CN110319920B - Noise quantitative forecasting method and system based on equipment equivalent sound source point - Google Patents

Noise quantitative forecasting method and system based on equipment equivalent sound source point Download PDF

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CN110319920B
CN110319920B CN201910403177.9A CN201910403177A CN110319920B CN 110319920 B CN110319920 B CN 110319920B CN 201910403177 A CN201910403177 A CN 201910403177A CN 110319920 B CN110319920 B CN 110319920B
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CN110319920A (en
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漆琼芳
邓海华
张苗
蒋士亮
易足希
薛朋
李耀飞
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719th Research Institute of CSIC
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    • G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a noise quantitative forecasting method, a system and a computer readable storage medium based on an equipment equivalent sound source point, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring global coordinates of an off-site observation point and origin global coordinates corresponding to a local coordinate origin of the starting equipment; acquiring an equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and acquiring equivalent sound source point local coordinates corresponding to the starting device from a device equivalent sound source point database; converting the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source point into the global coordinates of the equivalent sound source point according to the global coordinates of the off-site observation point and the global coordinates of the origin; obtaining the relative position of an off-site observation point and an equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device; calculating a first total sound pressure level of an equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device in a semi-free state at an off-site observation point; performing attenuation processing on the first total sound pressure level to obtain a second total sound pressure level of the corresponding equivalent sound source point of the starting device in the installation state at an off-site observation point; outputting the second total sound pressure level.

Description

Noise quantitative forecasting method and system based on equipment equivalent sound source point
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of noise calculation, in particular to a noise quantitative forecasting method and system based on an equipment equivalent sound source point.
Background
In the fields of ships, vehicles, rail trains and the like, equipment in the ships, the vehicles and the rail trains radiate noise to the outside during operation, and the comfort of residents around the rails is seriously influenced. Therefore, there is a demand for noise indexes of various items at the time of delivery and acceptance of a project such as a ship, a vehicle, a rail train, or the like, and if the noise indexes are exceeded, the project cannot be delivered for use. Therefore, in the project design stage, the noise value of the device to the outside needs to be forecasted according to the device condition related to the project, a sound power limit value is given to each type of device, such as a generator, a transformer, an air conditioner, a fan and the like, the situation that the noise does not reach the standard in delivery is avoided, and the cost for noise treatment after the project is manufactured is greatly reduced.
The noise prediction of scholars at home and abroad is more based on standards and environmental guidelines, the standards guidelines are more suitable for the noise prediction of equipment in a driving state, and the standards are not suitable for static radiation noise in a static state. The environmental guidance is mainly to regard the equipment generating noise as a point sound source or a line sound source, and the external attenuation parts of the equipment, such as atmospheric absorption attenuation, ground effect attenuation and the like, are only suitable for noise prediction of the running equipment. When the device exceeds a certain speed, the noise radiated when the device is stationary is negligible with respect to the noise when driving, in particular the atmospheric attenuation. Neither the standard guidelines nor the environmental guidelines can predict noise when the device is stationary.
The conventional method for forecasting the noise outside the equipment comprises a finite element method, a statistical energy method, a boundary element method and the like, wherein commercial software of the method comprises Ansys, VA One, virtual. Ansys is more used for low frequency, and a large number of acoustic grids are needed, so that the calculation efficiency is low; whereas VA One is more used for calculating the inner sound field, virtual. The prior art cannot be convenient and universal in noise prediction.
Therefore, a method and a system for quantitatively forecasting radiation noise are needed to solve the technical problem that the prior art cannot provide a convenient and universal noise forecasting method to forecast the noise of ships, vehicles, rail trains and the like in a static state in a design stage.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a noise quantitative prediction method based on an equipment equivalent sound source, which solves the technical problem that the prior art cannot provide a convenient and universal noise prediction method to predict noise of ships, vehicles, rail trains and the like in a design stage in a stationary state.
In a first aspect, the present application provides the following technical solutions through an embodiment of the present application:
a noise quantitative forecasting method based on an equipment equivalent sound source point comprises the following steps: acquiring global coordinates of an off-site observation point and origin global coordinates corresponding to a local coordinate origin of the starting equipment; wherein the starting device is a device generating noise to the field observation point; obtaining an equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and obtaining an equivalent sound source point local coordinate corresponding to the starting device from a device equivalent sound source point database, wherein the device equivalent sound source point database at least comprises: local coordinates of equivalent sound source points and sound power frequency spectrums of the equivalent sound source points, which correspond to the plurality of opening devices respectively; converting the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source point into the global coordinates of the equivalent sound source point according to the global coordinates of the field external observation point and the global coordinates of the origin point; obtaining the relative position of the off-field observation point and the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device based on the global coordinate of the off-field observation point and the global coordinate of the equivalent sound source point; calculating a first total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device in a semi-free state at an off-site observation point based on the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and the relative position; performing attenuation processing on the first total sound pressure level to obtain a second total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device in the installation state at the off-site observation point; outputting the second total sound pressure level.
In one embodiment, the calculating a first total sound pressure level of a corresponding equivalent sound source point of the startup device at an off-site observation point in a semi-free state includes: according to a sound propagation rule, calculating a first equivalent sound source point sound pressure level of an equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device at an off-site observation point based on an equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and the relative position of the off-site observation point and the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device; and performing energy superposition on the sound pressure level of the first equivalent sound source point according to a wave superposition method to obtain the first total sound pressure level.
In one embodiment, the energy superimposing the first equivalent sound source point sound pressure level to obtain the first total sound pressure level includes: according to a wave superposition method, performing energy superposition on the sound pressure levels of all the first equivalent sound source points of each starting device to obtain the sound pressure level of the first starting device of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to each starting device at the off-site observation point; and performing energy superposition on the first starting device sound pressure levels of all the starting devices to obtain the first total sound pressure level.
