CN110319436A - A kind of deep or light classification vortex burner of compact - Google Patents

A kind of deep or light classification vortex burner of compact Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110319436A
CN110319436A CN201910518542.0A CN201910518542A CN110319436A CN 110319436 A CN110319436 A CN 110319436A CN 201910518542 A CN201910518542 A CN 201910518542A CN 110319436 A CN110319436 A CN 110319436A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
coal
channel
air
airflow channel
secondary air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201910518542.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵岩
宋民航
邵春岩
侯海盟
曾乐
刘舒
张广鑫
裴江涛
蒋帅
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Shenyang Academy Environmental Sciences
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Shenyang Academy Environmental Sciences
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Publication date
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Priority to CN201910518542.0A priority Critical patent/CN110319436A/en
Publication of CN110319436A publication Critical patent/CN110319436A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D1/00Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/02Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23KFEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K3/02Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D2201/00Burners adapted for particulate solid or pulverulent fuels
    • F23D2201/20Fuel flow guiding devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23KFEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2203/00Feeding arrangements
    • F23K2203/008Feeding devices for pulverulent fuel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of deep or light classification vortex burner of compact, thick coal culm airflow channel is located at the middle part of First air coal dust streamtube, thin powdered coal airflow channel is located at the outside of thick coal culm airflow channel, and it is connected to by conical ring channel with First air coal dust streamtube, axial swirl blades are equipped in the lower part of thin powdered coal airflow channel, it is equipped with secondary air channel in the outside of thin powdered coal airflow channel, tangential vane is equipped in secondary air channel;The cricoid Pulverized Coal Concentration ring of cone is additionally provided in First air coal dust streamtube.The present invention has the advantages that promote coal powder ignition, steady combustion and after-flame under the conditions of more coals and varying duty;It is compact-sized and inhibit NO x It generates, while reducing burner processing cost, solve that load regulation range existing for existing pulverized-coal fired boiler is narrow, coal dust burn-off rate is low, poor combustion stability and NO x The high problem of discharge amount.

Description

A kind of deep or light classification vortex burner of compact
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal-burning boiler coal burners, and in particular to a kind of promotion coal-powder steady flame, after-flame and drop Low NO x The deep or light classification vortex burner of the compact of generation, has that coal adaptability is strong, load regulation range is wide and structure Compact feature.
Background technique
Coal is the main fossil fuel in China, and coal dust firing mode accounts in power industry and other industry power device According to biggish ratio.Nitrogen oxides (NO x ) it is to generate the predecessor of acid rain and photochemical pollution, and the coal in power industry fires Burning is to generate NO x Main source.Growing with pollution reduction demand, each state has formulated stringent standard all to limit Make the NO that large-scale combustion apparatus generates x Discharge." fossil-fuel power plant atmospheric pollutant emission standard " requirement that Chinese environmental protection portion promulgates: existing From having boiler on July 1st, 2014, from newly constructed boiler on January 1st, 2012, in addition to W flame boiler and circulating fluidized bed boiler, Remaining boiler NO x Emission limit is 100mg/Nm3 (at 6% O2).In addition, promoting as country is to coal-burning boiler flexibility is promoted The pay attention to day by day of electric power Green Transformation has realized the discharge of low pollution object, flexible peak regulation and the raising coal adaptability of coal-burning boiler Inexorable trend as the development of coal-burning boiler technology.
In response to China, increasingly harsh environmental protection standard, the rich and changeful coal resource of scientific utilization are developed efficient, low Nitrogen, coal adaptability are wide, varying duty is adaptable and compact-sized coal burner to promote coal-burning boiler development and Clean coal utilization plays a crucial role.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of deep or light classification vortex burner of compact, to solve to bear existing for existing pulverized-coal fired boiler Lotus adjustable range is narrow, coal dust burn-off rate is low, poor combustion stability and NO x The high problem of discharge amount.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of deep or light classification vortex burner of compact, special Sign is, including thin powdered coal airflow channel, internal stripper loop, conical ring channel, thick coal culm airflow channel, fixing muscle, coal dust are dense Contracting ring, First air coal dust streamtube, axial swirl blades, external stripper loop, secondary air channel and tangential vane;
Thick coal culm airflow channel is located at the middle part of First air coal dust streamtube, and thin powdered coal airflow channel is located at thick coal culm airflow channel Outside, and be connected to First air coal dust streamtube by conical ring channel, the lower part of thin powdered coal airflow channel be provided with axis To swirl vane, the outside of thin powdered coal airflow channel is provided with secondary air channel, tangential leaf is provided in secondary air channel Piece;The cricoid Pulverized Coal Concentration ring of cone is additionally provided in First air coal dust streamtube.
