CN110331654A - A kind of bridge structure and its construction method that space is stacked - Google Patents

A kind of bridge structure and its construction method that space is stacked Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110331654A
CN110331654A CN201910690369.2A CN201910690369A CN110331654A CN 110331654 A CN110331654 A CN 110331654A CN 201910690369 A CN201910690369 A CN 201910690369A CN 110331654 A CN110331654 A CN 110331654A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
bridge
pile foundation
slip casting
stacked
pile
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Pending
Application number
CN201910690369.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张鹏
赵腾跃
蔡玮
魏进
李彬伟
李凌宜
姚伟伟
方扶
冯力
李静
王月
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beijing Municipal Administration Road And Bridge Ltd Co
Changan University
Beijing Municipal Road and Bridge Co Ltd
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Beijing Municipal Administration Road And Bridge Ltd Co
Changan University
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing Municipal Administration Road And Bridge Ltd Co, Changan University filed Critical Beijing Municipal Administration Road And Bridge Ltd Co
Publication of CN110331654A publication Critical patent/CN110331654A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01CCONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C1/00Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
    • E01C1/04Road crossings on different levels; Interconnections between roads on different levels
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01DCONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01DCONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2/00Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure
    • E01D2/04Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure of the box-girder type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of space disclosed by the invention stacked bridge structure and its construction method; main structure is bridge type structure; underground pipe gallery is set between the pile foundation of bridge lower part; convey the water, electricity, gas etc. between city; underground pipe gallery is arranged between two cushion cap of underground and two pile foundations, when solving land used difficulty, and building piping lane; the pile foundation part of two sides carries out protective effect to construction, prevents foundation pit collapse;The common vehicle travel space of plane first layer formed above, the rail vehicle of the middle cross beam second layer formed above travels space, the highway of third layer is formed at the top of upper bent cap simultaneously, meet the traveling of High speed vehicle, the bridge structure constitutes top-down four-level space altogether, the roading that can satisfy most cities main line and branch line improves the traffic efficiency of urban transportation;Stacked structure is used simultaneously, is reduced for area, is decreased construction cost.

Description

A kind of bridge structure and its construction method that space is stacked
Technical field
The present invention relates to bridge construction technical field, specially a kind of bridge structure that space is stacked and its construction party Method.
Background technique
With the rapid development of global economy, transport development all over the world is like a raging fire, and each city has also started newly The traffic base of one wheel builds tide, underground pipe gallery structure is being promoted, especially in some sponge cities and some friendships The big city of flux, the problem of being encountered by some challenges, such as construction land are insufficient, construction is so that urban transportation is paralysed.
How in an orderly manner using the underground space, quickening transport development efficiency and reasonable Arrangement pipe gallery, one is had become Global problem.Due to the complexity of its process of construction, each construction link is mutually limited, and hampers the development of transport development. The especially appearance of the new transportations mode such as high-speed rail, light rail, so that the construction of pervious traffic base is out of step with the times a little.
It is primarily present in present traffic base process of construction: firstly, the ordinary road in city, light rail, underground integrated pipe Corridor and highway are respectively constructed, and cause to build cost huge, while also being substantially increased land used cost, are reduced city dweller Living land, secondly, avoiding interfering with each other in the intersectional region of route, it is necessary to after the completion of waiting a side to build, another party into Row is built, and is substantially prolonged building time in this way, is increased building cost.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of bridge structure that space is stacked and its construction party Method is used for interurban communication network configuration, solves to influence each other during urban transportation infrastructure, complicated construction technique and knot Structure safety issue.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of bridge structure that space is stacked, two groups of pile foundations being parallel to each other including being built in underground, pile foundation Top pour cushion cap, bridge pier is poured at the top of cushion cap, at least one layer of horizontal middle cross beam is set between two groups of bridge piers, in The two sides of crossbeam and bridge pier are connected, and set up upper cover beam at the top of two rows of bridge piers;
Underground pipe gallery is set between two groups of pile foundations, the ground level at the top of underground pipe gallery is laid with city road Road, the top of middle cross beam are laid with track, and the top of upper bent cap is laid with Expressway Road structure.
Preferably, the pile foundation is rotary digging Primed pile group basis.
Preferably, the cushion cap is lower cushion cap.
Preferably, the Expressway Road structure is made of prefabricated beam type Pavement mosaic.
Preferably, the number of plies of wherein the middle cross beam is layer 2-4.
Preferably, it is provided with stabilization zone around the pile foundation, for reinforcing to pile foundation and its all soil.
