CN110330399A - A kind of fireworks and firecrackers composite material and preparation method and application - Google Patents

A kind of fireworks and firecrackers composite material and preparation method and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110330399A
CN110330399A CN201910664935.2A CN201910664935A CN110330399A CN 110330399 A CN110330399 A CN 110330399A CN 201910664935 A CN201910664935 A CN 201910664935A CN 110330399 A CN110330399 A CN 110330399A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
fireworks
firecrackers
composite material
carbonate
quick
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Pending
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CN201910664935.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王琛
徐高升
詹晨博
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Hunan Ronghui New Materials Co Ltd
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Hunan Ronghui New Materials Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910664935.2A priority Critical patent/CN110330399A/en
Publication of CN110330399A publication Critical patent/CN110330399A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B43/00Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups C06B25/00 - C06B41/00

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of fireworks and firecrackers composite material and preparation method and applications, the composite material is by carbonate, carrier, metal oxide, adhesive, it is prepared by processes such as mixing, granulation, drying, screenings, the novel environment protection firework firecracker of one kind can be prepared and open quick-fried medicine, widely used sulphur in quick-fried medicine is opened instead of more than one thousand years fireworks and firecrackers, it greatly reduces in production preparation process due to using safety accident caused by sulphur, and eliminate environmental pollution caused by sulfide, preparation process is simple, cheap.

Description

A kind of fireworks and firecrackers composite material and preparation method and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fireworks and crackers, in particular to a kind of fireworks and firecrackers composite material and preparation method And application.
Background technique
Fireworks and firecrackers is born in China, and succession brings huge economic benefit so far for China.However, since fireworks are quick-fried There is accident when bamboo is during making, setting off, and firecracker of setting off fireworks pollutes the environment to a certain extent, pacifies Complete and environmental protection becomes fireworks and firecrackers industry major issue urgently to be resolved.
Sulphur is widely used in opening in quick-fried medicine for fireworks and firecrackers.The burning point of sulphur is low and thermal sensitivity containing sulphur preparation is high;In preparation, dress During medicine, sulphur easily accumulates electrostatic, forms electric spark breakdown and opens quick-fried medicine, medicament unexpected burning is caused even to explode.Thus, Manufacture and assembly open quick-fried cyclome section as process most dangerous in fireworks and firecrackers production.In addition, the combustion product sulfur dioxide of sulphur It is one of the ingredient of acid rain, causes environmental pollution;Therefore, fireworks can be improved to a certain extent by developing a kind of no sulphur and opening quick-fried medicine The safety of firecracker production, the adverse effect caused by environment when reducing accident rate, while reducing fireworks firecracker firing.Without sulphur ring The research and development that guarantor opens quick-fried medicine are of great significance to development, the upgrading of fireworks and firecrackers industry with preparation.
The development of no sulphur pyrotechnic composition is concentrated mainly on the black powder with no sulphur propellant powder substitution sulfur-bearing, and no sulphur opens quick-fried medicine in state It is rarely reported in inside and outside document.It now, the use of the formula for opening quick-fried medicine is generally potassium hyperchlorate, aluminium powder, sulphur in fireworks and firecrackers Mixture.Sulfur-free firecracker medicine has been invented by 2014 Nian Yansong China et al.: potassium hyperchlorate, aluminium silver powder, charcoal are composition material, with 55: 43:2 is its quality than component, and because of the selling at exorbitant prices of wherein aluminium silver powder, formula is without economy;Liu Zhongxian in 2016 et al. Have developed non-sulphur firecracker components, including following components: oxidant, silver powder, titanium-iron powder and/or ferrosilicon powder, wherein oxidant is selected from Potassium hyperchlorate mixes the composite oxidant or potassium hyperchlorate of composition with barium nitrate, and barium nitrate hygroscopicity is excessively high, the medicament storage phase Limit is restricted.These medicaments are showed no to be widely used in fireworks and firecrackers enterprise.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fireworks and firecrackers composite material, and alternative fireworks and firecrackers is opened Sulphur used in quick-fried medicine, be made it is novel open quick-fried medicine, tradition can be substantially reduced open in quick-fried medicine the production as caused by sulphur and pacify Full accident, and solve the pollution problem of sulfide produced by sulphur is seted off.
