CN110328423B - Automatic centering and clamping half-bridge welding device and welding method - Google Patents
Automatic centering and clamping half-bridge welding device and welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110328423B CN110328423B CN201910709705.3A CN201910709705A CN110328423B CN 110328423 B CN110328423 B CN 110328423B CN 201910709705 A CN201910709705 A CN 201910709705A CN 110328423 B CN110328423 B CN 110328423B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/06—Solder feeding devices; Solder melting pans
- B23K3/0607—Solder feeding devices
- B23K3/063—Solder feeding devices for wire feeding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
- B23K3/087—Soldering or brazing jigs, fixtures or clamping means
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic centering and clamping half-bridge welding device, which comprises a base plate, a left side welding mechanism, a right side welding mechanism, a left side centering pressing mechanism, a right side centering pressing mechanism and a left side axle housing pressing mechanism, wherein the left side welding mechanism and the right side welding mechanism are bilaterally symmetrical relative to the base plate, the left side centering pressing mechanism and the right side centering pressing mechanism are fixed at the lower end of a left upright post and a right upright post, a lower fixing plate and an upper fixing plate are respectively fixed at the upper ends of the left upright post and the right upright post, a sliding plate is connected with the left upright post and the right upright post in a sliding mode, a piston rod of a lower pressing cylinder is fixed on the sliding plate, the lower pressing cylinder is fixed on the upper fixing plate, the left side centering pressing mechanism and the right side centering pressing mechanism are fixed on the sliding plate and are used for centering. The clamping and the positioning of the bridge pipe are realized through the pressing cylinder when the bridge pipe and the axle housing are realized, and the welding machine mechanism realizes the automatic welding in the circumferential direction of the axle pipe axle housing, so that the device is convenient to popularize and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a half-bridge welding device and a welding method capable of automatically centering and clamping, in particular to a welding device and a welding method for a half-bridge axle housing and an axle tube capable of automatically centering and clamping.
Background
The rear axle is an important part of vehicle, the bridge pipe and the casing of present rear axle are connected and are adopted welded connection, the axle housing is used for installing differential mechanism, differential mechanism connects the pivot of connecting the wheel, the bridge pipe is used for only supporting pivot and bridge pipe and keeps away from one side installation brake equipment of axle housing, traditional bridge pipe axle housing welding adopts and presss from both sides tight axle housing respectively, the bridge pipe is fixed a position, press from both sides tight bridge pipe, welding operation carries out again, the bridge pipe, the installation positioning process of axle housing is more troublesome, and because the bridge pipe, the axle housing compresses tightly, the independent mechanism is adopted in the bridge pipe location, the fault rate is high, the waste product appears easily.
According to the application, the guide rail slider mechanism is driven to move downwards by the pressing cylinder, the slider simultaneously fixes the V-shaped block and the sliding pin, and in the process of moving downwards of the V-shaped block, the sliding pin is close to the bridge pipe after receiving the guiding mechanism, so that downward pressing force is still existed in the process of clamping the bridge pipe by the V-shaped block, and the bridge pipe is positioned and clamped; the piston rod of the downward pressing cylinder moves downwards and simultaneously presses the press mechanism of the axle housing, and the press mechanism is elastically connected, so that synchronous pressing of the axle tube and the axle housing is realized, and the phenomenon that the axle tube and the axle housing are not tightly pressed due to insufficient motion precision of a transmission mechanism in the pressing process of the axle tube and the axle housing does not need to be considered; the electric turntable realizes the overturning motion of the welding cylinder through the rocker mechanism, so that the bridge pipe is convenient to mount or take down; the connecting position of the mechanism for pressing the axle housing and the piston rod of the pressing cylinder is adjustable, so that the axle housing is suitable for use of axle housings with different thicknesses; the end part of a pressing claw of the press axle housing is cylindrical, so that the axle housing is reliably pressed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the utility model provides a through a cylinder linkage compress tightly bridge pipe, axle housing and centering bridge pipe, adopt rocker mechanism drive, the flexible welding mechanism of cylinder control, realize the automatic welded device to bridge pipe axle housing.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a half-bridge welding device capable of automatically centering and clamping comprises a base plate 1, an electric rotary table 2, a left side welding mechanism 3, a right side welding mechanism, a left side centering pressing mechanism 5, a right side centering pressing mechanism, a lower fixed plate 6, a sliding plate 7, an upper fixed plate 8, a left side axle housing pressing mechanism 11 and a right side axle housing pressing mechanism, wherein the base plate 1 is of a bilateral symmetry structure, and the left side axle housing pressing mechanism 11 and the right side axle housing pressing mechanism, the left side welding mechanism 3 and the right side welding mechanism, the left side centering pressing mechanism 5 and the right side centering pressing mechanism, and a left upright post 4 and a right upright post 10 are arranged in bilateral symmetry mode about a bilateral symmetry plane of the base plate 1;
the left upright post 4 and the right upright post are arranged in parallel along the vertical direction, the lower end of the left upright post 4 is fixed on the front side of the base plate 1, the left side and the right side of the lower fixing plate 6 are respectively fixedly connected with the middle parts of the left upright post 4 and the right upright post, the left end and the right end of the sliding plate 7 are respectively connected with the upper parts of the left upright post 4 and the right upright post in a sliding manner, and the left end and the right end of the upper fixing plate 8 are respectively fixedly connected with the upper ends of the left upright post 4 and the right upright post;
the upper fixed plate 8 is fixed with a lower air cylinder 9, and a piston rod of the lower air cylinder 9 is fixed on the sliding plate 7;
the left centering and pressing mechanism 5 comprises a left V-shaped block 502 and a left guide plate 504, a guide rail 12 is fixed on the front side of the sliding plate 7, the guide rail 12 is horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, a left slider 501 is installed on the left part of the guide rail 12, the left slider 501 is used for fixing the rear end of the left guide plate 504 and the front end of a left cantilever 503, a left sliding pin 505 is fixed on the left guide plate 504, a guide plate 14 is fixed on the lower fixing plate 6, the guide plate 14 is in a bilateral symmetry structure, a left guide groove 141 which is inclined from top to bottom to right is formed in the left side of the guide plate 14, the left sliding pin 505 slides in the left guide groove 141, and the left V-shaped block 502 is fixed on the front end of;
the left axle housing pressing mechanism 11 comprises a left pressing rod 1103, a left loop bar 1104 and a pressing mechanism of the axle housing 102, the upper part of the left pressing rod 1103 is fixed at the left part of the sliding plate 7, the fixing position of the left pressing rod 1103 on the sliding plate 7 is adjustable along the up-down direction, the lower part of the left pressing rod 1103 is in sliding fit with the inner hole of the left loop bar 1104, a left compression spring 1116 is fixed at the lower end of the left pressing rod 1103, a left limit pin 1108 is fixed at the upper end of a left pressed rod 1115, a left limit groove 1114 arranged along the up-down direction is arranged at the lower part of the left loop bar 1104, the left limit pin 1108 slides in the left limit groove 1114, a left return spring plug 1105 is coaxially fixed at the lower end of the left loop bar 1104, a left return spring 1109 is arranged between the left limit pin 1108 and the left return spring plug 1105, the left return spring 1109 is sleeved on the left pressed rod 1115, a, the lower end of the left pressure receiving rod 1115 is in sliding fit with an inner hole of the left return spring plugging 1105, the lower end of the left pressure receiving rod 1115 is connected with a pressing mechanism of the axle housing 102, and the elastic rigidity of the left return spring 1109 is smaller than that of the left compression spring 1116;
the bed plate 1 on be provided with the lower extreme supporting mechanism of the positioning mechanism of axle housing 102 and bridge pipe 101, fixed electric turntable 2 on the bed plate 1, the coaxial setting of connecting hole 1022 of clearance fit bridge pipe 101 that electric turntable 2 and the anterior upside of axle housing 102 set up, the fixed left side welding mechanism 3 in electric turntable left side for the welding of connecting hole 1022 upper end coincidence portion on bridge pipe 101 and the axle housing.
