CN110314851B - Automatic garbage classification device - Google Patents
Automatic garbage classification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110314851B CN110314851B CN201910417010.8A CN201910417010A CN110314851B CN 110314851 B CN110314851 B CN 110314851B CN 201910417010 A CN201910417010 A CN 201910417010A CN 110314851 B CN110314851 B CN 110314851B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/10—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects
- B07B13/11—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects involving travel of particles over surfaces which separate by centrifugal force or by relative friction between particles and such surfaces, e.g. helical sorters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/14—Details or accessories
- B07B13/16—Feed or discharge arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/04—Sorting according to size
- B07C5/10—Sorting according to size measured by light-responsive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
- B07C5/362—Separating or distributor mechanisms
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic garbage classification device, which comprises: the centrifugal garbage separator is driven by a first motor to rotate so as to realize centrifugal motion; the rotary material distribution disc is arranged below the centrifugal garbage separator and is driven to rotate by a second motor; the rotary material distribution disc is circumferentially divided into a plurality of areas, each area is provided with a rotary disc valve, the rotary disc valves are matched with door closers, and the door closers are controlled by the hydraulic station to realize the opening and closing of the rotary disc valves; the infrared detection analyzer is positioned above the rotary material distribution disc and is connected with a microcomputer; the PLC control system is connected with the first motor, the second motor, the hydraulic station, the infrared detection analyzer and the microcomputer. The automatic garbage classification device is simple in structure, easy and convenient to realize, capable of realizing more detailed garbage classification and capable of being used for article classification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage classification equipment, in particular to an automatic garbage classification device.
Background
A large amount of garbage is generated in life and production, and the garbage is often classified in order to be reasonably recovered, treated and reused. The existing garbage classification mainly includes arranging different garbage cans to contain different types of garbage (mainly recyclable garbage and non-recyclable garbage) to realize classification. However, the method has great limitations, firstly, the classification is mainly conscious, and in reality, many people cannot achieve the conscious classification; secondly, the classification is not detailed enough, and only two or three types (such as recoverable garbage and unrecoverable garbage) can be classified, and further classification is needed in the post-treatment.
Some automatic garbage sorting devices exist in the prior art, and can perform multi-class classification on mixed garbage. Chinese patent CN101422779B discloses an automatic classification device for landfill garbage, which has a complex structure and strong limitation, and is only suitable for classification of landfill garbage and has the main function of separating out combustible garbage. Chinese patent CN106824498B discloses a buoyancy garbage automatic sorting device, which belongs to the field of garbage sorting equipment, and realizes the sorting of plastic garbage and domestic garbage by different densities of garbage and different states in water. This buoyancy rubbish automatic classification device is used for realizing the classification of the rubbish of different density (buoyancy), but need use more water, consequently has certain water consumption problem, and cost and energy consumption problem are outstanding.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides an automatic garbage classification device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
automatic garbage classification device comprises: the centrifugal garbage separator is driven by a first motor to rotate so as to realize centrifugal movement of garbage in the centrifugal garbage separator; the rotary material distribution disc is arranged below the centrifugal garbage separator and is driven by a second motor to rotate; the rotary material distribution disc is circumferentially divided into a plurality of areas, each area is provided with a rotary disc valve, the rotary disc valves are matched with door closers, and the door closers are controlled by a hydraulic station to realize opening and closing of the rotary disc valves; the infrared detection analyzer is positioned above the rotary distributing disc; the infrared detection analyzer is connected with a microcomputer; the PLC control system is connected with the first motor, the second motor, the hydraulic station and the infrared detection analyzer and controls the first motor, the second motor, the hydraulic station and the infrared detection analyzer; the PLC control system is connected with the microcomputer and receives information of the microcomputer to perform corresponding operation.
As an optimization of the automatic garbage sorting device, the rotary material-distributing disc is supported by an elastic support rod, a third motor is arranged beside the elastic support rod, an output shaft of the third motor is provided with a cam, and the cam is in contact with the elastic support rod and drives the elastic support rod to swing under the rotation of the cam; and the third motor is connected with the PLC control system and is controlled by the PLC control system.
As an optimization of the automatic garbage sorting device, the automatic garbage sorting device further comprises a spectrum detection analyzer, wherein the spectrum detection analyzer is arranged above the rotary material distribution disc and used for detecting the information of the garbage on the rotary material distribution disc and transmitting the detected information to the microcomputer; the spectrum detection analyzer is connected with the PLC control system and is controlled by the PLC control system.
