CN110303946B - Control method and device for fuel cell vehicle - Google Patents
Control method and device for fuel cell vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN110303946B CN110303946B CN201810202181.4A CN201810202181A CN110303946B CN 110303946 B CN110303946 B CN 110303946B CN 201810202181 A CN201810202181 A CN 201810202181A CN 110303946 B CN110303946 B CN 110303946B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention relates to a control method and a device of a fuel cell automobile, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: calculating the average required power of the current time period; and outputting the fuel cell according to the calculated average required power in the current time period after starting the fuel cell. In the invention, under the working condition of normal operation of the vehicle, the calculated average demand information of the current time period is output, and the power demand of the whole vehicle is matched with the output power of the fuel cell, so that the charging and discharging processes of an energy storage component are reduced to the maximum extent, the efficiency of a fuel cell vehicle power system is improved, the working condition adaptability of the fuel cell system is improved, and the frequent load change and starting and stopping of the fuel cell are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control method and a control device of a fuel cell automobile, and belongs to the technical field of fuel cell automobiles.
Background
With the continuous consumption of energy, new energy automobiles gradually become a development trend. Among them, the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is one of new energy vehicles, and has high importance to governments, large corporations and research departments of various countries and countries due to its characteristics of high efficiency, low pollution, energy safety and the like, and has a wide application scene.
However, in view of the current development situation of the current hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, the hydrogen fuel cell system also faces various problems of short service life, high cost, poor environmental applicability, high failure rate, complex system structure and the like, so that a plurality of protection mechanisms need to be made on the whole vehicle part, which restricts the popularization and application of the fuel cell technology. At present, various enterprises are actively developing fuel cell systems with long service life, low cost and low failure rate to promote the commercial operation of fuel cell vehicles.
At present, domestic hydrogen fuel cell manufacturers are in a starting stage, the service life of a fuel cell system is short, and the service life of the fuel cell is an important influence factor for restricting large-scale commercialization of fuel cell passenger cars. There are mainly four following degradation modes of key materials and components of the fuel cell for vehicles:
(1) the high potential caused by frequent start-up stops causes corrosion of the catalyst carbon support; (2) potential circulation caused by repeated acceleration and deceleration causes the platinum particles of the catalyst to be coarsened; (3) low load operation results in proton exchange membrane decomposition; (4) the swelling and shrinking accompanying the low temperature cycle causes mechanical damage to the membrane electrode.
The existing technical scheme is that an energy storage device such as a battery, a super capacitor and the like and a fuel cell construct an electric-electric hybrid power, so that the change rate of the output power of the fuel cell can be reduced, and the large-amplitude fluctuation of the load of the fuel cell can be avoided. Currently, in the existing control strategy of the fuel cell vehicle, the fuel cell has two working power points, namely rated power output and minimum power output, and the working state is judged according to the vehicle SOC, and the corresponding control process is shown in fig. 1. The fuel cell can not identify the vehicle operation state, so that the fuel cell often has the conditions of high load output, frequent start and stop, low power system efficiency and the like; because the running state of the vehicle cannot be intelligently identified, the power generation power of the fuel cell cannot be matched with the power required by the whole vehicle, the difference power of the power generation power and the power required by the whole vehicle is provided by the energy storage component, and the charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage component is only about 92%, so that the platform efficiency of the power system is further reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method and a control device of a fuel cell automobile, which are used for solving the problems of low efficiency of a power system of the fuel cell automobile and short service life of the fuel cell caused by frequent load change and startup and shutdown of the fuel cell.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a control method of a fuel cell automobile, which comprises the following steps:
calculating the average required power of the current time period;
and outputting the fuel cell after starting according to the calculated average required power in the current time period so as to avoid repeated charging and discharging of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
acquiring the SOC of an energy storage component of the whole vehicle in real time, and if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not greater than a first set threshold, outputting the SOC of the fuel cell according to rated power; otherwise, the fuel cell outputs according to the calculated average required power in the current time period.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
acquiring the SOC of an energy storage component of the whole vehicle in real time, and if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not greater than a first set threshold, outputting the SOC of the fuel cell according to rated power; if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is greater than a first set threshold and less than a second set threshold, the fuel cell outputs the calculated average required power in the current time period; if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not less than the second set threshold and less than the third set threshold, the fuel cell outputs power according to the highest efficiency; and if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not less than the third set threshold, stopping the fuel cell.