Further, thick coal culm airflow channel is connect with thin powdered coal airflow channel by internal stripper loop, thin powdered coal air-flow Channel is connect with secondary air channel by external stripper loop;The Pulverized Coal Concentration ring is fixed on First air coal dust gas by fixing muscle The middle part of flow tube.
Further, thick coal culm airflow channel is straight barrel type.
Further, the secondary air channel is the cyclic annular airflow channel with inverted "L" shape section;The tangential vane position In the inlet of secondary air channel.
Further, the secondary air channel has two layers, is connected between two layers of secondary air channel by external stripper loop, two Tangential vane is respectively set in layer secondary air channel.
Advantages of the present invention is as follows:
Promote coal powder ignition, steady combustion and after-flame under the conditions of coal more than 1. and varying duty;
First air breeze airflow makes coal powder density in thick coal culm air-flow increase to the 2 times or more before concentration, is conducive to by concentration Ignition heat needed for reducing different types of coal coal dust firing, makes this part coal dust advanced combustion form main flame, heats and light light coal Powder air-flow.
High-speed rotating thin powdered coal air-flow and Secondary Air help to form high temperature gases recirculating area, point at burner outlet Fire the coal dust in thin powdered coal air-flow and thick coal culm air-flow.
2. low NO x It generates;
After concentration, coal powder density greatly improves First air breeze airflow in thick coal culm air-flow, realizes effective coal powder light-dark Fractional combustion advantageously forms the strong reducing zone in pulverized coal flame, and the N element of release is largely to NH3Or N2Conversion inhibits NO x It generates.
Oxygen amount needed for coal dust firing initial stage is successively supplied by thin powdered coal air-flow, secondary air separating two-stage, protects coal dust always It holds in the lower burning of also Primordial Qi point, to reduce the NO in process of coal combustion x It generates.
Be arranged between thick coal culm airflow channel and thin powdered coal airflow channel internal stripper loop and thin powdered coal airflow channel with External stripper loop is set between secondary air channel, makes to keep certain distance between thick coal culm air-flow, thin powdered coal air-flow and Secondary Air three It sprays burner and further extends coal to postpone thick coal culm air-flow, thin powdered coal air-flow and the triangular mixing of Secondary Air Residence time of the powder under also Primordial Qi point, inhibit NO x It generates.
3. compact-sized and reduce cost;
First air breeze airflow is divided into positioned at the dense of inside by the Pulverized Coal Concentration ring being arranged in First air coal dust streamtube Breeze airflow and thin powdered coal air-flow positioned at outside, while realizing coal powder light-dark fractional combustion, further by being arranged in Axial swirl blades in thin powdered coal airflow channel spray thin powdered coal air-flow high speed rotation at burner outlet.This kind combustion Thin powdered coal air-flow can be made while have tissue pulverized coal bias combustion and building burner outlet high temperature recirculation zone by burning organizational form Effect, avoid in general type vortex burner by building multi-layer rotational flow Secondary Air realize burner outlet height Warm recirculating zone simplifies burner structure, keeps burner structure more compact, burner dimensions accordingly reduce, and are conducive to burner Flexible arrangement and reduction burner processing cost in actual application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the present invention along axial section structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is side view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is Section A-A cross-sectional view of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is section B-B cross-sectional view of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is axial swirl blades perspective view of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is principle of the invention figure;
Fig. 7 is one embodiment of the present of invention structural schematic diagram.
Description of symbols: 1: thin powdered coal airflow channel, 2: internal stripper loop, 3: conical ring channel, 4: thick coal culm air-flow Channel, 5: fixing muscle, 6: Pulverized Coal Concentration ring, 7: First air coal dust streamtube, 8: axial swirl blades, 9: external stripper loop, 10: Secondary air channel, 11: tangential vane.
