulic connection, fill a karst cave at the wall bottom, ensure that the karst cave is densely filled, improve bearing capacity, and the isolation wall 4 and the wall bottom grouting curtain 5 are integrated after construction is completed. Curtain grouting is a grouting technology, which uses hydraulic pressure or air pressure to press the solidifiable slurry into a prescribed rock-soil layer through a special grouting drill hole according to the designed concentration, fills up cracks or pores in the rock-soil body, and aims to improve the physical and mechanical properties of a grouting object so as to meet the requirements of various projects.
And (3) fully paving and grouting the bedrock 2 between the two isolation walls 4 to fill a karst cave existing at the bottom of the tunnel, improving the bearing capacity of the bedrock, determining the density of grouting holes according to the karst development condition, and ensuring that the depth of the grouting holes reaches the bottom of the karst cave in exploration. And after all grouting is completed and the grouting is checked to be qualified, the shield tunnel construction can be started.
The method processes the shield construction foundation in the karst development area, and comprises the steps of blocking sand layers on two sides of a shield tunnel 3, grouting karst cave in the influence range of the tunnel, improving the bearing capacity of the foundation, blocking internal and external hydraulic connection, fully paving and grouting karst under the tunnel, and ensuring the safety of tunnel construction and operation processes.
The construction method of the shield tunnel protection device penetrating through the sand coating on the karst region comprises the following steps:
step one, construction of a wall bottom grouting curtain 5:
arranging a plurality of rows of grouting holes according to karst development conditions, determining grouting hole pitch according to geological investigation results by allowing the depth of the grouting holes to penetrate through a karst development area, distributing holes in a quincuncial shape, blocking internal and external hydraulic connection, filling karst cave at the bottom of a wall, and ensuring that the karst cave is densely filled;
step two, construction of the partition wall 4:
firstly, determining a construction position and a wall top height, and constructing a partition wall 4 above a wall bottom grouting curtain 5 and in sand layers 1 on two sides of a shield tunnel 3 to be constructed, wherein the partition wall and the wall bottom grouting curtain 5 are integrated;
step three, fully paving grouting belts 6 among walls and filling construction:
and (3) fully paving grouting belts 6 between the two isolation walls 4 from the sand layer 1 to the karst area construction wall, and fully paving grouting to fill karst cave at the bottom of the tunnel. And after all grouting is completed and the grouting is checked to be qualified, the shield tunnel construction can be started.
Preferably, in the first step, the grouting hole pitch is determined according to the geological survey result, and quincuncial hole distribution is adopted.
Preferably, in the second step, the construction position is determined according to the design elevation, the trend and the surrounding construction environment of the shield tunnel 3, and the wall top height of the partition wall 4 is determined by combining sand subsidence angle calculation.
Preferably, in the third step, the density of grouting holes of the grouting belt 6 fully paved among walls is determined according to karst development conditions, and the depth of the grouting holes needs to reach the bottom of the karst cave found by exploration.
Preferably, the depth of the wall bottom grouting curtain 5 is greater than the depth of the full-spread grouting strip 6 between the walls.
The shield tunnel protection device and method for penetrating through the sand layer on the karst region well solves the disaster risk that the sand layer is likely to collapse and leak in the shield construction period and the operation period, and the protection method is reliable in quality, convenient to construct, safe and economical.
The shield tunnel protection structure and method for crossing the sand layer on the karst region have the advantages of simple and feasible scheme, economy and rationality, mature technology, wide prospect and good benefit.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A shield tunnel protection device crossing a sand layer on a karst area is characterized in that: the application environment of the shield tunnel protection device is a karst collapse area covered with a sand layer (1), and the shield tunnel protection device penetrating through the sand layer covered on the karst area comprises the following components: a partition wall (4), a wall bottom grouting curtain (5) and grouting belts (6) are fully paved between the walls; wherein,,
the partition wall (4) is positioned in the sand layers (1) at two sides of the shield tunnel (3) and used for blocking the inner sand layer, the outer sand layer and the inner water and outer water power connection;
the wall bottom grouting curtain (5) is positioned at the bottom of the isolation wall (4) and in the bedrock (2) and is used for forming a seepage isolation curtain;
the grouting strips (6) are fully paved between the walls and are arranged on the inner sides of the two isolation walls (4) and are positioned in the sand layer (1) and the bedrock (2) so as to fill karst cave at the bottom of the tunnel (3).
2. The shield tunnel protection device for traversing a sand layer overlying a karst region of claim 1, wherein:
the top of the wall body of the isolation wall (4) is higher than the collapse influence line.
3. The shield tunnel protection device for traversing a sand layer overlying a karst region of claim 1, wherein:
the partition wall (4) consists of piles and waterproof curtains between the piles.
4. The shield tunnel protection device for traversing a sand layer overlying a karst region of claim 1, wherein:
the partition wall (4) is a continuous wall.
5. The shield tunnel protection device for traversing a sand layer overlying a karst region of claim 1, wherein:
the isolation wall (4) and the wall bottom grouting curtain (5) are integrated after construction.
6. A method of constructing a shield tunnel protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 across a sand layer overlying a karst region, comprising the steps of:
step one, construction of a wall bottom grouting curtain (5):
arranging a plurality of rows of grouting holes according to karst development conditions, wherein the grouting holes penetrate through a karst development area in depth, so that internal and external hydraulic connection is blocked, karst cave at the bottom of a wall is filled, and the karst cave is ensured to be densely filled;
step two, construction of a partition wall (4):
firstly, determining a construction position and a wall top height, and then constructing a partition wall (4) above a wall bottom grouting curtain (5) and in sand layers (1) on two sides of a shield tunnel (3) to be constructed, wherein the partition wall and the wall bottom grouting curtain (5) are integrated;
step three, fully paving grouting belts (6) among walls and filling construction:
and (3) fully paving a grouting belt (6) between the two isolation walls (4) from the sand layer (1) to the karst area construction wall, and fully paving grouting to fill a karst cave at the bottom of the tunnel.
7. The construction method of the shield tunnel protection device penetrating through the sand coating on the karst region according to claim 6, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps:
in the first step, the grouting hole pitch is determined according to geological investigation results.
8. The construction method of the shield tunnel protection device penetrating through the sand coating on the karst region according to claim 6, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps:
in the second step, the construction position is determined according to the design elevation, the trend and the surrounding construction environment of the shield tunnel (3), and the wall top height of the isolation wall (4) is determined by combining sand layer collapse angle calculation.
9. The construction method of the shield tunnel protection device penetrating through the sand coating on the karst region according to claim 6, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps:
in the third step, the grouting hole density of the grouting belt (6) fully paved among the walls is determined according to karst development conditions, and the grouting hole depth is required to reach the bottom of a karst cave found by exploration.
10. The construction method of the shield tunnel protection device penetrating through the sand coating on the karst region according to claim 9, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps:
the depth of the wall bottom grouting curtain (5) is larger than the depth of the grouting belt (6) fully paved between the walls.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910611102.XA CN110331982B (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | Shield tunnel protection device and method for penetrating through sand coating on karst region |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910611102.XA CN110331982B (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | Shield tunnel protection device and method for penetrating through sand coating on karst region |
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| CN110331982A CN110331982A (en) | 2019-10-15 |
| CN110331982B true CN110331982B (en) | 2023-09-26 |
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| CN111997620A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-11-27 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Grouting construction system and method for karst collapse area |
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