CN110306105A - A kind of precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron hello silk spheronization process - Google Patents
A kind of precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron hello silk spheronization process Download PDFInfo
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- CN110306105A CN110306105A CN201910720152.1A CN201910720152A CN110306105A CN 110306105 A CN110306105 A CN 110306105A CN 201910720152 A CN201910720152 A CN 201910720152A CN 110306105 A CN110306105 A CN 110306105A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
- C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
- C22C33/10—Making cast-iron alloys including procedures for adding magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron to feed silk spheronization process, includes the following steps: investment casting shell shell and roasting；Cast iron melting；Spheroidising；Inoculation；Formwork casting.It is relatively low that method of the invention solves the problems, such as that nodulizing grade when pompon metaplasia produces spheroidal graphite cast-iron is fed in precision-investment casting, spheroidal graphite cast-iron can be produced in batches using method of the invention, compared with pouring method nodularization, the residual Mg content of its molten iron is more stable, residual Mg content is increased to 0.04-0.06%, the nodulizing grade of nodular iron casting is increased to 1-3 grades, and graphite size stably reaches 6-7 grades, and carbides-free.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to casting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron hello silk spheronization process.
Background technique
For shell temperature at 700 DEG C or more, this setting time that will lead to molten iron is longer than sand when precision-investment casting is poured
Mold casting, that is to say, that when precision-investment casting produces spheroidal graphite cast-iron, the eutectic time is longer than sand casting, and too long is total to
The brilliant time will lead to graphite morphology tendency and increase, and the increase of quasiflake graphite probability occurs, and nodulizing grade reduces, most of to reach
To 2-4 grades of nodularization.Therefore, when precision-investment casting production spheroidal graphite cast-iron, 1-3 grades of nodularization are stably reached, the residual Mg amount of molten iron
Sand casting necessarily is greater than with the control requirement bred, that is to say, that pomponization is fed in precision-investment casting cannot be according to general
Sand casting.
For these reasons, the present invention is specifically proposed.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problem above of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron to feed
Silk spheronization process, the residual Mg content of molten iron is more stable in method of the invention, and the nodulizing grade of nodular iron casting is increased to 1-3
Grade, graphite size stably reach 6-7 grades, and carbides-free.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron hello silk spheronization process, includes the following steps:
(1) investment casting shell shell and roasting: being used as investment precoat using silica solution and silica flour, using silica solution and
Mullite powder roasts shell as backing layer coating, using through natural gas roaster；
(2) cast iron melting: furnace charge selects the Q10 pig iron, foundry returns and steel scrap, molten iron carbon equivalent 4.15- before spheroidising
4.25%, S≤0.02%；
(3) spheroidising: silk spheronization process is fed using spheroidized core wire and carries out spheroidising；
(4) it inoculation: is handled using the ladle-to-ladle method that breeds, is put into FeSi75 inovulant, iron in advance in casting ladle bottom
Temperature is 1390-1430 DEG C before water is subcontracted；
(5) formwork is poured: being taken out shell from roaster before being bred, is poured.
Further, the mass ratio of silica solution and silica flour is 1:1.5-2.5 in step (1).
Further, the mass ratio of silica solution and silica flour is 1:2.
Further, silica solution and the mass ratio of mullite powder are 1:1.5-2.5.
Further, silica solution and the mass ratio of mullite powder are 1:2.
Further, maturing temperature is 900-950 DEG C in step (1), calcining time 2.5-3.5h.
Further, according to mass percent, pig iron 10-30%, foundry returns 20-40% and steel scrap 40-60%.
Further, the containing weight of ladle is 500kg in step (3), and packet shape ratio of height to diameter 2.0 wraps interior molten iron Gao Jing
Than 1.5, interior molten iron 600 ± 20mm of depth is wrapped, is wrapped along 300 ± 10mm is retained, molten iron splashes when preventing violent spheroidizing reacion.