The pressing mechanism of the axle housing 102 comprises a left connecting rod 1106, a left pull rod 1107, a left pressing claw 1111 and a left pressing claw driving pin 1113, wherein a left pressed rod 1115 downwards penetrates through an inner hole at the lower end of a left reset spring seal 1105 and then fixes the front end of the left connecting rod 1106, the rear end of the left connecting rod 1106 fixes the lower end of the left pull rod 1107, the left pull rod 1107 is in sliding fit with a round hole formed in a base plate 1, the left pull rod 1107 upwards penetrates through the base plate 1 and then fixes the left pressing claw driving pin 1113, a left hinged base four 1110 is fixed on the base plate, the left pressing claw 1111 is in an L shape, the left hinged base four 1110 is hinged with the end part of one L-shaped side of the left pressing claw 1111, a left pressing claw sliding groove 1112 which penetrates through from front to back is formed from the corner part of the L shape of the left pressing claw 1111 to the end part of the other side, and the middle; the left pull rod 1107 is located on the left side of the outer edge of the axle housing 102, the left hinged seat four 1110 is located on the left side of the left pull rod 1107, and the other end of the L-shaped left pressing claw 1111 is provided with a left cylinder axially along the front-back direction.
The structure that is provided with the positioning mechanism of axle housing 102 and the lower extreme supporting mechanism of axle pipe 101 on the bed plate 1 is: the upside central point of bed plate 1 put fixed axle housing locating plate 15, the front portion of axle housing locating plate 15 is provided with the annular location chamber 151 of indent, location chamber 151 and the anterior annular location boss 1021 clearance fit of protruding down of setting up of axle housing 102 for the location of axle housing 102, the upside central point of axle housing locating plate 15 put and be provided with the bridge pipe support column 152 that upwards stretches out, the external diameter of bridge pipe support column 152 is less than the diameter of the connecting hole 1022 of the clearance fit bridge pipe 101 of the anterior upside setting of axle housing 102, be used for conveniently placing axle housing 102 on axle housing locating plate 15 and fix a position, bridge pipe support column 152 is used for supporting the lower extreme of bridge pipe 101, the connecting hole 1022 clearance fit that the lower extreme of bridge pipe 101 and the anterior upside of axle housing 102 set up, electric turntable 2, bridge pipe support column 152, the coaxial setting of bridge.
The left welding mechanism 3 comprises a left welding seat 301, a left hinged platform I302, a left overturning cylinder 303, a left welding gun support 304, a left welding gun fixing seat 305, a left welding gun cylinder 306, a left welding gun chuck 307, a left hinged seat II 308 and a left hinged seat III 309, the left welding seat 301 is fixed on the left side of the rotating part of the electric turntable 2, the left hinged platform I302 is fixed at the middle position of the upper left end of the left welding seat 301, the left hinged platform I302 is hinged with the fixing end of the left overturning cylinder 303, the left welding gun support 304 is L-shaped, the end part of the L-shaped side of the left welding gun support 304 is fixed at the middle part of the left welding seat 301, the left welding gun cylinder 306 is fixed on the left welding gun fixing seat 305, the left hinged seat III 309 is fixed at the lower right part of the left welding gun fixing seat 305, the left hinged seat III 309 is hinged with the piston rod of the left overturning cylinder 303, the left welding gun fixing seat II 308 is fixed at the lower left part of the left welding gun fixing seat 305, the end part of the other L-shaped edge of the left welding gun support 304 is hinged with the second left hinge base 308, the left welding gun cylinder 306 is a double-piston-rod cylinder, the double-piston-rod end part of the left welding gun cylinder 306 is fixedly provided with a left welding gun chuck 307, the left welding gun 307 is fixedly provided with the left welding gun 103, and the left welding base 301, the first left hinge platform 302, the left overturning cylinder 303, the left welding gun support 304, the left welding gun fixing base 305, the second left hinge base 308 and the third left hinge base 309 form a rocker mechanism.
The fixed position of the left pressing rod 1103 on the sliding plate 7 is adjustable along the up-down direction: the left axle housing pressing mechanism 11 further includes a left butterfly bolt 1101 and a left pressing rod fixing seat 1102, the left pressing rod fixing seat 1102 is fixed on the rear side of the left portion of the sliding plate 7, the left pressing rod fixing seat 1102 is in clearance fit with the upper portion of the left pressing rod 1103, the left butterfly bolt 1101 is screwed in a bolt hole of the left pressing rod fixing seat 1102 and used for adjusting the upper and lower positions of the left pressing rod 1103 and fixing the left pressing rod 1103 on the left pressing rod fixing seat 1102.
The welding method of the automatic centering and clamping half-bridge welding device is characterized in that when a bridge pipe and an axle housing are welded for the first time, debugging is needed, otherwise, the working step is directly carried out, and the debugging step is as follows:
step 1) controlling a pressing cylinder 9 to be in a retracting state, inserting a positioning boss 1021 of an axle housing 102 into a positioning cavity 151 of an axle housing positioning plate 15 to realize positioning of the axle housing 102, inserting the lower end of an axle tube 101 into a connecting hole 1022 formed in the upper side of the front part of the axle housing 102, and attaching the lower end of the axle tube 101 to an axle tube supporting column 152 to position the axle tube 101;
step 2), loosening the left butterfly bolt 1101, and loosening the right butterfly bolt of the right axle housing pressing mechanism;
step 3) controlling the piston rod of the downward-pressing cylinder 9 to extend outwards, moving the sliding plate 7 downwards to drive the guide rail 12 to move downwards, driving the left cantilever 503, the left guide plate 504 and the left V-shaped block 502 to move downwards by the left sliding block 501, sliding the left sliding pin 505 along the left guide groove 141, sliding the left sliding block 501 towards the right side simultaneously in the downward moving process, shortening the distance from the left V-shaped block 502 to the bridge pipe, sliding the right V-shaped block towards the left simultaneously in the downward moving process of the right sliding block of the right centering pressing mechanism, and shortening the distance from the right V-shaped block to the bridge pipe 101; when the distance between the left V-shaped block 502 or the right V-shaped block and the contact bridge pipe 101 is 2-3mm, controlling the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 9 to stop extending outwards;
step 4) manually pressing down the left pressing rod 1103 and the right pressing rod of the right axle housing pressing mechanism, wherein the left pressing rod 1103 moves downwards, the left compression spring 1116 compresses, the left pressed rod 1115 moves downwards, the left return spring 1109 compresses, the left connecting rod 1106 moves downwards, the left pull rod 1107 moves downwards, the left pressing claw driving pin 1113 moves downwards and slides in the left pressing claw sliding groove 1112, the right end of the left pressing claw 1111 presses down an annular plane arranged at the edge of the axle housing 102, the left end of the right pressing claw of the right axle housing pressing mechanism presses down the annular plane arranged at the edge of the axle housing 102, and the upper ends of the left pressing rod 1103 and the right pressing rod are at the same horizontal height and are used for the left pressing claw 1111 and the right pressing claw to press the axle housing 102 equally;
step 5), screwing a left butterfly bolt 1101, screwing a right butterfly bolt of the right axle housing pressing mechanism, and respectively fixing a left pressing rod 1103 and a right pressing rod on a left pressing rod fixing seat 1102 and a right pressing rod fixing seat;
step 6) controlling a piston rod of the lower air cylinder 9 to retract, moving the left V-shaped block 502 and the right V-shaped block upwards and away from the bridge pipe 101, moving the left pressing rod 1103 upwards, moving the left compression spring 1116 upwards, moving the left compression rod 1115 upwards by the left return spring 1109, moving the lower end of the left compression spring 1116 away from the upper end of the left compression rod 1115, moving the left pull rod 1107 upwards, turning the left pressing claw 1111 to the left side, and turning the right pressing claw to the right side;
step 7) controlling the double piston rods of the left welding gun cylinder 306 to retract, the double piston rods of the right welding gun cylinder of the right welding mechanism to retract, the piston rod of the left overturning cylinder 303 extends outwards, so that the left welding gun fixing seat 305 is overturned leftwards around the hinge point of the end part of the L-shaped other side of the left welding gun support 304 and the left hinge seat II (308), the piston rod of the right overturning cylinder of the right welding mechanism extends outwards, and the right welding gun fixing seat is overturned rightwards around the hinge point of the end part of the L-shaped other side of the right welding gun support and the right hinge seat II;
and 8) taking down the bridge pipe 101 and the bridge shell 102 to finish debugging.
