CN110311631B - Radio frequency power amplifier, radio frequency power amplifying method and magnetic resonance imaging system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application relates to a radio frequency power amplifier, a radio frequency power amplifying method and a magnetic resonance imaging system, when the radio frequency power amplifier works, the working characteristics of the radio frequency power amplifier are compensated according to the actual working temperature of a temperature characteristic sensitive element (impedance isolation optimizing unit), so that the output change of the radio frequency power amplifier caused by the working temperature change can be compensated, the fidelity and the repeatability of the output of the radio frequency power amplifier are ensured, and the requirement of the system on the stability of an output signal is met.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of radio frequency technologies, and in particular, to a radio frequency power amplifier, a radio frequency power amplifying method, and a magnetic resonance imaging system.
Background
The magnetic resonance imaging (Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI) system is a system for imaging according to the magnetic resonance imaging principle, has the characteristics of small influence on a patient, multiple scanning orientations, high image definition, high disease diagnosis rate and the like, and is widely applied to the medical field.
In MRI systems, a radio frequency power amplifier (Radio Frequency Power Amplifier, RFPA) is one of the core components of a radio frequency transmit chain that is capable of outputting high fidelity and high repeatability signals in linear response to radio frequency signal commands issued by the system. However, there are some temperature-sensitive elements inside the RFPA whose operating characteristics change with changes in operating temperature, thereby reducing the fidelity and repeatability of the overall RFPA output. And, as the requirements for signal stability become higher and higher with the development of various advanced applications in magnetic resonance imaging systems, the problem becomes more serious.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a radio frequency power amplifier, a radio frequency power amplifying method and a magnetic resonance imaging system that ensure the fidelity and repeatability of RFPA output, in view of the problems existing in the prior art.
A radio frequency power amplifier comprising: the device comprises a control unit, a radio frequency amplifying unit, an impedance isolation optimizing unit and a temperature detecting unit, wherein the control unit, the radio frequency amplifying unit and the impedance isolation optimizing unit are sequentially connected, and the temperature detecting unit is respectively connected with the impedance isolation optimizing unit and the control unit;
the temperature detection unit is used for detecting the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimization unit and feeding the current temperature back to the control unit;
the control unit is used for acquiring a first radio frequency signal to be amplified, obtaining a second radio frequency signal subjected to temperature compensation according to the first radio frequency signal and the current temperature, and sending the second radio frequency signal to the amplifying unit;
the amplifying unit is used for amplifying the second radio frequency signal to obtain an amplified third radio frequency signal;
the impedance isolation optimization unit is used for performing signal processing on the third radio frequency signal to obtain a fourth radio frequency signal, wherein the fourth radio frequency signal is a radio frequency signal output to a load by the radio frequency power amplifier.
In one embodiment, the impedance isolation optimization unit includes at least one of a circulator and an output matching network.
In one embodiment, the control unit includes a temperature compensation module;
the temperature compensation module is used for obtaining the current working characteristic compensation corresponding to the current temperature according to the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimization unit and the preset corresponding relation between the temperature and the working characteristic compensation.
In one embodiment, the operating characteristics include at least one of gain magnitude and phase, output voltage magnitude and phase.
In one embodiment, the temperature compensation module is further configured to compensate according to the first radio frequency signal and the current operating characteristic, and obtain a second radio frequency signal after temperature compensation.
In one embodiment, the temperature compensation module performs a synthesis process according to the first rf signal and the current operating characteristic compensation, and uses a processing result as the temperature compensated second rf signal.
In one embodiment, the synthesizing process includes any one of an addition summation process and a weighted summation process.
In one embodiment, the temperature compensation module is implemented by at least one of a digital circuit and an analog circuit.
In one embodiment, the signal type of the first radio frequency signal includes at least one of a digital signal and an analog signal.
A radio frequency power amplification method comprising:
detecting the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimizing unit;
acquiring a first radio frequency signal to be amplified, and acquiring a second radio frequency signal subjected to temperature compensation according to the first radio frequency signal and the current temperature;
amplifying the second radio frequency signal to obtain an amplified third radio frequency signal;
and performing signal processing on the third radio frequency signal to obtain a fourth radio frequency signal, wherein the fourth radio frequency signal is a radio frequency signal output to a load.
A magnetic resonance imaging system comprising the radio frequency power amplifier described above.