Further, after the fuel cell is stopped, whether the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is greater than a first set threshold and less than a second set threshold is judged, and if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is greater than the first set threshold and less than the second set threshold, the fuel cell is started.
Further, after the fuel cell is started, whether a stop signal exists is judged in real time, and if the stop signal exists, the fuel cell is stopped.
Further, according to the historical data information of the vehicle, the average required power in the current time period is calculated.
The invention also provides a control device of a fuel cell automobile, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is used for processing the instructions stored in the memory to realize the following method:
calculating the average required power of the current time period;
and outputting the fuel cell after starting according to the calculated average required power in the current time period so as to avoid repeated charging and discharging of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
acquiring the SOC of an energy storage component of the whole vehicle in real time, and if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not greater than a first set threshold, outputting the SOC of the fuel cell according to rated power; otherwise, the fuel cell outputs according to the calculated average required power in the current time period.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
acquiring the SOC of an energy storage component of the whole vehicle in real time, and if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not greater than a first set threshold, outputting the SOC of the fuel cell according to rated power; if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is greater than a first set threshold and less than a second set threshold, the fuel cell outputs the calculated average required power in the current time period; if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not less than the second set threshold and less than the third set threshold, the fuel cell outputs power according to the highest efficiency; and if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not less than the third set threshold, stopping the fuel cell.
Further, after the fuel cell is stopped, whether the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is greater than a first set threshold and less than a second set threshold is judged, and if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is greater than the first set threshold and less than the second set threshold, the fuel cell is started.
Further, after the fuel cell is started, whether a stop signal exists is judged in real time, and if the stop signal exists, the fuel cell is stopped.
Further, according to the historical data information of the vehicle, the average required power in the current time period is calculated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
under the working condition that the vehicle normally runs, the fuel cell outputs the average demand information of the current time period calculated according to the historical data information, and when the average demand information is output, the power demand of the whole vehicle is matched with the output power of the fuel cell, so that the repeated charging and discharging processes of an energy storage component are reduced to the maximum extent, and the efficiency of a fuel cell vehicle power system is effectively improved; meanwhile, the working condition adaptability of the fuel cell system is improved, the frequent load change and starting and stopping of the fuel cell are avoided, the performance attenuation of the fuel cell is reduced, the service life of the fuel cell system is prolonged, and the cost of the fuel cell is further reduced.
Furthermore, when the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not greater than the first set threshold, the fuel cell outputs according to the rated power, otherwise, the fuel cell outputs according to the calculated average required power in the current time period, so that the charging requirement of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle can be met, the charging and discharging processes of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle are reduced, and the driving range of the vehicle is increased.
Furthermore, when the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is greater than a first set threshold and less than a second set threshold, the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is in a better running state at the moment, and the fuel cell outputs the calculated average required power in the current time period, so that the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is in the better running state for a long time, and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell system is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control process of a conventional fuel cell vehicle;
FIG. 2 is a logic diagram of a control method of a fuel cell vehicle according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a fuel cell voltage current characteristic curve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a control device of a fuel cell automobile, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is used for processing instructions stored in the memory to realize a control method of the fuel cell automobile, the logic schematic diagram of the control method is shown in figure 2, and the control method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) and calculating the average required power of the current time period.
In the embodiment, according to the vehicle historical data information, a big data processing method is adopted to perform self-learning analysis on the vehicle historical data information to obtain the average required power W of the vehicle in the current time period. In addition, the initial default average power W can be calibrated according to vehicle operation data on the existing route before the vehicle leaves the factory.
(2) And after the fuel cell starts, in the normal running process of the vehicle, the fuel cell outputs the calculated average required power W in the current time period.
