CN110317344A - A kind of silicone copolymer surfactants and its purposes in PIR plate rigid foam - Google Patents
A kind of silicone copolymer surfactants and its purposes in PIR plate rigid foam Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4829—Polyethers containing at least three hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
- C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/42—Block-or graft-polymers containing polysiloxane sequences
- C08G77/46—Block-or graft-polymers containing polysiloxane sequences containing polyether sequences
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0038—Use of organic additives containing phosphorus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0025—Foam properties rigid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
- C08J2375/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2483/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2483/10—Block- or graft-copolymers containing polysiloxane sequences
- C08J2483/12—Block- or graft-copolymers containing polysiloxane sequences containing polyether sequences
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of silicone copolymer surfactants, with following general formula: MDxD’yM；Wherein, M is selected from (CH3)3SiO1/2, (CH3)2R’SiO1/2Any one of；D is (CH3)2SiO2/2；D ' is (CH3)2(R) SiO2/2；X+y is that 31 ~ 80, y is 7 ~ 10.The present invention also provides above-mentioned organic silicon surfactants to prepare poly-isocyanurate modified polyurethane plate (PIR plate) with the application in hard polyurethane foam.A kind of flame retardant type organic silicon surfactant of rigid polyurethane foam of the invention, the performances such as anti-flammability, compression strength, the surface defect of obtained PIR plate hard polyurethane foam can be obviously improved by being applied in composition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical fields, especially relate to silicone copolymer surfactants, specifically a kind of organosilicon
Copolymer surfactants and its at poly-isocyanurate modified polyurethane foam plate (PIR plate) with the use in rigid foam
On the way.
Background technique
There is rigid polyurethane foam good mechanical performance, chemical resistance, rate of closed hole to be greater than 90%, especially have
There is ultralow thermal conductivity, thermal coefficient is only 0.018-0.023W/m.k, is approximately equivalent to the half of extruded polystyrene board (EPS sheet)；
It is widely used in heat preservation cold insulation field, the industries such as refrigerator, building, pipeline and cold chain.Polyurethane plate has excellent
Heat-proof quality can reduce building heat preserving thickness degree in the case where reaching same thermal requirements, to increase effective usable floor area；
Therefore, preferable market applies in freezer, refrigerating transport vehicle and industrial premises field.As country is to Cold Chain Logistics and herding
Industry modernization, the policy support of standardized process, the development opportunity that polyurethane plate welcomes.
Hard polyurethane foams are that high-molecular organic material is combustible material, since large specific surface area and thermal conductivity are low, material
Material is easy burning and is not easy self-extinguishment, and limit oxygen index is 17% or so.By addition fire retardant, use included fire-retardant group
Raw material (flame retarding polyether, flame retardant polyester etc.) and poly-isocyanurate modification etc. can make material reach preferable flame retardant property；Together
When, carburization zone can be formed on surface when burned, propagation of flame can be effectively prevented.Wherein, poly-isocyanurate modification is
Refer to and use excessive isocyanates, has neither part nor lot in trimerization reaction between the isocyanato of reaction and form isocyanurate ring.
However, the foaming agents such as HCFC-141b, HFC-245fa and HFC-365mfc are due to ODP in current foaming technique
It the reason of (to the latent energy value of the destruction of ozone layer) and GWP (chamber effect potential value), will gradually be eliminated；Therefore, in plate
Field is gradually substituted by the pentane foaming agent based on pentane.Pentane is flammable liquid, its use increases the easy of foam
Combustion property.It is flame-retardant modified therefore, it is necessary to continue to rigid polyurethane foam.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of silicone copolymer surfactants, this Organosiliconcopolymere
It is inflammable that surfactant will solve polyurethane foam plastics in the prior art, has the technical issues of security risk.
The present invention provides a kind of silicone copolymer surfactants, it is characterised in that: it is with following general formula:
MDxD’yM；Wherein, M is selected from (CH3)3SiO1/2、(CH3)2R’SiO1/2Any one of；D is (CH3)2SiO2/2；D ' is (CH3)2
(R)SiO2/2,；X+y is that 31~80, y is 5~10；The R ' compound selected from the group below:
(1) at least one allyl polyethenoxy ether, general formula are as follows: C2H4(C2H4O)a(C3H6O)bOH, weight average molecular weight are
710-1500, and polyethylene oxide section and the weight ratio of polypropylene oxide segments are 60~100:0~40 in segment；
(2) at least one phenylacetylene base silane.