In an embodiment, before the obtaining the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum of the opening device and obtaining the equivalent sound source point local coordinate of the opening device from the device equivalent sound source point database, the method further includes: establishing the equivalent sound source point database of the equipment, comprising the following steps: obtaining local coordinates of N measuring points where N measuring point microphones are located around equipment
Figure GDA0003039858530000031
And the actually measured sound pressure level of N measuring points
Figure GDA0003039858530000032
Wherein N is>1, N is a positive integer;
Figure GDA0003039858530000033
the coordinates of the jth measuring point are shown;
Figure GDA0003039858530000034
the measured sound pressure level of the jth measuring point is obtained; randomly determining N equivalent sound source points and local coordinates of the N equivalent sound source points on the surface or inside of the equipment
Figure GDA0003039858530000041
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003039858530000042
respectively is the coordinate of the ith equivalent sound source point; determining the relative positions R of the N equivalent sound source points and the N measuring points according to the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source points and the local coordinates of the measuring points [ R ═ R [ ]11R12......R1N；R21R32......R2N；......；RN1RN2......RNN；]Wherein
Figure GDA0003039858530000043
Wherein R isijThe relative position of the ith equivalent sound source point and the jth measuring point is obtained; according to the law of acoustic radiation: l isP＝LWCalculating by-20 lgR-8 to obtain equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum L corresponding to the equipmentW＝[Lw1；Lw2；......；LwN](ii) a Wherein L isPThe measured sound pressure levels of the N measuring points are obtained;
Figure GDA0003039858530000044
the equivalent sound source point sound power frequency spectrum of the ith equivalent sound source point; r is the relative positions of the N equivalent sound source points and the N measuring points; and storing the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the equipment and the sound power spectrum of the equivalent sound source point to obtain an equivalent sound source point database of the equipment.
In one embodiment, the creating of the device equivalent sound source point database further includes: setting a tolerance; according to the law of acoustic radiation: l isP＝LW20lgR-8, obtaining a first predicted sound pressure level and a first measured sound pressure level of N equivalent sound source points at N measuring points and M verification points where M verification sensors are located, wherein L isPThe measured sound pressure levels of the N measuring points are obtained; l isWEquivalent sound source point sound power frequency spectrums of N equivalent sound source points; r is the relative positions of N equivalent sound source points and N measuring points, and M is a positive integer; comparing the first predicted sound pressure level with the first measured sound pressure level, and determining a differenceWhether the value is within a tolerance; if not, recalculating the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum L of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the equipmentW＝[Lw1；Lw2；......；LwN]And updating the equivalent sound source point database of the equipment.
In one embodiment, said attenuating said first total sound pressure level comprises: calling a vehicle body attenuation value corresponding to an opening device from a device attenuation database, wherein the device attenuation database at least comprises vehicle body attenuation values corresponding to a plurality of opening devices; obtaining an external attenuation value of an equivalent sound source point of the starting device at an external observation point; and performing attenuation processing on the first total sound pressure level based on the vehicle body attenuation value and/or the vehicle exterior attenuation value.
Based on the same inventive concept, in a second aspect, the present application provides the following technical solutions through an embodiment of the present application:
a system for noise quantitative prediction based on equipment equivalent sound sources, comprising:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring global coordinates of an off-site observation point and origin global coordinates corresponding to a local coordinate origin of the starting device; wherein the starting device is a device generating noise to the field observation point; a second obtaining module, configured to obtain, from an equipment equivalent sound source point database, an equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device, and obtain an equivalent sound source point local coordinate corresponding to the starting device, where the equipment equivalent sound source point database at least includes: local coordinates of equivalent sound source points and sound power frequency spectrums of the equivalent sound source points, which correspond to the plurality of opening devices respectively;
the conversion module is used for converting the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source point into the global coordinates of the equivalent sound source point according to the global coordinates of the off-site observation point and the global coordinates of the origin point;
the obtaining module is used for obtaining the relative position of the field outside observation point and the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device based on the global coordinate of the field outside observation point and the global coordinate of the equivalent sound source point;
the computing module is used for computing a first total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device in a semi-free state at an off-site observation point on the basis of the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and the relative position;
the processing module is used for carrying out attenuation processing on the first total sound pressure level to obtain a second total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device in the installation state at the off-site observation point;
an output module to output the second total sound pressure level.
Based on the same inventive concept, in a third aspect, the present application provides the following technical solutions through an embodiment of the present application:
a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program comprising: which when executed by a processor may carry out the method steps of any of the embodiments described above.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
compared with the prior art, the method and the device have the advantages that the starting devices generating the noise to the off-site observation points are equivalent to a plurality of equivalent sound source points, the equivalent process is convenient and simple, and the method and the device have universality on any noise source; meanwhile, a wave superposition method is used, complex and complicated calculation in the prior art is avoided, and the technical problem that the prior art cannot provide a convenient and universal noise forecasting method to forecast the noise of ships, vehicles, rail trains and the like in a design stage in a static state is solved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for quantitatively forecasting noise based on an equivalent sound source point of a device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of establishing an equivalent sound source point database according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the positions of the global coordinate system and the local coordinate system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cloud chart of sound pressure levels of an observation point outside a field according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a functional block diagram of a noise quantitative prediction system based on an equivalent sound source of a device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the application provides a noise quantitative forecasting method based on an equipment equivalent sound source, and solves the technical problem that the prior art cannot provide a convenient and universal noise forecasting method to forecast the noise of ships, vehicles, rail trains and the like in a design stage in a static state.
