CN110296894B - Tensile testing device of steel wire - Google Patents

Tensile testing device of steel wire Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110296894B
CN110296894B CN201910695984.2A CN201910695984A CN110296894B CN 110296894 B CN110296894 B CN 110296894B CN 201910695984 A CN201910695984 A CN 201910695984A CN 110296894 B CN110296894 B CN 110296894B
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fixed
steel wire
tension
disc
base
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CN110296894A (en
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罗运恒
郑泽
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Universal Wire Rope Co ltd
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Universal Wire Rope Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0017Tensile
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0042Pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G01N2203/0048Hydraulic means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0278Thin specimens
    • G01N2203/028One dimensional, e.g. filaments, wires, ropes or cables

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of tensile testing machines, and particularly discloses a tensile testing device for a steel wire, which comprises a base, a tensile testing component, a hydraulic component and a controller, wherein the tensile testing component comprises a supporting plate fixed at the upper end of the base, and a tensile plate in sliding connection with the base is installed at the right end of the supporting plate; a tension sensor is arranged on the right end face of the supporting plate and is electrically connected with the controller; the tension sensor is connected with the tension plate through a spring; the base is also provided with a clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism comprises a fixed disk, a fixed column is fixed above the fixed disk, and the periphery of the fixed column is in threaded connection with a rotary table; the number of the clamping mechanisms is two, and one ends, far away from each other, of the two fixing discs are fixedly connected with the tension plate and the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder respectively. The purpose of this patent is to solve thereby the inaccurate problem of result of the atress direction slope of the steel wire that the three-dimensional spiral winding of steel wire leads to of steel wire.

Description

Tensile testing device of steel wire
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tensile testing machines, in particular to a tensile testing device for a steel wire.
Background
According to GB/T8358-2006 Steel wire breaking tensile test method, four clamping methods are provided for a steel wire test piece: the sleeve pressing method, the casting method, the direct clamping method and the winding method. The method adopts a sampling detection method, namely, a section of the rope is cut off on the basis of the existing whole rope, and a breaking tensile test is carried out. The specific requirements of the test on the clamps at the two ends are that the test process prevents the clamping part of the test piece from loosening and sliding, and whether the clamping part of the test piece is damaged or not is not definitely proposed and researched.
The steel wire tensile testing machine is mainly suitable for testing various physical and mechanical properties of steel wires, mechanical properties such as tension, compression, bending, shearing, peeling and the like of the steel wires are tested by utilizing the tensile testing machine, a tensile machine clamp is used as an important component of an instrument, different materials need different clamps, and the tensile testing machine is also an important factor for smooth test performance and high accuracy of test results.
The patent of the Chinese utility model with the granted publication number of CN208705173U discloses a steel wire rope tension tester, which comprises a base, a tension testing component fixed on the left side of the base, a hydraulic component fixed on the right side of the base and a controller; the tension testing assembly comprises a supporting plate fixed at the upper end of the base; the supporting plate is divided into an upper supporting plate, a lower supporting plate, a left supporting plate and a right supporting plate, and is fixedly connected above the base according to the position relation to form a rectangular frame perpendicular to the base; a tension plate is arranged between the left support plate and the right support plate; the upper end and the lower end of the tension plate are respectively connected with the upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate in a sliding manner; a tension sensor is arranged on the right end face of the left supporting plate; the tension sensor is connected with the tension plate through a horizontal spring; a first steel wire rope fixing device and a second steel wire rope fixing device are arranged between the tension plate and the right supporting plate; the first steel wire rope fixing device is fixedly connected with the right end face of the tension plate; the second steel wire rope fixing device is arranged on the right side of the first steel wire rope fixing device; a hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the right supporting plate; the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the second steel wire rope fixing device and drives the second steel wire rope fixing device to move left and right; the hydraulic assembly comprises a hydraulic station; the hydraulic station is connected with the hydraulic cylinder through an oil pipe; the hydraulic station is provided with a pressure sensor; the tension sensor and the pressure sensor are electrically connected with the controller.