The present invention also provides a kind of construction methods of bridge structure that above-mentioned space is stacked, comprising the following steps:
Two groups of S1, construction pile foundations, every group of pile foundation include several pile foundations, and pour at the top of each pile foundation Cushion cap;
S2, grouting and reinforcing is carried out to pile foundation and its week soil;
S3, bridge pier is poured at the top of each cushion cap, form two groups of bridge piers;
S4, the pouring molding middle cross beam between two groups of bridge piers;
S5, the bent cap in the top pouring molding of two groups of bridge piers;
It constructs between S6, two groups of pile foundations underground pipe gallery, while being laid with track at the top of middle cross beam, and upper The top of bent cap is laid with highway structure.
Preferably, the specific method is as follows for grouting and reinforcing in step S2:
S2.1, the angle that injected hole cloth hole site and injected hole and horizontal plane are calculated according to the vertical section of pile foundation;
S2.2, measuring go out the position of injected hole;
S2.3, it is punched using drill-pouring one slip casting machine;
S2.4, configuration slurries;
S2.5, the slurries for configuring step S2.4 are injected around column foundation by injected hole.
Preferably, grouting sequence is that the specific method is as follows for slip casting in step S2.5:
First to the slip casting of pile foundation periphery, and forms ring seal shell and surround pile foundation in the housing, then to stake The intermediate of basis carries out slip casting;
The sequence of peripheral slip casting is to carry out slip casting by the outside of pile foundation lateral in pile foundation;
The slip casting of pile foundation periphery and the intermediate slip casting of pile foundation are all made of the mode of delamination pour slurry from top to bottom.
Preferably, in the delamination pour slurry, every layer of slip casting is with a thickness of 0.5m.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
A kind of stacked bridge structure in space provided by the invention, main structure uses bridge type structure, under bridge Underground pipe gallery is set between the pile foundation in portion, the land used for solving pipe gallery is difficult, and first layer is formed on ground level Common vehicle travel space, the rail vehicle that the second layer is formed on middle cross beam top travel space, while on the top of upper bent cap Portion forms the highway of third layer, meets running at high speed for motor vehicle, and it is dry which can satisfy most cities The roading of line and branch line improves the traffic efficiency of urban transportation;Using stacked structure, reduce land area, Reduce construction cost, meanwhile, the bridge structure is good using pile foundation structure stability, and strong antijamming capability depends on the bridge The traffic route of structure, avoids settlement issues, and traffic route is more stable.
The construction method of the stacked bridge structure in above-mentioned space provided by the invention, first construction pile foundation are then right The week soil of pile foundation carries out grouting and reinforcing, and then, in the top of column foundation construction lower cushion cap, lower cushion cap is able to bear in a part In the top pouring construction bridge pier of lower cushion cap, then middle cross beam is arranged in the load of portion's bridge between bridge pier, and middle cross beam is poured with bridge pier Type is built up, increases middle transverse beam structure in conventional bridge structure, finally the bent cap in the pouring molding of bridge pier, completes the master of bridge Body structure, finally, underground pipe gallery of constructing between column foundation, while in the top of middle cross beam construction track, and upper The top construction highway of bent cap.Three-decker is constructed simultaneously, and is not interfere with each other, and operation form is flexible, speed of application at It is promoted again.
Grouting and reinforcing technology is used to column foundation, before underground pipe gallery excavation, grouting and reinforcing is carried out to pile peripheral earth Measure improves the bearing capacity of bridge pile foundation, eliminates underground pipe gallery to compensate because piping lane excavates the influence to bridge structure Excavate the influence to superstructure.Underground pipe gallery is arranged between two cushion cap of underground and two pile foundations, solves land used difficulty, And when building piping lane, the pile foundation part of two sides carries out protective effect to construction, prevents foundation pit collapse.Middle cross beam and prefabricated beam Equal bridge pier uses pouring molding, improves stability and the safety of main body bridge.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the front view of bridge structure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the total structure bridge of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the grouting and reinforcing schematic diagram of pile foundation week soil of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the arrangement schematic diagram of grouting pipeline in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view of bridge pier of the present invention and multi-column pier foundation;
Fig. 6 is the vertical cross-section diagram of underground pipe gallery of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the cross section of prefabricated beam of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the front view of another embodiment of the present invention bridge structure.
In figure: 1- middle cross beam, 2- cushion cap, 3- bridge pier, 4- pile foundation, 5- underground pipe gallery, the prefabricated beam type road surface 6-, 7- Track, 8- slip casting path, 9- pile peripheral earth stabilization zone, 10- slip casting layout points, 11- piping lane bracing reinforcement area, the upper bent cap of 12-.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, described to be explanation of the invention rather than limit It is fixed.