In order to solve the technical problems, the general idea of the embodiment of the application is as follows:
a noise quantitative forecasting method based on an equipment equivalent sound source point comprises the following steps:
acquiring global coordinates of an off-site observation point and origin global coordinates corresponding to a local coordinate origin of the starting equipment; wherein the starting device is a device generating noise to the field observation point;
obtaining an equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and obtaining an equivalent sound source point local coordinate corresponding to the starting device from a device equivalent sound source point database, wherein the device equivalent sound source point database at least comprises: local coordinates of equivalent sound source points and sound power frequency spectrums of the equivalent sound source points, which correspond to the plurality of opening devices respectively;
converting the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source point into the global coordinates of the equivalent sound source point according to the global coordinates of the field external observation point and the global coordinates of the origin point;
obtaining the relative position of the off-field observation point and the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device based on the global coordinate of the off-field observation point and the global coordinate of the equivalent sound source point;
calculating a first total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device in a semi-free state at an off-site observation point based on the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and the relative position;
performing attenuation processing on the first total sound pressure level to obtain a second total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device in the installation state at the off-site observation point;
outputting the second total sound pressure level.
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
First, it is stated that the term "and/or" appearing herein is merely one type of associative relationship that describes an associated object, meaning that three types of relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
Next, the following description is provided: a turn-on device as presented herein is a device that is generating noise to the offsite observation point; a device appearing herein is a device capable of generating noise to the field observation point; the opening device is part of the device, the opening device is in an opening state, and the device further comprises a non-opening device.
Example one
The forecasting method can be used in the fields of ships, vehicles, rail trains and the like with noises, and the technical scheme is only explained by the rail trains.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for quantitatively forecasting noise based on an equivalent sound source point of a device, including:
s101, acquiring global coordinates of an off-site observation point and origin global coordinates corresponding to a local coordinate origin of a starting device; wherein the starting device is a device generating noise to the field observation point; in the actual implementation process, the global coordinate of the off-site observation point and the global coordinate of the origin are directly input by a user;
off-site observation points: and selecting a noise checking point outside the railway train body. For example: residential quarter points.
S102, obtaining an equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and obtaining an equivalent sound source point local coordinate corresponding to the starting device from a device equivalent sound source point database, wherein the device equivalent sound source point database at least comprises: local coordinates of equivalent sound source points and sound power frequency spectrums of the equivalent sound source points, which correspond to the plurality of opening devices respectively;
equivalent sound source point: the device generating noise is replaced by a plurality of equivalent sound source points distributed in the device or on the surface of the device, acoustic directivity of radiation noise of the device can be well reflected, for example, the sound power frequency spectrum of the equivalent sound source point at the inlet and outlet of the fan is large, and the sound power frequency spectrum of the equivalent sound source point far away from the inlet and outlet of the fan is small.
In the actual implementation process, the device type and the device size of the starting device can be determined according to the starting working condition of the device, then the data unit of the starting device is positioned in the equivalent sound source point database of the device according to the device type and the device size of the starting device, and then the local coordinate of the equivalent sound source point and the sound power spectrum of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the required starting device are searched.
In an optional embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, before the obtaining the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum of the opening device from the device equivalent sound source point database and obtaining the equivalent sound source point local coordinate of the opening device, the method further includes: establishing the equivalent sound source point database of the equipment, comprising the following steps:
obtaining local coordinates of N measuring points where N measuring point microphones are located around equipment
Figure GDA0003039858530000091
And the actually measured sound pressure level of N measuring points
Figure GDA0003039858530000092
Wherein N is>1, N is a positive integer;
Figure GDA0003039858530000093
the coordinates of the jth measuring point are shown;
Figure GDA0003039858530000094
the measured sound pressure level of the jth measuring point is obtained;
randomly determining N equivalent sound source points and local coordinates of the N equivalent sound source points on the surface or inside of the equipment
Figure GDA0003039858530000095
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003039858530000096
respectively is the coordinate of the ith equivalent sound source point;
determining the relative positions R of the N equivalent sound source points and the N measuring points according to the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source points and the local coordinates of the measuring points [ R ═ R [ ]11R12......R1N；R21R32......R2N；......；RN1RN2......RNN；]Wherein
Figure GDA0003039858530000097
Wherein R isijThe relative position of the ith equivalent sound source point and the jth measuring point is obtained;
according to the law of acoustic radiation: l isP＝LWCalculating by-20 lgR-8 to obtain equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum L corresponding to the equipmentW＝[Lw1；Lw2；......；LwN](ii) a Wherein L isPThe measured sound pressure levels of the N measuring points are obtained;
Figure GDA0003039858530000098
the equivalent sound source point sound power frequency spectrum of the ith equivalent sound source point; r is the relative positions of the N equivalent sound source points and the N measuring points;
the relation between the sound power spectrum of the equivalent sound source point and the actually measured sound pressure level of the measured point is established by adopting the coordinate transformation and the hard ground semi-free field acoustic propagation principle, and the positions of N equivalent sound source points are randomly distributed according to N measured point coordinates and the actually measured sound pressure level through iterative calculation to obtain the sizes of N equivalent sound source points. By establishing an equivalent sound source point model of the equipment, the acoustic directivity of the radiation noise of the equipment can be well reflected, for example, the sound power spectrum of an equivalent sound source point at the inlet and the outlet of the fan is larger, and the sound power spectrum of an equivalent sound source point far away from the inlet and the outlet of the fan is smaller. In the traditional method, the whole equipment is regarded as a sound source, the sound pressure is consistent when the distance between the whole equipment and the sound source is consistent, the directivity problem of the radiation noise of the equipment cannot be reflected, and the larger the equipment is, the more inaccurate the single acoustic calculation is.
In addition, the method for providing the equivalent sound source point model of the device according to the embodiment can establish a device sound power database for any type of devices, and has universality. When the noise outside the vehicle is pre-reported, the equivalent sound source point of the starting device and corresponding data are called.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of: judging whether the sound power frequency spectrums of N equivalent sound source points corresponding to the equipment are larger than 0; if not, recalculating the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum L of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the equipmentW＝[Lw1；Lw2；......；LwN]And updating the equivalent sound source point database of the equipment,
and storing the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the equipment and the sound power spectrum of the equivalent sound source point to obtain an equivalent sound source point database of the equipment. In the actual implementation process, the device type, the device size, the number of equivalent sound source points, the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source points and the sound power spectrum of the equivalent sound source points corresponding to the device are stored as a data unit to obtain a device equivalent sound source point database.