The working stage is as follows:
step 1), inserting a positioning boss 1021 of an axle housing 102 into a positioning cavity 151 of an axle housing positioning plate 15 to realize positioning of the axle housing 102, inserting the lower end of an axle tube 101 into a connecting hole 1022 formed in the upper side of the front part of the axle housing 102, and attaching the lower end of the axle tube 101 to an axle tube supporting column 152 to position the axle tube 101;
step 2) controlling the piston rod of the downward-pressing cylinder 9 to extend outwards, the sliding plate 7 to move downwards to drive the guide rail 12 to move downwards, the left sliding block 501 to drive the left cantilever 503, the left guide plate 504 and the left V-shaped block 502 to move downwards, the left sliding pin 505 slides along the left guide groove 141, in the process of moving downwards of the left sliding block 501, the axle housing pressing mechanism is capable of sliding towards the right side, meanwhile, the left pressing rod 1103 moves downwards, the right pressing rod of the right axle housing pressing mechanism moves downwards, the left compression spring 1116 is compressed, the left pressed rod 1115 moves downwards, the left reset spring 1109 is compressed, the left connecting rod 1106 moves downwards, the left pulling rod 1107 moves downwards, the left pressing claw driving pin 1113 moves downwards and slides in the left pressing claw sliding groove 1112, the right end of the left pressing claw 1111 presses an annular plane arranged at the edge of the axle housing 102, the left axle housing pressing mechanism 11 and the right axle housing pressing mechanism are symmetrical about a left-right symmetrical plane of the base plate 1, and the left end of the right pressing claw presses the annular plane arranged at the edge of the axle housing 102;
step 3) the piston rod of the downward-pressing cylinder 9 continues to extend outwards, the left compression spring 1116 continues to compress, the pressing force of the left pressing claw 1111 and the right pressing claw pressing the axle housing 102 is increased, the left V-shaped block 502 and the right V-shaped block continue to move downwards and simultaneously clamp the axle pipe 101, the left V-shaped block 502 and the right V-shaped block not only automatically center the axle pipe 101, but also enable the axle pipe 101 to be subjected to downward pressure, and therefore accurate positioning and fixing of the axle pipe 101 are achieved;
step 4) controlling the piston rod of the left overturning cylinder 303 to retract, so that the left welding gun fixing seat 305 is overturned rightwards around the hinge point between the end part of the L-shaped other side of the left welding gun support 304 and the left hinge seat II (308), and the piston rod of the right overturning cylinder of the right welding mechanism retracts, so that the right welding gun fixing seat is overturned leftwards around the hinge point between the end part of the L-shaped other side of the right welding gun support and the right hinge seat II;
step 5), controlling the double piston rods of the left welding gun cylinder 306 to extend out, controlling the double piston rods of the right welding gun cylinder of the right welding mechanism to extend out, and controlling the left welding gun 103 and the right welding gun of the right welding mechanism to align with the welding seam position 104;
step 6) controlling the wire feeders of the left welding gun 103 and the right welding gun of the right welding mechanism to convey welding wires, welding the bridge pipe 101 and the axle housing 102, and simultaneously controlling the electric rotary table 2 to rotate to realize the circumferential bilateral welding of the bridge pipe 101 and the axle housing 102;
step 7), after the electric turntable 2 rotates 180 degrees along the circumferential direction, the wire feeder stops feeding wires to complete welding of the bridge pipe 101 and the axle housing 102, and controls the double piston rods of the left welding gun cylinder 306 to retract and the double piston rods of the right welding gun cylinder of the right welding mechanism to retract;
step 8) controlling the electric turntable 2 to reversely rotate for 180 degrees along the circumferential direction;
step 9) controlling a piston rod of the left overturning cylinder 303 to extend outwards, so that the left welding gun fixing seat 305 is overturned leftwards around a hinge point between the end part of the L-shaped other side of the left welding gun support 304 and the left hinge seat II (308), and a piston rod of a right overturning cylinder of the right welding mechanism extends outwards, so that the right welding gun fixing seat is overturned rightwards around a hinge point between the end part of the L-shaped other side of the right welding gun support and the right hinge seat II;
step 10) controlling a piston rod of the lower air cylinder 9 to retract, enabling the left V-shaped block 502 and the right V-shaped block to be away from the bridge pipe 101 and move upwards, enabling the left pressing rod 1103 to move upwards, enabling the left compression spring 1116 to move upwards, enabling the left compression rod 1115 to move upwards through the left return spring 1109, enabling the left pull rod 1107 to move upwards, enabling the left pressing claw 1111 to turn over to the left side, and enabling the same right pressing claw to turn over to the right side;
and 11) taking off the welding parts of the axle pipe 101 and the axle housing 102, completing the welding of one axle pipe 101 and the axle housing 102, and repeating the steps to complete the welding of the other axle pipe and the axle housing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the application, the guide rail slider mechanism is driven to move downwards by the pressing cylinder, the slider simultaneously fixes the V-shaped block and the sliding pin, and in the process of moving downwards of the V-shaped block, the sliding pin is close to the bridge pipe after receiving the guiding mechanism, so that downward pressing force is still existed in the process of clamping the bridge pipe by the V-shaped block, and the bridge pipe is positioned and clamped;
2. the piston rod of the downward pressing cylinder moves downwards and simultaneously presses the press mechanism of the axle housing, and the press mechanism is elastically connected, so that synchronous pressing of the axle tube and the axle housing is realized, and the phenomenon that the axle tube and the axle housing are not tightly pressed due to insufficient motion precision of a transmission mechanism in the pressing process of the axle tube and the axle housing does not need to be considered;
3. the electric turntable realizes the overturning motion of the welding cylinder through the rocker mechanism, so that the bridge pipe is convenient to mount or take down; 4. the connecting position of the mechanism for pressing the axle housing and the piston rod of the pressing cylinder is adjustable, so that the axle housing is suitable for use of axle housings with different thicknesses;
5. the end part of a pressing claw of the press axle housing is cylindrical, so that the axle housing is reliably pressed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a general block diagram of a self-centering clamping half-bridge welding apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a second general block diagram of a self-centering clamping half-bridge welding apparatus.
Fig. 3 is a first structural schematic diagram of the automatic centering and clamping part of the bridge pipe.
