CN110302478B - Solid nitrogen and solid oxygen mixed oxygen supply device and method - Google Patents
Solid nitrogen and solid oxygen mixed oxygen supply device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110302478B CN110302478B CN201910590066.3A CN201910590066A CN110302478B CN 110302478 B CN110302478 B CN 110302478B CN 201910590066 A CN201910590066 A CN 201910590066A CN 110302478 B CN110302478 B CN 110302478B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
- A62B7/08—Respiratory apparatus containing chemicals producing oxygen
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
- A62B7/10—Respiratory apparatus with filter elements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B9/00—Component parts for respiratory or breathing apparatus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B9/00—Component parts for respiratory or breathing apparatus
- A62B9/02—Valves
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Abstract
A solid nitrogen and solid oxygen mixed oxygen supply device and method comprise a solid oxygen generator, a solid nitrogen generator and a filtering device; the solid oxygen generator and the solid nitrogen generator can work independently and mutually without influencing, and share one shell, oxygen and nitrogen generated by the solid oxygen generator and the solid nitrogen generator are mixed after being filtered by the filtering device, or generated gas is filtered by the filtering device after being mixed, and the filtered mixed gas is supplied to the outside through the shell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solid nitrogen and solid oxygen mixed oxygen supply device.
Background
The solid oxygen generator is a novel oxygen generating device for releasing oxygen by utilizing oxygen-enriched chlorate solid chemical substances to carry out chemical reaction, and the oxygen is in a solid state before and after releasing, so that the solid oxygen generator is called as 'solid oxygen', and the oxygen generating process is similar to candle burning and is also called as 'oxygen candle'. The oxygen fixation device mainly comprises a shell, a starting mechanism, an oxygen candle, a filtering system, a heat insulation material and the like. The shell is made of stainless steel. Solid oxygen generators have many advantages. However, the solid oxygen generator alone cannot meet the long-time oxygen supply requirement of the human body. Because the concentration of pure oxygen is too high, various tissues of a human body cannot bear excessive oxygen, the body temperature is increased due to the fact that the oxygen with too high concentration is inhaled for a long time, cell membranes are destroyed, and the blood flow is slowed down due to the low concentration of carbon dioxide. Eventually dying from oxygen poisoning. The human body can be fatal after breathing pure oxygen for 6 minutes under the airtight environment. People can suffer from hard qi and brain poisoning, disorder of life rhythm, confusion and memory loss under the high-pressure pure oxygen environment. The human can undergo brain cell degeneration necrosis, convulsion and coma within minutes, resulting in death.
Since the gas supplied by the solid oxygen generator is pure oxygen, semi-closed or open masks are mostly used. Such masks cannot be used in toxic gas environments. Meanwhile, even the semi-closed or open mask has high oxygen concentration, so the oxygen supply time is not too long. The solid oxygen generator for single person is usually supplied with oxygen, and the maximum oxygen supply time is not longer than 30 minutes.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a solid nitrogen and solid oxygen supply device.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a solid nitrogen and solid oxygen mixed oxygen supply device comprises a solid oxygen generator, a solid nitrogen generator and a filtering device; the solid oxygen generator and the solid nitrogen generator can work independently and mutually without influencing, and share one shell, oxygen and nitrogen generated by the solid oxygen generator and the solid nitrogen generator are mixed after being filtered by the filtering device, or generated gas is filtered by the filtering device after being mixed, and the filtered mixed gas is supplied to the outside through the shell.
Preferably, the shell comprises a generator shell body and a generator upper cover; the generator upper cover is fixed on the generator shell, and the inner cavity of the generator shell is used as a combustion chamber; the upper cover of the generator is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the ignition device, the pressure relief valve and the air outlet flow regulating valve.