In an optional embodiment, the creating of the device equivalent sound source point database further includes:
setting a tolerance;
according to the law of acoustic radiation: l isP＝LW-20lgR-8, obtaining the first forecast sound pressure level and the first measured sound pressure level of N equivalent sound source points at N measuring points and M verification points where M verification sensors are located, wherein L isPThe measured sound pressure levels of the N measuring points are obtained; l isWEquivalent sound source point sound power frequency spectrums of N equivalent sound source points; r is the relative positions of N equivalent sound source points and N measuring points, and M is a positive integer;
comparing the first predicted sound pressure level with the first measured sound pressure level to determine whether the difference is within a tolerance; if not, recalculating the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum L of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the equipmentW＝[Lw1；Lw2；......；LwN]And updating the equivalent sound source point database of the equipment.
In the practical implementation process, the actual measurement sound pressure levels of the equivalent sound source points of the equipment at the M verification microphones can be detected through the M verification microphones, the forecast values of the equivalent sound source points of the equipment at the M verification points are compared, and the correctness of the equivalent sound source points of the equipment, namely the accuracy in sound field reconstruction is judged. In addition, the N electricity-measuring sensors can also be used for verifying the correctness of the equivalent sound source point of the equipment.
In the actual implementation process, the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum of the starting device and the equivalent sound source point local coordinates of the starting device can be obtained from the device equivalent sound source point database.
S103, converting the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source point into the global coordinates of the equivalent sound source point according to the global coordinates of the off-site observation point and the global coordinates of the origin point; for example: the origin global coordinate of the starting equipment is 2,3 and 0; the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source point of the starting device are-0.5, 0.5 and 1, and the global coordinates of the equivalent sound source point are 1.5, 3.5 and 1.
S104, obtaining the relative position of the field outside observation point and the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device based on the global coordinate of the field outside observation point and the global coordinate of the equivalent sound source point; for example: global coordinates of the off-site observation points are 10, 10 and 0; the global coordinates of the equivalent sound source points are 1.5, 3.5 and 1; then by the relative position calculation formula
Figure GDA0003039858530000111
Calculating the relative position R of the two, namely 10.7,
Figure GDA0003039858530000112
is the global coordinate of the ith equivalent sound source point, XC、YC、ZCGlobal coordinates for off-site observation points.
The global coordinate refers to a coordinate under a global coordinate system; the local coordinates refer to coordinates in a local coordinate system. As shown in fig. 3, the global coordinate system XYZ: the origin of the coordinate system is located on a train body of the rail train, the length direction of a factory building is X, the width direction of the train is Y, and the vertical upward Z direction is determined according to the right-hand coordinate principle.
Local coordinate system xiyizi: the origin of the coordinate system is on the equipment, the equipment number is i, and the length direction of the equipment coordinate is xiIn the width direction of yiDetermining z vertically upwards according to the right-hand coordinate principleiAnd (4) direction. A rail train is provided with a global coordinate system and one or more local coordinate systems, wherein the number of the local coordinate systems is the number of the starting devices. The black dots in the figure are equivalent sound source points corresponding to the equipment.
The local coordinates and the global coordinates are provided, so that the technical scheme has universality in noise forecasting. The device position, the device type and the device starting working condition of different rail trains are possibly different, and when the device position, the device type and the device starting working condition are changed, the rapid forecasting can be carried out again only by inputting the global coordinate of the off-site observation point and the global coordinate of the origin again and calling the local coordinate of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device. If only one coordinate is used, the following two problems will be encountered:
1. if only one coordinate is adopted, the field outside observation point, the equipment and the equivalent sound source point of the equipment all adopt the global coordinate; it is conceivable that, when implementing the technical solution, the coordinates of the off-site observation point, the device, and the equivalent sound source point of the device need to be input each time, so as to facilitate the normal implementation of the technical solution, but the number of the equivalent sound source points is extremely large, and the workload is very large, which will result in that the practicability of the technical solution is too poor in the implementation process.
2. In addition, if the coordinates of the field outside observation point, the device, and the equivalent sound source point of the device are fixed, the problem in 1 is overcome. At the same time, another problem arises that once the coordinates change, the solution is rendered impractical. In the actual implementation process, the equipment positions, the equipment types and the equipment starting working conditions of different rail trains may be different, and if one coordinate is adopted in the scheme, the universality is lost.
S105, calculating a first total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device in a semi-free state at an off-site observation point based on the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and the relative position;
semi-free state: the device stand-alone state is the state when it is not yet installed on the rail train.
In an optional embodiment, the calculating a first total sound pressure level of the corresponding equivalent sound source point of the opening device at the off-site observation point in the semi-free state includes:
according to the law of sound propagation Lpi＝Lwi-20lgRij-8, equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum L based on the corresponding starting devicewiAnd the relative position R of the off-site observation point and the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting equipmentiCalculating the sound pressure level L of the first equivalent sound source point of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device at the off-site observation pointpi。LwiFor the ith equivalent source point sound power spectrum, RiIs the relative position of the ith equivalent sound source point and the off-site observation point, LpiA first equivalent sound source point sound pressure level for the ith equivalent sound source point at the off-site observation point, where i ═ 1,2, 3.
The opening device may be plural, for example: starting equipment in the rail train: transformer, converter, fan. Assuming that the number of the opening devices is K, each opening device has N equivalent sound source points, and there are N × K equivalent sound source points in total, where it is required to calculate the sound pressure level L of the N × K first equivalent sound source points of the N × K equivalent sound source points of the K opening devices at the off-site observation pointpi(i ═ 1,2,3,.., NK), whichWherein K is a positive integer.