Fig. 4 is a second structural schematic diagram of the bridge pipe self-centering clamping part.
FIG. 5 is a schematic upper structural view of the axle housing clamping section.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the general construction of the axle housing clamping section.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an elastic pressing mechanism of the axle housing pressing portion.
Fig. 8 is a first structural diagram of the left-side welding mechanism.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the axle housing pressing portion of the pressing claw pressing the axle housing.
Fig. 10 is a second schematic structural view of the left-side welding mechanism.
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of an axle housing.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an axle housing positioning mechanism.
Reference numerals: 1-base plate, 2-electric turntable, 3-left side welding mechanism, 4-left upright post, 5-left side centering pressing mechanism, 6-lower fixed plate, 7-sliding plate, 8-upper fixed plate, 9-lower pressing cylinder, 10-right upright post, 11-left side axle housing pressing mechanism, 12-guide rail, 13-connecting seat, 14-guide plate, 15-axle housing positioning plate, 101-axle tube, 102-axle housing, 103-left welding gun, 104-welding position, 301-left welding seat, 302-left hinge platform I, 303-left turning cylinder, 304-left welding gun bracket, 305-left welding gun fixing seat, 306-left welding gun cylinder, 307-left welding gun chuck, 308-left hinge seat II, 309-left hinge seat III, 501-left sliding block, 502-left V-shaped block, 503-left cantilever, 504-left guide plate, 505-left sliding pin, 1021-positioning boss, 1101-left butterfly bolt, 1102-left pressure lever fixing seat, 1103-left pressure lever, 1104-left loop bar, 1105-left reset spring plug, 1106-left connecting rod, 1107-left pull rod, 1108-left limiting pin, 1109-left reset spring, 1110-left hinging seat four, 1111-left pressure claw, 1112-left pressure claw sliding groove, 1113-left pressure claw driving pin, 1114-left limiting groove, 1115-left pressure rod, 1116-left compression spring, 141-left guide groove, 151-positioning cavity and 152-bridge tube supporting column.
Detailed Description
With reference to fig. 1 to 12, the automatic centering and clamping half-bridge welding device comprises a base plate 1, an electric turntable 2, a left side welding mechanism 3, a right side welding mechanism, a left upright post 4, a left side centering and pressing mechanism 5, a right side centering and pressing mechanism, a lower fixing plate 6, a sliding plate 7, an upper fixing plate 8, a lower pressing cylinder 9, a right upright post 10, a left side axle housing pressing mechanism 11, a right side axle housing pressing mechanism, a guide rail 12, a connecting seat 13, a guide plate 14, an axle housing positioning plate 15 and a control system, wherein the up-down, left-right and front-back directions of the device are defined by the up-down, left-right and front-back directions of an operator, so as to describe the device. Bed plate 1 be bilateral symmetry's structure, left side axle housing hold-down mechanism 11 and right side axle housing hold-down mechanism, left side welding mechanism 3 and right side welding mechanism, left side centering hold-down mechanism 5, right side centering hold-down mechanism, left stand 4 and right stand 10 set up about the bilateral symmetry plane bilateral symmetry of bed plate 1.
Left stand 4, right stand along upper and lower direction and mutual parallel arrangement, the lower extreme of left stand 4 is fixed on the front side of bed plate 1, the left side, the right side of bottom plate 6 respectively with the middle part fixed connection of left stand 4, right stand, the left and right ends of sliding plate 7 respectively with the upper portion sliding connection of left stand 4, right stand, the left and right ends of upper fixed plate 8 respectively with the upper end fixed connection of left stand 4, right stand.
The middle part of the front side of the upper fixing plate 8 is fixed with a lower air cylinder 9, a piston rod of the lower air cylinder 9 extends downwards, the lower end of the piston rod of the lower air cylinder 9 is fixed with a connecting seat 13, and the connecting seat 13 is fixed at the middle part of the front side of the sliding plate 7 and used for driving the sliding plate 7 to lift up and down.
The left centering and pressing mechanism 5 comprises a left slider 501, a left V-shaped block 502, a left suspension arm 503, a left guide plate 504 and a left sliding pin 505, the guide rail 12 is fixed on the front side of the sliding plate 7, the guide rail 12 is horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, the left slider 501 is installed on the left part of the guide rail 12, the left slider 501 simultaneously fixes the rear end of the left guide plate 504 and the front end of the left suspension arm 503, the lower end of the left guide plate 504 extends towards the front side, the left sliding pin 505 is fixed on the front end, and the left sliding pin 505 is horizontally arranged along the front-back direction.
The rear side of the lower fixing plate 6 is fixed with a guide plate 14, the guide plate 14 is of a bilateral symmetry structure, namely, the bilateral symmetry plane of the base plate 1 is bilateral symmetry, the left side of the guide plate 14 is provided with a left guide groove 141 which penetrates from top to bottom and front and back, the left guide groove 141 inclines towards the right side from top to bottom, and the left sliding pin 505 slides in the left guide groove 141.
The front end of the left cantilever 503 is fixed with the left V-shaped block 502, the opening direction of the left V-shaped block 502 faces the bridge pipe 101, in the process of pressing down the air cylinder 9, the left sliding pin 505 slides from top to bottom in the left guide groove 141, so that the left cantilever 503 moves rightwards, the left V-shaped block 502 and the right V-shaped block of the right centering and pressing mechanism simultaneously center and press the upper part of the bridge pipe 101, in the process of moving down the sliding plate 7, the bridge pipe 101 is pressed downwards when the centering and pressing mechanism clamps the bridge pipe 101, and the welding quality is improved.
Left side axle housing hold-down mechanism 11 include left butterfly bolt 1101, left depression bar fixing base 1102, left depression bar 1103, left loop bar 1104, left reset spring shutoff 1105, left connecting rod 1106, left pull rod 1107, left spacer pin 1108, left reset spring 1109, four 1110 of left articulated seat, left pressure claw 1111, left pressure claw driving pin 1113, left pressure pole 1115, left compression spring 1116, the fixed left depression bar fixing base 1102 of left portion rear side of sliding plate 7, left depression bar fixing base 1102 and the upper portion clearance fit of left depression bar 1103, the left butterfly bolt 1101 of closing in the bolt hole of left depression bar fixing base 1102 for after adjusting the upper and lower position of left depression bar 1103 and fixing left depression bar 1103 on left depression bar fixing base 1102.
The lower side to the end part of the left compression bar 1103 is in sliding fit with the inner hole of the left loop bar 1104, the lower end of the left compression bar 1103 is fixed with a left compression spring 1116, the upper end of the left compression bar is fixed with the middle part of a left limit pin 1108, the lower part of the left loop bar 1104 is provided with a left limit groove 1114 which is arranged along the up-down direction and penetrates through the left direction and the right direction, the left end and the right end of the left limit pin 1108 slide in the up-down direction in the left limit groove 1114, the lower end of the left loop bar 1104 is coaxially fixed with a left return spring seal 1105, a left return spring 1109 is arranged between the left limit pin 1108 and the left return spring seal 1105, the left return spring 1109 is sleeved on the left compression bar 1115, a distance is arranged between the upper end of the left compression bar 1115 and the lower end of the left compression spring 1116, the left compression bar 1115 passes through the inner hole at the lower end of the left return spring seal 1105 downwards, the elastic stiffness of the left return spring 1109 is less than that of the left compression spring 1116, that is, the compression amount of the left compression spring 1116 is less than that of the left return spring 1109 when the left compression spring 1116 bears the same load.
