CN110323511A - Chemical method disposes waste lithium cell system and waste lithium battery treatment - Google Patents
Chemical method disposes waste lithium cell system and waste lithium battery treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN110323511A CN110323511A CN201910620775.1A CN201910620775A CN110323511A CN 110323511 A CN110323511 A CN 110323511A CN 201910620775 A CN201910620775 A CN 201910620775A CN 110323511 A CN110323511 A CN 110323511A
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- Prior art keywords
- lithium cell
- waste lithium
- setting
- cobalt
- interconnected
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- ZDFBXXSHBTVQMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexoxy(2-ethylhexyl)phosphinic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)CC(CC)CCCC ZDFBXXSHBTVQMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006166 lysate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910012820 LiCoO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEFIWYZWIQKEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;lithium Chemical group [Li].OC(O)=O PNEFIWYZWIQKEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0015—Obtaining aluminium by wet processes
- C22B21/0023—Obtaining aluminium by wet processes from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
- C22B23/043—Sulfurated acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
- C22B26/12—Obtaining lithium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/008—Wet processes by an alkaline or ammoniacal leaching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to chemical methods to dispose waste lithium cell technical field, and a kind of chemical method disposition waste lithium cell system is disclosed, including successively in waste lithium cell storage device, rough and torn crushing device, scalping separating device, thin broken crushing device, dusting cover separating device, aluminium leaching device, cobalt and the lithium leaching device and metal extraction device that setting is connected in series；Further including with scalping separating device is in the recyclable device one for being connected with each other setting and dusting cover separating device is in the recyclable device two of interconnection setting, is in the recyclable device three that interconnection is arranged, the recyclable device four and recyclable device five that are arranged with metal extraction device in interconnection with aluminium leaching device.The invention also discloses a kind of processing methods of chemical method disposition waste lithium cell system.The present invention solves the technical issues of valuable resource can not still realize comprehensive recycling in waste lithium cell.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical methods to dispose waste lithium cell technical field, and specially a kind of chemical method disposes waste lithium cell
System and waste lithium battery treatment.
Background technique
Lithium battery is broadly divided into two classes: lithium metal battery and lithium ion battery；Wherein, lithium ion battery passes through 500-
After 1000 charge and discharge cycles, active material will lose activity, and the capacity of battery is caused to decline and scrap battery.Lithium
Being widely used for ion battery certainly will bring a large amount of old and useless batterys, if arbitrarily discarding can not only cause serious dirt to environment to it
Dye, even more to the waste of resource.If the resource in waste and old lithium ion battery can be recycled, either from environmental protection side
From the aspects of the recycling of face or resource, all it is of great significance.
Application publication number is that the application for a patent for invention of CN108470956A discloses a kind of chemical method disposition waste lithium cell
System and waste lithium battery treatment, including concatenated waste lithium cell material bin, broken sorter, positive feeder, perseverance
Warm enamel reaction still, first filter, filter residue feeder, room temperature acidity enamel reaction still and the second filter.Constant temperature enamel is anti-
The adjustable speed blender cooperation real-time monitoring device being arranged in kettle and room temperature acidity enamel reaction still is answered, reaction rate is controlled.It should
Application for a patent for invention is by reaching the positive electrode LiCoO in recycling refuse battery for waste lithium cell recycling2In rare gold
The purpose for belonging to cobalt realizes resource reclaim while administering battery pollution problem.
But the technical solution of foregoing invention patent application is to solve time of the rare metal cobalt in waste lithium cell
Receipts problem, there is no the recycling of other metal materials solved the problems, such as in waste lithium cell, more without solving waste lithium cell
In nonmetallic resource recycling problem.
The present invention provides a kind of chemical method disposition waste lithium cell system and waste lithium battery treatment, it is intended to solve useless
Valuable resource can not still realize the technical issues of comprehensive recycling in old lithium pond.
Summary of the invention
(1) the technical issues of solving
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of chemical method disposition waste lithium cell system and useless old lithiums
Pond processing method solves the technical issues of valuable resource can not still realize comprehensive recycling in waste lithium cell.