According to the wave superposition method, the sound pressure level L of the first equivalent sound source pointpi(i ═ 1,2, 3.., NK) is superimposed with energy to obtain a first total sound pressure level LPtotal. Using wave superposition
Figure GDA0003039858530000131
Avoiding the complicated calculation of the prior art, LPtotalA first total sound pressure level, L, of N × K equivalent sound source points at an off-site observation pointpi(i ═ 1,2,3,. cnk) is the first equivalent source point sound pressure level for the ith equivalent source point at the off-site observation point.
In an optional embodiment, the energy-superposing the first equivalent sound source point sound pressure level to obtain the first total sound pressure level includes:
according to wave superposition method
Figure GDA0003039858530000132
N first equivalent sound source point sound pressure levels L for each opening devicepi(i is 1,2,3, …, N) to obtain a first sound pressure level L of the start-up device at the off-site observation point of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to each start-up deviceK(K ═ 1,2,3,. K); first opening device sound pressure level L for K opening devicesK(K ═ 1,2, 3.., K) energy superposition
Figure GDA0003039858530000133
A first total sound pressure level L is obtainedPtotal。
In the practical implementation process, the sound pressure level L of the first opening device of the K opening devices can be respectively calculatedK(K ═ 1,2,3,. K) and a first total sound pressure level LPtotalDetermining a ratio and determining the percentage of noise contribution of each opening device
Figure GDA0003039858530000141
The equivalent sound source point of each equipment contributes to the off-site observation point, and the final noise level of the off-site observation point is the energy superposition sum of all the equivalent sound source points of all the equipment to the off-site radiation noise, so that the off-site observation point can be used for measuring the external radiation noise of the vehicleAnd respectively calculating the contribution amount and the contribution percentage of the equivalent sound source corresponding to each equipment to the noise outside the vehicle so as to sequence the equipment, and provide guidance for noise control. X, Y, Z are the off-site observation point global coordinates, as shown in the table below.
X Y Z Fan blower Air conditioner Transformer device Total value of
-6.4 -3.75 1.2 66.8187 56.7762 65.1605 69.3269
-3.3 -3.75 1.2 63.4408 58.4955 68.4976 69.9962
2.02 -3.75 1.2 59.1751 62.4269 70.6847 71.5483
6.35 -3.75 1.2 56.6988 66.9828 66.1674 69.8215
-10 -7.5 1.2 63.7846 54.6946 60.8404 65.9091
-5 -7.5 1.2 62.1209 56.8071 63.6712 66.4717
0 -7.5 1.2 59.2635 59.3754 65.4744 67.1911
5 -7.5 1.2 56.7131 62.2265 64.1658 66.7656
10 -7.5 1.2 54.6171 63.7846 61.3851 66.0805
The table shows the noise contribution of each device of the fan, the air conditioner and the transformer and the total noise value of the off-site observation point. By the lateral comparison, the device with the largest noise contribution of the three on-devices can be determined.
In addition, a sound pressure level cloud chart can be established through programming, as shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is the sound pressure level cloud chart corresponding to the upper table, a cube represents a simplified model of the rail train, a slice cloud chart represents the sound pressure levels of different off-site observation points, rectangular blocks represent different colors and correspond to different sound pressure levels, and the sound pressure levels gradually increase from bottom to top. As can be seen from the figure, for the field observation point on the same plane Z being 1.2, the color corresponding to the slice cloud image closer to the plane Y being 0 has a greater sound pressure level, i.e., the field observation point on the plane Y being-3.75 has a greater sound pressure level than the field observation point on the plane Y being-7.5; on the intersection line of the plane Z ═ 1.2 and Y ═ 7.5, the field outside observation point at which the sound pressure level is the smallest is the point corresponding to X ═ -10; the sound pressure level cloud picture can visually display the larger and smaller noise positions of any observation point outside the field, so that a non-acoustic professional can visually see the noise distribution rule conveniently, and the sound pressure level at any position is based on a calculated value non-fitting curve.
S106, performing attenuation processing on the first total sound pressure level to obtain a second total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting equipment in the installation state at the off-site observation point;
as an alternative embodiment, the attenuating the first total sound pressure level includes:
and calling a vehicle body attenuation value corresponding to the starting device from an equipment attenuation database, wherein the equipment attenuation database at least comprises vehicle body attenuation values corresponding to a plurality of starting devices, and the vehicle body attenuation values are attenuation values generated on the starting devices based on the equipment types and the equipment sizes of the starting devices.
And acquiring an attenuation value outside the vehicle of an equivalent sound source point of the starting device at an off-site observation point, wherein the attenuation value outside the vehicle is an attenuation value of atmospheric factors outside a space structure where the starting device is located to noise.
And performing attenuation processing on the first total sound pressure level based on the vehicle body attenuation value and/or the vehicle exterior attenuation value.
In the actual implementation process, the data unit of the starting device can be located in the device attenuation database according to the device type and the device size corresponding to the starting device, and then the vehicle body attenuation value corresponding to the required starting device is searched according to the vehicle body model of the starting device. In the actual implementation process, the data unit of the car body model in the equipment attenuation database can be located first, and then the car body attenuation value corresponding to the starting equipment is searched according to the equipment type and the equipment size of the starting equipment. The attenuation of the same equipment is different for different body models, for example: the attenuation of the standard motor train unit 250 and the attenuation of the standard motor train unit 350 to the fan are different; the attenuation of two devices of the same type but of different sizes is different for the same vehicle body, for example: the standard motor train unit 250 is not the same for fans with a size of 30 x 10 and cooling fans with a size of 60 x 50 x 20.
The attenuation value outside the vehicle mainly comes from the attenuation of the temperature, the atmospheric pressure and the like outside the vehicle to the noise. The average value of the attenuation outside the vehicle from all equivalent sound source points to the off-site observation points is calculated in the embodiment, and compared with the traditional method in which the whole vehicle body is used as a sound source, the attenuation of the atmosphere to the noise can be calculated more accurately.