The lower extreme of left pull rod 1107 is fixed to the rear end of left connecting rod 1106, the round hole sliding fit who sets up on left pull rod 1107 and the bed plate 1, left pull rod 1107 upwards passes the bed plate 1 after-fixing left pressure claw drive pin 1113 before, the rear end, fixed left articulated seat four 1110 on the bed plate, left side pressure claw 1111 is the L shape, left side articulated seat four 1110 is articulated with the tip on one side of the L shape of left side pressure claw 1111, the corner to the another side tip of the L shape of left side pressure claw 1111 is provided with the left side pressure claw spout 1112 that runs through from beginning to end, the middle part of left side pressure claw drive pin 1113 can be in left side pressure claw spout 1112 sliding fit. Left pull rod 1107 be located the outer fringe left side of axle housing 102, the articulated seat four 1110 in a left side of left pull rod 1107, the another side tip of the L shape of left pressure claw 1111 is provided with the left cylinder of axial along the fore-and-aft direction for after realizing the thickness change of axle housing 102, left cylinder still compresses tightly on the annular plane that the axle housing outer fringe set up.
The upside central point of bed plate 1 put fixed axle housing locating plate 15, the front portion of axle housing locating plate 15 is provided with the annular location chamber 151 of indent, location chamber 151 and the anterior annular location boss 1021 clearance fit of protruding down of setting up of axle housing 102 for the location of axle housing 102, the upside central point of axle housing locating plate 15 put and be provided with the bridge pipe support column 152 that upwards stretches out, the external diameter of bridge pipe support column 152 is less than axle housing 102 and bridge pipe welded position's diameter, be used for conveniently placing the axle housing on axle housing locating plate 15 and fix a position, bridge pipe support column 152 is used for supporting the lower extreme of bridge pipe 101, to bridge pipe 101 lower extreme location, the connecting hole 1022 clearance fit that bridge pipe 101 lower extreme and the anterior upside of axle housing 102 set up, welder 103 welds the upper end of bridge pipe 101 and axle housing 102 overlap portion, weld seam position 104 promptly.
The base plate 1 on fixed electric turntable 2's stiff end, electric turntable 2, bridge pipe support column 152, the coaxial setting of bridge pipe 101.
The left welding mechanism 3 comprises a left welding seat 301, a left hinged platform I302, a left overturning cylinder 303, a left welding gun support 304, a left welding gun fixing seat 305, a left welding gun cylinder 306, a left welding gun chuck 307, a left hinged seat II 308 and a left hinged seat III 309, the left welding seat 301 is fixed on the left side of the rotating part of the electric turntable 2, the left hinged platform I302 is fixed at the middle position of the upper left end of the left welding seat 301, the left hinged platform I302 is hinged with the fixing end of the left overturning cylinder 303, the left welding gun support 304 is L-shaped, the end part of the L-shaped side of the left welding gun support 304 is fixed in the middle of the left welding seat 301, the left welding gun cylinder 306 is fixed on the left welding gun fixing seat 305, the left hinged seat III 309 is fixed on the right part of the lower side of the left welding gun fixing seat 305, the left seat III 309 is hinged with the piston rod of the left overturning cylinder 303, the left welding gun fixing seat II 308 is fixed on the left part of the lower side of the left welding gun fixing seat, the end part of the other L-shaped edge of the left welding gun support 304 is hinged with the second left hinged seat 308, the left welding gun cylinder 306 is a double-piston-rod cylinder, the double-piston-rod end part of the left welding gun cylinder 306 is fixed with a left welding gun chuck 307, and the left welding gun 103 is fixed with the left welding gun chuck 307. The left welding seat 301, the left hinge platform I302, the left overturning cylinder 303, the left welding gun support 304, the left welding gun fixing seat 305, the left hinge seat II 308 and the left hinge seat III 309 form a rocker mechanism, and the rocker mechanism is used for realizing the swinging of the left welding gun cylinder 306 to avoid the bridge pipe 101.
And a support frame is fixed on the lower side of the base plate 1.
The electromagnetic control valve of the left welding gun cylinder 306, the electromagnetic control valve of the right welding gun cylinder of the right welding mechanism, the electromagnetic control valve of the left overturning cylinder 303, the electromagnetic control valve of the right overturning cylinder of the right welding mechanism, the electromagnetic control valve of the pressing cylinder 9 and the rotation controller of the electric turntable 2 are connected with a control system through lines.
When need weld bridge pipe 101 and axle housing 102, the welding is for the first time, needs debug: controlling the lower air cylinder 9 to be in a retraction state, inserting the positioning boss 1021 of the axle housing 102 into the positioning cavity 151 of the axle housing positioning plate 15 to position the axle housing 102, inserting the lower end of the axle tube 101 into the connecting hole 1022 formed in the upper side of the front part of the axle housing 102, and attaching the lower end of the axle tube 101 to the axle tube supporting column 152 to position the axle tube 101; the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 9 is controlled to extend outwards, the sliding plate 7 moves downwards to drive the guide rail 12 to move downwards, the left sliding block 501 drives the left cantilever 503, the left guide plate 504 and the left V-shaped block 502 to move downwards, the left sliding pin 505 slides along the left guide groove 141, the left sliding block 501 slides towards the right side simultaneously in the process of moving downwards, the distance between the left V-shaped block 502 and a bridge pipe is shortened, and the left centering pressing mechanism 5 and the right centering pressing mechanism are symmetrical about a bilateral symmetry plane of the base plate 1, so that the right sliding block of the right centering pressing mechanism slides towards the left side simultaneously in the process of moving downwards, and the distance between the right V-shaped block and the bridge pipe 101 is shortened; when the distance between the left V-shaped block 502 or the right V-shaped block and the contact bridge pipe 101 is 2-3mm, controlling the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 9 to stop extending outwards; the left pressing rod 1103 and the right pressing rod of the right axle housing pressing mechanism are manually pressed downwards, the left pressing rod 1103 moves downwards, the left compression spring 1116 is compressed, the left pressed rod 1115 moves downwards, the left return spring 1109 is compressed, the left connecting rod 1106 moves downwards, the left pull rod 1107 moves downwards, the left pressing claw driving pin 1113 moves downwards and slides in the left pressing claw sliding groove 1112, the right end of the left pressing claw 1111 presses an annular plane arranged at the edge of the axle housing 102, the left end of the right pressing claw presses the annular plane arranged at the edge of the axle housing 102, the upper ends of the left pressing rod 1103 and the right pressing rod are at the same horizontal height, and the force for pressing the axle housing 102 by the left pressing claw 1111 and the right pressing claw is equal; the left butterfly bolt 1101 is screwed, the right butterfly bolt of the right axle housing pressing mechanism is screwed, and the left pressing rod 1103 and the right pressing rod are respectively fixed on the left pressing rod fixing seat 1102 and the right pressing rod fixing seat; the piston rod of the lower pressing cylinder 9 is controlled to retract, the left V-shaped block 502 and the right V-shaped block move upwards and are far away from the bridge pipe 101, the left pressing rod 1103 moves upwards, the left compression spring 1116 moves upwards, the left return spring 1109 enables the left pressed rod 1115 to move upwards, the lower end of the left compression spring 1116 is separated from the upper end of the left pressed rod 1115, the left pull rod 1107 moves upwards, the left pressing claw 1111 overturns towards the left side, and the same right pressing claw overturns towards the right side; the double piston rods of the left welding gun cylinder 306 are controlled to retract, the double piston rods of the right welding gun cylinder of the right welding mechanism retract, the piston rod of the left overturning cylinder 303 extends outwards, so that the left welding gun fixing seat 305 is overturned leftwards around the hinge point of the end part of the L-shaped other side of the left welding gun support 304 and the left hinge seat II (308), the piston rod of the right overturning cylinder of the right welding mechanism extends outwards, and the right welding gun fixing seat is overturned rightwards around the hinge point of the end part of the L-shaped other side of the right welding gun support and the right hinge seat II; and (5) taking down the bridge pipe 101 and the axle housing 102 to finish debugging. Only when the axle housing of the same specification, the axle tube are welded, debugging is carried out when the automatic centering and clamping half-bridge welding device is used for the first time, otherwise, the axle tube 101 and the axle housing 102 are directly welded in a working stage.