As an optimization of the automatic garbage sorting device, the automatic garbage sorting device further comprises an ultrasonic detection analyzer, wherein the ultrasonic detection analyzer is arranged above the rotary material distribution disc and used for detecting the information of the garbage on the rotary material distribution disc and transmitting the detected information to the microcomputer; the ultrasonic detection analyzer is connected with the PLC control system and is controlled by the PLC control system.
As an optimization of the automatic garbage sorting device, the automatic garbage sorting device further comprises a microwave detection analyzer, wherein the microwave detection analyzer is arranged above the rotary material distribution disc and used for detecting the information of the garbage on the rotary material distribution disc and transmitting the detected information to the microcomputer; the microwave detection analyzer is connected with the PLC control system and is controlled by the PLC control system.
As an optimization of the automatic garbage sorting device, the automatic garbage sorting device further comprises a laser chromatography detection analyzer, wherein the laser chromatography detection analyzer is arranged above the rotary material distribution disc and used for detecting the information of the garbage on the rotary material distribution disc and transmitting the detected information to the microcomputer; the laser chromatography detection analyzer is connected with the PLC control system and is controlled by the PLC control system.
As an optimization of the automatic garbage sorting device, a garbage storage tank is arranged above the centrifugal garbage separator, a garbage storage tank opening cover is arranged at the lower end of the garbage storage tank, and the garbage storage tank opening cover is connected with the PLC control system and is controlled to open and close by the PLC control system.
As an optimization of the automatic garbage classification device, a garbage recycling pipeline leading to the garbage storage tank is arranged below the rotary material distribution disc, one end of the garbage recycling pipeline is arranged below the rotary material distribution disc, the other end of the garbage recycling pipeline is arranged above the side of a recycling tank for recycling garbage, and the end part of the garbage recycling pipeline is tangent to the outer side wall of the recycling tank.
As an optimization of the automatic garbage sorting device, the door closer is connected with the rotary disc valve through a rotary shaft; the rotating shafts are multiple and correspond to the rotating disc valves one by one.
As an optimization of the automatic garbage classification device, the recycling tank includes a plurality of recyclable garbage tanks and non-recyclable garbage tanks, and the recyclable garbage tanks and the non-recyclable garbage tanks are disposed on the liftable bracket.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, after being centrifuged in a centrifugal garbage separator, garbage is sequentially and circumferentially arranged on a rotary material distribution disc from heavy to light and from large to small in specific gravity to finish rough separation, the shapes and volumes of various types of garbage on the rotary material distribution disc and the positions of the garbage on the rotary material distribution disc are measured by an infrared detection analyzer, the rough separation is roughly performed, the rough separation can be subdivided by other optimized analysis methods, and the rotary material distribution disc and a rotary disc valve on the rotary material distribution disc are controlled by a PLC (programmable logic controller) control system, so that the corresponding garbage can fall into a corresponding recovery tank through a pipeline to realize garbage classification. The automatic garbage classification device is simple in structure, easy and convenient to realize, has multiple garbage identification modes, can realize more detailed garbage classification, and can also be used for article classification.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the position of the elastic support rod and the cam;
FIG. 3 is a schematic deflection view (front view) of the rotary distribution disc and the resilient support bar;
FIG. 4 is a schematic deflection (top view) of the rotary distribution disc and the flexible support rod;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the elastic support rod and the cam;
FIG. 6 is an assembly view of the rotary distribution disc with the rotary disc valve, with the door closer fitted;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the rotary distribution disc when closed;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the rotary distribution disk when open;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a recycling waste pipe.
Wherein the labels shown in the figures are: 2: a refuse transport pipe; 3: a waste storage tank; 4: opening a cover of the garbage storage tank; 5: a centrifugal refuse separator; 6: a first motor; 7: an infrared detection analyzer; 8: a spectral detection analyzer; 9: a second motor; 10: a speed reducer; 11: rotating the material distribution disc; 12: a microwave detection analyzer; 13: a garbage recycling pipeline; 14: the garbage can be recycled; 15: a bracket capable of lifting; 16: a PLC control system; 17: a hydraulic station; 18: non-recyclable garbage cans; 19: an ultrasonic detection analyzer; 20: a laser chromatography detection analyzer; 21: an outlet of the centrifugal waste separator; 25: a bag breaking knife; 26: a rotating shaft; 27: a door closer; 28: rotating the disc valve; 29-1: an elastic support bar; 29-2: a cam; 29-3: a third motor; 30: a material-distributing disk belt; 31: a microcomputer.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships where products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or the element to which the present invention is directed must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "provided," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic garbage sorting apparatus, which mainly includes: the device comprises a centrifugal garbage separator 5, a rotary material-separating disc 11, a recovery tank, an infrared detection analyzer 7, a spectrum detection analyzer 8, an ultrasonic detection analyzer 19, a microwave detection analyzer 12, a laser chromatography detection analyzer 20, a microcomputer 31, a PLC control system and the like.