(2) technical solution
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
Chemical method dispose waste lithium cell system, including successively in be connected in series setting waste lithium cell storage device,
Rough and torn crushing device, scalping separating device, thin broken crushing device, dusting cover separating device, aluminium leaching device, cobalt and lithium leaching device and metal extract
Take device；It further include being set in the recyclable device one of interconnection setting, with dusting cover separating device in interconnection with scalping separating device
The recyclable device two set, with aluminium leaching device in being connected with each other the recyclable device three of setting, with metal extraction device be in mutually to interconnect
Connect the recyclable device four and recyclable device five of setting；
Wherein, the feed inlet of the discharge port of waste lithium cell storage device and rough and torn crushing device is in the setting that is interconnected, slightly
The discharge port of crushing device and the feed inlet of scalping separating device are arranged in being interconnected, recovered material on the sieve of scalping separating device
The feed inlet of discharge gate and recyclable device one is in interconnected setting, the discharge gate and fine crushing of the undersize material of scalping separating device
The feed inlet of device is in the device that is interconnected, and the discharge port of thin broken crushing device is set with the feed inlet of dusting cover separating device in being interconnected
It sets, the feed inlet of the discharge gate Yu recyclable device two of recovered material is in the setting that is interconnected, dusting cover point on the sieve of dusting cover separating device
The discharge gate of the undersize material of device and the feed inlet of aluminium leaching device are in the device that is interconnected；
The discharge gate of aluminium lysate in aluminium leaching device and the feed inlet of recyclable device three are in the setting that is interconnected, aluminium leaching
The feed inlet of the discharge gate containing cobalt and lithium residue in device and cobalt and lithium leaching device is in setting, cobalt and the lithium of being interconnected out
The feed inlet of the cobalt of leaching device and the discharge gate of lithium lysate and metal extraction device is in the setting that is interconnected, metal extraction dress
The feed inlet of the outlet containing cobalt extract liquor and recyclable device four set contains in the setting that is interconnected, metal extraction device
The outlet of lithium sediment and the feed inlet of recyclable device five are in the setting that is interconnected.
Further, the feed inlet of the discharge port of the waste lithium cell storage device and electric discharge device is set in being interconnected
It sets, the feed inlet of the discharge port of electric discharge device and rough and torn crushing device is in the setting that is interconnected.
Further, the bleeding point one of the air inlet of the rough and torn crushing device and vacuum evacuation device is in the setting that is interconnected.
Further, the bleeding point two of the air inlet of the thin broken crushing device and vacuum evacuation device is in the setting that is interconnected.
Chemical method disposes the processing method of waste lithium cell system, the treating method comprises following steps:
S1. the discharge treatment of waste lithium cell
Waste lithium cell is sent in electric discharge device from waste lithium cell storage device, electric discharge device is by waste lithium cell
The electricity of interior remnants releases completely；
S2. the coarse crushing processing of waste lithium cell
Vacuum evacuation device is first by the coarse crushing chamber vacuum state in rough and torn crushing device, and rough and torn crushing device is again in vacuum shape
Coarse crushing processing is carried out to waste lithium cell under state；
S3. in waste lithium cell plastics, aluminium alloy, copper foil and aluminium foil resource recovery processing
It obstructs plastics, aluminium alloy, copper foil and aluminium foil above the filter screen of scalping separating device and is transferred into recyclable device
It is recycled in one, other rough and torn broken materials then run through the sieve pore of the filter screen of scalping separating device, are transferred into thin broken crushing device
It is interior；
S4. the fine crushing processing of remaining rough and torn broken material
Vacuum evacuation device is first by the fine crushing chamber vacuum state in thin broken crushing device, and thin broken crushing device is again in vacuum shape
Fine crushing processing is carried out to remaining rough and torn broken material under state；
S5. in waste lithium cell aluminum plastic film resource recovery processing