For achieving the above object, specific technical solution is as follows:
A kind of fireworks and firecrackers composite material, including following components: main material, auxiliary material and binder, the main material include carbon Hydrochlorate and carrier, the auxiliary material are metal oxide;Described adhesive includes organic bond and inorganic bond;
The mass content of the carbonate is 70%~80%, and the mass content of carrier is 20%~25%, metal oxidation The mass content of object is 0%~5%.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the additional amount of the inorganic bond be the main material and the auxiliary material quality it The 1%~10% of sum.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the additional amount of the organic bond be the main material and the auxiliary material quality it The 1%~5% of sum.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the carbonate in calcium carbonate, basic magnesium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate one Kind, two or three;When using two or three of material blends, mixed proportion is arbitrary proportion mixing.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the carrier is in glass bead, plant fiber, cenosphere and floating bead It is at least one.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the metal oxide is selected from one of di-iron trioxide, copper oxide or two Kind.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the organic bond is selected from resin and/or polysaccharide, for example, the resin can With selected from polyvinyl alcohol resin and/or phenolic resin etc., the polysaccharide can be in dextrin, starch ether and cellulose at least It is a kind of.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the inorganic bond is sodium metasilicate.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the density of fireworks and firecrackers composite material is 0.8-1.5g/cm3, such as 0.85-1.3g/cm3
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned fireworks and firecrackers composite material.
Specific technical solution is as follows:
The preparation method of above-mentioned fireworks and firecrackers composite material, comprising the following steps:
(1) carbonate is uniformly mixed with metal oxide according to said ratio spare;
(2) according to the proportion, adhesive is added into carrier to be uniformly mixed, the mixture that investment step (1) prepares carries out Granulation, drying, can be obtained the fireworks and firecrackers composite material.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the preparation method further include: screened after drying to particle, obtain qualification Product, finished product packing.
The third object of the present invention is to provide above-mentioned fireworks and firecrackers composite material to open the application in quick-fried medicine.
In wherein some embodiments, above-mentioned fireworks and firecrackers composite material and other auxiliary materials can further prepare out quick-fried medicine. It is preferably, based on parts by weight, described that open quick-fried medicine include following components: oxidant (such as perchlorate and/or nitrate;Again If perchlorate is potassium hyperchlorate, nitrate is barium nitrate) 40~60 parts by weight, metal combustible (such as aluminium powder or magnalium close Bronze or two kinds of material blends) 15~35 parts by weight, 5~35 parts by weight of composite material.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Composite material uses glass bead or plant by mixing preparation, granulation, the technique for drying screening, finished product packing Fiber or cenosphere or floating bead do carrier, and adhesive is added and is fused together carbonate and metal oxide, solve because The difference in specific gravity of material, cause simple mixing it is uneven, easily layering the problem of, and play the role of adjusting finished product density, keep it suitable The use of quick-fried medicine is opened for fireworks and firecrackers.Quick-fried medicine is opened using novel firework firecracker made of composite material, instead of traditional fireworks Firecracker opens the sulphur in quick-fried medicine, avoids in production preparation process due to using safety accident caused by sulphur, realizes production Technique improves production security without vulcanization;Reduce the pollution for setting off middle sulphur and sulfide to environment, embodies no sulphur environmental protection The implementation and popularizing idea of fireworks, and preparation process is simple, it is cheap.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of composite material preparation process provided by the invention.
Fig. 2-3 is the photo for the composite material that 1-5 of the embodiment of the present invention is obtained.
Fig. 4 is the photo for opening quick-fried medicine made by the composite material that obtains using 1-5 of the embodiment of the present invention without sulphur.