Specific embodiment
In order to which clear the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention carry out invention further detailed by following embodiment It describes in detail bright.It should be pointed out that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, is not used to limit this hair It is bright.
It is logical for a kind of deep or light classification vortex burner of compact of the present invention, including thin powdered coal air-flow as shown in figs. 1-7 Road 1, internal stripper loop 2, conical ring channel 3, thick coal culm airflow channel 4, fixing muscle 5, Pulverized Coal Concentration ring 6, First air coal dust gas Flow tube 7, axial swirl blades 8, external stripper loop 9, secondary air channel 10 and tangential vane 11;
Thick coal culm airflow channel 4 is located at the middle part of First air coal dust streamtube 7, and thin powdered coal airflow channel 1 is located at thick coal culm air-flow The outside in channel 4, and be connected to by conical ring channel 3 with First air coal dust streamtube 7, in the lower part of thin powdered coal airflow channel 1 Axial swirl blades 8 are provided with, the outside of thin powdered coal airflow channel 1 are provided with secondary air channel 10, in secondary air channel 10 Inside it is provided with tangential vane 11;The cricoid Pulverized Coal Concentration ring 6 of cone is additionally provided in First air coal dust streamtube 7.
Preferably, thick coal culm airflow channel 4 is connect with thin powdered coal airflow channel 1 by internal stripper loop 2, thin powdered coal air-flow Channel 1 is connect with secondary air channel 10 by external stripper loop 9;The Pulverized Coal Concentration ring 6 is fixed on First air by fixing muscle 5 The middle part of coal dust streamtube 7.
Preferably, thick coal culm airflow channel 4 is straight barrel type.
Preferably, the secondary air channel 11 is the cyclic annular airflow channel with inverted "L" shape section;The tangential vane 11 Positioned at the inlet of secondary air channel 10.
Preferably, the secondary air channel 10 has two layers, is connected between two layers of secondary air channel 10 by external stripper loop 9 It connects, tangential vane 11 is respectively set in two layers of secondary air channel 10.
Positional relationship is as follows before specific each component: as shown in Figure 1, thick coal culm airflow channel 4, internal stripper loop 2, light Breeze airflow channel 1, external stripper loop 9 and secondary air channel 10 are to set gradually from inside to outside;Pulverized Coal Concentration ring 6 is located at primary The inside of wind coal dust streamtube 7 can have multiple, vertical spacing setting;Thick coal culm airflow channel 4 is located at First air breeze airflow At the export center of pipe 7, thick coal culm airflow channel 4 is straight barrel type;Conical ring channel 3 is located at going out for First air coal dust streamtube 7 At mouthful, and it is connected to and in communication with First air coal dust streamtube 7;Thin powdered coal airflow channel 1 is located at the exit in conical ring channel 3, And it is connected to and in communication with conical ring channel 3.
As shown in Figures 1 and 5, the axial swirl blades 8 are located at the exit of thin powdered coal airflow channel 1, and connect light The inner cylinder and outer cylinder wall surface in breeze airflow channel 1;Internal stripper loop 2 is connect with the inner cylinder of thin powdered coal airflow channel 1, outer portion every Ring 9 is connect with the outer cylinder of thin powdered coal airflow channel 1.