Aluminum plastic film of the barrier above the filter screen of dusting cover separating device, which is transferred into recyclable device two, to be recycled, other
Thin broken broken material then runs through the sieve pore of the filter screen of dusting cover separating device, is transferred into aluminium leaching device；
S6. in waste lithium cell bauxite resource recovery processing
Sodium hydroxide solution in aluminium leaching device is adjusted to the sodium hydroxide solution that mass fraction is 10-15%, and
It is heated to 30-40 DEG C, so that other thin broken broken materials is impregnated 1-3h in the sodium hydroxide solution, the aluminium in thin broken broken material is in hydrogen
It dissolving and leaches in sodium hydroxide solution, the aluminium being dissolved in sodium hydroxide solution is transferred into recyclable device three and is recycled,
The remaining thin broken broken material containing cobalt and lithium residue is then transferred into cobalt and lithium leaching device；
S7. in thin broken broken material cobalt and lithium dissolution leaching process
Acid dissoluting liquid in cobalt and lithium leaching device is configured to by 2mol.L-1H2SO4And 2-6vol%H2O2The acid of composition
Lysate, and it is heated to 60-80 DEG C, the cobalt and lithium in thin broken broken material dissolve leaching in the acid dissoluting liquid, and dissolution, which is leached, to be had
The acid dissoluting liquid of cobalt and lithium is transferred into metal extraction device；
S8. in old and useless battery cobalt and lithium resource recovery processing
It is 0.9-1mol.L that extractant PC-88A, which is configured to concentration,-1, PH=5.5-6 PC-88A extract liquor, be added to
In metal extraction device, 2-5h is extracted, cobalt therein is extracted in extract liquor, and the extract liquor containing cobalt is transferred into recycling dress
It sets in four and is recycled, do not enter the lithium in extract liquor organic phase and be then precipitated out in the form of lithium carbonate, and be transferred into back
It is recycled in receiving apparatus five.
Further, in the step S6, sodium hydroxide solution is adjusted to the sodium hydroxide solution that mass fraction is 10%,
And it is heated to 30 DEG C.
Further, in the step S7, acid dissoluting liquid is by 2mol.L-1H2SO4And 6vol%H2O2Composition, is heated to 60
℃。
Further, in the step S8, the concentration of PC-88A extract liquor is 0.9mol.L-1And PH=6.
(3) beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention provides at a kind of chemical method disposition waste lithium cell system and waste lithium cell
Reason method, have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, disposition waste lithium cell system, by successively recycling plastics, aluminium alloy, copper foil in waste lithium cell step by step
With aluminium foil resource, aluminum plastic film resource is recycled, bauxite resource, last Call Provision and lithium resource is recycled, realizes and recycle waste and old lithium comprehensively
The technical effect of valuable resource in battery.
2, the disposition waste lithium cell system is released electricity remaining in waste lithium cell by electric discharge device completely
Come, this technical solution solves during broken worn-out lithium battery, because remaining has electricity in battery, is easy to happen short
Dangerous technical problem is caused on road.
3, disposition waste lithium cell system, by making rough and torn crushing device and thin broken crushing device under vacuum conditions to waste and old
Lithium battery carries out break process, this technical solution solves lithium metal remaining on waste lithium cell cathode, in moist ring
Perhaps vigorous oxidation can occur in air in border so that the technical issues of burning or exploding, generate security risk occur.
4, the processing method of the disposition waste lithium cell system first passes through the different broken pre- place with screening of degree twice
Reason method realizes the technical effect of gradually Selective Separation recycled plastic, aluminium alloy, copper foil, aluminium foil and aluminum plastic film；
Leaching method is dissolved by aqueous slkali again, realizes the technical effect of Selective Separation recycling bauxite resource；Then lead to again
The method that peracid solutions dissolution is leached dissolves cobalt and lithium resource and leaches, separates cobalt and lithium finally by extracting process
The technical effect of Selective Separation Call Provision and lithium is realized in recycling；
This technical solution realizes the technical effect of various valuable resources in recycling waste lithium cell comprehensively.
5, the processing method of the disposition waste lithium cell system is by the way that sodium hydroxide solution is adjusted to mass fraction
10% sodium hydroxide solution, and be heated to 30 DEG C makes cobalt and aluminium can be realized separation more thoroughly, realizes and more thoroughly separate
The technical effect of Call Provision and aluminium.