The working stage is as follows:
inserting the positioning boss 1021 of the axle housing 102 into the positioning cavity 151 of the axle housing positioning plate 15 to position the axle housing 102, inserting the lower end of the axle tube 101 into a connecting hole 1022 formed in the upper side of the front part of the axle housing 102, and attaching the lower end of the axle tube 101 to the axle tube supporting column 152 to position the axle tube 101; the piston rod of the downward-pressing cylinder 9 is controlled to extend outwards, the sliding plate 7 moves downwards to drive the guide rail 12 to move downwards, the left sliding block 501 drives the left cantilever 503, the left guide plate 504 and the left V-shaped block 502 to move downwards, the left sliding pin 505 slides along the left guide groove 141, in the process of moving downwards of the left sliding block 501, the axle housing pressing mechanism is capable of sliding towards the right side, meanwhile, the left pressing rod 1103 moves downwards, the right pressing rod of the right axle housing pressing mechanism moves downwards, the left compression spring 1116 is compressed, the left pressed rod 1115 moves downwards, the left reset spring 1109 is compressed, the left connecting rod 1106 moves downwards, the left pulling rod 1107 moves downwards, the left pressing claw driving pin 1113 moves downwards and slides in the left pressing claw sliding groove 1112, the right end of the left pressing claw 1111 presses an annular plane arranged at the edge of the axle housing 102, the left axle housing pressing mechanism 11 and the right axle housing pressing mechanism are symmetrical about a left-right symmetrical plane of the base plate 1, and the left end of the right pressing claw presses the annular plane arranged at the edge of the axle housing 102; the piston rod of the downward pressing cylinder 9 continues to extend outwards, the left compression spring 1116 continues to compress, the pressing force of the left pressing claw 1111 and the right pressing claw pressing the axle housing 102 is increased, the left V-shaped block 502 and the right V-shaped block continue to move downwards and simultaneously clamp the axle pipe 101, the left V-shaped block 502 and the right V-shaped block not only automatically center the axle pipe 101, but also enable the axle pipe 101 to be pressed downwards, and therefore accurate positioning and fixing of the axle pipe 101 are achieved; the piston rod of the left overturning cylinder 303 is controlled to retract, so that the left welding gun fixing seat 305 is enabled to overturn rightwards around the hinge point of the end part of the L-shaped other side of the left welding gun support 304 and the left hinge seat II (308), and the piston rod of the right overturning cylinder of the right welding mechanism retracts, so that the right welding gun fixing seat is enabled to overturn leftwards around the hinge point of the end part of the L-shaped other side of the right welding gun support and the right hinge seat II; controlling the double piston rods of the left welding gun cylinder 306 to extend out, the double piston rods of the right welding gun cylinder of the right welding mechanism to extend out, and aligning the left welding gun 103 and the right welding gun of the right welding mechanism to the welding seam position 104; controlling a wire feeder of a left welding gun 103 and a right welding gun of a right welding mechanism to feed welding wires, welding the bridge pipe 101 and the axle housing 102, and simultaneously controlling the electric rotary table 2 to rotate to realize the circumferential bilateral welding of the bridge pipe 101 and the axle housing 102; after the electric turntable 2 rotates 180 degrees along the circumferential direction, the wire feeder stops feeding wires, and the bridge pipe 101 and the axle housing 102 are welded; controlling the double piston rods of the left welding gun cylinder 306 to retract, and controlling the double piston rods of the right welding gun cylinder of the right welding mechanism to retract; the electric turntable 2 rotates 180 degrees along the circumferential direction in the opposite direction; the piston rod of the left overturning cylinder 303 extends outwards to enable the left welding gun fixing seat 305 to overturn leftwards around the hinge point of the end part of the L-shaped other side of the left welding gun support 304 and the left hinge seat II (308), and the piston rod of the right overturning cylinder of the right welding mechanism extends outwards to enable the right welding gun fixing seat to overturn rightwards around the hinge point of the end part of the L-shaped other side of the right welding gun support and the right hinge seat II; the piston rod of the lower pressing cylinder 9 is controlled to retract, the left V-shaped block 502 and the right V-shaped block are far away from the bridge pipe 101 and move upwards, the left pressing rod 1103 moves upwards, the left compression spring 1116 moves upwards, the left return spring 1109 enables the left pressed rod 1115 to move upwards, the lower end of the left compression spring 1116 is separated from the upper end of the left pressed rod 1115, the left pull rod 1107 moves upwards, the left pressing claw 1111 overturns towards the left side, and the same right pressing claw overturns towards the right side; and (5) taking off the welding parts of the bridge pipe 101 and the axle housing 102, completing the welding of one bridge pipe 101 and the axle housing 102, and repeating the steps to complete the welding of the other bridge pipe and the axle housing.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an automatic tight half-bridge welding set of centering which characterized in that: the base plate (1) is of a bilateral symmetry structure, and the left axle housing pressing mechanism (11) and the right axle housing pressing mechanism, the left welding mechanism (3) and the right welding mechanism (3) are arranged in bilateral symmetry mode about a bilateral symmetry plane of the base plate (1) respectively;
the left upright post (4) and the right upright post are arranged in parallel along the vertical direction, the lower end of the left upright post (4) is fixed on the front side of the base plate (1), the left side and the right side of the lower fixing plate (6) are respectively fixedly connected with the middle parts of the left upright post (4) and the right upright post, the left end and the right end of the sliding plate (7) are respectively connected with the upper parts of the left upright post (4) and the right upright post in a sliding manner, and the left end and the right end of the upper fixing plate (8) are respectively fixedly connected with the upper ends of the left upright post (4) and the;
the upper fixing plate (8) is used for fixing the lower air cylinder (9), and a piston rod of the lower air cylinder (9) is fixed on the sliding plate (7);
the left centering and pressing mechanism (5) comprises a left V-shaped block (502) and a left guide plate (504), a guide rail (12) is fixed on the front side of the sliding plate (7), the guide rail (12) is horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, a left slider (501) is installed on the left portion of the guide rail (12), the left slider (501) is simultaneously used for fixing the rear end of the left guide plate (504) and the front end of a left cantilever (503), a left sliding pin (505) is fixed on the left guide plate (504), a guide plate (14) is fixed on the lower fixing plate (6), the guide plate (14) is of a bilateral symmetry structure, a left guide groove (141) which is inclined from top to bottom to right is formed in the left side of the guide plate (14), the left sliding pin (505) slides in the left guide groove (141), and the left V-shaped block (502) is fixed on the front end of the;
the left axle housing pressing mechanism (11) comprises a left pressing rod (1103), a left loop bar (1104) and a pressing mechanism of the axle housing (102), the left part of the sliding plate (7) fixes the upper part of the left pressing rod (1103), the fixing position of the left pressing rod (1103) on the sliding plate (7) is adjustable along the up-down direction, the lower part of the left pressing rod (1103) is in sliding fit with the inner hole of the left loop bar (1104), the lower end of the left pressing rod (1103) fixes a left compression spring (1116), the upper end of the left pressed rod (1115) fixes a left limit pin (1108), the lower part of the left loop bar (1104) is provided with a left limit groove (1114) which is arranged along the up-down direction, the left limit pin (1108) slides in the left limit groove (1114), the lower end of the left loop bar (1104) coaxially fixes a left reset spring plug (1105), and a left reset spring (1109) is arranged between the left limit pin (1108) and the left, the left reset spring (1109) is sleeved on the left compression rod (1115), a distance is arranged between the upper end of the left compression rod (1115) and the lower end of the left compression spring (1116), the lower end of the left compression rod (1115) is in sliding fit with an inner hole of the left reset spring plug (1105), the lower end of the left compression rod (1115) is connected with a pressing mechanism of the axle housing (102), and the elastic stiffness of the left reset spring (1109) is smaller than that of the left compression spring (1116);
the utility model discloses a bridge tube welding machine, including bed plate (1), base plate (1) on be provided with the lower extreme supporting mechanism of the positioning mechanism of axle housing (102) and bridge tube (101), fixed electric turntable (2) on bed plate (1), connecting hole (1022) coaxial setting of clearance fit bridge tube (101) that electric turntable (2) and axle housing (102) front portion upside set up, fixed left side welding mechanism (3) in electric turntable left side for the welding of connecting hole (1022) upper end coincidence portion on bridge tube (101) and the axle housing.