Specific embodiment
Further detailed description is done to technical solution of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.The following example It is merely illustrative the ground description and interpretation present invention, and is not necessarily to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is all to be based on this hair In the range of the technology that bright above content is realized is encompassed by the present invention is directed to protect.
Unless otherwise indicated, the no sulphur composite-material formula of fireworks and firecrackers and process implementing case use in following embodiment Raw materials and reagents be commercial goods, fireworks and firecrackers raw material in no sulphur composite material application implementation case in following embodiment To reagent by having related qualification business unit to provide, and application test detection is configured by it.
Fireworks and firecrackers no sulphur composite-material formula and preparation process embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Fireworks and firecrackers composite material, is made of following components: main material, auxiliary material and binder, main material is by carbonate-carbonic acid Calcium and carrier-crushed crude pearlite composition, auxiliary material is di-iron trioxide, and the mass ratio of calcium carbonate, crushed crude pearlite and di-iron trioxide is 75:20:5.
Adhesive is made of organic bond and inorganic bond, and organic binder is polyvinyl alcohol, and dosage is main material With the 5% of auxiliary material quality sum;Inorganic binder is sodium metasilicate, and dosage is the 8% of main material and auxiliary material quality sum.
The preparation method (process as shown in Figure 1) of fireworks and firecrackers composite material, comprising the following steps:
(1) calcium carbonate is uniformly mixed with di-iron trioxide according to said ratio spare;(2) according to the proportion, to perlite Polyvinyl alcohol and sodium metasilicate are added in powder to be uniformly mixed, the mixture that investment step (1) prepares is pelletized, dry, to Grain is screened, and qualified products, finished product packing are obtained.The brick-red product that the present embodiment is prepared.
Embodiment 2
Fireworks and firecrackers composite material, is made of following components: main material, auxiliary material and binder, and main material is by carbonate-alkali formula Magnesium carbonate and carrier-floating bead composition, auxiliary material are copper oxide, and the mass ratio of basic magnesium carbonate, floating bead and copper oxide is 70:25:5.
Adhesive is made of organic bond and inorganic bond, and organic binder is phenolic resin, and dosage is main material With the 4% of auxiliary material quality sum;Inorganic binder is sodium metasilicate, and dosage is the 8% of main material and auxiliary material quality sum.
The preparation method of fireworks and firecrackers composite material, comprising the following steps:
(1) basic magnesium carbonate is uniformly mixed with copper oxide according to said ratio spare;(2) according to the proportion, into floating bead Phenolic resin and sodium metasilicate is added to be uniformly mixed, the mixture that investment step (1) prepares is pelletized, dry, to particle into Row screening, obtains qualified products, finished product packing.
Embodiment 3
Fireworks and firecrackers composite material, is made of following components: main material, auxiliary material and binder, main material is by carbonate-carbonic acid Hydrogen sodium and carrier-plant fiber composition, auxiliary material are copper oxide, and the mass ratio of sodium bicarbonate, plant fiber and copper oxide is 75: 20:5.
Adhesive is made of organic bond and inorganic bond, and organic binder is dextrin, and dosage is main material and auxiliary The 5% of material quality sum;Inorganic binder is sodium metasilicate, and dosage is the 8% of main material and auxiliary material quality sum.
The preparation method of fireworks and firecrackers composite material, comprising the following steps:
(1) sodium bicarbonate is uniformly mixed with copper oxide according to said ratio spare;(2) according to the proportion, to plant fiber Middle addition dextrin and sodium metasilicate are uniformly mixed, and the mixture that investment step (1) prepares is pelletized, and are dried, and are carried out to particle Screening, obtains qualified products, finished product packing.
Embodiment 4
Fireworks and firecrackers composite material, is made of following components: main material, auxiliary material and binder, main material is by carbonate (carbonic acid Calcium and sodium bicarbonate) and carrier-crushed crude pearlite composition, auxiliary material is di-iron trioxide and copper oxide, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, treasure The mass ratio of pearl rock powder, di-iron trioxide and copper oxide is 40:35:20:2:3.