6, the processing method of the disposition waste lithium cell system, by by 2mol.L-1H2SO4And 6vol%H2O2It is configured to
Acid dissoluting liquid, and 60 DEG C are heated to, the leaching dissolution rate of cobalt and lithium reaches 99%, realizes the leaching for significantly improving cobalt and lithium
The technical effect of dissolution rate.
7, the processing method of the disposition waste lithium cell system, by the way that the concentration of PC-88A extract liquor to be formulated as
0.9mol.L-1And PH=6, the extraction yield of cobalt can reach 100%, realize the technical effect for significantly improving the extraction yield of cobalt.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the logic diagram that chemical method of the present invention disposes waste lithium cell system；
Fig. 2 is the logic diagram for the processing method that chemical method of the present invention disposes waste lithium cell system.
Specific embodiment
Chemical method disposes waste lithium cell system, referring to Fig. 1, including successively depositing in the waste lithium cell that setting is connected in series
Storage device, electric discharge device, rough and torn crushing device, scalping separating device, thin broken crushing device, dusting cover separating device, aluminium leaching device, cobalt and lithium
It is in be connected with each other vacuumizing for setting that leaching device and metal extraction device, which further include with rough and torn crushing device, thin broken crushing device,
Device, while further including is in be connected with each other the recyclable device one being arranged and dusting cover separating device in interconnection with scalping separating device
The recyclable device two of setting, the recyclable device three being arranged with aluminium leaching device in interconnection and metal extraction device are in mutual
Connect the recyclable device four and recyclable device five of setting；
Wherein, waste lithium cell storage device is mainly used for storing waste lithium cell, and waste lithium cell storage device goes out
The feed inlet of material mouth and electric discharge device is in the setting that is interconnected；
Electric discharge device is mainly used for completely releasing electricity remaining in waste lithium cell, the discharge port of electric discharge device
Feed inlet with rough and torn crushing device is in the setting that is interconnected；
Rough and torn crushing device is mainly used for carrying out coarse crushing processing to waste lithium cell, divides li battery shell and inner core
From, while separate collector with the active ingredients substances on positive and negative anodes, and the air inlet of rough and torn crushing device with vacuumize
The bleeding point one of device is in be interconnected in the discharge port of be interconnected setting, rough and torn crushing device and the feed inlet of scalping separating device
Setting；
Scalping separating device is mainly used for the plastics that will be had on shell and aluminium alloy and copper foil and aluminium as collector
Foil is separated and recovered from coarse particles and is come out, and on the sieve of scalping separating device the discharge gate Yu recyclable device one of recovered material charging
Mouth is in the dress that is interconnected in the discharge gate of the undersize material of be interconnected setting, scalping separating device and the feed inlet of thin broken crushing device
It sets；
Thin broken crushing device is mainly used for carrying out fine crushing processing to rough and torn particle, make aluminum plastic film as lithium battery diaphragm with
Active ingredients substances are separated, and the bleeding point two of the air inlet of thin broken crushing device and vacuum evacuation device is set in being interconnected
It sets, the discharge port of thin broken crushing device and the feed inlet of dusting cover separating device are arranged in being interconnected；
Dusting cover separating device, which is mainly used for recycling aluminum plastic film from disentegrated particles, to be come out, recovered material on the sieve of dusting cover separating device
Discharge gate and recyclable device two feed inlet in be interconnected setting, dusting cover separating device undersize material discharge gate and aluminium leaching
The feed inlet of device is in the device that is interconnected out；
It is stored with sodium hydroxide solution in aluminium leaching device, which is mainly used to dissolution and leaches bauxite resource,
It is completely separated cobalt and aluminium, the discharge gate of the aluminium lysate in aluminium leaching device and the feed inlet of recyclable device three are in interconnection
It is arranged, the discharge gate containing cobalt and lithium residue and the feed inlet of cobalt and lithium leaching device in aluminium leaching device are set in being interconnected
It sets；
It is stored with the acid dissoluting liquid being made of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide in cobalt and lithium leaching device, which is mainly used for
The cobalt and the discharge gate of lithium lysate and the feed inlet of metal extraction device of dissolved cobalt and lithium, cobalt and lithium leaching device are in mutually to interconnect
Logical setting；
Extractant PC-88A is stored in metal extraction device, extractant PC-88A is mainly used for dividing cobalt and lithium thoroughly
From the outlet containing cobalt extract liquor of metal extraction device and the feed inlet of recyclable device four are in the setting that is interconnected, metal
The outlet containing lithium sediment of extraction equipment and the feed inlet of recyclable device five are in the setting that is interconnected.