Through twine wire rope on the winding roller among the above-mentioned scheme to it is fixed with the mount to screw fastening screw, fixed effect is better, avoided wire rope because the atress is too big and be flattened or make its original shape suffer destruction, and be equipped with force sensor and pressure sensor in the testing machine, sensing information is handled through the controller, feedback adjustment by oneself to hydro-cylinder pulling force through automatically controlled cabinet, for the test process provides continuous stable pulling force, the error of manual operation production has been avoided, wire rope tension test precision has been improved.
Although the problem that the steel wire is fixed and the junction of steel wire and anchor clamps suffers destruction has been solved to a certain extent in above-mentioned scheme, thereby still there is the inaccurate problem of result that leads to the tensile test of steel wire because the atress direction slope of the steel wire that the three-dimensional spiral winding of steel wire leads to.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a steel wire tension testing device, which solves the problem that the steel wire tension testing result is inaccurate due to the fact that the steel wire is inclined in the stress direction caused by three-dimensional spiral winding.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a tensile test device of steel wire, includes base, tensile test subassembly, hydraulic assembly and controller, its characterized in that: the tension testing assembly comprises a supporting plate fixed at the upper end of the base, and a tension plate connected with the base in a sliding manner is installed at the right end of the supporting plate; the right end face of the supporting plate is provided with a tension sensor which is electrically connected with the controller; the tension sensor is connected with the tension plate through a spring; the base is also provided with a clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism comprises a fixed disk, a fixed column is fixed above the fixed disk, and the periphery of the fixed column is in threaded connection with a rotary table; the number of the clamping mechanisms is two, and the ends, far away from each other, of the two fixing discs are respectively and fixedly connected with the tension plate and the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic assembly; the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic component is fixed on the base.
The technical principle of the technical scheme is as follows: one end of the steel wire is horizontally spirally wound on the periphery of one of the fixed columns like a mosquito coil, then the turntable is rotated downwards and one end of the steel wire is clamped, so that the winding direction of the steel wire is horizontally spirally wound, the winding direction of the steel wire is the same as the rotating direction of the downward movement of the turntable, and the end of the steel wire can be clamped by the downward movement of the turntable through friction force when the steel wire slides; the other end of the wire is similarly clamped between the other holding pan and the turntable in the same manner. In the process of testing the tensile force of the steel wire, the steel wire slides to generate friction force to drive the two turntables to move downwards, and the two ends of the steel wire are pulled more and more tightly.
The beneficial effect that this scheme produced is:
1. compared with the existing steel wire tension testing device, the steel wire of the existing steel wire tension testing device adopts the three-dimensional spiral winding to cause the stress direction of the steel wire to incline, thereby causing the result of the steel wire tension test to be inaccurate; and the steel wire in this application scheme adopts horizontal spiral winding, thereby the accuracy of the result of the tensile test of assurance steel wire of the atress direction level of steel wire.
2. Compared with the existing steel wire tension testing device, the existing steel wire tension testing device can generate vibration in the steel wire tension testing process to cause the end of the steel wire to slide; and the tensile testing arrangement of steel wire in this application file can draw more tightly at the in-process that the steel wire is stretched, has avoided the landing of the end of steel wire.
3. Compared with the existing steel wire tension testing device, the existing steel wire tension testing device is easy to cause the clamped part of the steel wire to break, so that the tension of the steel wire cannot be tested; and the tensile test device of steel wire in this application file can increase the frictional force between steel wire and the clamping part, can avoid the steel wire by the partial fracture of centre gripping when avoiding the end landing of steel wire to guarantee that the fracture position of steel wire is located the within range of regulation.
4. Compare with the tension test device of current steel wire, the tension test device ann of current steel wire is torn open the steel wire and is inconvenient to be compared, and the steel wire ann in this application scheme is torn open very conveniently.