Refering to fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of bridge structure that space is stacked is parallel to each other including being embedded in two groups of underground Pile foundation 4, every group of pile foundation include along several spaced pile foundations of bridge length direction, between two groups of pile foundations 4 Underground pipe gallery 5 is set, and the top of pile foundation 4 pours cushion cap 2, and cushion cap 2 is located at ground level hereinafter, pouring at the top of cushion cap 2 Bridge pier 3 is built, two groups of bridge piers are formed, level pours middle cross beam 1 between two groups of bridge piers, and middle cross beam and bridge pier are connected, and are located at bridge The middle part of pier 3, the first sheaf space formed between middle cross beam 1 and ground level need to meet the driving conditions of vehicle.
Upper bent cap 12 is poured at the top of two groups of bridge piers, the second sheaf space is formed between upper bent cap 12 and middle cross beam 1, in The top of crossbeam 1 is laid with track 7, and the second sheaf space need to meet the driving conditions of rail traffic vehicles.
The top Expressway Road structure of upper bent cap 12, for running at high speed for motor vehicle.
A kind of stacked bridge structure in space provided by the invention, main structure is bridge type structure, in bridge lower part Pile foundation between underground pipe gallery is set, convey the water, electricity, gas etc. between city, underground pipe gallery is arranged in underground two and holds Between platform and two pile foundations, when solving land used difficulty, and building piping lane, the pile foundation part of two sides carries out protection work to construction With preventing foundation pit collapse;The common vehicle travel space of plane first layer formed above, the middle cross beam second layer formed above Rail vehicle travel space, while the top of upper bent cap formed third layer highway, meet the row of High speed vehicle It sails, which constitutes top-down four-level space altogether, can satisfy the road rule of most cities main line and branch line It draws, improves the traffic efficiency of urban transportation;Simultaneously use stacked structure, reduce for area, decrease construction at This.
It is preferred that rotary digging Primed pile group basis of the pile foundation 4 using 3*2, if Fig. 4 shows, selection of pile foundation rotary digging Piles for Friction Piles, Such pile foundation construction speed is fast, and construction effect is good.
It is preferred that cushion cap 2 is low cushion cap, the top bridge load of a part can be undertaken.
Every row includes several pile foundations, several pile foundations are arranged along the extending direction interval of bridge.
The present invention also provides the construction methods of the stacked bridge structure in above-mentioned space, comprising the following steps:
Two groups of S1, construction pile foundations being parallel to each other, and in the top construction bearing platform 2 of pile foundation, and form two groups of cushion caps;
Pile foundation uses the multi-column pier foundation of low cushion cap 3*2, so that the stability of bridge main body and safety are guaranteed, into And guarantee the stability of superstructure driving.
S2, grouting and reinforcing is carried out to the week soil of pile foundation;
Refering to Fig. 3, the specific method is as follows:
Influence when to eliminate construction underground pipe gallery to bridge pier carries out slip casting to pile peripheral earth before excavation of foundation pit and adds Gu.
Refering to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, according to the vertical disconnected cloth hole site for calculating injected hole, according to quincuncial arrangement Grouting Pipe position, meter Each axis bore angle is calculated and controls, the section that conflicts with pile foundation squeezes into length according to piping lane buried depth appropriate adjustment slip casting length of tube for the first time It is not less than 0.4m apart from pile foundation, i.e. the outer lateral extent of the lower end of injected hole and pile foundation is less than 0.4m.
Grouting sequence is carried out by cushion cap Inside To Outside, and two cushion cap injected holes are staggeredly arranged.Because slip casting height is larger, Slip casting carries out method using branch, preferential to carry out slip casting within the scope of the 3.5m of bottom, and interval time is not less than 8 hours, rushes with pile foundation Prominent region slip casting pipe end and piling strtucture distance are not less than 0.7m.
Slip casting is carried out using punching slip casting all-in-one machine, and Specific construction technique is as follows: surveying setting-out → steel tube drilling → is drilled into Design hole depth → cement slurry configuration → cement injection → carries out tube drawing slip casting after reaching design pressure.
S2.2, surveying setting-out
Levelling of the land is carried out before construction, using total station, measuring goes out slip casting hole location as required, and along hole location excavate groove and Catch pit.
S2.3, bored grouting hole are carried out using drill-pouring one slip casting machine, and A42mm steel pipe slip casting, injected hole can be used Spacing is 1.871m, pitch of holes 1.25m, and using quincunx arrangement, when drilling, drilling machine keeps horizontal, guarantees the gradient of stake Less than design requirement value.When drilling is had any problem, water-soaked drill hole inner wall soil can be used, with benefit drilling.