The working principle of the invention and process are as follows: First air carries coal dust and is entered by First air coal dust streamtube, first Be located at First air coal dust streamtube inside Pulverized Coal Concentration ring meet, Pulverized Coal Concentration ring be it is hollow pyramidal and up big and down small, During hitting Pulverized Coal Concentration ring, air-flow swerves First air breeze airflow, since pulverized coal particle density is larger, big partial size Pulverized coal particle is during hitting Pulverized Coal Concentration ring, by the inertia effect, it is easier to be repelled into First air coal dust streamtube It at the heart and is enriched with, forms the higher thick coal culm air-flow of coal powder density, at the same time, (predominantly partial size is smaller for a small amount of pulverized coal particle Pulverized coal particle), the effect of inertia being subject to due to itself is weaker, follows the mobility of air-flow preferable, makes a small amount of coal dust in this part It is still flowed along air current flow direction, to be formed about around thick coal culm air-flow close to First air breeze airflow inside pipe wall The lower thin powdered coal air-flow of coal powder density.The thick coal culm air-flow formed at First air breeze airflow tube hub is directly by thick coal culm Airflow channel sprays, in the thin powdered coal air-flow that First air breeze airflow inside pipe wall is formed about along in First air coal dust streamtube Wall flowing, initially enters conical ring channel, by the guiding role in conical ring channel, thin powdered coal air-flow finally by conical ring channel into Enter the inside of thin powdered coal airflow channel, and the guiding role by axial swirl blades, the high speed ejection in a manner of rotational flow, To form low-pressure area at the center of high speed rotation air-flow, the formation of the low-pressure area can be such that thin powdered coal air-flow returns after ejection Low-pressure area is flowed to, to form the high temperature recirculation zone at burner outlet.At the same time, Secondary Air is entered by secondary air channel, First by the guiding role of tangential vane, biggish tangential rotational velocity component is generated, and by secondary air channel exit high speed Eddy flow sprays, and similarly, further promotes the formation of high temperature recirculation zone at burner outlet.
In structure of the invention, First air breeze airflow makes coal powder density in thick coal culm air-flow increase to concentration by concentration Preceding 2 times or more, ignition heat needed for advantageously reducing different types of coal coal dust firing make this part coal dust advanced combustion form main fire Flame heats and lights thin powdered coal air-flow.High-speed rotating thin powdered coal air-flow and Secondary Air facilitate at burner outlet to be formed The coal dust in thin powdered coal air-flow and thick coal culm air-flow is lighted in high temperature gases recirculating area.So as in more coals and varying duty item Promote coal powder ignition, steady combustion and after-flame under part.
Meanwhile First air breeze airflow, after concentration, coal powder density greatly improves in thick coal culm air-flow, realizes effective Coal powder light-dark fractional combustion advantageously forms the strong reducing zone in pulverized coal flame, makes the N element of release largely to NH3Or N2 Conversion inhibits NO x It generates.Also, oxygen amount needed for coal dust firing initial stage is successively supplied by thin powdered coal air-flow, secondary air separating two-stage It gives, so that coal dust is remained at the lower burning of also Primordial Qi point, to reduce the NO in process of coal combustion x It generates.In thick coal culm gas Internal stripper loop is set between circulation road and thin powdered coal airflow channel and is arranged between thin powdered coal airflow channel and secondary air channel outer Part spacer ring makes to keep certain distance to spray burner between thick coal culm air-flow, thin powdered coal air-flow and Secondary Air three, to postpone Thick coal culm air-flow, thin powdered coal air-flow and the triangular mixing of Secondary Air further extend coal dust and stop under also Primordial Qi point The time is stayed, is conducive to inhibit NO x It generates, reduces NOx emission.
First air breeze airflow is divided into positioned inside by the Pulverized Coal Concentration ring being arranged in First air coal dust streamtube Thick coal culm air-flow and thin powdered coal air-flow positioned at outside further pass through cloth while realizing coal powder light-dark fractional combustion The axial swirl blades being placed in thin powdered coal airflow channel spray thin powdered coal air-flow high speed rotation at burner outlet.It should Kind combustion method can make thin powdered coal air-flow while there is tissue pulverized coal bias combustion and building burner outlet high temperature to return The effect for flowing area avoids in general type vortex burner and realizes burner outlet by building multi-layer rotational flow Secondary Air High temperature recirculation zone, simplify burner structure, burner dimensions accordingly reduce, and keep burner structure more compact, are conducive to The flexible arrangement and reduction burner processing cost of burner in actual application.
The present invention, which passes through, postpones mixing between tissue pulverized coal bias combustion, bias pulverized coal air-flow and Secondary Air, realize that coal dust is steady Fixed burning promotes coal dust after-flame and reduces NO x The purpose of generation, with coal adaptability is strong, load regulation range is wide, low NO x It is raw At and compact-sized advantage.
Connection of the present invention includes but is not limited to the modes such as be spirally connected, weld, and based on used by the prior art Corresponding manner.