According to the radio frequency power amplifier, the radio frequency power amplifying method and the magnetic resonance imaging system, when the radio frequency power amplifier works, the working characteristics of the radio frequency power amplifier are compensated according to the actual working temperature of the element (impedance isolation optimizing unit) sensitive to the temperature characteristics, so that the output change of the radio frequency power amplifier caused by the working temperature change can be compensated, the fidelity and the repeatability of the output of the radio frequency power amplifier are ensured, and the requirement of the system on the stability of an output signal is met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an RFPA in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an RF power amplifier in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of amplifying RF power in one embodiment;
figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic resonance imaging system in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the main structural diagram of a rf power amplifier RFPA in the prior art mainly includes a control unit, a radio frequency amplifying unit and a circulator, where the control unit receives a radio frequency signal instruction A1 sent by other systems, and sends a radio frequency signal A2 corresponding to the radio frequency signal instruction A1 to the radio frequency amplifying unit to amplify the radio frequency signal to obtain a radio frequency signal A3, and ideally, an output signal of the radio frequency signal A3 after passing through the circulator is closer to the radio frequency signal A3, so that the RFPA can output an output signal closer to the radio frequency signal A3 to other loads. However, the circulator belongs to a nonlinear device sensitive to temperature characteristics, in an actual situation, power loss of the circulator during operation can cause a certain heat accumulation in the circulator, so that gain and phase characteristics of the circulator are changed, and accordingly, the radio frequency signal A3 is actually output to be the radio frequency signal A4 with a larger difference from the radio frequency signal A3 after passing through the circulator, and accordingly, the fidelity and the repeatability of RFPA output are reduced.
Aiming at the problems, the application provides the radio frequency power amplifier which can effectively compensate amplitude and phase output changes caused by time and temperature accumulation when the RFPA works, thereby improving the fidelity and the repeatability of the RFPA output.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, there is provided a radio frequency power amplifier comprising: the control unit 100, the radio frequency amplifying unit 200 and the impedance isolation optimizing unit 300 are sequentially connected, and the temperature detecting unit 400 is connected with the impedance isolation optimizing unit 300 and the control unit 100, respectively. For ease of understanding, the arrow directions in the figures represent signal flow directions.
The temperature detection unit 400 is configured to detect a current temperature of the impedance isolation optimization unit 300 and feed back the current temperature to the control unit 100; the control unit 100 is configured to obtain a first rf signal Sin1 to be amplified, obtain a temperature-compensated second rf signal Sin2 according to the first rf signal Sin1 and a current temperature, and send the second rf signal Sin2 to the rf amplifying unit 200; the rf amplifying unit 200 is configured to amplify the second rf signal Sin2 to obtain an amplified third rf signal Sin3; the impedance isolation optimization unit 300 is configured to perform signal processing on the third rf signal Sin3 to obtain a fourth rf signal Sin4, where the fourth rf signal Sin4 is an rf signal output by the rf power amplifier to the load.
The impedance isolation optimization unit 300 is located between the rf amplification unit 200 and the output load, and is used to mitigate or eliminate the influence of the load impedance mismatch on the operating characteristics of the rf amplification unit 200. The third radio frequency signal Sin3 is processed by the impedance isolation unit to obtain a fourth radio frequency signal Sin4, and the fourth radio frequency signal Sin4 is output to the load.
Referring to fig. 2, the control unit 100 obtains a third rf signal Sin3 according to the first rf signal Sin1 and the second rf signal Sin2 compensated by the current temperature, and the second rf signal Sin2 has a certain signal difference compared with the first rf signal Sin1 due to the temperature compensation, the second rf signal Sin2 is amplified by the rf amplifying unit 200 to obtain a third rf signal Sin3, and after the third rf signal Sin3 is passed by the impedance isolation optimizing unit 300, the operating characteristic of the impedance isolation optimizing unit 300 changes with the temperature, and the change causes the signal change of the third rf signal Sin3 to exactly cancel the previous temperature compensation, so that the obtained fourth rf signal Sin4 is identical to or close to the expected output signal, and the expected output signal can be obtained through the rf power amplifier.
It is understood that the temperature detecting unit 400 may be integrally disposed inside the rf power amplifier, or may be separately disposed, which is not limited herein, so long as the temperature detecting unit 400 can detect the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimizing unit 300 and feed back the current temperature to the control unit 100.
In addition, the control unit 100, the radio frequency amplifying unit 200, the impedance isolation optimizing unit 300, and the temperature detecting unit 400 may perform signal transmission through a plug and play interface, or may be connected through other manners, which are not limited herein, so long as the units can perform normal signal transmission according to the connection relationship in the present embodiment.