As an optional embodiment, before the invoking of the car body attenuation value corresponding to the opening device from the device attenuation database, the method further includes: establishing an equipment attenuation database, comprising the steps of:
acquiring a second forecast sound pressure level of the corresponding equivalent sound source point of the equipment in the semi-free state at an off-site observation point; the second forecast sound pressure level without the car body is calculated by the equipment equivalent sound source point according to the sound propagation rule and the wave superposition method. Acquiring a second measured sound pressure level of the equipment at an off-site observation point; a second measured sound pressure level is measured by a sound pressure sensor arranged at the offsite observation point. Determining the difference value of the second forecast sound pressure level and the second measured sound pressure level to obtain an equipment attenuation value of the vehicle body to the equipment; and storing the vehicle body attenuation value corresponding to the equipment, and storing the vehicle body model, the equipment type, the equipment size and the vehicle body attenuation value to obtain an equipment attenuation database. And establishing a device attenuation database of each type of device, so as to be convenient for calling in noise prediction.
In the train design stage, designers can allocate acoustic power indexes to equipment, then assume various equipment combination schemes in a train, forecast sound pressure levels of the various combination schemes, judge whether noise of an external examination point (an off-site observation point) exceeds the standard or not, further guide equipment noise index allocation, and provide data support for dividing the acoustic power indexes for each equipment by a total design unit.
And S107, outputting the second total sound pressure level. The output mode may be a table, an image, audio, etc., and is not limited herein.
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the application at least has the following technical effects or advantages:
compared with the prior art, the method and the device have the advantages that the starting devices generating the noise to the off-site observation points are equivalent to a plurality of equivalent sound source points, the equivalent process is convenient and simple, and the method and the device have universality on any noise source; meanwhile, a wave superposition method is used, complex and complicated calculation in the prior art is avoided, and the technical problem that the prior art cannot provide a convenient and universal noise forecasting method to forecast the noise of rail trains, ships, vehicles and the like in a design stage in a static state is solved.
Example two
Based on the same inventive concept, as shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment provides a noise quantitative prediction system based on an equipment equivalent sound source, including:
a first obtaining module 201, configured to obtain global coordinates of an off-site observation point and origin global coordinates corresponding to a local coordinate origin of a starting device; wherein the starting device is a device generating noise to the field observation point;
a second obtaining module 202, configured to obtain, from an equipment equivalent sound source point database, an equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device, and obtain an equivalent sound source point local coordinate corresponding to the starting device, where the equipment equivalent sound source point database at least includes: local coordinates of equivalent sound source points and sound power frequency spectrums of the equivalent sound source points, which correspond to the plurality of opening devices respectively;
the conversion module 203 is configured to convert the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source point into the global coordinates of the equivalent sound source point according to the global coordinates of the field outside observation point and the global coordinates of the origin point;
an obtaining module 204, configured to obtain a relative position between the field outside observation point and the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device based on the global coordinate of the field outside observation point and the global coordinate of the equivalent sound source point;
the calculating module 205 is configured to calculate a first total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device in the semi-free state at the off-site observation point based on the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and the relative position;
a processing module 206, configured to perform attenuation processing on the first total sound pressure level to obtain a second total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the startup device in the installation state at the off-site observation point;
an output module 207 for outputting the second total sound pressure level.
As an alternative embodiment, the calculation module 205 includes:
the computing submodule is used for computing a first equivalent sound source point sound pressure level of an equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device at the off-site observation point based on the equivalent sound source point sound power frequency spectrum corresponding to the starting device and the relative position of the off-site observation point and the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device according to the sound propagation rule;
and the superposition submodule is used for carrying out energy superposition on the sound pressure level of the first equivalent sound source point according to a wave superposition method to obtain the first total sound pressure level.
As an alternative embodiment, the overlay sub-module is configured to:
according to a wave superposition method, performing energy superposition on the sound pressure levels of all the first equivalent sound source points of each starting device to obtain the sound pressure level of the first starting device of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to each starting device at the off-site observation point;
and performing energy superposition on the first starting device sound pressure levels of all the starting devices to obtain the first total sound pressure level.
As an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises: the first database establishing module is used for establishing an equipment equivalent sound source point database before acquiring the equivalent sound source point sound power frequency spectrum of the starting equipment and the equivalent sound source point local coordinate of the starting equipment from the equipment equivalent sound source point database, and comprises the following steps:
obtaining local coordinates of N measuring points where N measuring point microphones are located around equipment
Figure GDA0003039858530000181
And the actually measured sound pressure level of N measuring points
Figure GDA0003039858530000182
Wherein N is>1, N is a positive integer;
Figure GDA0003039858530000183
the coordinates of the jth measuring point are shown;
Figure GDA0003039858530000184
the measured sound pressure level of the jth measuring point is obtained;
randomly determining N equivalent sound source points and local coordinates of the N equivalent sound source points on the surface or inside of the equipment
Figure GDA0003039858530000185
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003039858530000186
respectively is the coordinate of the ith equivalent sound source point;
determining the relative positions R of the N equivalent sound source points and the N measuring points according to the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source points and the local coordinates of the measuring points [ R ═ R [ ]11R12......R1N；R21R32......R2N；......；RN1RN2......RNN；]Wherein
Figure GDA0003039858530000187
Wherein R isijThe relative position of the ith equivalent sound source point and the jth measuring point is obtained;
according to the law of acoustic radiation: l isP＝LWCalculating by-20 lgR-8 to obtain equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum L corresponding to the equipmentW＝[Lw1；Lw2；......；LwN](ii) a Wherein L isPThe measured sound pressure levels of the N measuring points are obtained;
Figure GDA0003039858530000188
the equivalent sound source point sound power frequency spectrum of the ith equivalent sound source point; r is the relative positions of the N equivalent sound source points and the N measuring points;
and storing the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the equipment and the sound power spectrum of the equivalent sound source point to obtain an equivalent sound source point database of the equipment.