Further, the diameter of step (3) core-spun yarn is 13 ± 0.5mm, 300 ± 10g/m of inner core powder substance, every rice noodles weight
470 ± 10g/m, thickness of scale 0.3-0.4mm, drum outer diameter are less than 1230m.
Further, inner core powder is made of the raw material of following mass fraction, Mg:9-12%, Si:52-60%, RE:2-
3%, Ba:9-11%, Ca:2-3%, MgO :≤1.5%, Al: the mass ratio of La and Ce in≤1.5%, surplus Fe, rare earth RE
For 65:35.
Using spheroidized core wire material of the invention, it can not only ensure the spheroidization of graphite function of cast iron, also have part pregnant
Educate function.
Wherein, Mg is main nodularization element, has the function of promoting graphite balling-up.In precision-investment casting production spheroidal graphite casting
When iron, the residual Mg mass percent after liquid iron balling must reach 0.040-0.060%, can be only achieved 1-3 grades of nodulizing grade.And
Since the eutectic time is short, graphite is not easy to distort for sand casting, when residual Mg mass percent 0.030-0.060% after liquid iron balling,
1-3 grades of nodulizing grade can be reached.The spheroidized core wire that sand casts common Mg30% is grafted directly to precision-investment casting, then it is residual
Remaining Mg content exceeds the range of 0.040-0.060%.And reduce Mg content, extend the spheroidizing reacion time, it is residual to be conducive to molten iron
The control of Mg.Rare earth plays anti-nodularization interference (tension-active elements such as S, Ti, Pb, As), the rare earth RE matter after liquid iron balling
Percentage control is measured in 0.015-0.030%, is then to reduce the contraction of casting and be inclined to (the ball containing Ce high using high La rare earth
It is big that ironware shrinks tendency).Si, Ba and Ca element then play inoculation(effect), and wherein Ba is main inoculant elements, when can be by inoculation fade
Between extended to 8-12 minutes by 5-8 minutes.
Further, step (3) is 1470-1500 DEG C, 500 ± 10kg of iron water amount in the tapping temperature of spheroidising, is fed
Silk speed 29-31m/min, feeding filament length degree is 14-16m/ packet, and feeding the silk time is 27-33s/ packet.
Feeding wire speed of the invention is selected, can ensure that spheroidized core wire is just inserted into packet bottom, because speed is too low to drop
Low molten iron wraps that molten iron Mg content in bottom is relatively low, and speed is excessively high to make core-spun yarn in packet bottom warp, same meeting to the absorptivity of Mg
Molten iron is reduced to the absorptivity of Mg.
The too short silk time of feeding can make liquid iron balling reaction excessively violent, and the absorption of Mg is unstable, and too long feeds the silk time
Production efficiency is then influenced, hello silk time Mg Vapor recovery unit of the invention, high production efficiency are selected.
Selecting ladle ratio of height to diameter of the invention is because too small ratio of height to diameter can reduce molten iron depth, and then reduce Mg's
The stability of absorptivity and residual Mg, excessive ratio of height to diameter then the build of nodularization packet, topple over molten iron change difficulty.
Further, in step (4) FeSi75 quality be molten steel quality 0.4-0.6%.
Further, the quality of FeSi75 is the 0.5% of molten steel quality.
Further, the partial size of FeSi75 is 1-4mm.
Further, in step (5) investment shell temperature at 750-850 DEG C, molten steel pouring temperature at 1360-1390 DEG C,
Terminate from spheroidising to being poured, the time is within 6min.
Further, 0.04-0.06% is accounted for by the quality for feeding the residual Mg after silk spheronization process is bred in molten iron,
Casting nodularization stably reaches 1-3 grades, and 6-7 grades of graphite size, and carbides-free.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
Nodulizing grade is relatively low when method of the invention solves precision-investment casting hello pompon metaplasia production spheroidal graphite cast-iron asks
Topic, can produce spheroidal graphite cast-iron in batches using method of the invention, compared with pouring method nodularization, the residual Mg content of molten iron is more steady
Fixed, residual Mg content is increased to 0.04-0.06%, and the nodulizing grade of nodular iron casting is increased to 1-3 grades, and graphite size stably reaches
6-7 grades, and carbides-free.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, technical solution of the present invention will be carried out below
Detailed description.Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained all without making creative work
Other embodiment belongs to the range that the present invention is protected.