Adhesive is made of organic bond and inorganic bond, and organic binder is polyvinyl alcohol, and dosage is main material With the 5% of auxiliary material quality sum;Inorganic binder is sodium metasilicate, and dosage is the 8% of main material and auxiliary material quality sum.
The preparation process of the present embodiment fireworks and firecrackers composite material is same as Example 1.What the present embodiment was prepared Dark red products.
Embodiment 5
Fireworks and firecrackers composite material, is made of following components: main material, auxiliary material and binder, main material is by carbonate (carbonic acid Calcium, sodium bicarbonate and basic magnesium carbonate) and carrier-floating bead composition, auxiliary material is di-iron trioxide and copper oxide, calcium carbonate, carbonic acid Hydrogen sodium, basic magnesium carbonate, floating bead, di-iron trioxide, copper oxide mass ratio be 30:30:10:25:2:3.
Adhesive is made of organic bond and inorganic bond, and organic binder is phenolic resin, and dosage is main material With the 4% of auxiliary material quality sum;Inorganic binder is sodium metasilicate, and dosage is the 8% of main material and auxiliary material quality sum.
The preparation process of the present embodiment fireworks and firecrackers composite material is same as Example 1.Depth is prepared in the present embodiment Red finished product.
Test case 1
The raw and auxiliary material specific gravity of embodiment 1-5 composite material is as shown in table 1.
The former auxiliary material density meter of table 1
Major-minor material density contrast is larger as can be seen from Table 1, is also easy to produce by simple hybrid technique and mixes uneven, carrying The phenomenon that layering.Although simple granulation can solve no sulphur composite material itself different materials lamination problem, it is obtained at Product specific gravity is still in 2g/cm3More than, it is used for fireworks and firecrackers and opens quick-fried medicine production, there is also the too big mixing of specific gravity unevenly, particle Object sinks to the bottom the problem of easy layering, it is therefore desirable to introduce carrier, carrier surface is bonded in after major-minor material is mixed, solve the uniformity and ask Topic, while adjusting density to be dispersed in out material can not stratified in quick-fried medicine.The following table 2 is support density table.
2 support density table of table
Fireworks and firecrackers obtained by embodiment 1-5 see the table below 3 with the density meter of no sulphur composite material material.
3 finished product density table of table
Product number Density (g/cm3)
Embodiment 1 0.8
Embodiment 2 0.95
Embodiment 3 1.18
Embodiment 4 1.24
Embodiment 5 1.25
It is detected by practical application, the density without sulphur composite material made by above-mentioned several embodiments is all satisfied use Condition, in fireworks and firecrackers oxidant and metal powder be uniformly mixed it is not stratified.
Fig. 4 opens quick-fried medicine pictorial diagram without sulphur for what embodiment 1-5 was obtained, and drug is uniformly mixed without layering, is visible by naked eyes miscellaneous Matter.
Open quick-fried medicine embodiment:
Embodiment 6
Quick-fried medicine is opened to be prepared by the component of following parts by weight:
Oxidant: potassium hyperchlorate, parts by weight 50;Metal combustible: aluminium powder, parts by weight 25;1 composite material of embodiment, weight Measure part 25.
Embodiment 7
Quick-fried medicine is opened to be prepared by the component of following parts by weight:
Oxidant: potassium hyperchlorate, parts by weight 60;Metal combustible: aluminium powder, parts by weight 10;Metal combustible: almag Powder, parts by weight 20;2 composite material of embodiment, parts by weight 10.
Embodiment 8
Quick-fried medicine is opened to be prepared by the component of following parts by weight:
Oxidant: potassium hyperchlorate, parts by weight 40;Oxidant: barium nitrate, parts by weight 20;Metal combustible: aluminium powder, weight Part 15;Metal combustible: Al-Mg alloy powder, parts by weight 15;2 composite material of embodiment, parts by weight 10.