Preferably, the solid oxygen generator or the solid nitrogen generator comprises a tablet, a connecting grain and a heat insulation material; the plurality of tablets are stacked layer by layer, the intervals between the adjacent nitrogen tablets are the same, all the nitrogen tablets are connected together through connecting the grains, and a heat insulation material is arranged in the interval between the adjacent tablets and is used for preventing the tablets from being burnt in series; the tablet refers to a tablet capable of generating oxygen and nitrogen for the solid oxygen generator and the solid nitrogen generator respectively.
Preferably, the solid oxygen generator or the solid nitrogen generator further comprises a supporting and positioning device for realizing the fixed positioning of the tablets and the connecting explosive column, wherein the supporting and positioning device comprises a bottom plate, a supporting frame, a guiding side plate and a positioning bracket;
the positioning bracket and the guiding side plate are fixed on the bottom plate according to the distribution of the tablets or are inserted on the bottom plate provided with the slots, the positioning bracket and the guiding side plate position the tablets and the connecting explosive column, and meanwhile the guiding side plate plays a guiding role on the supporting frame; a cradling is provided between each layer of tablets for supporting each layer of tablets.
Preferably, the connecting explosive columns are used for connecting two adjacent layers of tablets in a head-to-head or tail-to-tail mode, all the tablets are connected in series by stacking one layer by one layer, and the tablets are connected with the connecting explosive columns in a close contact mode.
Preferably, the side wall of the tablet close to the end face is provided with a groove, two opposite surfaces of the connecting explosive column are respectively provided with a protrusion, and the connecting explosive column and the tablet are connected in a matched manner through the groove and the protrusions.
Preferably, the shape of the individual tablets is a spiral flat layer structure which diverges from the center to the outside or an M-shaped flat layer structure which is folded and bent from one end to the other end.
Preferably, the solid oxygen generator and the solid nitrogen generator can be independently and independently operated, and are isolated by arranging a baffle plate in the shell.
Preferably, the cross section of the tablet is round, rectangular, square, triangular, trapezoidal or other irregular shapes; the cross section of the connecting explosive column is cylindrical, rectangular, square, triangular, trapezoidal or other irregular shapes; the connecting explosive column is provided with holes or not.
Preferably, the filtering device comprises a filtering layer, a lower gasket and an upper gasket;
the lower gasket and the upper gasket are both of structures with main body shapes and shape conforming to the shape of the inner cavity of the shell, the lower gasket and the upper gasket are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell, and air outlet holes are formed in the upper gasket and the lower gasket; the filter layer is arranged between the upper gasket and the lower gasket and used for purifying and cooling gas generated by the combustion of the nitrogen gas generating agent, and ceramic fiber cotton is arranged between the lower gasket and the filter layer to prevent the filter layer from falling into the inner cavity of the shell; the lower gasket is also used for fixing the tablets and limiting the tablets from moving up and down.
Preferably, the generator shell is in a round rectangular cylinder shape, a cuboid or a cube, the bottom is closed, and the upper opening is opened.
Preferably, the heat insulation material is in a loose porous structure, is used for keeping internal heat from being dissipated and reducing the temperature of the shell, and adopts vermiculite, ceramic aluminum fiber cotton or silicon nitride aerogel.
Preferably, the ignition device comprises an ignition tool fixing piece and an ignition tool;
the igniter and the igniter fixing piece penetrate through the mounting hole reserved on the upper cover of the generator and are fixed, and the igniter fixing piece is cylindrical and is made into a stepped hole form; the igniter fixing piece is used for fixing the uppermost connecting explosive column and limiting the uppermost explosive column from moving up and down; meanwhile, the igniter fixing piece is also used for installing an igniter, and a space is provided for the igniter to ignite and connect with the explosive column.
Preferably, the ignition device is one or more, and a mechanical impact ignition device or an electronic ignition device is adopted.
Preferably, the pressure relief valve is a spring pressure relief valve for pressure relief and unidirectional gas circulation, so as to prevent the excessive pressure in the generator shell caused by the burning of tablets under abnormal conditions or other unexpected conditions.