A specific embodiment of the invention above described embodiment only expresses is only used as the explanation to the present invention program And explanation, it cannot be construed as a limitation to the scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the common of this field For technical staff, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to this The protection scope of invention.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of deep or light classification vortex burner of compact, which is characterized in that including thin powdered coal airflow channel (1), inside Stripper loop (2), conical ring channel (3), thick coal culm airflow channel (4), fixing muscle (5), Pulverized Coal Concentration ring (6), First air coal dust Gas flow tube (7), axial swirl blades (8), external stripper loop (9), secondary air channel (10) and tangential vane (11);
Thick coal culm airflow channel (4) is located at the middle part of First air coal dust streamtube (7), and thin powdered coal airflow channel (1) is located at dense coal The outside of powder airflow channel (4), and be connected to by conical ring channel (3) with First air coal dust streamtube (7), in thin powdered coal air-flow The lower part in channel (1) is provided with axial swirl blades (8), and the outside of thin powdered coal airflow channel (1) is provided with secondary air channel (10), tangential vane (11) are provided in secondary air channel (10);Conical ring is additionally provided in First air coal dust streamtube (7) The Pulverized Coal Concentration ring (6) of shape.
2. the deep or light classification vortex burner of compact according to claim 1, which is characterized in that thick coal culm air-flow is logical Road (4) is connect with thin powdered coal airflow channel (1) by internal stripper loop (2), thin powdered coal airflow channel (1) and secondary air channel (10) it is connected by external stripper loop (9), the Pulverized Coal Concentration ring (6) is fixed on First air breeze airflow by fixing muscle (5) Manage the middle part of (7).
3. the deep or light classification vortex burner of compact according to claim 1, which is characterized in that thick coal culm air-flow is logical Road (4) is straight barrel type.
4. the deep or light classification vortex burner of compact according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Secondary Air is logical Road (11) is the cyclic annular airflow channel with inverted "L" shape section;The tangential vane (11) is located at entering for secondary air channel (10) At mouthful.
5. the deep or light classification vortex burner of compact according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Secondary Air is logical Road (10) has two layers, is connected between two layers of secondary air channel (10) by external stripper loop (9), in two layers of secondary air channel (10) Tangential vane (11) are respectively set.
CN201910518542.0A 2019-06-15 2019-06-15 A kind of deep or light classification vortex burner of compact Pending CN110319436A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111237796A (en) * 2020-02-28 2020-06-05 沈阳环境科学研究院 High-efficient buggy concentrator of low energy consumption
CN111365712A (en) * 2020-03-16 2020-07-03 清华大学 Stable combustion cyclone burner based on similar quasi-side and operation method thereof
CN112178633A (en) * 2020-09-29 2021-01-05 湖北赤焰热能工程有限公司 Concentrated double-air-regulation cyclone burner and method

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CN206001454U (en) * 2016-06-23 2017-03-08 王鹏钊 A kind of coal burner
CN208804669U (en) * 2018-05-07 2019-04-30 上海交通大学 A kind of low nitrogen turbulent burner and burner of wind powder peripheral orientation polarization
CN109737393A (en) * 2019-02-19 2019-05-10 沈阳环境科学研究院 Big Pulverized Coal Concentration is than postponing hybrid vortex burner

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2172404Y (en) * 1993-11-09 1994-07-20 哈尔滨工业大学 Radial thick/thin spiral flow powdered coal burner
CN101487590A (en) * 2009-02-25 2009-07-22 哈尔滨工业大学 Low-resistance and low-NOx rotational flow coal powder burner with divergent segment
CN201935184U (en) * 2011-01-13 2011-08-17 朱洪模 Stable-combustion environment-friendly cyclone pulverized coal burner
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CN109737393A (en) * 2019-02-19 2019-05-10 沈阳环境科学研究院 Big Pulverized Coal Concentration is than postponing hybrid vortex burner

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111237796A (en) * 2020-02-28 2020-06-05 沈阳环境科学研究院 High-efficient buggy concentrator of low energy consumption
CN111365712A (en) * 2020-03-16 2020-07-03 清华大学 Stable combustion cyclone burner based on similar quasi-side and operation method thereof
CN111365712B (en) * 2020-03-16 2021-06-04 清华大学 Stable combustion cyclone burner based on similar quasi-side and operation method thereof
CN112178633A (en) * 2020-09-29 2021-01-05 湖北赤焰热能工程有限公司 Concentrated double-air-regulation cyclone burner and method

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