When the radio frequency power amplifier provided by the embodiment works, the working characteristics of the radio frequency power amplifier are compensated according to the actual working temperature of the element (the impedance isolation optimization unit 300) with sensitive temperature characteristics, so that the output change of the radio frequency power amplifier caused by the working temperature change can be compensated, the fidelity and the repeatability of the output of the radio frequency power amplifier are ensured, and the requirement of a system on the stability of an output signal is met.
In one embodiment, the rf power amplifier further includes a power supply unit (not shown in the figure), where the power supply unit is configured to supply power to the control unit 100, the rf amplifying unit 200, the impedance isolation optimization unit 300, and the temperature detection unit 400, respectively, where the power supply unit may supply power to the units through a plug-and-play interface, or may supply power to the units through other manners, which are not limited herein, so long as the power supply unit can normally supply power to the units.
In one embodiment, the impedance isolation optimization unit 300 includes at least one of a circulator and an output matching network. The circulator can transmit the radio frequency signal from the radio frequency amplifying unit 200 to other loads connected with the radio frequency power amplifier, and meanwhile, the influence of impedance mismatch of the other loads on the working characteristics of the radio frequency amplifying unit 200 is reduced or eliminated. The output matching network is used for completing the function of output impedance matching and mainly comprises an inductor and a capacitor. The impedance isolation optimization unit 300 may include only a circulator, only an output matching network, or both the circulator and the output matching network.
In one embodiment, the control unit 100 includes a temperature compensation module; the temperature compensation module is configured to obtain a current working characteristic compensation corresponding to the current temperature according to the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimization unit 300 and a preset correspondence between the temperature and the working characteristic compensation.
For the temperature-sensitive characteristic of the impedance isolation optimization unit 300, the corresponding relation of the working characteristic of the impedance isolation optimization unit 300 along with the change of temperature can be obtained in advance, corresponding working characteristic compensation is obtained, modeling is carried out, the built model can be a compensation function or a lookup table containing the working characteristic along with the temperature, and the corresponding working characteristic compensation can be obtained according to the temperature value of the fed-back impedance isolation optimization unit 300. The temperature compensation module stores a model including a correspondence between the operating characteristic compensation and the temperature, so that after the temperature detection unit 400 sends the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimization unit 300 to the control unit 100, the temperature compensation module in the control unit 100 may obtain the current operating characteristic compensation corresponding to the current temperature according to the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimization unit 300, through the correspondence between the operating characteristic compensation and the temperature included in the model.
In one embodiment, the operating characteristics include at least one of gain magnitude and phase, output voltage magnitude and phase.
In one embodiment, the temperature compensation module is further configured to compensate according to the first rf signal Sin1 and the current operating characteristic, and obtain a temperature-compensated second rf signal Sin2.
Referring to fig. 2, after obtaining the current operating characteristic compensation corresponding to the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimization unit 300, the temperature compensation module obtains the second rf signal Sin2 output to the rf amplification unit 200 after the temperature compensation according to the current operating characteristic compensation and the first rf signal Sin1 received by the control unit 100.
In one embodiment, the temperature compensation module performs a synthesis process according to the first rf signal Sin1 and the current operating characteristic compensation, and uses the processing result as the temperature compensated second rf signal Sin2.
In one embodiment, the synthesis process includes any one of an addition summation process and a weighted summation process. For example, the current operation characteristic compensation is represented by Sin0, and when the synthesis process is an addition-summation process, sin 2=sin 0+sin1; when the synthesis process is a weighted summation process, sin2=sin0×a++sin1×b, where a% is the weight corresponding to the current operating characteristic compensation Sin0 and b% is the weight corresponding to the first radio frequency signal Sin 1.
In one embodiment, the temperature compensation module is implemented by at least one of digital circuitry and analog circuitry. For example, the temperature compensation module may be implemented by a purely digital circuit, a purely analog circuit, or a combination of a digital circuit and an analog circuit, which is not limited herein.
In one embodiment, the signal type of the first radio frequency signal Sin1 comprises at least one of a digital signal and an analog signal. For example, the first rf signal Sin1 may be a digital signal, an analog signal, or both a digital signal and an analog signal, which is not limited herein.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a radio frequency power amplification method is provided, the method comprising the steps of:
step S100, detecting the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimization unit. This step may be implemented by a temperature detection unit in the radio frequency power amplifier. The impedance isolation optimization unit includes at least one of a circulator and an output matching network. The circulator can transmit the radio frequency signal from the radio frequency amplifying unit to other loads connected with the radio frequency power amplifier, and meanwhile, the influence of impedance mismatch of the other loads on the working characteristics of the radio frequency amplifying unit is reduced or eliminated. The output matching network is used for completing the function of output impedance matching and mainly comprises an inductor and a capacitor. The impedance isolation optimization unit can only comprise a circulator, only comprise an output matching network, and also comprise the circulator and the output matching network.