2. Self-centering clamped half-bridge welding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pressing mechanism of the axle housing (102) comprises a left connecting rod (1106), a left pull rod (1107), a left pressing claw (1111) and a left pressing claw driving pin (1113), the left pressed rod (1115) penetrates through the inner hole at the lower end of the left reset spring plug (1105) downwards to fix the front end of the left connecting rod (1106), the rear end of the left connecting rod (1106) is fixed with the lower end of the left pull rod (1107), the left pull rod (1107) is in sliding fit with a round hole formed in the base plate (1), the left pull rod (1107) penetrates through the base plate (1) upwards to fix a left pressing claw driving pin (1113), a left hinging seat four (1110) is fixed on the base plate, the left pressing claw (1111) is in an L shape, the left hinging seat four (1110) is hinged with the end part of one L-shaped side of the left pressing claw (1111) at a corner, a left pressing claw sliding groove (1112) penetrating through the front and the back is formed from the L-shaped end part of the other side of the left pressing claw (1111), and the middle part of the left pressing claw driving pin (1113) can be in; left pull rod (1107) be located the outer fringe left side of axle housing (102), articulated seat four (1110) be located the left side of left pull rod (1107), the another side tip of the L shape of left side pressure claw (1111) is provided with the left cylinder of axial along fore-and-aft direction.
3. Self-centering clamped half-bridge welding apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the structure of the positioning mechanism of the axle housing (102) and the lower end supporting mechanism of the axle pipe (101) arranged on the base plate (1) is as follows: the upside central point of bed plate (1) put fixed axle housing locating plate (15), the front portion of axle housing locating plate (15) is provided with annular location chamber (151) of indent, location chamber (151) and the lower annular location boss (1021) clearance fit of axle housing (102) front portion setting down for the location of axle housing (102), the upside central point of axle housing locating plate (15) put and be provided with axle pipe support column (152) that upwards stretches out, the external diameter of axle pipe support column (152) is less than the diameter of connecting hole (1022) of the clearance fit axle pipe (101) that axle housing (102) front portion upside set up, be used for conveniently placing axle housing (102) on axle housing locating plate (15) and fix a position, axle pipe support column (152) are used for supporting the lower extreme of axle pipe (101), connecting hole (1022) clearance fit that axle pipe (101) lower extreme and axle housing (102) front portion upside set up, electric turntable (2), The bridge pipe supporting column (152) and the bridge pipe (101) are coaxially arranged.
4. Self-centering clamped half-bridge welding apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the left welding mechanism (3) comprises a left welding seat (301), a left hinged platform I (302), a left overturning cylinder (303), a left welding gun support (304), a left welding gun fixing seat (305), a left welding gun cylinder (306), a left welding gun chuck (307), a left hinged platform II (308) and a left hinged platform III (309), wherein the left side of the rotating part of the electric rotary table (2) is fixed with the left welding seat (301), the middle position of the upper left end of the left welding seat (301) is fixed with the left hinged platform I (302), the left hinged platform I (302) is hinged with the fixing end of the left overturning cylinder (303), the left welding gun support (304) is L-shaped, the middle part of the left welding seat (301) is fixed with the end part of the L-shaped side of the left welding gun support (304), the left welding gun cylinder (306) is fixed on the left welding gun fixing seat (305), the right part of the lower side of the left welding gun fixing seat (305) is fixed with the left hinged platform III (309), the piston rod of articulated seat three (309) and left upset cylinder (303) is articulated, and the articulated seat two (308) in the fixed left in the downside left part of left welding gun fixing base (305), the tip and the articulated seat two (308) in the left of the L shape another side of left welding gun support (304) are articulated, and left welding gun cylinder (306) are double-piston rod cylinder, and the fixed left welding gun chuck (307) of double-piston rod end portion of left welding gun cylinder (306), the fixed left welder (103) of left welding gun chuck (307), left welding seat (301), left articulated platform one (302), left upset cylinder (303), left welding gun support (304), left welding gun fixing base (305), left articulated seat two (308), left articulated seat three (309) constitute rocking block mechanism.
5. Self-centering clamped half-bridge welding apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the structure that the fixed position of the left pressing rod (1103) on the sliding plate (7) is adjustable along the up-down direction is as follows: the left side axle housing hold-down mechanism (11) still include left butterfly bolt (1101), left depression bar fixing base (1102), the left portion rear side of sliding plate (7) fixed left depression bar fixing base (1102), left depression bar fixing base (1102) and left depression bar (1103) upper portion clearance fit, left butterfly bolt (1101) is closed to the downthehole spiral of bolt of left depression bar fixing base (1102) for adjust behind the upper and lower position of left depression bar (1103) and fix left depression bar (1103) on left depression bar fixing base (1102).