(3) molar ratio of phenylacetylene base silane and allyl polyethenoxy ether is 1:4~1:8.
Further, excessive allyl polyethenoxy ether weight percent is remained in silicone copolymer surfactants
It is 10~40%.
Further, the phenylacetylene base silane is tolans base silane, three phenylacetylene base silanes or four phenylacetylenes
Any one in base silane；
A. the structure of tolans base silane is as follows, in which: R1,R2For alkyl or aryl:
B. the structure of three phenylacetylene base silanes is as follows, in which: R be alkyl or aryl:
C. the structure of four phenylacetylene base silanes is as follows:
The present invention also provides above-mentioned organic silicon surfactants in preparation PIR plate hard polyurethane foam
Application.
The present invention also provides a kind of PIR plate hard polyurethane foams compositions, in parts by weight, by with
Lower raw material mixes:
100 parts of combined polyether glycol,
1~5 part of above-mentioned silicone copolymer surfactants；
10~30 parts of foaming agent；
10~30 parts of fire retardant；
The viscosity of above-mentioned polyurethane foam composition be 2500~3500mPa.s (25 DEG C), hydroxyl value be 200~
300mgKOH/g, moisture content weight content is less than 1.0%；
The foaming agent is 1,1,1,3,3- pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa), 1,1,1,3,3- 3-pentafluorobutane (HFC-
365mfc), any one in chlorotrifluoropropylene (LBA), pentamethylene (CP) or pentane (NP), preferably pentane.
Further, the fire retardant is polyurethane foam field conventional flame retardants, preferably three (2- chloropropyl) phosphorus
Acid esters (TCPP), three (2- chloroethyl) phosphates (TCEP), triethyl phosphate (TEP) or methyl-phosphoric acid dimethyl ester (DMMP), compared with
Good is TCPP.
Hard polyurethane foams of the present invention with composition in the preparation, only need to be by each component with safety device
Mixing kettle in uniformly mix, when mixing, preferably carries out in stainless steel mixing kettle, and incorporation time is preferably small 0.5~1
When.
The application method of hard polyurethane foams composition of the present invention, hard polyurethane foams composition and
Isocyanates is mixed according to 1: 1.4~1: 2.2 ratio, and preferable reaction ratio is 1: 1.8, is poured using polyurethane high pressure
The molding of note machine foamable reaction, is made polyurethane foam.Wherein, isocyanates is preferably polymeric MDI, as PM200, M20S,
44V20、5005。
A kind of flame retardant type organic silicon surfactant of rigid polyurethane foam of the invention, is applied to combination
The performances such as anti-flammability, compression strength, the surface defect of obtained PIR plate hard polyurethane foam can be obviously improved in object.
The present invention is compared with prior art, its technical effect is that actively and apparent.The present invention is by introducing phenylacetylene base
Organic silicon surfactant made from silane resin can improve the anti-flammability and mechanical strength of hard polyurethane foams, while this hair
Bright PIR plate hard polyaminoester composition can be directly used for hard polyaminoester plate field.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is not specified in embodiment specific
Condition person carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is
The conventional products of commercially available acquisition can be passed through.
Organic silicon surfactant provided by the invention can be prepared by well known method, be such as copolymerized with non-hydrolytic Si-C
Object reacts preparation with the allyl polyether of C=C double bond by the polysiloxanes containing Si-H.Platinum catalyst such as six water chloroplatinic acids
(H2PtCl6·6H2O) there is particularly preferred catalytic effect；In addition, the final molecule knot of polysiloxanes-polyoxyethylene branched chain copolymer
Structure also rely on reaction temperature, the activity of reactant, reactant ingredient proportion.To above-mentioned silicone copolymer surfactants
Structure only enumerate following 3 embodiments and be described in detail, the silicone copolymer surfactants of other structures can also be with
It is prepared, be will not enumerate according to this method.