S2.4, slurry configurations
Slurries select cement slurry, and the ratio of mud uses 1.0, and cement uses P.O.42.5 ordinary portland cement, as needed, Accelerator, water-reducing agent and anti-bleed agent can be added in slurries mixing.
Slurry should carry out pressure injection after blender stirs, and should ceaselessly be slowly stirred, stir during slip casting The time is mixed less than the slurries presetting period.
S2.5, slip casting
Grouting sequence be it is first intermediate behind periphery, jump hole every row and construct, when slip casting uses delamination pour slurry, and every thickness degree is excellent Be selected as 0.5m, pour down one layer after initial set, every time on pull out or lower brills height is 0.5m.
Grouting pressure should be controlled using 0.4MPa, and design requirement is not achieved if there is pressure during slip casting, runs The serious problems of slurry or grout leaking, can take and change Kong Zuoye, the after-teeming again after slurries initial set.
Monitoring and feedback slip casting site boundary situation of change should be kept a close eye on during slip casting.
S3, it constructs bridge pier 3 at the top of two groups of cushion caps, forms two groups of bridge piers;
The bridge pier uses rectangular pier, and reserves cable tray in the two sides of bridge pier, is convenient for track construction and height highway The cabling of construction.
S4, construct between two groups of bridge piers middle cross beam 1, middle cross beam 1 and bridge pier pouring molding;
The middle cross beam number of plies is multilayer, is 1 layer of middle cross beam in Fig. 1, is laid with light rail at top, is in fig. 8 two layers Middle cross beam, one layer is used to be laid with light rail, and the other side can be laid with busway, also can according to need horizontal in designed, designed The number of plies of beam.
S5, upper bent cap 12, upper bent cap 12 and 3 pouring molding of bridge pier are laid at the top of two groups of bridge piers;
Concrete construction method is as follows, and prefabricated beam 6 and bridge pier use pouring molding, improve the stability of bridge entirety with Safety provides safety guarantee for lower layer space driving.
Construction underground pipe gallery 5 between S6, two groups of pile foundations, while it being laid with track 7 at the top of middle cross beam 1, and In the top of upper bent cap 12 construction highway structure;
After the completion of underground pipe gallery 5 is constructed, in Horizon surface construction urban road.
Refering to Fig. 6, the construction method of underground pipe gallery 5 is specific as follows:
Firstly, the excavation of foundation pit between two groups of pile foundations, then carries out supporting, and the assembling reinforcement in foundation pit to foundation pit, Support template is set in the outside of reinforcing bar again, finally does waterproof material and compacting, completes the construction of underground pipe gallery.
Refering to Fig. 7, highway structure uses the pavement structure of prefabricated beam 6, prefabricated beam type 6 is laid on upper bent cap 12 Top, and the affiliated facility for highway of constructing.
A kind of construction method of the stacked bridge structure in space provided by the invention, first construction pile foundation are then right The week soil of pile foundation carries out grouting and reinforcing, when building underground pipe gallery, inevitably generates shadow to main body bridge structure It rings, leads to the problem of sedimentation or inclination, influence its use, it is right before underground pipe gallery excavation using grouting and reinforcing technology Pile peripheral earth carries out grouting and reinforcing measure, to compensate because piping lane excavates the influence to bridge structure, improves the carrying of bridge pile foundation Ability eliminates influence of the underground pipe gallery excavation to superstructure.
Then, in the top of column foundation construction lower cushion cap, lower cushion cap is able to bear the load of a part of top bridge, under The top construction bridge pier of cushion cap, then middle cross beam is set between bridge pier, middle cross beam and bridge pier pouring molding, in conventional bridge structure Superstructure is arranged using middle transverse beam structure in middle increase middle transverse beam structure, this greatly simplifies difficulty of construction.Finally in bridge Bent cap in the pouring molding of pier, completes the main structure of bridge, and bridge main body uses pouring molding, improves the steady of bridge main body Solidity improves the safety of driving.
Finally, underground pipe gallery of constructing between column foundation, while in the top of middle cross beam construction track, and upper The top construction highway of bent cap.
The stacked bridge structure in the space of present aspect, main structure be beam bridge structure, other underground pipe galleries and The adjuncts such as ground double-layer structure object all depend on the arrangement construction of this main body bridge structure.Using basement one and two layers on the ground Design structure, basement one are underground pipe gallery, and ground floor is rail mounted structure, and F2/B2 is Expressway Road knot Structure.Construction method of the invention is using main body bridge portion of first constructing, after main structure reaches requirement, in middle cross beam and upper bent cap Protection under, complete the construction of underground pipe gallery, track construction and highway and its corresponding road surface affiliated facility, three-layered node Structure is constructed simultaneously, and is not interfere with each other, and operation form is flexible, and speed of application is promoted at double;Meanwhile it can satisfy most cities The roading of city's main line and branch line, and the available guarantee of safety in work progress and subsequent use, eliminate danger The occurrence of, have more realizability and working security.