Referring to fig. 1, the centrifugal garbage separator 5 is driven by the first motor 6 to rotate so as to enable the garbage in the centrifugal garbage separator 5 to do centrifugal motion, specifically, the centrifugal garbage separator 5 is divided into a fixed upper portion and a lower portion rotatably connected to the upper portion, the first motor 6 is connected to the lower portion of the centrifugal garbage separator 5 through a belt and enables the centrifugal garbage in the centrifugal garbage separator 5 to do centrifugal motion through the rotation of the centrifugal garbage separator 5 through a belt or a gear transmission manner. The lower part of the centrifugal garbage separator 5 is of an inverted cone structure, and the lower end of the centrifugal garbage separator is provided with a centrifugal garbage separator outlet 21. 5 fixed garbage storage tank 3 that is equipped with in top of centrifugal garbage separator, garbage storage tank 3's lower extreme is equipped with the garbage storage tank and opens lid 4, and the garbage storage tank opens lid 4 and links to each other with PLC control system 16 and is controlled by PLC control system 16 and opens and shuts. The garbage conveying pipe 2 is arranged on the garbage storage tank 3, the bag breaking knife 25 is arranged in the garbage conveying pipe 2, and the bag breaking knife 25 can cut and break the garbage bag, so that the garbage in the garbage bag is scattered out to realize better centrifugal separation.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the rotary material-distributing disk 11 is disposed below the centrifugal trash separator 5, the rotary material-distributing disk 11 is driven by the second motor 9, the second motor 9 is equipped with a speed reducer 10, and is connected to the rotary material-distributing disk 11 through a belt pulley or a gear to rotate the rotary material-distributing disk 11. The rotary material-distributing disk 11 is supported by an elastic supporting rod 29-1, the lower end of the elastic supporting rod 29-1 is rotatably arranged on the rotary supporting frame, and the second motor 9 and the speed reducer 10 are connected with a belt pulley at the bottom end of the elastic supporting rod 29-1 through a material-distributing disk belt 30 or are driven by a gear so as to realize the rotation of the rotary material-distributing disk 11. Referring to fig. 2, a third motor 29-3 is disposed beside the elastic support rod 29-1, a cam 29-2 is disposed on an output shaft of the third motor 29-3, the cam 29-2 contacts with the elastic support rod 29-1, and the cam 29-2 rotates to drive the elastic support rod 29-1 to swing (refer to fig. 3 to 5, wherein dotted lines in fig. 3 and 4 are schematic positions when the rotary material-separating disc 11 and the elastic support rod 29-1 swing). The third motor 29-3 is connected to the PLC control system 16 and is controlled by the PLC control system 16. When the cam 29-2 is rotated by the third motor 29-3, the contact surface between the spring support bar 29-1 and the cam 29-2 has sufficient friction. The spring support bar 29-1 rotates along the side of the cam 29-2 to the point b of the cam 29-2 (see fig. 5), and then slides down to the point a of the cam 29-2, thus vibrating the rotary feed disk 11 at the upper end of the spring support bar 29-1. When the upper end of the elastic supporting rod 29-1 rotates to the point b on the cam 29-2, the third motor 29-3 stops rotating, the device swings and vibrates once, the stress direction of the mechanism is found, and the rotary material-distributing disk 11 generates horizontal vibration to enable garbage on the rotary material-distributing disk 11 to generate horizontal displacement due to the inertia effect. The volume and the moving distance of each garbage are measured according to the infrared detection analyzer 7, so that the specific gravity of each garbage is obtained. After the garbage information is obtained, the garbage information and the position of the garbage on the rotary material distribution disc 11 are stored in the microcomputer 31 and are compared with the original comparison information of various types of garbage, so that various types of garbage are analyzed and determined (the original comparison information of various types of garbage is prestored in the microcomputer 31), and the position of various types of garbage on the rotary material distribution disc 11 is determined.