Step S200, a first radio frequency signal to be amplified is obtained, and a second radio frequency signal after temperature compensation is obtained according to the first radio frequency signal and the current temperature. In this step, the obtaining of the first radio frequency signal to be amplified may be achieved by a control unit in the radio frequency power amplifier, and the obtaining of the second radio frequency signal after temperature compensation according to the first radio frequency signal and the current temperature may be achieved by a temperature compensation module in the control unit.
Specifically, the step 210 to step 220 of obtaining the temperature compensated second rf signal according to the first rf signal and the current temperature is performed.
Step 210, obtaining the current working characteristic compensation corresponding to the current temperature according to the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimization unit and the preset corresponding relation between the temperature and the working characteristic compensation. For the characteristic of the impedance isolation optimization unit sensitive to temperature, the corresponding relation of the working characteristic of the impedance isolation optimization unit along with the change of temperature can be obtained in advance, corresponding working characteristic compensation is obtained, modeling is carried out, the built model can be a compensation function or a lookup table containing the working characteristic along with the temperature, and the corresponding working characteristic compensation can be obtained according to the temperature value of the fed-back impedance isolation optimization unit. The temperature compensation module stores a model containing the corresponding relation between the working characteristic compensation and the temperature, so that after the temperature detection unit sends the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimization unit to the control unit, the temperature compensation module in the control unit can obtain the current working characteristic compensation corresponding to the current temperature according to the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimization unit through the corresponding relation between the working characteristic compensation and the temperature contained in the model.
Step 220, obtaining a second radio frequency signal after temperature compensation according to the first radio frequency signal and the current working characteristic compensation. The temperature compensation module obtains the current working characteristic compensation corresponding to the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimization unit, and then outputs a second radio frequency signal to the radio frequency amplification unit after the temperature compensation according to the current working characteristic compensation and the first radio frequency signal received by the control unit.
Further, according to the first radio frequency signal and the current working characteristic compensation, obtaining a second radio frequency signal after temperature compensation includes: and carrying out synthesis processing according to the first radio frequency signal and the current working characteristic compensation, and taking the processing result as a second radio frequency signal after temperature compensation. Wherein the synthesis processing includes any one of an addition summation processing and a weighted summation processing. For example, the current operation characteristic compensation is represented by Sin0, and when the synthesis process is an addition-summation process, sin 2=sin 0+sin1; when the synthesis process is a weighted summation process, sin2=sin0×a++sin1×b, where a% is the weight corresponding to the current operating characteristic compensation Sin0 and b% is the weight corresponding to the first radio frequency signal Sin 1.
Step S300, amplifying the second radio frequency signal to obtain an amplified third radio frequency signal. This step may be implemented by a radio frequency amplifying unit in the radio frequency power amplifier.
Step S400, signal processing is performed on the third radio frequency signal to obtain a fourth radio frequency signal, wherein the fourth radio frequency signal is a radio frequency signal output to a load. The step can be realized through an impedance isolation optimizing unit in the radio frequency power amplifier, and the impedance isolation optimizing unit is positioned between the radio frequency amplifying unit and an output load and is used for reducing or eliminating the influence of load impedance mismatch on the working characteristics of the radio frequency amplifying unit. And the third radio frequency signal is processed by the impedance isolation unit to obtain a fourth radio frequency signal, and the fourth radio frequency signal is output to a load.
According to the radio frequency power amplification method, when the radio frequency power amplifier works, the working characteristics of the element (impedance isolation optimization unit) sensitive to the temperature characteristics are compensated according to the actual working temperature of the element, so that the output change of the radio frequency power amplifier caused by the working temperature change can be compensated, the fidelity and the repeatability of the output of the radio frequency power amplifier are ensured, and the requirement of a system on the stability of an output signal is met.