Chemical method disposes the processing method of waste lithium cell system, referring to fig. 2, comprising the following steps:
S1. the discharge treatment of waste lithium cell
Waste lithium cell is sent in electric discharge device from waste lithium cell storage device, electric discharge device is by waste lithium cell
The electricity of interior remnants releases completely；
Wherein, the technical solution that electricity remaining in waste lithium cell releases completely is to solve by electric discharge device
Short circuit occurs during broken for waste lithium cell, causes dangerous technical problem；
S2. the coarse crushing processing of waste lithium cell
The waste lithium cell to discharge completely in step S1 is sent in rough and torn crushing device from electric discharge device, vacuum evacuation device
First by the coarse crushing chamber vacuum state in rough and torn crushing device, rough and torn crushing device again under vacuum conditions to waste lithium cell into
Row coarse crushing processing, separates li battery shell with inner core, while making the active ingredients substances on collector and positive and negative anodes
It is separated, rough and torn broken material is prepared；
Wherein, rough and torn crushing device under vacuum conditions to waste lithium cell carry out coarse crushing processing technical solution be in order to
The lithium metal solved on cathode of lithium battery has remnants, and remaining lithium metal can occur acutely in a humid environment or in air
Oxidation, so that the technical issues of burning or exploding, generate security risk occur；
S3. in waste lithium cell plastics, aluminium alloy, copper foil and aluminium foil resource recovery processing
The rough and torn broken material prepared in step S2 is sent in scalping separating device from rough and torn crushing device, scalping separating device makes
Plastics, aluminium alloy, copper foil and aluminium foil are separated with other coarse crushing materials, are blocked on above the filter screen of scalping separating device
Plastics, aluminium alloy, copper foil and aluminium foil, which are transferred into recyclable device one, realizes recycling purpose, other rough and torn broken materials then run through thick
The sieve pore of the filter screen of screening plant is transferred into thin broken crushing device；
S4. the fine crushing processing of remaining rough and torn broken material
Vacuum evacuation device is first by the fine crushing chamber vacuum state in thin broken crushing device, and thin broken crushing device is again in vacuum shape
Fine crushing processing is carried out to remaining rough and torn broken material under state, separates aluminum plastic film with active ingredients substances, is prepared thin
Broken material；
The technical solution that thin broken crushing device carries out fine crushing processing to remaining rough and torn broken material under vacuum conditions be in order to
The lithium metal further solved on cathode of lithium battery has remnants, and remaining lithium metal can be sent out in a humid environment or in air
Raw vigorous oxidation, so that the technical issues of burning or exploding, generate security risk occur；
S5. in waste lithium cell aluminum plastic film resource recovery processing
The thin broken broken material prepared in step S4 is sent in dusting cover separating device from thin broken crushing device, dusting cover separating device makes
Aluminum plastic film is separated with other fine crushing materials, is blocked on the aluminum plastic film above the filter screen of dusting cover separating device and is transferred into back
Recycling purpose is realized in receiving apparatus two, other thin broken broken materials then run through the sieve pore of the filter screen of dusting cover separating device, are transferred into
In aluminium leaching device；
S6. in waste lithium cell bauxite resource recovery processing
Sodium hydroxide solution in aluminium leaching device is adjusted to the sodium hydroxide solution that mass fraction is 10-15%, and
It is heated to 30-40 DEG C, other thin broken broken materials obtained in step S5 is made to impregnate 1-3h, thin broken in above-mentioned sodium hydroxide solution
Aluminium dissolution in broken material is leached in sodium hydroxide solution, and the aluminium being dissolved in sodium hydroxide solution is transferred into recyclable device
Recycling purpose is realized in three, remaining contains cobalt and the thin broken broken material of lithium residue is then transferred into cobalt and lithium leaching device；
Wherein, sodium hydroxide solution is adjusted to mass fraction as 10% sodium hydroxide solution, and is heated to 30 DEG C, this