Furthermore, the upper end surfaces of the fixed disks are provided with hemispherical grooves; the lower extreme of carousel all is provided with hemispherical arch, and the recess cooperatees with the arch.
The protrusion on the carousel matches with the recess on the fixed disk, with steel wire both ends chucking, the frictional force that the both ends of increase steel wire received avoids the both ends landing of steel wire and avoids the both ends of steel wire to be cracked by the part of centre gripping.
Further, the grooves and the protrusions are distributed in concentric circles relative to the axis of the fixing column.
The two ends of the steel wire are spirally wound on the corresponding fixed disc and the corresponding rotary disc in a horizontal mode, friction force borne by the two ends of the steel wire is increased, the steel wire of the inner ring can be tightened by the steel wire of the outer ring in the process of performing tension test on the steel wire, and the two ends of the steel wire are tightened more and more.
Furthermore, a permanent magnet is embedded in the edge of the upper end face of the fixed disc; electromagnets matched with the permanent magnets are respectively embedded at the edges of the lower end surface of the turntable; and the electromagnet is electrically connected with a power supply and a control switch I for electrifying and cutting off the electromagnet.
Make two electro-magnets circular telegrams back through control switch I, two electro-magnets are rotatory and the downstream presss from both sides the steel wire tightly under the magnetic force effect, carry out the in-process of tensile test to the steel wire, under the magnetic force effect, the steel wire is kept pressing from both sides tightly, avoids the steel wire landing.
Further, the depth of the groove is 0.2-1cm, and the diameter of the opening of the groove is set to be 0.5-2 cm.
The tension testing device can test the tension of steel wires with various thicknesses.
Furthermore, a control switch II is fixed on a base between the fixed disc fixed with the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic cylinder, the control switch II is electrically connected with the two electromagnets respectively, and when the control switch II is pressed, the magnetic poles of the two electromagnets are changed; when the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder drives the fixed disc fixed with the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder to slide left and right, the fixed disc fixed with the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder can be pressed to the control switch II.
After the steel wire is broken, the fixed disc fixed with the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder moves rightwards to press the control switch II, the control switch II enables the electromagnet and the permanent magnet which are matched to repel each other, so that the two turntables rotate upwards to release the two ends of the steel wire, and the broken steel wire can be taken down and a new steel wire can be installed again; then the fixed disk fixed with the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder moves leftwards until the fixed disk is pressed to a control switch II, the control switch II enables the electromagnet and the permanent magnet which are matched to attract each other, and the steel wire can be clamped again.
Furthermore, the fixed disc is barrel-shaped, a through hole is formed in the right side wall of the fixed disc, the upper end of the through hole extends to the upper portion of the side wall of the fixed disc, the lower end of the through hole is flush with the inner bottom of the fixed disc, 20-50 strip-shaped limiting blocks are uniformly arranged on the outer side wall of the fixed disc in the circumferential direction and are arranged in the vertical direction; the diameter of the rotary table I is the same as the inner diameter of the fixed disc, a blind hole is formed in the side wall of the rotary table I, an L-shaped sliding block is connected in the blind hole in a sliding mode, the L-shaped sliding block can only slide along the radial direction of the fixed disc, the vertical end of the L-shaped sliding block faces downwards, a spring is arranged in the blind hole, one end of the spring is fixed to the bottom of the blind hole, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the L-shaped sliding block; the opening part of the blind hole is provided with a limiting mechanism for preventing the L-shaped sliding block from being completely separated from the blind hole; the vertical end of the L-shaped sliding block is matched with the shape of the two adjacent limiting blocks; when the turntable I and the fixed disk clamp one end of the steel wire, the vertical end of the L-shaped sliding block can be clamped between two adjacent limiting blocks.