Middle cross beam and prefabricated beam use pouring molding with bridge pier respectively, improve the stability and safety of main body bridge Property, while underground pipe gallery being arranged between two cushion cap of underground and two pile foundations, solve land used difficulty, and build piping lane When, the pile foundation part of two sides carries out protective effect to construction, prevents foundation pit collapse.
The above content is merely illustrative of the invention's technical idea, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all to press According to technical idea proposed by the present invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme each falls within claims of the present invention Protection scope within.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of bridge structure that space is stacked, which is characterized in that two groups of pile foundations being parallel to each other including being built in underground Plinth (4) pours cushion cap (2) at the top of pile foundation (4), bridge pier (3) is poured at the top of cushion cap (2), are set between two groups of bridge piers The middle cross beam (1) of at least one layer of level is set, the two sides and bridge pier (3) of middle cross beam (1) are connected, on the top of two rows of bridge piers is set up Bent cap (12);
Underground pipe gallery (5) are set between two groups of pile foundations (4), the ground level at the top of underground pipe gallery (5) is laid with city The top of city's road, middle cross beam (1) is laid with track (7), and the top of upper bent cap (12) is laid with Expressway Road structure.
2. the stacked bridge structure in space according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pile foundation (4) is rotary digging filling Infuse multi-column pier foundation.
3. the stacked bridge structure in space according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cushion cap (2) is lower cushion cap.
4. the stacked bridge structure in space according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Expressway Road structure by Prefabricated beam type road surface (6) splicing composition.
5. the stacked bridge structure in space according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the number of plies of wherein the middle cross beam is 2-4 Layer.
6. the stacked bridge structure in space according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be provided with around the pile foundation Stabilization zone, for being reinforced to pile foundation and its all soil.
7. a kind of according to claim 1 to the construction method of the stacked bridge structure in any one of 6 spaces, feature exists In, comprising the following steps:
Two groups of S1, construction pile foundations, every group of pile foundation include several pile foundations, and pour cushion cap at the top of each pile foundation (2);
S2, grouting and reinforcing is carried out to pile foundation and its week soil;
S3, it is poured at the top of each cushion cap bridge pier (3), forms two groups of bridge piers;
S4, the pouring molding middle cross beam (1) between two groups of bridge piers;
S5, the bent cap (12) in the top pouring molding of two groups of bridge piers;
It constructs underground pipe gallery (5) between S6, two groups of pile foundations, while being laid with track (7) at the top of middle cross beam (1), with And highway structure is laid at the top of upper bent cap (12).
8. the construction method of the stacked bridge structure in space according to claim 7, which is characterized in that slip casting in step S2 The specific method is as follows for reinforcing:
S2.1, the angle that injected hole cloth hole site and injected hole and horizontal plane are calculated according to the vertical section of pile foundation;
S2.2, measuring go out the position of injected hole;
S2.3, it is punched using drill-pouring one slip casting machine;
S2.4, configuration slurries;
S2.5, the slurries for configuring step S2.4 are injected around column foundation (4) by injected hole.
9. the construction method of the stacked bridge structure in space according to claim 8, which is characterized in that grouting sequence is, The specific method is as follows for slip casting in step S2.5:
First to the slip casting of pile foundation periphery, and forms ring seal shell and surround pile foundation in the housing, then to pile foundation Intermediate carry out slip casting;
The sequence of peripheral slip casting is to carry out slip casting by the outside of pile foundation lateral in pile foundation;
The slip casting of pile foundation periphery and the intermediate slip casting of pile foundation are all made of the mode of delamination pour slurry from top to bottom.
10. the construction method of the stacked bridge structure in space according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the layering note In slurry, every layer of slip casting is with a thickness of 0.5m.
CN201910690369.2A 2019-07-25 2019-07-29 A kind of bridge structure and its construction method that space is stacked Pending CN110331654A (en)

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CN201910677911 2019-07-25

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CN110904756A (en) * 2019-12-13 2020-03-24 华北水利水电大学 Three-layer bridge and construction method thereof
CN110904756B (en) * 2019-12-13 2021-08-03 华北水利水电大学 Construction method of three-layer bridge
CN114718115A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-07-08 中铁四局集团第五工程有限公司 Underground passage middle partition wall structure utilizing bridge pile foundation and construction method

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