Technical solution can make the separation of cobalt and aluminium realization more thoroughly；
S7. in waste lithium cell cobalt and lithium dissolution leaching process
Acid dissoluting liquid in cobalt and lithium leaching device is configured to by 2mol.L-1H2SO4And 2-6vol%H2O2The acid of composition
Lysate, and it is heated to 60-80 DEG C, make the thin broken broken material containing cobalt and lithium residue obtained in step S6 in above-mentioned acid dissolution
2-4h is impregnated in liquid, the cobalt and lithium dissolution in thin broken broken material leach in above-mentioned acid dissoluting liquid, and dissolution, which is prepared, and leaches has
The acid dissoluting liquid of cobalt and lithium；
Wherein, acid dissoluting liquid is by 2mol.L-1H2SO4And 6vol%H2O2Composition, and 60 DEG C are heated to, this technical solution
The leaching dissolution rate of cobalt and lithium is set to reach 99%；
S8. in old and useless battery cobalt and lithium resource recovery processing
There is the acid dissoluting liquid of cobalt and lithium to be sent in metal extraction device the dissolution prepared in step S7 leaching, by metal
It is 0.9-1mol.L that extractant PC-88A in extraction equipment, which is configured to concentration,-1, PH=5.5-6 PC-88A extract liquor, and add
Enter to dissolution and leach in the acid dissoluting liquid for having cobalt and lithium, extract 2-5h, the cobalt in acid dissoluting liquid is extracted in extract liquor, contains
The extract liquor of cobalt, which is transferred into recyclable device four, realizes recycling purpose, does not enter the lithium in extract liquor organic phase then with carbonic acid
Lithium form is precipitated out, and is transferred into recyclable device five and is realized recycling purpose；
Wherein, the concentration of PC-88A extract liquor is 0.9mol.L-1And when PH=6, the extraction yield of cobalt can reach 100%.
Claims (8)
1. chemical method disposes waste lithium cell system, it is characterised in that: including successively in the waste lithium cell that setting is connected in series
Storage device, rough and torn crushing device, scalping separating device, thin broken crushing device, dusting cover separating device, aluminium leaching device, cobalt and lithium leach dress
It sets and metal extraction device；It further include being in the recyclable device one of interconnection setting, with dusting cover separating device with scalping separating device
It is connected with each other the recyclable device two of setting, filled with aluminium leaching device in the recyclable device three of interconnection setting, with metal extraction
It sets in the recyclable device four and recyclable device five for being connected with each other setting；
Wherein, the feed inlet of the discharge port of waste lithium cell storage device and rough and torn crushing device is in the setting that is interconnected, coarse crushing
The discharge port of device and the feed inlet of scalping separating device are arranged in being interconnected, the discharge of recovered material on the sieve of scalping separating device
Mouthful with the feed inlet of recyclable device one in be interconnected be arranged, the discharge gate and thin broken crushing device of the undersize material of scalping separating device
Feed inlet be in the device that is interconnected, the feed inlet of the discharge port of thin broken crushing device and dusting cover separating device in the setting that is interconnected,
The feed inlet of the discharge gate Yu recyclable device two of recovered material is in the setting, dusting cover separating device of being interconnected on the sieve of dusting cover separating device
Undersize material discharge gate and aluminium leaching device feed inlet be in be interconnected device；
In the setting that is interconnected, aluminium leaches dress for the discharge gate of aluminium lysate in aluminium leaching device and the feed inlet of recyclable device three
The feed inlet of the discharge gate containing cobalt and lithium residue and cobalt and lithium leaching device in setting is leached in the setting that is interconnected, cobalt and lithium
The feed inlet of the cobalt of device and the discharge gate of lithium lysate and metal extraction device is arranged in being interconnected, metal extraction device
The feed inlet of outlet containing cobalt extract liquor and recyclable device four sinks in the setting that is interconnected, metal extraction device containing lithium
The outlet of starch and the feed inlet of recyclable device five are in the setting that is interconnected.