Winding one end of the steel wire on the fixed disc, and then penetrating the other end of the steel wire out of the through hole; when I rotatory downward movement of carousel is close to the fixed disk, I rotatory centrifugal force that produces of carousel, L type slider receives the direction slip of the axis of keeping away from carousel I to the effect of centrifugal force, support tightly back on the fixed disk with the steel wire downwards when carousel I, carousel I stop rotatory, centrifugal force disappears, L type slider slides to the bottom of blind hole, thereby L type slider card is gone into between two adjacent stoppers, thereby carry on spacingly with carousel I, avoid revolving the one end landing of the steel wire that leads to for the fixed disk rotation at the in-process carousel I of pulling steel wire.
After breaking the steel wire, pull L type slider earlier to the direction of keeping away from the axis of carousel I and support on the one side of the axis of keeping away from carousel I of stopper, then I counter rotation of carousel, L type slider is to the direction motion of the axis of keeping away from carousel I and break away from with the stopper under the effect of centrifugal force to realize the rising of carousel I.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the fixed disk on the left side.
Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the turntable on the left side.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of the steel wire winding.
Fig. 5 is a top view of the matching structure of the right fixed disk and the control switch II.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the fixed platter of fig. 1 taken along the direction of a-a.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a base 10, a fixed disc 11, a groove 111, a fixed column 12, a limiting disc 121, a rotary disc 13, a protrusion 131, a permanent magnet 14, an electromagnet 15, a steel wire 20, a hydraulic cylinder 30, a telescopic end 31, a control switch II 40, a handle 41, a rotating shaft 42, a blind hole 50, a spring 51, an L-shaped sliding block 52, a sliding groove 521, a fixed block 522, a limiting block 60 and a through hole 70.
The embodiments are substantially as shown in figures 1 to 7 of the accompanying drawings:
a tensile test device for steel wires comprises a base 10, a hydraulic assembly and a controller which are fixed on the right side of the base 10, and a tensile test assembly which is fixed on the left side of the base 10, wherein the hydraulic assembly and the controller are in the prior structure and adopt the structure disclosed in the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN 208705173U.
The tensile force test subassembly includes the backup pad (not drawn in the picture), and the backup pad is fixed in the upper end of base 10, and the right side of backup pad is provided with the pulling force board, and pulling force board and base 10 sliding connection, the bottom of pulling force board are fixed with T type slider, offer the T type spout that the level was arranged about on the base 10, and during T type spout was gone into to T type slider card, the pulling force board only can be slided about along T type spout.
A tension sensor is fixed on the right end face of the supporting plate and electrically connected with the controller, a spring 51 is arranged between the tension sensor and the tension plate, the spring 51 is arranged in the horizontal direction, one end of the spring 51 is fixed on the tension sensor, and the other end of the spring 51 is fixed on the tension plate. The tension sensor is electrically connected with the controller.
When the tension plate is pulled to the right, the tension plate will stretch the spring 51 and apply the same amount of tension to the tension sensor.
The tensile test assembly comprises 2 clamping mechanisms which are respectively used for clamping two ends of the steel wire 20.
The left clamping mechanism comprises a fixed disc 11, as shown in fig. 1 and 7, the bottom of the fixed disc 11 is slidably connected with a base 10, the fixed disc 11 is cylindrical, an opening of the fixed disc 11 is vertically and upwards arranged, a through hole 70 is formed in the right side wall of the fixed disc 11, the upper end of the through hole 70 extends to the upper portion of the side wall of the fixed disc 11, and the lower end of the through hole 70 is flush with the inner bottom of the fixed disc 11. As shown in fig. 6, 40 strip-shaped limiting blocks 60 are uniformly arranged on the outer side wall of the fixed disk 11 in the circumferential direction, and the limiting blocks 60 are arranged in the vertical direction. As shown in fig. 1, a fixed column 12 is fixed at the bottom of a fixed disk 11, the fixed column 12 is cylindrical, the fixed column 12 is arranged along the vertical direction, a rotary disk 13 is connected to the periphery of the fixed column 12 in a threaded manner, the rotary disk 13 is cylindrical, and the rotary disk 13, the fixed column 12 and the fixed disk 11 are coaxially arranged; a cylindrical limiting disc 121 is fixed on the top of the fixing column 12. The limiting disc 121 is used for limiting the rotating disc 13 and preventing the rotating disc 13 from sliding off the fixed column 12.