As an alternative embodiment, the first database establishing module is further configured to:
setting a tolerance;
according to the law of acoustic radiation: l isP＝LW20lgR-8, obtaining a first predicted sound pressure level and a first measured sound pressure level of N equivalent sound source points at N measuring points and M verification points where M verification sensors are located, wherein L isPThe measured sound pressure levels of the N measuring points are obtained; l isWEquivalent sound source point sound power frequency spectrums of N equivalent sound source points; r is the relative positions of N equivalent sound source points and N measuring points, and M is a positive integer;
comparing the first predicted sound pressure level with the first measured sound pressure level to determine whether the difference is within a tolerance;
if not, recalculating the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum L of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the equipmentW＝[Lw1；Lw2；......；LwN]And updating the equivalent sound source point database of the equipment.
As an alternative embodiment, the processing module 206 includes:
the calling submodule is used for calling the car body attenuation values corresponding to the opening devices from the device attenuation database, wherein the device attenuation database at least comprises the car body attenuation values corresponding to the plurality of opening devices;
the obtaining submodule is used for obtaining an out-of-vehicle attenuation value of an equivalent sound source point of the starting device at an off-field observation point;
and the processing submodule is used for carrying out attenuation processing on the first total sound pressure level based on the vehicle body attenuation value and/or the vehicle exterior attenuation value.
As an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises: and the second database establishing module is used for establishing the equipment attenuation database before calling the vehicle body attenuation value corresponding to the starting equipment from the equipment attenuation database.
In an actual implementation process, the establishing of the device attenuation database includes:
acquiring a second forecast sound pressure level of the corresponding equivalent sound source point of the equipment in the semi-free state at an off-site observation point; the second forecast sound pressure level which does not contain the car body is calculated by the equipment equivalent sound source point according to the sound propagation rule and the wave superposition method; acquiring a second measured sound pressure level of the equipment at an off-site observation point; measuring a second measured sound pressure level through a sound pressure sensor arranged at an off-site observation point; determining a difference value between the second forecast sound pressure level and the second actually measured sound pressure level to obtain a car body attenuation value of the car body to the equipment; and storing the vehicle body attenuation value corresponding to the equipment to obtain an equipment attenuation database. Here, a device attenuation database for each type of device is built to facilitate recall in noise prediction.
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the application at least has the following technical effects or advantages: compared with the prior art, the method and the device have the advantages that the starting devices generating the noise to the off-site observation points are equivalent to a plurality of equivalent sound source points, the equivalent process is convenient and simple, and the method and the device have universality on any noise source; meanwhile, a wave superposition method is used, complex and complicated calculation in the prior art is avoided, and the technical problem that a convenient and universal noise forecasting system cannot be provided in the prior art so as to forecast the noise of rail trains, ships, vehicles and the like in a design stage in a static state is solved.
EXAMPLE III
Based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program, when executed by a processor, implementing the steps of:
acquiring global coordinates of an off-site observation point and origin global coordinates corresponding to a local coordinate origin of the starting equipment; wherein the starting device is a device generating noise to the field observation point;
obtaining an equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and obtaining an equivalent sound source point local coordinate corresponding to the starting device from a device equivalent sound source point database, wherein the device equivalent sound source point database at least comprises: local coordinates of equivalent sound source points and sound power frequency spectrums of the equivalent sound source points, which correspond to the plurality of opening devices respectively;
converting the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source point into the global coordinates of the equivalent sound source point according to the global coordinates of the field external observation point and the global coordinates of the origin point;
obtaining the relative position of the off-field observation point and the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device based on the global coordinate of the off-field observation point and the global coordinate of the equivalent sound source point;
calculating a first total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device in a semi-free state at an off-site observation point based on the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and the relative position;
performing attenuation processing on the first total sound pressure level to obtain a second total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device in the installation state at the off-site observation point;
outputting the second total sound pressure level.
In a specific implementation, when the program is executed by a processor, any one of the first embodiment described above may be implemented.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and for example, the flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
In addition, the functional modules in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.
The method functions of the present invention, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes. It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. A noise quantitative forecasting method based on an equipment equivalent sound source point is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring global coordinates of an off-site observation point and origin global coordinates corresponding to a local coordinate origin of the starting equipment; wherein the starting device is a device generating noise to the field observation point;
obtaining an equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and obtaining an equivalent sound source point local coordinate corresponding to the starting device from a device equivalent sound source point database, wherein the device equivalent sound source point database at least comprises: local coordinates of equivalent sound source points and sound power frequency spectrums of the equivalent sound source points, which correspond to the plurality of opening devices respectively;
converting the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source point into the global coordinates of the equivalent sound source point according to the global coordinates of the field external observation point and the global coordinates of the origin point;
obtaining the relative position of the off-field observation point and the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device based on the global coordinate of the off-field observation point and the global coordinate of the equivalent sound source point;
calculating a first total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device in a semi-free state at an off-site observation point based on the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and the relative position;
performing attenuation processing on the first total sound pressure level to obtain a second total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device in the installation state at the off-site observation point;
outputting the second total sound pressure level;
wherein the device equivalent sound source point database is established by:
obtaining local coordinates of N measuring points where N measuring point microphones are located around equipment
Figure FDA0003039858520000011
And the actually measured sound pressure level of N measuring points
Figure FDA0003039858520000014
Wherein N is a positive integer;
Figure FDA0003039858520000012
the coordinates of the jth measuring point are shown;
Figure FDA0003039858520000013
the measured sound pressure level of the jth measuring point is obtained;
randomly determining N equivalent sound source points and local coordinates of the N equivalent sound source points on the surface or inside of the equipment
Figure FDA0003039858520000021
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003039858520000022
respectively is the coordinate of the ith equivalent sound source point;