PIR plate provided by the invention with hard polyurethane foams with raw material used in composition following tests example come
Source is as follows:
Combined polyether glycol is adopted to be made by oneself in the following method:
Combined polyether glycol contains polyether polyol, polyester polyol, catalyst water；Its viscosity is 2500-
3500mPa.s, hydroxyl value 200-300mgKOH/g, water content is less than 1.0%；
Combined polyether glycol includes the ingredient of following mass fractions: 2 parts of polyether polyol A, 8 parts of polyester polyol B,
0.4 part of catalyst, 0.1 part of water.
The polyether polyol A is the polyether polyol that function is both greater than 4, hydroxyl value 300-500mgKOH/g, viscosity
Greater than 6000-20000mPa.s, K+Content is less than 30ppm, moisture 0.1wt%；Polyester polyol B is polynary with phthalic anhydride kind polyester
Alcohol, hydroxyl value 180-360mgKOH/g, viscosity 5000-12000mPa.s, acid esters are less than 2mgKOH/g, moisture 0.1wt%.
The catalyst is the combination of tertiary amine catalyst and organo-metallic catalyst, is N, N, N ' ,-five first of N ", N "
Base diethylenetriamines, N, N- dimethyl cyclohexyl amine, 1,2,3,5- tri- (dimethylamino-propyl)-Hexahydrotriazine, N, N- dimethyl
The one or more such as benzylamine, triethylenediamine, bis- (2- methylaminoethyl) ether, BX405, TMR-2, potassium acetate, potassium octanoates
Compound, further preferred BX405 and potassium octanoate, preferable compositely proportional are 2:1.
The water is preferably deionized water.
According to above-mentioned formula, each ingredient is added in stainless steel mixing kettle, it is small with 500 revs/min of revolving speed stirring 1 at room temperature
When, blowing is up to combined polyether glycol.
Surfactant L-6100 is purchased from Momentive (stepping figure new high-tech material group).
Polyurethane composite catalyst BX405 and K-15 are purchased from Evonik (winning wound industrial group).
Fire retardant TCPP is purchased from Jiangsu Yoke Technology Co., Ltd..
Isocyanates is polymeric MDI, is purchased from Yantai Wanhua, model PM200.
The preparation of 1 silicone copolymer surfactants of embodiment
There is the four-hole boiling flask of fixed device, temperature incubation function, mechanical stirring, thermocouple and the 10L for being connected with nitrogen at one
In, the polyoxyethylene ether (referred to as polyethers A) that the average molecular weight of the methyl blocking of 3900g allyl alcohol starting is 1500 is added, it should
Polyethers A contains the ethylene oxide group that weight percent is 70%；341g methyl famesoate is added, then will
The low hydrogen containing siloxane of 2619g (abbreviation MD70D’9M it) is added in four-hole boiling flask, starts to stir, using heating mantle heats to 95 DEG C,
Stirring 5 minutes, after chloroplatinic acid ethanol solution is added, so that concentration of the chloroplatinic acid in entire reaction system is 30ppm, instead
After answering 4 hours, as clear as crystal weak yellow liquid, as silicone copolymer surfactants are obtained.
The preparation of 2 silicone copolymer surfactants of embodiment
There is the four-hole boiling flask of fixed device, temperature incubation function, mechanical stirring, thermocouple and the 10L for being connected with nitrogen at one
In, the polyoxyethylene ether (referred to as polyethers B) that the average molecular weight of the methyl blocking of 3120g allyl alcohol starting is 1000 is added, it should
Polyethers B contains the ethylene oxide group that weight percent is 75%；Three phenylacetylene base silane of 454g methyl is added, then will
The low hydrogen containing siloxane of 2610g (abbreviation MD50D’8M it) is added in four-hole boiling flask, starts to stir, using heating mantle heats to 95 DEG C,
Stirring 5 minutes, after chloroplatinic acid ethanol solution is added, so that concentration of the chloroplatinic acid in entire reaction system is 30ppm, reaction 4
After hour, as clear as crystal weak yellow liquid, as silicone copolymer surfactants are obtained.