As shown in fig. 7, the diameter of the rotating disc 13 is the same as the inner diameter of the fixed disc 11, a blind hole 50 is formed in the side wall of the rotating disc 13, when the bottom of the rotating disc 13 contacts with the bottom of the fixed disc 11, the blind hole 50 is located above the fixed disc 11, the axis of the blind hole 50 is arranged along the horizontal direction, the cross section of the blind hole 50 is rectangular, an L-shaped slider 52 is slidably connected in the blind hole 50, the shape and size of the cross section of the horizontal end of the L-shaped slider 52 are consistent with the shape and size of the cross section of the blind hole 50, the L-shaped slider 52 is prevented from rotating relative to the blind hole 50, the vertical end of the L-shaped slider 52 faces downwards, a spring 51 is arranged in the blind hole 50, one end of the spring 51 is fixed at the bottom of the blind hole 50, and the other end of the spring 51 is fixed on the L-shaped slider 52; the top of the L-shaped sliding block 52 is provided with a sliding chute 521, the left end of the sliding chute 521 penetrates through the left end of the horizontal end of the L-shaped sliding block 52, the distance from the right end of the sliding chute 521 to the right end of the horizontal end of the L-shaped sliding block 52 is 0.5cm, a fixing block 522 is fixed on the inner side of the opening of the blind hole 50, and the fixing block 522 is clamped into the sliding chute 521 and is in sliding connection with the sliding chute 521, so that the L-shaped sliding block 52 is prevented from being completely separated from the blind hole 50; the cross section of the vertical end of the L-shaped sliding block 52 is trapezoidal, and when the vertical end of the L-shaped sliding block 52 is clamped between the two adjacent limiting blocks 60, the vertical end of the L-shaped sliding block 52 is respectively attached to the two adjacent limiting blocks 60; the number of blind holes 50 is set to two and is circumferentially distributed symmetrically about the axis of the rotary disk 13.
As shown in fig. 4, the left end of the steel wire 20 is horizontally spirally wound on the fixed disk 11 by using the fixed column 12 as a reel like a mosquito coil, and then the right end of the steel wire 20 penetrates out of the through hole 70; when the rotating disc 13 rotates downwards to move close to the fixed disc 11, the rotating disc 13 rotates to generate centrifugal force, the L-shaped sliding block 52 slides to the opening of the blind hole 50 along the radial direction of the rotating disc 13 after being acted by the centrifugal force, when the rotating disc 13 rotates downwards to abut against the steel wire 20 on the fixed disc 11, the rotating disc 13 stops rotating, the centrifugal force disappears, the L-shaped sliding block 52 slides to the bottom of the blind hole 50 under the action force of the spring 51, the L-shaped sliding block 52 is clamped between two adjacent limiting blocks 60, the rotating disc 13 is limited, and the phenomenon that the rotating disc 13 rotates relative to the fixed disc 11 in the process of pulling the steel wire 20 to cause the left end of the steel wire 20 to slide is avoided. The steel wire 20 adopts the mode of horizontal spiral winding to guarantee that the steel wire 20 is by tensile in-process atress level to can increase the frictional force that the both ends of steel wire 20 received, avoid the both ends landing of steel wire 20.