A method for providing a person with direct use of a gas by means of said device, by:
the solid oxygen generator and the solid nitrogen generator start to work through the ignition device, the rate of generating oxygen by the solid oxygen generator is controlled to be not less than 1.5L/min, the rate of generating nitrogen by the solid nitrogen generator is greater than the rate of generating oxygen, and the filtered and purified nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas is directly used by a human body.
Preferably, the filtered and purified nitrogen and oxygen mixed gas is supplied to the mouth or nose of a human body in an oxygen pipe or mask mode, and the exhaled gas is directly or indirectly discharged to the surrounding environment without any treatment.
Preferably, the maximum length of the cross section of the tablets in the solid oxygen generator and the solid nitrogen generator is preferably more than 5mm and less than 50mm, the length of each tablet is not less than 5cm, and the total length of each tablet is 30 cm-1.5 m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the 90 s of solid nitrogen generator is mainly used for automobile safety air bags and other devices needing to be inflated under specific conditions, and no use cases in the field of human body use are seen. The invention combines the solid oxygen generator technology and the solid nitrogen generator technology, utilizes the nitrogen generated by the combustion of the solid nitrogen generator to dilute pure oxygen, and the oxygen concentration of the obtained mixed gas reaches or approaches to the oxygen concentration required by normal breathing of human body as much as possible. The human body can breathe for a relatively long time without being influenced or can be ignored. The single oxygen supply time of the final oxygen supply device can be kept above 45 minutes. The human body can use at least two sets of such devices continuously without or with negligible influence.
The device has the advantages of light weight, small volume, capability of continuously providing gas for a long time, little influence of temperature, long storage time, wide application range, no need of being made into high pressure resistance and the like.
According to the nitrogen tablet-connecting explosive column structure, the tablets are made into the gas-producing explosive layers which are bent in a plane according to a certain rule, multiple gas-producing explosive layers are stacked, the multiple gas-producing explosive layers are connected in series through the connecting explosive columns between the two layers, after the head part of the outer tablet is ignited, the reaction of the first tablet is completed according to the bending rule of the tablet, then the reaction is transferred to the second tablet through the connecting explosive columns, and the like until all the layers complete the reaction.
The tablet, the connecting explosive column, the positioning support and the supporting frame are in the shapes, so that the tablet, the connecting explosive column, the positioning support and the supporting frame are easy to operate during assembly, and mass automatic production can be realized. During assembly, the integral framework can be firstly built, and the heat insulation material is refilled; the tablet may be filled with a heat insulating material.
The tablet-connecting explosive column assembly structure provided by the invention has the advantages of high continuous assembly performance, orderly and continuous low-flow combustion, good combustion continuity and high reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of M-shaped tablets according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A solid nitrogen and solid oxygen mixed oxygen supply device comprises a solid nitrogen generator and a solid oxygen generator. The two generators operate separately, are physically isolated, and the gases they produce are mixed. The gases generated by the nitrogen generator and the oxygen generator need to pass through the filter layers, can respectively pass through the respective filter layers before being mixed, and can also pass through the common filter layer after being mixed. The mixed gas is directly supplied to people, the oxygen concentration in the mixed gas meets the long-time breathing requirement of the people, and the used gas is not treated.
The two generators are operated individually, and physically isolated means that either generator can be operated individually without affecting the other generator. The two generators can be separated and not in direct contact with each other, or can be combined and contacted together to save space. But both are physically isolated and unaffected by each other, whether they are in contact or not.
The filter layer refers to certain reactive or absorptive substances, and generally, nitrogen generated by the nitrogen generator and oxygen generated by the oxygen generator both contain trace amounts of toxic and harmful gases or particulate matters to influence the respiration of a human body, and the gases can remove or reduce the harmful gases or particulate matters through the filter layer to meet the respiration requirement of the human body. The oxygen generator and the nitrogen generator can share a filter layer, and can also respectively pass through various different filter layers according to different requirements for removing toxic and harmful gases and particulate matters. The specific formulation of the filter layer may be any formulation known at present, and will not be described in detail here.