Test case 2
Fireworks and firecrackers made by embodiment 6-8 opens quick-fried medicine, by the detection of Hunan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau fireworks and firecrackers The heart detects foundation according to GB10631-2013, AQ4104-2008, and full property index meets GB10631-2013 " fireworks and crackers safety With quality " in requirement, it is as shown in table 4 below to predominantly detect data:
4 detection data contrast table of table
It just can be seen that from detection data, fireworks and firecrackers made by no sulphur composite material provided by the present invention opens quick-fried medicine peace Full performance complies fully with requirements of the national standard, and its performance is substantially better than tradition and opens quick-fried medicine, and security performance greatly improves.
More than, embodiments of the present invention are illustrated.But the present invention is not limited to above embodiment.It is all Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in guarantor of the invention Within the scope of shield.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of fireworks and firecrackers composite material, which is characterized in that the fireworks and firecrackers composite material includes following components: main Material, auxiliary material and binder, the main material include carbonate and carrier, and the auxiliary material is metal oxide;Described adhesive includes Organic bond and inorganic bond;In the fireworks and firecrackers composite material, the mass content of the carbonate is 70%~ 80%, the mass content of the carrier is 20%~25%, and the mass content of the metal oxide is 0%~5%;The nothing The additional amount of machine adhesive is the 1%~10% of the main material and the auxiliary material quality sum;The addition of the organic bond Amount is the 1%~5% of the main material and the auxiliary material quality sum.
2. a kind of fireworks and firecrackers composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the carbonate is selected from carbonic acid One of calcium, basic magnesium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, two or three;When using two or three of material blends, mix Composition and division in a proportion example is arbitrary proportion mixing.
3. a kind of fireworks and firecrackers composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is micro- that the carrier is selected from vitreous At least one of pearl, plant fiber, cenosphere and floating bead.
4. a kind of fireworks and firecrackers composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metal oxide is selected from three Aoxidize one or both of two iron and copper oxide.
5. a kind of fireworks and firecrackers composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fireworks and firecrackers composite wood The density of material is 0.8-1.5g/cm3
6. the preparation method of any one of the claim 1-5 fireworks and firecrackers composite material, which is characterized in that the preparation side Method the following steps are included:
(1) carbonate is uniformly mixed with metal oxide according to said ratio spare;
(2) according to the proportion, adhesive being added into carrier to be uniformly mixed, the mixture that investment step (1) prepares is pelletized, Drying, can be obtained the fireworks and firecrackers composite material.
7. the described in any item fireworks and firecrackers composite materials of claim 1-5 are opening the application in quick-fried medicine.
8. application according to claim 7, which is characterized in that based on parts by weight, described to open quick-fried medicine include following components: 40~60 parts by weight of oxidant, 15~35 parts by weight of metal combustible, any one of claim 1-5 composite material 5~35 Parts by weight.
CN201910664935.2A 2019-07-23 2019-07-23 A kind of fireworks and firecrackers composite material and preparation method and application Pending CN110330399A (en)

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Cited By (3)

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CN110981654A (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-04-10 江西吉润花炮新材料科技有限公司 Smokeless and sulfur-free firework adhesive and preparation method thereof
CN110981671A (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-04-10 江西吉润花炮新材料科技有限公司 Smokeless and sulfur-free firework bursting charge and preparation method thereof
CN113461467A (en) * 2021-07-20 2021-10-01 北京理工大学 Safe and environment-friendly explosive with low mechanical sensitivity and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110981654A (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-04-10 江西吉润花炮新材料科技有限公司 Smokeless and sulfur-free firework adhesive and preparation method thereof
CN110981671A (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-04-10 江西吉润花炮新材料科技有限公司 Smokeless and sulfur-free firework bursting charge and preparation method thereof
CN113461467A (en) * 2021-07-20 2021-10-01 北京理工大学 Safe and environment-friendly explosive with low mechanical sensitivity and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20191015