Referring to fig. 6 to 8, the rotary material separating disc 11 is circumferentially divided into a plurality of areas, each area is provided with a rotary disc valve 28, the rotary disc valve 28 is matched with a door closer 27, and the door closer 27 is controlled by the hydraulic station 17 to open and close the rotary disc valve 28. The door closer 27 is connected with the rotary disc valve 28 through a rotating shaft 26; the number of the rotary shafts 26 is plural, and the rotary shafts correspond to the plural rotary disc valves 28 one by one. The hydraulic station 17 is controlled by the PLC control system 16, and the hydraulic station 17 controls the door closers 27, thereby opening and closing the rotary disc valves 28 corresponding to the door closers 27. When the garbage on the rotary material distributing disk 11 is rotated to the position above the opening of the pipeline connected with the corresponding recovery tank, and the rotary disk valve 28 is opened, the garbage on the corresponding position can fall off from the rotary disk valve 28 and then fall into the corresponding recovery tank through the recovery garbage pipeline 13.
Referring to fig. 1, the recycling bin is located on the side of the rotary material-separating disc 11 for receiving the garbage falling from the rotary disc valve 28. In the preferred embodiment, the recycling tanks include a recyclable waste tank 14 and a non-recyclable waste tank 18, with a plurality of recyclable waste tanks 14 for collecting different types of recyclable waste and one non-recyclable waste tank 18 for collecting non-recyclable waste. Referring to fig. 1 and 9, a plurality of recycling garbage pipes 13 are disposed under the rotary distributing disk 11, the recycling garbage pipes 13 are open at the upper ends, the outlet ends of the recycling garbage pipes 13 are aligned with the upper openings of the recyclable garbage can 14 and the non-recyclable garbage can 18, so that the garbage falling from the rotary disk valve 28 in each area of the rotary distributing disk 11 can enter the different recyclable garbage can 14 and the non-recyclable garbage can 18 through the recycling garbage pipes 13, thereby realizing garbage classification. One end of the garbage recycling pipeline 13 is arranged below the rotary material distributing disc 11, the other end of the garbage recycling pipeline is arranged above the side of the garbage recycling tank, and the end part of the garbage recycling pipeline 13 is tangent to the outer side wall of the garbage recycling tank. In the preferred embodiment, the recyclable waste containers 14 are arranged in a sorted order of metal, glass, bone, paper, plastic, rubber, wood, etc. The recyclable waste tank 14 and the non-recyclable waste tank 18 are placed on the liftable bracket 15, and the recyclable waste tank 14 and the non-recyclable waste tank 18 on the liftable bracket 15 are lifted by the hydraulic station 17 and discharged in reverse (conventional technique). The end of the recycling waste pipe 13 is tangent to the outer side wall of the recycling tank, so that the recycling waste tank 14 and the non-recycling waste tank 18 are prevented from contacting the end of the recycling waste pipe 13 and being lifted, and the tangent structure can ensure that the waste falls into the recycling waste tank 14 and the non-recycling waste tank 18 completely.
The infrared detection analyzer 7 is arranged above the rotary material distribution disk 11, combines centrifugal separation, and vibrates the rotary material distribution disk 11 to measure the shape, volume and specific gravity of various wastes on the rotary material distribution disk 11 and the position of the wastes on the rotary material distribution disk 11. The infrared detection analyzer 7 is connected with the microcomputer 31, and after the garbage information is obtained, the garbage information and the position of the garbage on the rotary material distribution disc 11 are stored in the microcomputer 31, and the position of various types of garbage on the rotary material distribution disc 11 is determined.
Referring to fig. 1, the automatic garbage sorting device further includes a spectrum detection analyzer 8, and the spectrum detection analyzer 8 is disposed above the rotary material-separating disk 11 for detecting the garbage information on the rotary material-separating disk 11 and transmitting the detected information to the microcomputer 31. The principle is to determine whether the material is the recyclable material of the assigned setting by measuring the chemical combination of the materials based on the spectrum emitted by the atoms. The specific implementation is as follows: the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the spectrum detection analyzer 8 radiates each object (garbage) on the rotary material-distributing disk 11 after centrifugal separation, rotary vibration and infrared analysis according to the same wavelength, intensity and other conditions to obtain the data of the wavelength, intensity and the like reflected by each object on the rotary material-distributing disk 11, the data are stored in the microcomputer 31 and compared with the data of each type of material which is stored in the microcomputer 31 in advance and is radiated under the same condition to obtain whether each object belongs to the recyclable material and which type of recyclable material, and the position of each object on the rotary material-distributing disk 11 is determined.