The solid oxygen generator is a generator which is internally provided with an oxygen generating agent and generates oxygen through mechanical ignition or electric ignition combustion. The oxygen generating agent is a nitrogen generating agent which is filled with chlorate or perchlorate as a main substance, for example, sodium chlorate, potassium perchlorate, or the like. Meanwhile, the formula also contains materials such as metal fuel, chlorine scavenger, catalyst and the like. The rate of oxygen generation is not less than 1.5L/min. The working time is not less than 45min.
The solid nitrogen generator is a generator which is internally provided with a nitrogen generating agent and generates nitrogen through mechanical ignition or electric ignition combustion. The nitrogen generating agent is a nitrogen generating agent filled with sodium azide as a main substance. Meanwhile, the formula also contains substances such as an oxidant, a burning rate additive, a shape maintaining agent and the like. The rate of nitrogen generation is greater than the rate of oxygen generation. The working time is not less than 45min.
The control of the gas rate can be controlled by the formula or the oxygen candle sectional area, and the mixed gas which can be directly used by people can be generated only by filtering, purifying and mixing the gas generated according to the rate requirement in the mode. The mixed gas can be directly used by a human body, namely, before or after the mixed gas of oxygen or nitrogen is mixed, the obtained gas can be directly used for breathing the mouth or nose of the human body through an oxygen pipe, and the exhaled gas is directly discharged to the surrounding environment without being repeatedly used; the obtained gas can also be directly supplied to the breathing mask for breathing by a human body, the gas exhaled by the human body is directly discharged to the breathing mask, and the mixed gas containing oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas generated by the breathing of the human body in the mask is continuously discharged to the surrounding environment. The breathing device adopts an oxygen pipe or a mask to breathe the mouth or the nose of a human body, and the exhaled gas is directly or indirectly discharged into the surrounding environment without any treatment.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a generator in two different directions, showing a solid nitrogen solid oxygen hybrid oxygen supply device according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the generator is a single generator, but is a single unit composed of two different gas generators, namely, a solid oxygen generator and a solid nitrogen generator. The two generators share a shell, and the middle of the two generators are separated by a partition plate 2 to form two independent and mutually non-influencing oxygen-fixing combustion chambers 1 and nitrogen-fixing combustion chambers 10.
The shell comprises a generator shell 12 and a generator upper cover 13, wherein the generator shell 12 is in a round rectangular cylinder shape, the bottom is closed, the upper opening is open, and the inner part of the cavity is used as a combustion chamber (an oxygen-fixing combustion chamber 1 and a nitrogen-fixing combustion chamber 10) and is filled with tablets 14, a connecting explosive column 25 and a heat insulation material 15; four round holes are formed in the generator upper cover 13 and are respectively used for installing the ignition device, the pressure relief valve 7 and the flow regulating valve of the air outlet 6, and the generator upper cover 13 is welded on the generator shell 12. The ignition device is connected in welded form to the generator upper cover 13.
The ignition device comprises an igniter fixture 16 and an igniter 5/9. The nitrogen generator also includes a gas generating agent (i.e., tablet 17 and connecting cartridge 18) which is activated by an ignition device to generate gas, in this embodiment tablet 17 is a spiral flat layer structure diverging from the center.
The oxygen generating agent in the solid oxygen combustion chamber 1 is triggered by the oxygen ignition device to generate gas, and the gas passes through the oxygen filtering and cooling device to be purified to obtain pure oxygen. Similarly, the nitrogen generating agent in the nitrogen-fixing combustion chamber 10 is triggered by the nitrogen ignition device to generate gas, and the gas is purified by the nitrogen filtering and cooling device to obtain pure nitrogen. The oxygen and nitrogen after being purified respectively are mixed in the mixing chamber 4 and discharged from the air outlet 6 for human body to breathe.