The output power of the fuel cell is adjusted through self-learning of the fuel cell, so that the power requirement of the whole vehicle is matched with the output power of the fuel cell, the repeated charge and discharge process of an energy storage component is reduced to the maximum extent, the influence of the charge and discharge efficiency (92%) is reduced, the phenomena of frequent load change and starting and stopping of the fuel cell are avoided, the service life of a fuel cell system is prolonged, the platform efficiency of a power system is improved, and the driving range of the whole vehicle is increased.
(3) And acquiring the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle in real time, re-determining the working mode of the fuel cell according to the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle, and determining the output power of the fuel cell.
During the normal driving process of the fuel cell automobile, the fuel cell outputs the average required power W in the current time period calculated according to the historical data. When other special conditions are met, for example, traffic jam or bad road conditions are met, the vehicle is required to run slowly, or the vehicle is required to run quickly when the road conditions are good and the road vehicles are few, the judgment is made according to the energy storage component SOC, namely the output power of the fuel cell is required to be determined again according to the whole vehicle energy storage component SOC. The energy storage component refers to a vehicle energy storage device such as a power battery and a super capacitor.
Specifically, if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not greater than a first set threshold value M, namely the SOC is not greater than M, the fuel cell outputs according to the rated power. The stage that the SOC of the existing energy storage component of the whole vehicle is larger than a set threshold value M is divided into three power sections, namely SOC which is more than M and less than Q, Q and is more than R and SOC which is less than R. If the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is greater than a first set threshold value M and less than a second set threshold value Q, namely M is greater than SOC and less than Q, the fuel cell outputs the calculated average required power W in the current time period. If the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not less than the second set threshold Q and less than the third set threshold R, namely the SOC is more than or equal to Q and less than R, the fuel cell outputs according to the highest efficiency point. And if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not less than the third set threshold value R, namely R is less than or equal to SOC, stopping the fuel cell. Of course, when SOC > M, the output may be directly performed in accordance with the calculated average required power W.
Wherein fig. 3 shows a current-voltage characteristic curve of the fuel cell, wherein curve 1 represents a current change of the fuel cell, curve 2 represents a voltage change of the fuel cell, and curve 3 represents an efficiency change of the fuel cell. According to the efficiency variation curve 3 of the fuel cell, the highest efficiency point 4 of the fuel cell system and the optimal operation area of the system efficiency can be determined. When the SOC is more than M and less than Q, the whole vehicle energy storage component is in an optimal charging and discharging interval, and the fuel cell is enabled to output the average required power W in the current time period according to the calculated average required power W, so that the whole vehicle energy storage component can be enabled to work in the interval all the time, the service life of the whole vehicle energy storage component is long, and the charging and discharging efficiency is high. And when Q is less than or equal to SOC and less than R, the storage electric quantity of the energy storage part of the whole vehicle is higher, and at the moment, the fuel cell outputs power according to the highest efficiency, so that the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell system is improved, and the service life of the fuel cell system is prolonged.
And when the R is less than or equal to the SOC, the fuel cell is stopped, after the fuel cell is stopped, whether the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is greater than a first set threshold and less than a second set threshold is judged, if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is greater than the first set threshold and less than the second set threshold, the fuel cell is started, and the output power of the fuel cell is calibrated again. Because the fuel cell calibrates the optimal output power after starting up each time, the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell system is improved, the charging and discharging processes of the energy storage component are reduced, and the driving range of the vehicle is increased.
In addition, in the whole working process of the fuel cell starting output, whether a parking signal exists or not needs to be judged in real time, if the parking signal exists, the fuel cell stops, and the whole vehicle stops when power is off.
The method comprises the steps of calculating the average required power of the whole vehicle through self-learning analysis under the normal working condition of the vehicle, and matching the power generation power of the fuel cell according to the power requirements of the whole vehicle in different time periods, so that the fuel cell outputs according to the average required power of the whole vehicle; and under special working conditions, by increasing the optimal operation area and the maximum efficiency point output of the fuel cell, the working condition applicability of the fuel cell system is improved due to the matching of the power requirement of the whole vehicle and the output power of the fuel cell, the frequent load change and starting and stopping of the fuel cell are avoided, the charging and discharging processes of an energy storage component are reduced to the maximum extent, the power generation efficiency of a vehicle power system is improved, and the service life of the whole vehicle power system is prolonged.