Referring to fig. 1, the automatic garbage sorting apparatus further includes an ultrasonic detection analyzer 19, wherein the ultrasonic detection analyzer 19 is disposed above the rotary material-separating disk 11 for detecting the garbage information on the rotary material-separating disk 11 and transmitting the detected information to the microcomputer 31. The ultrasonic detection analyzer 19 generates electrical oscillations that are applied to the transducer (probe) to excite the transducer (probe) to emit continuous ultrasonic waves of varying frequency and periodic characteristics. The ultrasonic wave has the characteristics of linear propagation and the characteristics of reflected wave refracted wave and the like when the density in a propagation medium is changed. According to the difference frequency change of the transmitted wave and the reflected wave and the amplitude of the reflected wave, by applying the propagation speed and the rebound value of the ultrasonic wave, when the sound wave passes through different substances, energy can be lost and attenuated, and when the sound wave meets a medium interface with different acoustic impedance, phenomena such as reflection, refraction and the like can occur. The transmitting circuit controls the probe to transmit ultrasonic wave to each object, the probe receives the reflected sound wave from each object, the received information is stored in the microcomputer 31 via the receiving and amplifying circuit, and the information is compared with the information of the article which is stored in the microcomputer 31 and scanned by ultrasonic wave under the same condition. This process is carried out with the emitter circuit and the scanning circuit controlled by the synchronization circuit, and is analyzed according to the above method to find out whether each object belongs to the recyclable substance and which type of recyclable substance, and to determine the position of each object on the rotary material-distributing disk 11.
Referring to fig. 1, the automatic garbage sorting apparatus further includes a microwave detection analyzer 12, wherein the microwave detection analyzer 12 is disposed above the rotary material-separating disk 11 for detecting information of garbage on the rotary material-separating disk 11 and transmitting the detected information to the microcomputer 31. During implementation, the microwave detection analyzer 12 modulates microwaves with a certain frequency on a carrier wave, transmits the microwaves to each object on the rotary material-separating disc 11 after centrifugal separation, rotary vibration and infrared analysis, receives data such as the phase of the detection modulation waves fed back, automatically inputs the data into the microcomputer 31, compares the data with the data of various materials detected by the microwaves, which are pre-stored in the microcomputer 31 and measured under the same condition, analyzes the data, and determines the position of the materials on the rotary material-separating disc 11.
Referring to fig. 1, the automatic garbage sorting apparatus further includes a laser chromatography detection analyzer 20, wherein the laser chromatography detection analyzer 20 is disposed above the rotary material separating disc 11 for detecting the garbage information on the rotary material separating disc 11 and transmitting the detected information to the microcomputer 31. Laser with specific wavelength is focused on each object which is subjected to centrifugal separation, rotary vibration and infrared analysis on the rotary material-separating disc 11 through an optical system. The objects are focused under the radiation pressure of the laser, the color spectrum is obtained within a certain time of the laser action, different objects have different color spectrums, the obtained information is automatically stored in the microcomputer 31, the obtained information is compared and analyzed with the data of various materials which are stored in the microcomputer 31 in advance and are subjected to the color spectrum obtained under the same condition through the laser action, whether the materials belong to the recyclable materials or not and which recyclable materials belong to the recyclable materials are obtained, and the positions of the materials on the rotary material distributing disc 11 are determined.
The spectrum detection analyzer 8, the ultrasonic detection analyzer 19, the microwave detection analyzer 12 and the laser chromatography detection analyzer 20 can be used simultaneously or only one or more of them, and the main function is to obtain whether each object belongs to a recoverable substance and which type of recoverable substance, and determine the position of each object on the rotary distribution disc 11.