The device comprises a filtering and cooling device (namely an oxygen filter layer 3, a nitrogen filter layer 8, a lower gasket 19 and an upper gasket 20) and a supporting and positioning device (comprising a supporting frame 21, a guiding side plate 22 and a positioning bracket 23), wherein the filter layer is arranged between the upper gasket 20 and the lower gasket 19 and is used for purifying and cooling gas generated by the combustion of a gas generating agent so as to discharge pure gas. The supporting and positioning device realizes the fixed positioning of the tablet 17 and the connecting explosive column 18, and reduces the shaking and vibration of the tablet 17 and the connecting explosive column 18.
In this embodiment, the oxygen and nitrogen ignition device adopts a mechanical impact ignition device, which acts on the oxygen-fixing combustion chamber 1 and the nitrogen-fixing combustion chamber 10 respectively. The triggering signal triggers the igniter which ignites the gas generating agents in the oxygen-fixing combustion chamber 1 and the nitrogen-fixing combustion chamber 10 respectively to generate gas. The igniter and igniter fixing member 24 pass through the mounting hole reserved in the upper cover 13 of the generator and are welded and fixed, and meanwhile, the igniter fixing member 24 and the lower gasket 19 are made into a cylindrical shape and into a stepped hole form, which has two functions: the connecting explosive column 18 used for fixing the uppermost end limits the possibility of up-and-down movement of the uppermost explosive column and provides reliability for orderly and continuously burning of the gas generating agent; and secondly, the device is used for installing an igniter, provides space for igniting and connecting the explosive column by the igniter, and provides reliability for triggering the nitrogen gas generating agent. In this embodiment, the oxygen filtering and cooling device is actually an oxygen filtering layer 3, and after the gas generated by the oxygen generating agent passes through the oxygen filtering layer 3, harmful gas and particles generated in the combustion process are removed, and the gas is purified and the temperature is reduced. The nitrogen filtering and cooling device is a nitrogen filtering layer 8, and the gas generated by the nitrogen generating agent passes through the nitrogen filtering layer 8 to remove trace harmful gas and particles generated in the combustion process, purify the gas and cool down.
In this embodiment, since the gas generating agent is packed in an assembled, stacked form within the combustion chamber of the generator, the layers leave sufficient space, which may be sized by the height of the connecting explosive column 18, to ensure that the gas generating agent burns orderly and continuously. Meanwhile, in order to prevent the tablets from being broken or collapsed due to high temperature or dead weight of the tablets in the combustion process, a heat insulation material is needed to support the whole tablets and even the weight of the whole gas generating agent, so that a guarantee is provided for continuous and orderly combustion of the gas generating agent.
Connecting the drug columns 18 to connect the adjacent two layers of the tablets head to head or tail to tail, and stacking one layer by one layer to enable all the tablets to be connected in series; meanwhile, during assembly, the tablets are tightly contacted and connected with the connecting explosive column by compacting the heat insulation material.
Specifically, the connection mode of the tablets and the connecting explosive column is that the first (end) of the first tablet is tightly contacted with the lower end face of the first connecting explosive column, the upper end face of the first connecting explosive column is tightly contacted with the first (end) of the second nitrogen tablet, then the end (end) of the second nitrogen tablet is tightly contacted with the lower end face of the second connecting explosive column, the upper end face of the second connecting explosive column is connected with the end (end) of the third connecting explosive column, and the like, and the two tablets are stacked layer by layer. Meanwhile, during assembly, the tablets are tightly contacted with the connecting explosive column by compacting the heat insulation material.