Embodiment 1
A kind of precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron of the present embodiment feeds silk spheronization process, includes the following steps:
(1) investment casting shell shell and roasting: using silica solution and silica flour as investment precoat, silica solution and quartz
The mass ratio of powder is 1:1.5, is used as backing layer coating using silica solution and mullite powder, the mass ratio of silica solution and mullite powder is 1:
1.5, shell is roasted using through natural gas roaster, maturing temperature is 900-950 DEG C, calcining time 2.5h；
(2) cast iron melting: using medium-frequency induction furnace melt iron, and according to mass percent, furnace charge selects the Q10 pig iron
25%, foundry returns 30% and steel scrap 45%, molten iron carbon equivalent 4.15%, S≤0.02% before spheroidising；
(3) spheroidising: using spheroidization molten iron packet, and the containing weight of ladle is 500kg, packet shape ratio of height to diameter 2.0, in packet
Molten iron ratio of height to diameter 1.5 wraps interior molten iron depth 580mm, wraps along 290mm is retained, and molten iron splashes when preventing violent spheroidizing reacion,
Core-spun yarn feeds silk spheronization process and carries out spheroidising, and the diameter of core-spun yarn is 12.5mm, inner core powder substance 290g/m, every rice noodles weight
460g/m, thickness of scale 0.3mm, drum outer diameter are less than 1230m, and inner core powder is made of the raw material of following mass fraction, Mg:9%,
Si:52%, RE:3%, Ba:11%, Ca:3%, MgO:1.0%, Al:1.1%, the matter of La and Ce in surplus Fe, rare earth RE
For amount than being 65:35, the tapping temperature of spheroidising is 1470 DEG C, iron water amount 490kg, feeding wire speed 29m/min, feeds filament length degree and is
14m/ packet, feeding the silk time is 29s/ packet；
(4) inoculation: being handled using the ladle-to-ladle method that breeds, be put into FeSi75 inovulant in advance in casting ladle bottom,
The partial size that the quality of FeSi75 is 0.5%, FeSi75 of molten steel quality is 1-4mm, and temperature is 1418 DEG C before molten iron is subcontracted；
(5) formwork is poured: being taken out shell from roaster before being bred, investment shell temperature is at 800 DEG C, molten iron
Pouring temperature terminates from spheroidising to being poured, the time is within 6min at 1375 DEG C.After the method for the present embodiment is bred
The mass fraction of Mg is the mass fraction 0.014% of 0.049%, Ce in molten iron, and the mass fraction of S is 0.010%, casting nodularization
2 grades, 6-7 grades of graphite size, carbides-free.