As shown in fig. 2, the edge of the upper end surface of the fixed disk 11 is embedded with a ring-shaped permanent magnet 14; as shown in fig. 3, a ring-shaped electromagnet 15 is embedded in the edge of the lower end face of the rotary disk 13; the permanent magnet 14 and the electromagnet 15 are aligned up and down and have the same size; the electromagnet 15 is electrically connected with a power supply and a control switch I which enables the electromagnet 15 to be powered on and off; when the control switch i is pressed, the electromagnet 15 is charged and attracted to the permanent magnet 14.
The electromagnet 15 and the permanent magnet 14 are mutually attracted through the control switch I, when the fixed disc 11 can only slide left and right due to limitation, the electromagnet 15 and the permanent magnet 14 are mutually attracted to enable the electromagnet 15 to be close to the permanent magnet 14, so that clamping of the left end of the steel wire 20 is achieved, manual rotation of the rotary disc 13 is not needed, operation is convenient, and labor force is saved. And in the process that the steel wire 20 is stretched, the electromagnet 15 and the permanent magnet 14 are continuously attracted to each other, so that the two ends of the steel wire 20 are continuously clamped, and the two ends of the steel wire 20 are prevented from sliding off.
As shown in fig. 1, the left and right clamping mechanisms are symmetrically disposed, and the through holes 70 of the left and right clamping mechanisms are oppositely disposed. The electromagnet at the right end is also electrically connected with the control switch I, and when the control switch I is pressed down, the two electromagnets can be powered off and powered on simultaneously.
The fixed disc 11 on the left side is fixed with the right end of the tension plate, the fixed disc 11 on the right side is fixed with the left end of the telescopic end 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30 of the hydraulic assembly, and the hydraulic cylinder 30 of the hydraulic assembly is fixed on the base 10. The telescopic end 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30 can stretch and retract to drive the fixed disk 11 on the right side to slide left and right, and when the hydraulic cylinder 30 stops stretching and retracting, the fixed disk 11 on the right side is limited. So that both the fixed disks 11 can be horizontally slid only left and right. Similarly, after the right end of the steel wire 20 is clamped, the hydraulic cylinder 30 is started, and the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 30 contracts, so that the steel wire 20 can be broken.
As shown in FIG. 1, a control switch II 40 is arranged on the right side of the movable plate, and the control switch II 40 is fixed on the base 10. As shown in fig. 5, the control switch ii 40 is a toggle switch, the control switch ii 40 is disposed along a vertical direction, and a handle 41 of the control switch ii 40 is located in a horizontal plane, a rotating shaft 42 disposed along the vertical direction is fixed in the control switch ii 40, an axis of the rotating shaft 42 coincides with an axis of the fixed disk 11 on the right side in a front-back manner, the handle 41 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 42 and can rotate left and right, an initial position of the handle 41 is disposed in the front-back manner along the horizontal direction, a torsion spring is disposed on the rotating shaft 42, one end of the torsion spring is fixed on the rotating shaft 42, the other end of the torsion spring is fixed on the handle 41, a length of the handle 41 is 1.5 times a front-back vertical distance between the rotating shaft 42 and the fixed disk 11 on the right side, and the handle 41 can be toggled when the fixed disk 11 on the right side slides left and right.
The control switch II 40 is electrically connected with the two electromagnets 15 respectively; the fixed disk 11 on the right side can shift the primary handle 41 when sliding rightwards; then the handle 41 can be pulled again when the fixed disk 11 on the right side slides to the left; the poles of the two electromagnets 15 are changed simultaneously each time the handle 41 is pulled. The structure of the control switch II 40 is conventional.
After the steel wire 20 is pulled off, the L-shaped sliding block 52 is pulled towards the direction far away from the axis of the rotary disc 13 and is abutted against one surface, far away from the axis of the rotary disc 13, of the limiting block 60, then the fixed disc 11 on the right side continues to move rightwards until the handle 41 of the control switch II 40 is pressed, the two electromagnets 15 repel the corresponding permanent magnets 14, so that the two rotary discs 13 rotate upwards, the L-shaped sliding block 52 moves towards the direction far away from the axis of the rotary disc 13 under the action of centrifugal force and is separated from the limiting block 60, the rotary disc 13 is lifted, the two ends of the steel wire 20 are loosened, and the broken steel wire 20 can be taken down and a new steel wire 20 can be installed again.