In the embodiment of the invention, the tablet is preferably a strip-shaped compressed gas-producing tablet with a constant cross section, and the cross section of the tablet can be in a regular shape such as square, round, oval, triangle, trapezoid and the like, or in an irregular shape, and the tablet is not limited by the invention; the connecting explosive column can be square column, elliptic column, triangle column, trapezoid column, etc.; the gas generating agent used for pressing the gas generating medicine strip is solid nitrogen gas generating agent, and the gas generating agent formula takes azide as a main body, such as sodium azide and the like; the gas-producing medicine strip can be pressed by a wet method or a dry method, the dry method pressing forming process refers to a forming process of directly pressing by dry mixing of various raw materials, and generally the subsequent steps of drying and the like are needed, the wet method pressing forming process refers to a forming process of pressing by adding water after dry mixing of various raw materials, and the subsequent steps of drying and the like are needed, and equipment of the pressing forming process refers to an oil press, a rotary tablet press, a single-punch and multi-punch reciprocating tablet press.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, the number of layers of the gas generating medicine layer can be determined according to the actual gas generating requirement, and the invention is not limited; the maximum length of the cross section of the tablet is preferably more than 5mm and less than 50mm so as to ensure that the gas yield can reach the requirement of a single human body; the length of each tablet is not less than 5cm, and the total length of each tablet is 30 cm-1.5 m, so that the use time of the gas generating medicine can reach more than 45min.
In an alternative embodiment, the side wall of the nitrogen gas tablet close to the end face is provided with a first groove, two opposite surfaces of the connecting explosive column 6 are respectively provided with a first protrusion, the connecting explosive column 6 and the nitrogen gas tablet are connected in a matched manner through the first groove and the first protrusions, namely, the first protrusions and the first grooves form a mortise and tenon structure, and the fixed connection of the first protrusions and the second protrusions is achieved. In this embodiment, the first groove may be square, circular, oval, triangular, trapezoid, or irregular. The method can realize effective combination of the two without an external supporting structure, and is favorable for weight reduction and space saving.
The filtering and cooling device in the embodiment consists of a filtering layer, a lower gasket and an upper gasket, wherein the lower gasket is welded on the inner wall of the generator shell, and a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the bottom of the lower gasket and used for discharging gas generated by combustion of a nitrogen gas generating agent; meanwhile, ceramic cellucotton is filled on the lower gasket to prevent the filter layer from falling into the combustion chamber, the lower gasket is also used for fixing the uppermost tablet, the possibility of up-and-down movement of the uppermost tablet is limited, and the reliability is also provided for orderly and continuously burning the nitrogen gas generating agent. The filter layer is arranged between the lower gasket and the upper gasket to remove harmful gases generated by the combustion of the nitrogen-producing tablets, and plays roles of purifying the gases and cooling.
The supporting and positioning device in the embodiment is composed of a bottom plate, a supporting frame, a guiding side plate and a positioning bracket. The locating support and the guide side plate are welded on the bottom plate or inserted on the bottom plate provided with the slot, so that the support frame is made to ensure that the support frame can only move up and down along the guide side plate, and simultaneously, two supporting legs extending out of the support frame are used for supporting and installing tablets, thereby providing convenience for installing the tablets and reducing shaking of the tablets. In addition, the positioning support is made into a necking form, so that the tablet and the connecting explosive column are positioned and fixed, and the guiding function is provided for installing the connecting explosive column and the tablet.
The solid oxygen and solid nitrogen mixed oxygen supply device manufactured in the mode above, the trigger signal firstly triggers the ignition device, the ignition device respectively ignites the gas generating agents in the oxygen-fixing combustion chamber 1 and the nitrogen-fixing combustion chamber 10 to respectively generate oxygen and nitrogen, the generated gases pass through the corresponding filter layers to obtain purified oxygen and nitrogen with lower temperature, the purified oxygen and nitrogen are mixed in the mixing chamber 4, and the purified oxygen and nitrogen are discharged through the gas outlet 6 for human body respiration.