Embodiment 2
A kind of precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron of the present embodiment feeds silk spheronization process, includes the following steps:
(1) investment casting shell shell and roasting: using silica solution and silica flour as investment precoat, silica solution and quartz
The mass ratio of powder is 1:2, is used as backing layer coating using silica solution and mullite powder, the mass ratio of silica solution and mullite powder is 1:2, sharp
Shell is roasted with through natural gas roaster, maturing temperature is 900-950 DEG C, calcining time 3h；
(2) cast iron melting: using medium-frequency induction furnace melt iron, and according to mass percent, furnace charge selects the Q10 pig iron
30%, foundry returns 20% and steel scrap 50%, molten iron carbon equivalent 4.2%, S≤0.02% before spheroidising；
(3) spheroidising: using spheroidization molten iron packet, and the containing weight of ladle is 500kg, packet shape ratio of height to diameter 2.0, in packet
Molten iron ratio of height to diameter 1.5 wraps interior molten iron depth 600mm, wraps along 300mm is retained, and molten iron splashes when preventing violent spheroidizing reacion,
Core-spun yarn feeds silk spheronization process and carries out spheroidising, and the diameter of core-spun yarn is 13mm, inner core powder substance 300g/m, every rice noodles weight
470g/m, thickness of scale 0.35mm, drum outer diameter are less than 1230m, and inner core powder is made of the raw material of following mass fraction, Mg:
10.5%, Si:56%, RE:2.5%, Ba:10.5%, Ca:2.5%, MgO:1.0%, Al:1.0%, surplus Fe, rare earth RE
The mass ratio of middle La and Ce is 65:35, and the tapping temperature of spheroidising is 1485 DEG C, iron water amount 490kg, feeding wire speed 30m/
Min, feeding filament length degree is 15m/ packet, and feeding the silk time is 30s/ packet；
(4) inoculation: being handled using the ladle-to-ladle method that breeds, be put into FeSi75 inovulant in advance in casting ladle bottom,
The partial size that the quality of FeSi75 is 0.5%, FeSi75 of molten steel quality is 1-4mm, and temperature is 1410 DEG C before molten iron is subcontracted；
(5) formwork is poured: being taken out shell from roaster before being bred, investment shell temperature is at 750 DEG C, molten iron
Pouring temperature terminates from spheroidising to being poured, the time is within 6min at 1360 DEG C.After the method for the present embodiment is bred
The mass fraction that the mass fraction that the mass fraction of Mg is 0.05%, Ce in molten iron is 0.011%, S is 0.011%, casting ball
1 grade of change, 6-7 grades of graphite size, carbides-free.
Embodiment 3
A kind of precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron of the present embodiment feeds silk spheronization process, includes the following steps:
(1) investment casting shell shell and roasting: using silica solution and silica flour as investment precoat, silica solution and quartz
The mass ratio of powder is 1:2.5, is used as backing layer coating using silica solution and mullite powder, the mass ratio of silica solution and mullite powder is 1:
2.5, shell is roasted using through natural gas roaster, maturing temperature is 900-950 DEG C, calcining time 3.5h；
(2) cast iron melting: using medium-frequency induction furnace melt iron, and according to mass percent, furnace charge selects the Q10 pig iron
10%, foundry returns 30% and steel scrap 60%, molten iron carbon equivalent 4.25%, S≤0.02% before spheroidising；
(3) spheroidising: using spheroidization molten iron packet, and the containing weight of ladle is 500kg, packet shape ratio of height to diameter 2.0, in packet
Molten iron ratio of height to diameter 1.5 wraps interior molten iron depth 620mm, wraps along 310mm is retained, and molten iron splashes when preventing violent spheroidizing reacion,
Core-spun yarn feeds silk spheronization process and carries out spheroidising, and the diameter of core-spun yarn is 13.5mm, inner core powder substance 310g/m, every rice noodles weight
480g/m, thickness of scale 0.4mm, drum outer diameter are less than 1230m, and inner core powder is made of the raw material of following mass fraction, Mg:
12%, Si:60%, RE:3%, Ba:11%, Ca:3%, MgO:0.8%, Al:0.8%, La and Ce in surplus Fe, rare earth RE
Mass ratio be 65:35, the tapping temperature of spheroidising is 1500 DEG C, iron water amount 510kg, feeding wire speed 31m/min, feeds filament length
Degree is 16m/ packet, and feeding the silk time is 31s/ packet；
(4) inoculation: being handled using the ladle-to-ladle method that breeds, be put into FeSi75 inovulant in advance in casting ladle bottom,
The partial size that the quality of FeSi75 is 0.55%, FeSi75 of molten steel quality is 1-4mm, and temperature is 1430 DEG C before molten iron is subcontracted；
(5) formwork is poured: being taken out shell from roaster before being bred, investment shell temperature is at 850 DEG C, molten iron
Pouring temperature terminates from spheroidising to being poured, the time is within 6min at 1390 DEG C.After the method for the present embodiment is bred
The mass fraction that the mass fraction that the mass fraction of Mg is 0.06%, Ce in molten iron is 0.013%, S is 0.012%, casting ball
1 grade of change, 6-7 grades of graphite size, carbides-free.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron feeds silk spheronization process, which comprises the steps of:
(1) investment casting shell shell and roasting: being used as investment precoat using silica solution and silica flour, using silica solution and not come
Powder roasts shell as backing layer coating, using through natural gas roaster；
(2) cast iron melting: the furnace charge selection Q10 pig iron, foundry returns and steel scrap, molten iron carbon equivalent 4.15-4.25% before spheroidising,
S≤0.02%；
(3) spheroidising: silk spheronization process is fed using spheroidized core wire and carries out spheroidising；
(4) inoculation: being handled using the ladle-to-ladle method that breeds, and is put into FeSi75 inovulant in advance in casting ladle bottom, molten iron turns
Temperature is 1390-1430 DEG C before wrapping；
(5) formwork is poured: being taken out shell from roaster before being bred, is poured.
2. precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1 feeds silk spheronization process, which is characterized in that step (1)
The mass ratio of middle silica solution and silica flour is 1:1.5-2.5, it is preferred that the mass ratio of mass ratio 1:2, silica solution and mullite powder
For 1:1.5-2.5, it is preferred that mass ratio 1:2.
3. precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1 or 2 feeds silk spheronization process, which is characterized in that step
(1) maturing temperature is 900-950 DEG C in, calcining time 2.5-3.5h.
4. precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1 feeds silk spheronization process, which is characterized in that step (2)
According to mass percent, pig iron 10-30%, foundry returns 20-40% and steel scrap 40-60%.
5. precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1 feeds silk spheronization process, which is characterized in that step (3)
The containing weight of middle ladle is 500kg, packet shape ratio of height to diameter 2.0, wrap in molten iron ratio of height to diameter 1.5, wrap in molten iron depth 600 ±
20mm is wrapped along 300 ± 10mm of reservation.
6. precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron feeds silk spheronization process according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that step
(3) diameter of core-spun yarn is 13 ± 0.5mm, inner core 300 ± 10g/m of powder substance, and every rice noodles weigh 470 ± 10g/m, thickness of scale
0.3-0.4mm, drum outer diameter are less than 1230m.
7. according to right want 6 described in precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron feed silk spheronization process, which is characterized in that inner core powder by with
The raw material of lower mass fraction is made, Mg:9-12%, Si:52-60%, RE:2-3%, Ba:9-11%, Ca:2-3%, MgO :≤
1.5%, Al: the mass ratio of La and Ce is 65:35 in≤1.5%, surplus Fe, rare earth RE.
8. precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 6 feeds silk spheronization process, which is characterized in that step (3)
It is 1470-1500 DEG C, 500 ± 10kg of iron water amount, feeding wire speed 29-31m/min in the tapping temperature of spheroidising, feeds filament length degree
For 14-16m/ packet, feeding the silk time is 27-33s/ packet.
9. precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1 feeds silk spheronization process, which is characterized in that step (4)
The quality of middle FeSi75 is the 0.4-0.6% of molten steel quality, it is preferred that the quality of FeSi75 is the 0.5% of molten steel quality,
The partial size of FeSi75 is 1-4mm.
10. precision-investment casting spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1 feeds silk spheronization process, which is characterized in that pass through institute
The quality that hello the silk spheronization process stated breeds the residual Mg in rear molten iron accounts for 0.04-0.06%, and casting nodularization stably reaches 1-3 grades,
6-7 grades of graphite size, and carbides-free.
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| CN110814288A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-21 | 东风精密铸造有限公司 | Preparation method of investment precision casting nodular cast iron QT450-10L |
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| 刘强等: "控制球化的球铁消失模铸造变质处理技术", 《中国机械工程学会铸造分会第十一届消失模与V 法铸造学术年会论文集》 * |
| 杨青林等: "熔模精铸球铁技术的研究与应用", 《精密铸造》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110814288A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-21 | 东风精密铸造有限公司 | Preparation method of investment precision casting nodular cast iron QT450-10L |
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