In the process of stretching, in order to avoid the two ends of the steel wire 20 from sliding off, the direction of the downward movement of the left rotary table 13 is clockwise when viewed from the top, and the direction of the downward movement of the right rotary table 13 II is anticlockwise when viewed from the top, and the friction force generated when the steel wire 20 slides is utilized to drive the rotary table 13 to rotate downwards and clamp the two ends of the steel wire 20, so that the two ends of the steel wire 20 are pulled more and more tightly in the process of stretching the steel wire 20.
The upper end surface of the fixed disc 11 is provided with a hemispherical groove 111; the lower ends of the rotary discs 13 are provided with hemispherical bulges 131, the grooves 111 on the fixed disc 11 and the bulges 131 on the rotary discs 13 are in the same size and are distributed in concentric circles about the axis of the fixed column 12, the depth of each groove 111 is 0.5cm, and the diameter of the opening part of each groove 111 is 1.5 cm.
After the steel wire 20 is clamped, the grooves 111 and the protrusions 131 are matched to further increase the friction force between the steel wire 20 and the clamping mechanism and between the steel wire 20 and two ends of the steel wire, and the friction force applied to the end portion of the steel wire 20 is the friction force in the horizontal direction and the inclined direction, so that the steel wire is further prevented from slipping, and the length of the steel wire 20 clamped by the clamping mechanism can be saved.
The specific implementation process is as follows:
placing two ends of the steel wire 20 on the two fixing discs 11 respectively, and winding the two ends of the steel wire 20 on the clamping mechanisms on the left side and the right side horizontally and spirally respectively as shown in fig. 4, wherein the clamping mode is suitable for the steel wire 20 with the diameter of more than 0.5cm, and the steel wire 20 is not easy to break relative to the steel wire 20 with the diameter of less than 0.5 cm; another clamping method is to directly clamp both ends of the wire 20 horizontally and straightly to a clamping mechanism, and this clamping method is applied to a wire 20 having a diameter of 0.5cm or less, and the wire 20 is easily broken with respect to a wire 20 having a diameter of 0.5cm or more. Then, the two electromagnets 15 are electrified by using the control switch I and are respectively attracted to the corresponding permanent magnets 14, so that the rotary table 13 moves downwards and clamps the steel wire 20, the L-shaped slide block 52 slides towards the mouth of the blind hole 50 under the action of centrifugal force in the process that the rotary table 13 rotates downwards, after the rotary table 13 stops rotating, the centrifugal force applied to the L-shaped slide block 52 disappears, the L-shaped slide block 52 slides towards the bottom of the blind hole 50, so that the vertical end of the L-shaped slide block 52 is clamped between the adjacent limiting blocks 60, the rotary table 13 is limited, and meanwhile, the electromagnets 15 and the permanent magnets 14 are attracted to each other to further limit the rotary table 13.
Then start hydraulic cylinder 30, hydraulic cylinder 30 pulls the fixed disk 11 on right side, thereby the fixed disk 11 on right side is stretched steel wire 20, steel wire 20 is by the tensile in-process, the pulling force that steel wire 20 received is the horizontal direction, force sensor and hydraulic pressure component's pressure sensor's information transmission gives the controller, the controller makes pneumatic cylinder 30 feed back the adjustment by oneself according to the pulling force, for the test procedure provides continuous stable pulling force, the error that manual operation produced has been avoided, the precision of the tension test of steel wire 20 has been improved.