2. disposition waste lithium cell system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the waste lithium cell storage device
Discharge port and electric discharge device feed inlet in be interconnected setting, the feed inlet of the discharge port of electric discharge device and rough and torn crushing device
In interconnected setting.
3. disposition waste lithium cell system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the air inlet of the rough and torn crushing device
Bleeding point one with vacuum evacuation device is in the setting that is interconnected.
4. disposition waste lithium cell system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the air inlet of the thin broken crushing device
Bleeding point two with vacuum evacuation device is in the setting that is interconnected.
5. the processing method of chemical method disposition waste lithium cell system, it is characterised in that: the treating method comprises following steps:
S1. the discharge treatment of waste lithium cell
Waste lithium cell is sent in electric discharge device from waste lithium cell storage device, electric discharge device will be residual in waste lithium cell
Remaining electricity releases completely；
S2. the coarse crushing processing of waste lithium cell
Vacuum evacuation device is first by the coarse crushing chamber vacuum state in rough and torn crushing device, and rough and torn crushing device is again under vacuum conditions
Coarse crushing processing is carried out to waste lithium cell；
S3. in waste lithium cell plastics, aluminium alloy, copper foil and aluminium foil resource recovery processing
Plastics, aluminium alloy, copper foil and aluminium foil above the filter screen of scalping separating device is obstructed to be transferred into recyclable device one
It is recycled, other rough and torn broken materials then run through the sieve pore of the filter screen of scalping separating device, are transferred into thin broken crushing device；
S4. the fine crushing processing of remaining rough and torn broken material
Vacuum evacuation device is first by the fine crushing chamber vacuum state in thin broken crushing device, and thin broken crushing device is again under vacuum conditions
Fine crushing processing is carried out to remaining rough and torn broken material；
S5. in waste lithium cell aluminum plastic film resource recovery processing
Aluminum plastic film of the barrier above the filter screen of dusting cover separating device, which is transferred into recyclable device two, to be recycled, other thin brokens
Broken material then runs through the sieve pore of the filter screen of dusting cover separating device, is transferred into aluminium leaching device；
S6. in waste lithium cell bauxite resource recovery processing
Sodium hydroxide solution in aluminium leaching device is adjusted to mass fraction and is the sodium hydroxide solution of 10-15%, and is heated
To 30-40 DEG C, other thin broken broken materials are made to impregnate 1-3h in the sodium hydroxide solution, the aluminium in thin broken broken material is in hydroxide
It dissolves and leaches in sodium solution, the aluminium being dissolved in sodium hydroxide solution is transferred into recyclable device three and is recycled, remaining contains
There is the thin broken broken material of cobalt and lithium residue to be then transferred into cobalt and lithium leaching device；
S7. in thin broken broken material cobalt and lithium dissolution leaching process
Acid dissoluting liquid in cobalt and lithium leaching device is configured to by 2mol.L-1H2SO4And 2-6vol%H2O2The acid dissolution of composition
Liquid, and be heated to 60-80 DEG C, the cobalt and lithium in thin broken broken material dissolve leaching in the acid dissoluting liquid, dissolution leach have cobalt and
The acid dissoluting liquid of lithium is transferred into metal extraction device；
S8. in old and useless battery cobalt and lithium resource recovery processing
It is 0.9-1mol.L that extractant PC-88A, which is configured to concentration,-1, PH=5.5-6 PC-88A extract liquor, be added to metal
In extraction equipment, 2-5h is extracted, cobalt therein is extracted in extract liquor, and the extract liquor containing cobalt is transferred into recyclable device four
It is inside recycled, is not entered the lithium in extract liquor organic phase and be then precipitated out in the form of lithium carbonate, and be transferred into recycling dress
It sets in five and is recycled.
6. processing method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: in the step S6, sodium hydroxide solution is adjusted to
Mass fraction is 10% sodium hydroxide solution, and is heated to 30 DEG C.
7. processing method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: in the step S7, acid dissoluting liquid is by 2mol.L- 1H2SO4And 6vol%H2O2Composition, is heated to 60 DEG C.
8. processing method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: in the step S8, the concentration of PC-88A extract liquor
For 0.9mol.L-1And PH=6.
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