Example 2
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a generator in two different directions, showing a solid nitrogen solid oxygen hybrid oxygen supply device according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the generator is a single generator, but is a single unit composed of two different gas generators, namely, a solid oxygen generator and a solid nitrogen generator. The two generators share a shell, and the middle of the two generators are separated by a partition plate 2 to form two independent and mutually non-influencing oxygen-fixing combustion chambers 1 and nitrogen-fixing combustion chambers 10. The oxygen generating agent in the solid oxygen combustion chamber 1 is triggered by an oxygen ignition device to generate gas. Likewise, the nitrogen generating agent in the nitrogen-fixing combustion chamber 10 is triggered by the nitrogen ignition device to generate gas. The generated oxygen and nitrogen are firstly mixed in the mixing chamber 4, and then purified and cooled by the filtering device to obtain a pure oxygen-nitrogen mixture, which is discharged from the air outlet 6 for human breathing.
In this embodiment, the oxygen and nitrogen ignition device adopts an electronic ignition device, which acts on the oxygen-fixing combustion chamber 1 and the nitrogen-fixing combustion chamber 10 respectively. The triggering signal triggers the igniter which ignites the gas generating agents in the oxygen-fixing combustion chamber 1 and the nitrogen-fixing combustion chamber 10 respectively to generate gas.
In this embodiment, the filtering device is actually a filtering layer 11, which is a mixing filtering layer, and oxygen and nitrogen generated by gas generating agents in the oxygen-fixing combustion chamber 1 and the nitrogen-fixing combustion chamber 10 respectively are mixed in the mixing chamber 4, and then purified by the filtering layer 11 to remove trace harmful gases and particles generated in the combustion process, so as to obtain a pure oxygen-nitrogen mixture.
The remaining unexplained parts in this example are the same as those in example 1.
Example 3
The tablets in the device presented in this example are of an M-shaped flat layer structure folded from one end to the other, as shown in figure 3. When the ignition device works, the ignition device is triggered by the trigger signal firstly, then the ignition device ignites the connecting explosive column, the connecting explosive column can be made into ignition medicine, and then the tablet and the explosive column burn in order and continuously at low flow rate, so that long-time low-flow gas supply is realized. There are two types of gas filtration in this case, one is to mix first and then filter, and one is to filter first and then mix separately, which is not described here too.
The shapes of the tablets in the solid oxygen generator and the solid nitrogen generator can be the same or different, and the shapes of the connecting explosive columns can be the same as or different from those of the tablets; the connecting grain formulation is generally the same as the tablet formulation, but may be different.
The non-detailed description of the invention is within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art.
Claims (12)
1. The utility model provides a solid nitrogen solid oxygen mixes oxygen suppliment device which characterized in that: comprises a solid oxygen generator, a solid nitrogen generator and a filtering device; the solid oxygen generator and the solid nitrogen generator can work independently and mutually without influence, share one shell, and the oxygen and the nitrogen generated by the solid oxygen generator and the solid nitrogen generator are mixed after being filtered by the filtering device, or the generated gas is filtered after being mixed by the filtering device, and the filtered mixed gas is supplied to the outside through the shell;
the shell comprises a generator shell body and a generator upper cover; the generator upper cover is fixed on the generator shell, and the inner cavity of the generator shell is used as a combustion chamber; the upper cover of the generator is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the ignition device, the pressure relief valve and the air outlet flow regulating valve;
the solid oxygen generator or the solid nitrogen generator comprises a tablet, a connecting grain and a heat insulation material; the plurality of tablets are stacked layer by layer, the intervals between the adjacent nitrogen tablets are the same, all the nitrogen tablets are connected together through connecting the grains, and a heat insulation material is arranged in the interval between the adjacent tablets and is used for preventing the tablets from being burnt in series; the tablet refers to a tablet capable of generating oxygen and nitrogen for the solid oxygen generator and the solid nitrogen generator respectively;
the device also comprises a supporting and positioning device for realizing the fixed positioning of the tablets and the connecting explosive column, wherein the supporting and positioning device comprises a bottom plate, a supporting frame, a guiding side plate and a positioning bracket;