In one embodiment, a magnetic resonance imaging system is provided, the system comprising: a magnetic resonance main device for generating a magnetic resonance image, the magnetic resonance main device comprising a radio frequency coil 10 for generating a radio frequency magnetic field, and a radio frequency power amplifier 20 for transmitting radio frequency signals to the radio frequency coil 10 of the magnetic resonance main device, the radio frequency power amplifier 20 comprising: the device comprises a control unit, a radio frequency amplifying unit, an impedance isolation optimizing unit and a temperature detecting unit, wherein the control unit, the radio frequency amplifying unit and the impedance isolation optimizing unit are sequentially connected, and the temperature detecting unit is respectively connected with the impedance isolation optimizing unit and the control unit; the temperature detection unit is used for detecting the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimization unit and feeding the current temperature back to the control unit; the control unit is used for acquiring a first radio frequency signal to be amplified, obtaining a second radio frequency signal subjected to temperature compensation according to the first radio frequency signal and the current temperature, and sending the second radio frequency signal to the radio frequency amplifying unit; the radio frequency amplifying unit is used for amplifying the second radio frequency signal to obtain an amplified third radio frequency signal; the impedance isolation optimization unit is configured to perform signal processing on the third rf signal to obtain a fourth rf signal, where the fourth rf signal is an rf signal output to the load by the rf power amplifier 20.
In the magnetic resonance imaging system provided by the embodiment, when the radio frequency power amplifier works, the working characteristic of the element (impedance isolation optimization unit) sensitive to the temperature characteristic is compensated according to the actual working temperature of the element, so that the output change of the radio frequency power amplifier caused by the working temperature change can be compensated, the fidelity and the repeatability of the output of the radio frequency power amplifier are ensured, and the requirement of the system on the stability of an output signal is met.
It should be understood that, under reasonable conditions, although the steps in the flowcharts referred to in the foregoing embodiments are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited to the order of execution unless explicitly recited herein, and the steps may be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowcharts may include a plurality of sub-steps or stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of execution of the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in rotation or alternately with at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps or other steps.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A radio frequency power amplifier, comprising: the device comprises a control unit, a radio frequency amplifying unit, an impedance isolation optimizing unit and a temperature detecting unit, wherein the control unit, the radio frequency amplifying unit and the impedance isolation optimizing unit are sequentially connected, and the temperature detecting unit is respectively connected with the impedance isolation optimizing unit and the control unit;
the temperature detection unit is used for detecting the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimization unit and feeding the current temperature back to the control unit;
the control unit is used for acquiring a first radio frequency signal to be amplified, obtaining a second radio frequency signal subjected to temperature compensation according to the first radio frequency signal and the current temperature, and sending the second radio frequency signal to the amplifying unit;
the amplifying unit is used for amplifying the second radio frequency signal to obtain an amplified third radio frequency signal;
the impedance isolation optimization unit is used for performing signal processing on the third radio frequency signal to obtain a fourth radio frequency signal, wherein the fourth radio frequency signal is a radio frequency signal output to a load by the radio frequency power amplifier.
2. The radio frequency power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the impedance isolation optimization unit comprises at least one of a circulator and an output matching network.
3. The radio frequency power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises a temperature compensation module;
the temperature compensation module is used for obtaining the current working characteristic compensation corresponding to the current temperature according to the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimization unit and the preset corresponding relation between the temperature and the working characteristic compensation.
4. The radio frequency power amplifier of claim 3, wherein the operating characteristics include at least one of gain magnitude and phase, output voltage magnitude and phase.
5. The radio frequency power amplifier according to claim 3, wherein the temperature compensation module is further configured to compensate according to the first radio frequency signal and the current operating characteristic, and obtain a temperature compensated second radio frequency signal.
6. The radio frequency power amplifier according to claim 5, wherein the temperature compensation module performs a synthesis process according to the first radio frequency signal and the current operating characteristic compensation, and uses a result of the synthesis process as the temperature compensated second radio frequency signal.
7. The radio frequency power amplifier according to claim 6, wherein the synthesis process includes any one of an addition-summation process and a weighted-summation process.
8. The radio frequency power amplifier of claim 3, wherein the temperature compensation module is implemented by at least one of a digital circuit and an analog circuit.
9. The radio frequency power amplifier of claim 1, wherein the signal type of the first radio frequency signal comprises at least one of a digital signal and an analog signal.
10. A method of radio frequency power amplification, comprising:
detecting the current temperature of the impedance isolation optimizing unit;
acquiring a first radio frequency signal to be amplified, and acquiring a second radio frequency signal subjected to temperature compensation according to the first radio frequency signal and the current temperature;
amplifying the second radio frequency signal to obtain an amplified third radio frequency signal;
and performing signal processing on the third radio frequency signal to obtain a fourth radio frequency signal, wherein the fourth radio frequency signal is a radio frequency signal output to a load.
11. A magnetic resonance imaging system, characterized in that the magnetic resonance imaging system comprises a radio frequency power amplifier according to any one of claims 1-9.
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