The PLC control system 16 is connected with the first motor 6, the second motor 9, the third motor 29-3, the hydraulic station 17, the infrared detection analyzer 7, the spectrum detection analyzer 8, the ultrasonic detection analyzer 19, the microwave detection analyzer 12 and the laser chromatography detection analyzer 20, and controls the first motor 6, the second motor 9, the third motor 29-3, the hydraulic station 17, the infrared detection analyzer 7, the spectrum detection analyzer 8, the ultrasonic detection analyzer 19, the microwave detection analyzer 12 and the laser chromatography detection analyzer 20. The PLC control system 16 is connected to the microcomputer 31 and receives information from the microcomputer 31 to perform a corresponding operation.
When the garbage separating machine is in operation, garbage (articles) enters the garbage conveying pipe 2 and is temporarily stored in the garbage storage tank 3, after the garbage storage tank 3 stores a certain amount of garbage, the PLC control system 16 controls the garbage storage tank to open the cover 4 so as to convey the garbage into the centrifugal garbage separator 5 for centrifugal treatment, the garbage after the centrifugal treatment is discharged from the outlet 21 of the centrifugal garbage separator, falls onto the rotating rotary separating disc 11 and is sequentially arranged on the rotary separating disc 11 according to the weight from heavy to light, and the specific gravity is arranged on the rotary separating disc 11 from large to small (distributed in the circumferential direction); at the moment, the second motor 9 is stopped, the rotary material-distributing disk 11 stops rotating, the infrared detection analyzer 7 above the rotary material-distributing disk 11 is started, the shapes and the volumes of various wastes on the rotary material-distributing disk 11 and the positions of the wastes on the rotary material-distributing disk 11 are measured, and the measured values are transmitted to the microcomputer 31; the third motor 29-3 and the cam 29-2 act to make the rotary material-distributing disk 11 vibrate, so that the garbage on the rotary material-distributing disk 11 can produce horizontal displacement due to inertia, the volume and the moving distance of each garbage are measured according to the infrared detection analyzer 7, thereby obtaining the specific gravity of each garbage, after the garbage information is obtained, the garbage information and the position on the rotary material-distributing disk 11 are stored in the microcomputer 31 and compared with the original comparison information of each type of garbage, thereby better determining the position of each type of garbage on the rotary material-distributing disk 11 and completing the rough separation (primary separation and analysis) of the garbage; the PLC control system 16 divides one or more of the rough sorting spectrum detection analyzer 8, the ultrasonic detection analyzer 19, the microwave detection analyzer 12 and the laser chromatography detection analyzer 20 based on the above to obtain whether each object belongs to the recyclable material and belongs to which type of recyclable material, and the position of each object on the rotary material-separating disc 11 is accurate, the microcomputer 31 obtains the information, the PLC control system 16 controls the first motor 6 to rotate the rotary material-separating disc 11 according to the information, so that the area where certain type of garbage on the rotary material-separating disc 11 is located is rotated to the position corresponding to the corresponding recyclable garbage can 14 or the unrecoverable garbage can 18, at the moment, the PLC control system 16 controls the hydraulic station 17 to control the door closer 27 to open the rotary disc valve 28, at the moment, certain specific garbage at the corresponding position falls from the rotary disc valve 28 and falls through the recycling garbage pipeline 13 to the corresponding recycling can, other types of garbage are also recycled in the mode, and classification of different types of garbage can be realized after multiple operations.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. Automatic garbage classification device, its characterized in that, including: the centrifugal garbage separator (5) is driven by a first motor (6) to rotate so as to realize centrifugal movement of garbage in the centrifugal garbage separator (5); the rotary material distribution disc (11) is arranged below the centrifugal garbage separator (5), and the rotary material distribution disc (11) is driven to rotate by a second motor (9); the rotary material distribution disc (11) is circumferentially divided into a plurality of areas, each area is provided with a rotary disc valve (28), the rotary disc valves (28) are matched with door closers (27), and the door closers (27) are controlled by a hydraulic station (17) to realize opening and closing of the rotary disc valves (28); an infrared detection analyzer (7) positioned above the rotary distributing disk (11); the infrared detection analyzer (7) is connected with a microcomputer (31); the PLC control system (16) is connected with the first motor (6), the second motor (9), the hydraulic station (17) and the infrared detection analyzer (7) and controls the first motor (6), the second motor (9), the hydraulic station (17) and the infrared detection analyzer (7); the PLC control system (16) is connected with the microcomputer (31) and receives information of the microcomputer (31) to perform corresponding operation, and the garbage discharged from the centrifugal garbage separator (5) falls on the rotating rotary material distribution disc (11) and is sequentially arranged on the rotary material distribution disc (11) from heavy to light in a circumferential direction from large to small in specific gravity.