After the steel wire 20 is pulled off, the L-shaped sliding block 52 is pulled towards the direction far away from the axis of the rotating disc 13 and abuts against one surface, far away from the axis of the rotating disc 13, of the limiting block 60, the fixed disc 11 on the right side continues to move rightwards until the handle 41 of the control switch II 40 is pressed, the electromagnets 15 repel the corresponding permanent magnets 14 respectively, and therefore the rotating disc 13 rotates upwards to release the two ends of the steel wire 20, and therefore the broken steel wire 20 can be taken down and a new steel wire 20 can be installed again.
The telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 30 extends, the fixed disc 11 on the right moves leftwards, the handle 41 of the control switch II 40 can be pressed again, and the electromagnets 15 and the corresponding permanent magnets 14 are attracted to each other. So that clamping of the steel wire can be effected again.
The above steps are repeated continuously.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a tensile test device of steel wire, includes base, tensile test subassembly, hydraulic assembly and controller, its characterized in that: the tension testing assembly comprises a supporting plate fixed at the upper end of the base, and a tension plate connected with the base in a sliding manner is installed at the right end of the supporting plate; the right end face of the supporting plate is provided with a tension sensor which is electrically connected with the controller; the tension sensor is connected with the tension plate through a spring; the base is also provided with a clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism comprises a fixed disk, a fixed column is fixed above the fixed disk, and the periphery of the fixed column is in threaded connection with a rotary table; the number of the clamping mechanisms is two, and the ends, far away from each other, of the two fixing discs are respectively and fixedly connected with the tension plate and the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic assembly; a hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic assembly is fixed on the base; the fixed disc is barrel-shaped, a through hole is formed in the right side wall of the fixed disc, the upper end of the through hole extends to the upper portion of the side wall of the fixed disc, the lower end of the through hole is flush with the inner bottom of the fixed disc, 20-50 strip-shaped limiting blocks are uniformly arranged on the outer side wall of the fixed disc in the circumferential direction, and the limiting blocks are arranged in the vertical direction; the diameter of the rotary disc is the same as the inner diameter of the fixed disc, a blind hole is formed in the side wall of the rotary disc, an L-shaped sliding block is connected in the blind hole in a sliding mode, the L-shaped sliding block can only slide along the radial direction of the fixed disc, the vertical end of the L-shaped sliding block faces downwards, a spring is arranged in the blind hole, one end of the spring is fixed to the bottom of the blind hole, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the L-shaped sliding block; the opening part of the blind hole is provided with a limiting mechanism for preventing the L-shaped sliding block from being completely separated from the blind hole; the vertical end of the L-shaped sliding block is matched with the shape of the two adjacent limiting blocks; when the turntable and the fixed disk clamp one end of the steel wire, the vertical end of the L-shaped sliding block can be clamped between two adjacent limiting blocks.
2. The tension testing device of a steel wire according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end surface of the fixed disc is provided with hemispherical grooves; the lower extreme of carousel all is provided with hemispherical arch, and the recess cooperatees with the arch.
3. The tension testing device of a steel wire according to claim 2, wherein: the grooves and the protrusions are distributed in concentric circles relative to the axis of the fixing column.
4. A tension testing device of a steel wire according to claim 3, characterized in that: the edge of the upper end face of the fixed disc is embedded with a permanent magnet; electromagnets matched with the permanent magnets are respectively embedded at the edges of the lower end surface of the turntable; and the electromagnet is electrically connected with a power supply and a control switch I for electrifying and cutting off the electromagnet.
5. The tension testing device of a steel wire according to claim 4, wherein: the depth of the groove is 0.2-1cm, and the diameter of the opening of the groove is set to be 0.5-2 cm.
6. The tension testing device of a steel wire according to claim 5, wherein: a control switch II is fixed on the base between the fixed disc fixed with the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic cylinder, the control switch II is electrically connected with the two electromagnets respectively, and when the control switch II is pressed, the magnetic poles of the two electromagnets are changed; when the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder drives the fixed disc fixed with the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder to slide left and right, the fixed disc fixed with the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder can be pressed to the control switch II.
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