Claims (8)
1. A control method of a fuel cell vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
calculating the average required power of the current time period;
outputting the fuel cell according to the calculated average required power in the current time period after starting the fuel cell so as to avoid repeated charge and discharge of an energy storage component of the whole vehicle;
acquiring the SOC of an energy storage component of the whole vehicle in real time, and if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not greater than a first set threshold, outputting the SOC of the fuel cell according to rated power; if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is greater than a first set threshold and less than a second set threshold, the fuel cell outputs the calculated average required power in the current time period; when the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is greater than a first set threshold and less than a second set threshold, the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is in an optimal charging and discharging interval, and the energy storage component of the whole vehicle works in the optimal charging and discharging interval, so that the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is long in service life and high in charging and discharging efficiency; if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not less than the second set threshold and less than the third set threshold, the fuel cell outputs power according to the highest efficiency; and if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not less than the third set threshold, stopping the fuel cell.
2. The method for controlling the fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, wherein after the fuel cell is stopped, whether the SOC of the energy storage component of the entire vehicle is greater than a first set threshold and less than a second set threshold is determined, and if the SOC of the energy storage component of the entire vehicle is greater than the first set threshold and less than the second set threshold, the fuel cell is started.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the fuel cell is started and then a real-time determination is made as to whether or not there is a stop signal, and if there is a stop signal, the fuel cell is stopped.
4. The control method of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the average required power for the current period is calculated based on vehicle history data information.
5. A control apparatus for a fuel cell vehicle, comprising a processor and a memory, the processor being configured to process instructions stored in the memory to implement a method comprising:
calculating the average required power of the current time period;
outputting the fuel cell according to the calculated average required power in the current time period after starting the fuel cell so as to avoid repeated charge and discharge of an energy storage component of the whole vehicle;
acquiring the SOC of an energy storage component of the whole vehicle in real time, and if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not greater than a first set threshold, outputting the SOC of the fuel cell according to rated power; if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is greater than a first set threshold and less than a second set threshold, the fuel cell outputs the calculated average required power in the current time period; when the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is greater than a first set threshold and less than a second set threshold, the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is in an optimal charging and discharging interval, and the energy storage component of the whole vehicle works in the optimal charging and discharging interval, so that the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is long in service life and high in charging and discharging efficiency; if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not less than the second set threshold and less than the third set threshold, the fuel cell outputs power according to the highest efficiency; and if the SOC of the energy storage component of the whole vehicle is not less than the third set threshold, stopping the fuel cell.
6. The control device of the fuel cell vehicle as claimed in claim 5, wherein after the fuel cell is stopped, it is determined whether the SOC of the energy storage component of the entire vehicle is greater than a first set threshold and less than a second set threshold, and if the SOC of the energy storage component of the entire vehicle is greater than the first set threshold and less than the second set threshold, the fuel cell is started.
7. The control device for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the fuel cell is started and then a real-time determination is made as to whether or not there is a stop signal, and if there is a stop signal, the fuel cell is stopped.
8. The control device of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the average required power for the current period is calculated based on vehicle history data information.
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111216596A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-06-02 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Fuel cell whole vehicle energy management method and device, vehicle and storage medium |
| CN113306455B (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2022-10-04 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell management method and device and fuel cell automobile |
| CN111731156B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2022-07-05 | 大运汽车股份有限公司 | Energy control method for hydrogen fuel cell automobile |
| CN114312489B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2023-11-17 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell engine power control method |
| CN113022381B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2023-03-21 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Power self-adaptive control method and system for fuel cell power system |
| CN113479188B (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-07-26 | 潍柴(扬州)亚星新能源商用车有限公司 | Fuel cell engine power control method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN114103734A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-03-01 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Control method and device for fuel cell vehicle |
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| WO2002067346A2 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2002-08-29 | Cellex Power Products, Inc. | Hybrid power supply apparatus for battery replacement applications |
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| WO2002067346A2 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2002-08-29 | Cellex Power Products, Inc. | Hybrid power supply apparatus for battery replacement applications |
| CN107020962A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-08-08 | 马格纳斯泰尔汽车技术两合公司 | Fuel cell stroke lengthening unit |
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