determining the relative positions R of the N equivalent sound source points and the N measuring points according to the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source points and the local coordinates of the measuring points [ R ═ R [ ]11R12......R1N；R21R32......R2N；......；RN1RN2......RNN；]Wherein
Figure FDA0003039858520000023
Wherein R isijThe relative position of the ith equivalent sound source point and the jth measuring point is obtained;
according to the law of acoustic radiation: l isP＝LWCalculating by-20 lgR-8 to obtain equivalent sound source point sound power frequency spectrum corresponding to equipment
Figure FDA0003039858520000024
Wherein L isPThe measured sound pressure levels of the N measuring points are obtained;
Figure FDA0003039858520000025
the equivalent sound source point sound power frequency spectrum of the ith equivalent sound source point; r is the relative positions of the N equivalent sound source points and the N measuring points;
and storing the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the equipment and the sound power spectrum of the equivalent sound source point to obtain an equivalent sound source point database of the equipment.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating a first total sound pressure level of the corresponding equivalent sound source point of the turn-on device at an off-site observation point in a semi-free state comprises:
according to a sound propagation rule, calculating a first equivalent sound source point sound pressure level of an equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device at an off-site observation point based on an equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and the relative position of the off-site observation point and the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device;
and performing energy superposition on the sound pressure level of the first equivalent sound source point according to a wave superposition method to obtain the first total sound pressure level.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said energy-superposing said first equivalent source point sound pressure level to obtain said first total sound pressure level comprises:
according to a wave superposition method, performing energy superposition on the sound pressure levels of all the first equivalent sound source points of each starting device to obtain the sound pressure level of the first starting device of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to each starting device at the off-site observation point;
and performing energy superposition on the first starting device sound pressure levels of all the starting devices to obtain the first total sound pressure level.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein a database of device equivalent sound source points is created, further comprising the steps of:
setting a tolerance;
passing M verificationsMicrophone detectionVerifying N equivalent sound source points in the M verification unitsOf microphonesA first measured sound pressure level;
according to the law of acoustic radiation: l isP＝LW-20lgR-8, obtaining a first predicted sound pressure level for N equivalent sound source points at M verification points, wherein LPThe measured sound pressure levels of the N measuring points are obtained; l isWEquivalent sound source point sound power frequency spectrums of N equivalent sound source points; r is the relative positions of N equivalent sound source points and N measuring points, and M is a positive integer;
comparing the first predicted sound pressure level with the first measured sound pressure level to determine whether the difference is within a tolerance;
if not, recalculating the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the equipment
Figure FDA0003039858520000031
And updating the equivalent sound source point database of the equipment.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said attenuating said first total sound pressure level comprises:
calling a vehicle body attenuation value corresponding to an opening device from an equipment attenuation database, wherein the equipment attenuation database at least comprises vehicle body attenuation values corresponding to a plurality of opening devices, and the vehicle body attenuation values are attenuation values generated on the opening devices based on the equipment types and the equipment sizes of the opening devices;
obtaining an attenuation value outside the vehicle of an equivalent sound source point of the starting device at an off-site observation point, wherein the attenuation value outside the vehicle is an attenuation value of atmospheric factors outside a space structure where the starting device is located to noise;
and performing attenuation processing on the first total sound pressure level based on the vehicle body attenuation value and/or the vehicle exterior attenuation value.
6. A system for quantitatively forecasting noise based on equivalent sound source of a device, comprising:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring global coordinates of an off-site observation point and origin global coordinates corresponding to a local coordinate origin of the starting device; wherein the starting device is a device generating noise to the field observation point;
a second obtaining module, configured to obtain, from an equipment equivalent sound source point database, an equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device, and obtain an equivalent sound source point local coordinate corresponding to the starting device, where the equipment equivalent sound source point database at least includes: local coordinates of equivalent sound source points and sound power frequency spectrums of the equivalent sound source points, which correspond to the plurality of opening devices respectively;
the conversion module is used for converting the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source point into the global coordinates of the equivalent sound source point according to the global coordinates of the off-site observation point and the global coordinates of the origin point;
the obtaining module is used for obtaining the relative position of the field outside observation point and the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device based on the global coordinate of the field outside observation point and the global coordinate of the equivalent sound source point;
the computing module is used for computing a first total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device in a semi-free state at an off-site observation point on the basis of the equivalent sound source point sound power spectrum corresponding to the starting device and the relative position;
the processing module is used for carrying out attenuation processing on the first total sound pressure level to obtain a second total sound pressure level of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the starting device in the installation state at the off-site observation point;
an output module for outputting the second total sound pressure level;
wherein the device equivalent sound source point database is established by:
obtaining local coordinates of N measuring points where N measuring point microphones are located around equipment
Figure FDA0003039858520000041
And the actually measured sound pressure level of N measuring points
Figure FDA0003039858520000042
Wherein N is a positive integer;
Figure FDA0003039858520000043
the coordinates of the jth measuring point are shown;
Figure FDA0003039858520000044
the measured sound pressure level of the jth measuring point is obtained;
randomly determining N equivalent sound source points and local coordinates of the N equivalent sound source points on the surface or inside of the equipment
Figure FDA0003039858520000045
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003039858520000046
respectively is the coordinate of the ith equivalent sound source point;
determining the relative positions R of the N equivalent sound source points and the N measuring points according to the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source points and the local coordinates of the measuring points [ R ═ R [ ]11R12......R1N；R21R32......R2N；......；RN1RN2......RNN；]Wherein
Figure FDA0003039858520000051
Wherein R isijThe relative position of the ith equivalent sound source point and the jth measuring point is obtained;
according to the law of acoustic radiation: l isP＝LWCalculating by-20 lgR-8 to obtain equivalent sound source point sound power frequency spectrum corresponding to equipment
Figure FDA0003039858520000052
Wherein L isPThe measured sound pressure levels of the N measuring points are obtained;
Figure FDA0003039858520000053
the equivalent sound source point sound power frequency spectrum of the ith equivalent sound source point; r is the relative positions of the N equivalent sound source points and the N measuring points;
and storing the local coordinates of the equivalent sound source point corresponding to the equipment and the sound power spectrum of the equivalent sound source point to obtain an equivalent sound source point database of the equipment.
7. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, comprising: the program may, when executed by a processor, implement the method steps of any of claims 1 to 5.
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