6. The method of welding a self-centering clamped half-bridge welding apparatus as set forth in claim 5, wherein:
when the bridge pipe and the axle housing are welded for the first time, debugging is needed, otherwise, the working step is directly entered, and the debugging step is as follows:
step 1: the lower pressing air cylinder (9) is controlled to be in a retracting state, the positioning boss (1021) of the axle housing (102) is inserted into the positioning cavity (151) of the axle housing positioning plate (15), the axle housing (102) is positioned, the lower end of the axle pipe (101) is inserted into a connecting hole (1022) formed in the upper side of the front portion of the axle housing (102), and the lower end of the axle pipe (101) is attached to an axle pipe supporting column (152) and used for positioning the axle pipe (101);
step 2: unscrewing a left butterfly bolt (1101), and unscrewing a right butterfly bolt of a right axle housing pressing mechanism;
and step 3: the piston rod of the downward pressing cylinder (9) is controlled to extend outwards, the sliding plate (7) moves downwards to drive the guide rail (12) to move downwards, the left sliding block (501) drives the left cantilever (503), the left guide plate (504) and the left V-shaped block (502) to move downwards, the left sliding pin (505) slides along the left guide groove (141), the left sliding block (501) simultaneously slides towards the right side in the downward moving process, the distance from the left V-shaped block (502) to the bridge pipe is shortened, the right sliding block of the right centering pressing mechanism simultaneously slides towards the left side in the downward moving process, and the distance from the right V-shaped block to the bridge pipe (101) is shortened; when the distance between the left V-shaped block (502) or the right V-shaped block and the contact bridge pipe (101) is 2-3mm, controlling a piston rod of the pressing cylinder (9) to stop extending outwards;
and 4, step 4: the left pressing rod (1103) is pressed downwards manually, the right pressing rod of the right axle housing pressing mechanism is pressed downwards, the left pressing rod (1103) moves downwards, the left compression spring (1116) is compressed, the left pressed rod (1115) moves downwards, the left reset spring (1109) is compressed, the left connecting rod (1106) moves downwards, the left pull rod (1107) moves downwards, the left pressing claw driving pin (1113) moves downwards and slides in the left pressing claw sliding groove (1112), the right end of the left pressing claw (1111) presses an annular plane arranged at the edge of the axle housing (102), the left end of the right pressing claw of the right axle housing pressing mechanism presses the annular plane arranged at the edge of the axle housing (102), the upper ends of the left pressing rod (1103) and the right pressing rod are at the same horizontal height, and the forces for pressing the left pressing claw (1111) and the right pressing claw to press the axle housing;
and 5: the left butterfly bolt (1101) is screwed, the right butterfly bolt of the right axle housing pressing mechanism is screwed, and the left pressing rod (1103) and the right pressing rod are respectively fixed on the left pressing rod fixing seat (1102) and the right pressing rod fixing seat;
step 6: the piston rod of the downward pressing air cylinder (9) is controlled to retract, the left V-shaped block (502) and the right V-shaped block move upwards and are far away from the bridge pipe (101), the left pressing rod (1103) moves upwards, the left compression spring (1116) moves upwards, the left reset spring (1109) enables the left pressed rod (1115) to move upwards, the lower end of the left compression spring (1116) and the upper end of the left pressed rod (1115) have a distance, the left pull rod (1107) moves upwards, the left pressing claw (1111) turns over to the left side, and the right pressing claw turns over to the right side;
and 7: the double piston rods of the left welding gun cylinder (306) are controlled to retract, the double piston rods of the right welding gun cylinder of the right welding mechanism retract, the piston rod of the left overturning cylinder (303) extends outwards, so that the left welding gun fixing seat (305) is overturned leftwards around the hinge point of the end part of the L-shaped other side of the left welding gun support (304) and the left hinge seat II (308), the piston rod of the right overturning cylinder of the right welding mechanism extends outwards, and the right welding gun fixing seat is overturned rightwards around the hinge point of the end part of the L-shaped other side of the right welding gun support and the right hinge seat II;
and 8: taking down the bridge pipe (101) and the axle housing (102) to finish debugging;
the working stage is as follows:
step 1: inserting a positioning boss (1021) of an axle housing (102) into a positioning cavity (151) of an axle housing positioning plate (15) to realize positioning of the axle housing (102), inserting the lower end of an axle tube (101) into a connecting hole (1022) formed in the upper side of the front part of the axle housing (102), and attaching the lower end of the axle tube (101) to an axle tube supporting column (152) for positioning the axle tube (101);
step 2: the piston rod of the downward-pressing cylinder (9) is controlled to extend outwards, the sliding plate (7) moves downwards to drive the guide rail (12) to move downwards, the left slider (501) drives the left cantilever (503), the left guide plate (504) and the left V-shaped block (502) to move downwards, the left sliding pin (505) slides along the left guide groove (141), the left slider (501) simultaneously slides towards the right side in the downward-moving process, the left pressure rod (1103) moves downwards, the right pressure rod of the right axle housing pressing mechanism moves downwards, the left compression spring (1116) compresses, the left pressure rod (1115) moves downwards, the left reset spring (1109) compresses, the left connecting rod (1106) moves downwards, the left pull rod (1107) moves downwards, the left pressing claw driving pin (1113) moves downwards and slides in the left pressing claw sliding groove (1112), the left pressing claw (1111) presses an annular plane arranged at the edge of the axle housing (102), and the left axle housing pressing mechanism (11) and right axle housing pressing mechanism are symmetrical about the left-right symmetrical plane of the base, the left end of the right pressing claw presses an annular plane arranged at the edge of the axle housing (102);
and step 3: the piston rod of the downward pressing cylinder (9) continuously extends outwards, the left compression spring (1116) continuously compresses, the pressing force of the left pressing claw (1111) and the right pressing claw pressing the axle housing (102) is increased, the left V-shaped block (502) and the right V-shaped block continuously move downwards and simultaneously clamp the axle pipe (101), the left V-shaped block (502) and the right V-shaped block not only automatically center the axle pipe (101), but also enable the axle pipe (101) to be subjected to downward pressure, and therefore accurate positioning and fixing of the axle pipe (101) are achieved;
and 4, step 4: the piston rod of the left overturning cylinder (303) is controlled to retract, so that the left welding gun fixing seat (305) is enabled to overturn rightwards around the hinge point of the end part of the L-shaped other side of the left welding gun support (304) and the left hinge seat II (308), the piston rod of the right overturning cylinder of the right welding mechanism retracts, and the right welding gun fixing seat is enabled to overturn leftwards around the hinge point of the end part of the L-shaped other side of the right welding gun support and the right hinge seat II;
and 5: controlling the double piston rods of a left welding gun cylinder (306) to extend out, the double piston rods of a right welding gun cylinder of the right welding mechanism to extend out, and aligning a left welding gun (103) and a right welding gun of the right welding mechanism to a welding seam position (104);
step 6: the welding wire feeder of the left welding gun (103) and the right welding gun of the right welding mechanism is controlled to feed welding wires, the bridge pipe (101) and the axle housing (102) are welded, and meanwhile, the electric rotary table (2) is controlled to rotate, so that the circumferential bilateral welding of the bridge pipe (101) and the axle housing (102) is realized;
and 7: after the electric rotary table (2) rotates 180 degrees along the circumferential direction, the wire feeder stops feeding wires to complete the welding of the bridge pipe (101) and the axle housing (102), and the double piston rods of the left welding gun cylinder (306) and the right welding gun cylinder of the right welding mechanism are controlled to retract;
and 8: controlling the electric rotary table (2) to reversely rotate for 180 degrees along the circumferential direction;
and step 9: the piston rod of the left overturning cylinder (303) is controlled to extend outwards, so that the left welding gun fixing seat (305) is enabled to overturn leftwards around the hinge point of the end part of the L-shaped other side of the left welding gun support (304) and the left hinge seat II (308), the piston rod of the right overturning cylinder of the right welding mechanism extends outwards, and the right welding gun fixing seat is enabled to overturn rightwards around the hinge point of the end part of the L-shaped other side of the right welding gun support and the right hinge seat II;
step 10: the piston rod of the lower pressing cylinder (9) is controlled to retract, the left V-shaped block (502) and the right V-shaped block are far away from the bridge pipe (101) and move upwards, the left pressing rod (1103) moves upwards, the left compression spring (1116) moves upwards, the left return spring (1109) enables the left pressed rod (1115) to move upwards, the left pull rod (1107) moves upwards, the left pressing claw (1111) overturns towards the left side, and the same right pressing claw overturns towards the right side;
step 11: and (3) taking off the welding parts of the bridge pipe (101) and the axle housing (102), completing the welding of one bridge pipe (101) and the axle housing (102), and repeating the steps to complete the welding of the other bridge pipe and the axle housing.
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| CN112756873A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-05-07 | 苏州勖成精密电子有限公司 | Iron-clad straight seam welding equipment |
| CN116275669B (en) * | 2023-05-23 | 2023-08-04 | 江苏天叙照明集团有限公司 | Street lamp pole welding machine |
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