the positioning bracket and the guiding side plate are fixed on the bottom plate according to the distribution of the tablets or are inserted on the bottom plate provided with the slots, the positioning bracket and the guiding side plate position the tablets and the connecting explosive column, and meanwhile the guiding side plate plays a guiding role on the supporting frame; the supporting frames are arranged between each layer of tablets and are used for supporting each layer of tablets; the connecting explosive columns are used for connecting two adjacent layers of tablets in a head-to-head or tail-to-tail mode, all the tablets are connected in series by stacking one layer by one layer, and the tablets are in tight contact connection with the connecting explosive columns; the side wall of the tablet close to the end face is provided with a groove, two opposite surfaces of the connecting explosive column are respectively provided with a bulge, and the connecting explosive column and the tablet are connected in a matched manner through the groove and the bulge; the shape of the single tablet is a spiral flat layer structure which diverges outwards from the center or an M-shaped flat layer structure which is folded and bent from one end to the other end.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the solid oxygen generator and the solid nitrogen generator can work independently and independently, and are isolated by arranging a baffle plate in the shell.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the broken cross section of the tablet is round, rectangular, square, triangular, trapezoidal or other irregular shapes; the cross section of the connecting explosive column is cylindrical, rectangular, square, triangular, trapezoidal or other irregular shapes; the connecting explosive column is provided with holes or not.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the filtering device comprises a filtering layer, a lower gasket and an upper gasket;
the lower gasket and the upper gasket are both of structures with main body shapes and shape conforming to the shape of the inner cavity of the shell, the lower gasket and the upper gasket are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell, and air outlet holes are formed in the upper gasket and the lower gasket; the filter layer is arranged between the upper gasket and the lower gasket and used for purifying and cooling gas generated by the combustion of the nitrogen gas generating agent, and ceramic fiber cotton is arranged between the lower gasket and the filter layer to prevent the filter layer from falling into the inner cavity of the shell; the lower gasket is also used for fixing the tablets and limiting the tablets from moving up and down.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the generator shell is round-corner rectangular cylinder, cuboid or cube, the bottom is closed, and the upper opening is open.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the heat insulation material is of a loose porous structure and is used for keeping internal heat from dissipating and reducing the temperature of the shell, and vermiculite, ceramic aluminum fiber cotton or silicon nitride aerogel is adopted as the material.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the ignition device comprises an ignition tool fixing piece and an ignition tool;
the igniter and the igniter fixing piece penetrate through the mounting hole reserved on the upper cover of the generator and are fixed, and the igniter fixing piece is cylindrical and is made into a stepped hole form; the igniter fixing piece is used for fixing the uppermost connecting explosive column and limiting the uppermost explosive column from moving up and down; meanwhile, the igniter fixing piece is also used for installing an igniter, and a space is provided for the igniter to ignite and connect with the explosive column.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the ignition device is one or more than one ignition device, and adopts a mechanical impact ignition device or an electronic ignition device.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure relief valve is a spring pressure relief valve and is used for pressure relief and unidirectional gas circulation, so that the excessive pressure in the generator shell caused by the combustion of tablets under abnormal conditions or other unexpected conditions is prevented.
10. A method of providing direct use of gas by a person with a device according to any of claims 1-9, characterized by the following:
the solid oxygen generator and the solid nitrogen generator start to work through the ignition device, the rate of generating oxygen by the solid oxygen generator is controlled to be not less than 1.5L/min, the rate of generating nitrogen by the solid nitrogen generator is greater than the rate of generating oxygen, and the filtered and purified nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas is directly used by a human body.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein: the filtered and purified nitrogen and oxygen mixed gas is supplied to the mouth or nose of a human body in an oxygen pipe or mask mode, and the exhaled gas is directly or indirectly discharged to the surrounding environment without any treatment.
12. The method according to claim 10, wherein: the maximum length of the cross section of each tablet in the solid oxygen generator and the solid nitrogen generator is more than 5mm and less than 50mm, the length of each tablet is not less than 5cm, and the total length of each tablet is 30 cm-1.5 m.
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