The preparation of 3 silicone copolymer surfactants of embodiment
There is the four-hole boiling flask of fixed device, temperature incubation function, mechanical stirring, thermocouple and the 10L for being connected with nitrogen at one
In, the polyoxyethylene ether (referred to as polyethers C) that the average molecular weight of the methyl blocking of 3900g allyl alcohol starting is 750 is added, this is poly-
Ether C contains the ethylene oxide group that weight percent is 75%；Tetra- phenylacetylene base silane of 531g is added, it is then that 3293g is low
Hydrogen containing siloxane (abbreviation MD31D’7M it) is added in four-hole boiling flask, starts to stir, using heating mantle heats to 95 DEG C, stir 5 points
Clock, after chloroplatinic acid ethanol solution is added, so that concentration of the chloroplatinic acid in entire reaction system is 30ppm, after reaction 4 hours,
Obtain as clear as crystal weak yellow liquid, as silicone copolymer surfactants.
Test example
Silicone copolymer surfactants prepared by embodiment 1-3 are prepared into hard polyurethane foam as group 1-5；
Selecting commercially available organosilicon NIAX* organosilicon L-6100 simultaneously, 1-2 is prepared for hard polyurethane foam as a control group, used
Raw material is as shown in table 1
Table 1
FIGRA: fire growth rate index；The total heat release of THR:600s
Table 1 statistics indicate that, and control group ratio, hard polyaminoester made from silicone copolymer surfactants of the invention
Foam has preferable anti-flammability.Pentane in component is combustible material, is played the role of in combustion combustion-supporting；Though TCPP
It is so fire retardant, but its Heat liberation unit in combustion is bigger.And Organosiliconcopolymere surface-active of the invention
Agent can improve the flame retardant property of foam；Therefore, it is possible to reduce the dosage for the fire retardant that adds line.With subtracting for amount of flame-retardant agent
Few, the dosage of foaming agent pentane is also reduced therewith.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of silicone copolymer surfactants, it is characterised in that: it is with following general formula: MDxD’yM；Wherein, M is selected from
(CH3)3SiO1/2、(CH3)2R’SiO1/2Any one of；D is (CH3)2SiO2/2；D ' is (CH3)2(R)SiO2/2,；X+y be 31~
80, y be 5~10；The R ' compound selected from the group below:
(1) at least one allyl polyethenoxy ether, general formula are as follows: C2H4(C2H4O)a(C3H6O)bOH, weight average molecular weight 710-
1500, and polyethylene oxide section and the weight ratio of polypropylene oxide segments are 60~100:0~40 in segment；
(2) at least one phenylacetylene base silane；
(3) molar ratio of phenylacetylene base silane and allyl polyethenoxy ether is 1:4~1:8.
2. a kind of silicone copolymer surfactants according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the phenylacetylene base
Silane is tolans base silane, any one in three phenylacetylene base silanes or four phenylacetylene base silanes；
The structure of tolans base silane is as follows, in which: R1,R2For alkyl or aryl:
The structure of three phenylacetylene base silanes is as follows, in which: R be alkyl or aryl:
The structure of four phenylacetylene base silanes is as follows:
3. silicone copolymer surfactants described in claim 1 are in preparation PIR plate hard polyurethane foam
Application.
4. a kind of hard polyurethane foams composition of PIR plate, it is characterised in that: in parts by weight, by following
Raw material mixes:
100 parts of combined polyether glycol,
1~5 part of silicone copolymer surfactants described in claim 1；
10~30 parts of foaming agent；
10~30 parts of fire retardant；
The viscosity of above-mentioned polyurethane foam composition is 2500~3500mPa.s (25 DEG C), and hydroxyl value is 200~300mgKOH/
G, moisture content weight content is less than 1.0%.
5. a kind of polyurethane foam composition of PIR plate according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described
Foaming agent is in 1,1,1,3,3- pentafluoropropane, 1,1,1,3,3- 3-pentafluorobutane, chlorotrifluoropropylene, pentamethylene or pentane
Any one.
6. a kind of polyurethane foam composition of PIR plate according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described
Fire retardant is three (2- chloropropyl) phosphates, three (2- chloroethyl) phosphate, triethyl phosphate or methyl-phosphoric acid dimethyl esters.
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