2. The automatic garbage sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the rotary material-distributing disk (11) is supported by an elastic supporting rod (29-1), a third motor (29-3) is arranged beside the elastic supporting rod (29-1), a cam (29-2) is arranged on an output shaft of the third motor (29-3), the cam (29-2) is in contact with the elastic supporting rod (29-1), and the cam (29-2) drives the elastic supporting rod (29-1) to swing under the rotation of the cam (29-2); the third motor (29-3) is connected with the PLC control system (16) and is controlled by the PLC control system (16).
3. The automatic garbage sorting device according to claim 1, further comprising a spectrum detection analyzer (8), wherein the spectrum detection analyzer (8) is arranged above the rotary distributing disk (11) and is used for detecting the information of the garbage on the rotary distributing disk (11) and transmitting the detected information to the microcomputer (31); the spectrum detection analyzer (8) is connected with the PLC control system (16) and is controlled by the PLC control system (16).
4. The automatic sorting device of the garbage according to the claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an ultrasonic detection analyzer (19), said ultrasonic detection analyzer (19) is arranged above said rotary distributing disk (11) for detecting the information of the garbage on said rotary distributing disk (11) and transmitting the detected information to said microcomputer (31); the ultrasonic detection analyzer (19) is connected with the PLC control system (16) and is controlled by the PLC control system (16).
5. The automatic sorting device of the garbage according to the claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a microwave detection analyzer (12), said microwave detection analyzer (12) is arranged above said rotary distributing disk (11) for detecting the information of the garbage on said rotary distributing disk (11) and transmitting the detected information to said microcomputer (31); the microwave detection analyzer (12) is connected with the PLC control system (16) and is controlled by the PLC control system (16).
6. The automatic garbage sorting device according to claim 1, further comprising a laser chromatography detection analyzer (20), wherein the laser chromatography detection analyzer (20) is arranged above the rotary distribution disc (11) and is used for detecting the information of the garbage on the rotary distribution disc (11) and transmitting the detected information to the microcomputer (31); the laser chromatography detection analyzer (20) is connected with the PLC control system (16) and is controlled by the PLC control system (16).
7. The automatic garbage sorting device according to claim 1, wherein a garbage storage tank (3) is arranged above the centrifugal garbage separator (5), a garbage storage tank opening cover (4) is arranged at the lower end of the garbage storage tank (3), and the garbage storage tank opening cover (4) is connected with the PLC control system (16) and is controlled to open and close by the PLC control system (16).
8. The automatic sorting device of the garbage according to the claim 1, characterized in that the rotary distributing disc (11) is provided with a garbage recycling pipe (13) leading to the garbage storage tank, one end of the garbage recycling pipe (13) is arranged below the rotary distributing disc (11), the other end is arranged above the side of the recycling tank for recycling the garbage, and the end of the garbage recycling pipe (13) is tangent to the outer side wall of the recycling tank.
9. An automatic waste sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the door closer (27) is connected to a rotary disc valve (28) by means of a rotary shaft (26); the rotating shafts (26) are multiple and correspond to the rotating disc valves (28) one by one.
10. The automatic garbage sorting device according to claim 8, wherein the recycling tank comprises a plurality of recyclable garbage tanks (14) and non-recyclable garbage tanks (18), the recyclable garbage tanks (14) and the non-recyclable garbage tanks (18) are provided on an elevating bracket (15).
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| CN201910417010.8A CN110314851B (en) | 2019-05-20 | 2019-05-20 | Automatic garbage classification device |
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| CN201910417010.8A CN110314851B (en) | 2019-05-20 | 2019-05-20 | Automatic garbage classification device |
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| CN110314851A CN110314851A (en) | 2019-10-11 |
| CN110314851B true CN110314851B (en) | 2022-06-10 |
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| CN111715533B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2023-06-16 | 湖北民族大学 | Paper-plastic garbage separation system |
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| CN105710044A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-06-29 | 青岛工学院 | Intelligent classification system for recoverable garbage |
| CN107298261B (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2019-04-09 | 黄霄飞 | A kind of rubbish from cooking classification processing device |
| CN108263776A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-07-10 | 刘素丹 | A kind of classification harvester of distributed automatization recyclable rubbish |
| CN109230036A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-18 | 深圳市研本品牌设计有限公司 | It is a kind of classified garbage box monitored |
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