CN110293333B - Marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110293333B CN110293333B CN201910575319.XA CN201910575319A CN110293333B CN 110293333 B CN110293333 B CN 110293333B CN 201910575319 A CN201910575319 A CN 201910575319A CN 110293333 B CN110293333 B CN 110293333B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for a ship and a preparation method thereof. The sintered flux comprises dry-mixed raw materials and a binder, wherein the dry-mixed raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: CaF2：68～72％，Al2O3：18～22％，TiO2: 8-12%; the mass of the binder is 20-25% of that of the dry-mixed raw materials. During preparation, dry mixing and wet mixing are sequentially carried out according to the component ratio to prepare a wet mixed material, and after granulation and drying, the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship is prepared at the temperature of 280-600 ℃ for 1-3 h. The novel high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship is prepared by the method, and can be well matched with low-carbon low-alloy ship plate steel to obtain uniform weld joint components, good weld joint strength and low-temperature toughness. The metal welding bead of the welding seam is smooth, has good slag detachability, has no defects after detection, and can meet the technological requirements of welding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for a ship and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Submerged arc welding has the advantages of high production efficiency, high degree of mechanization, material saving, good and stable welding quality, and is widely applied in the fields of ship manufacturing industry and the like. The submerged arc welding flux is one of main consumable materials of submerged arc welding, plays a role in mechanical protection, metallurgical treatment and welding process performance improvement on welding seam metal in the welding process, and the welding process performance and the chemical metallurgical performance of the flux are important factors for determining the quality of the welding seam metal. The main components of the welding flux slag system commonly used in China at present are CaO, MgO and SiO2And the welding flux has over high content of basic oxides, poor welding process performance and unstable impact toughness of weld metal.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for a ship and a preparation method thereof; the invention meets the urgent requirement of a ship plate steel welding process on the welding flux with excellent performance, and develops the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered welding flux which has the advantages of stable welding process, high weld metal strength, high low-temperature toughness, uniform weld components and tissues, smooth weld bead surface and good slag removal performance.
The high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship comprises dry-mixed raw materials and a binder, wherein the dry-mixed raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: CaF2：68～72％，Al2O3：18～22％，TiO2: 8-12%; the mass of the binder is 20-25% of that of the dry-mixed raw materials.
The binder is water glass.
The water glass is sodium water glass and/or potassium water glass, the modulus is 3.3, and the baume degree is 40.
The performance indexes of the welded joint obtained by welding the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux are as follows: the tensile strength is 645-738 MPa, the Vickers hardness is 230-264 Hv, and the impact energy at-40 ℃ is 62-75J.
The preparation method of the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing materials:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the component proportion of the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux, and uniformly mixing to prepare dry-mixed raw materials;
(2) according to the mass ratio, water glass: the dry-mixed raw materials account for 20-25%, and the water glass and the dry-mixed raw materials are subjected to wet mixing to obtain wet mixed materials;
step 2, granulation:
(1) carrying out primary granulation on the wet mixed material, and selecting particles with the particle size of 16-50 meshes as a semi-finished product;
(2) crushing the particles with the particle size of more than 50 meshes, re-granulating the particles with the particle size of less than 16 meshes, and returning to the step 2(2) until all the particles become semi-finished products;
(3) drying the semi-finished product at a low temperature of 200-400 ℃;
and 3, sintering:
and sintering the semi-finished product at the sintering temperature of 280-600 ℃ for 1-3 h to obtain the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship.
The preparation method of the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux comprises the following steps:
in the step 1(1), all the raw materials are put into a mixing device and are uniformly stirred.
In the step 2(3), a tube furnace is adopted for drying.
In the step 2(3), the drying time is 1-3 h.
The application method of the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship comprises the following steps:
(1) drying the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for 1-3 h at 300-500 ℃;
(2) and (3) welding the low-carbon low-alloy ship plate steel by matching the dried high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship with a low-carbon welding wire to obtain a welding joint.
In the step (1), the drying operation is performed in a drying box.
In the step (2), the low-carbon low-alloy ship plate steel is EH 36-grade ship plate steel.
In the step (2), the low-carbon welding wire is H08Mn2 SiA.
In the step (2), the welding process comprises the following specific steps: adopting double-wire submerged arc welding with a flux pile height of 37mm, a front wire DC of 850A/32V, a rear wire AC of 625A/36V and a welding speed of 50 cm-min－1。
The high-fluorine aluminum titanium type flux of the present invention contains TiO2The flux has the effect of transition titanium in the weld. Titanium can combine with oxygen to generate fine inclusions which are dispersed in weld metal, and the titanium-containing inclusions and ferrite have better crystallographic orientation relation, so that acicular ferrite is formed in the induction crystal, the structure is refined, and the mechanical property of the weld metal is improved. CaF2The melting point of the welding flux can be effectively reduced, and the technological performance of the welding flux is met. Satisfies the urgent demand of the welding process of the ship plate steel on the welding flux with excellent performance, and is necessary to prepare the welding flux which has the advantages of economy, environmental protection, excellent performance, capability of realizing the refinement of the metal structure of the welding seam, and the improvement of the strength and the toughness of the metal and the welding heat affected zone of the welding seam, and simultaneously has no clampHigh-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux with defects of slag, undercut and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship and the preparation method thereof have the beneficial effects that:
the novel high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship is prepared, and can be well matched with low-carbon low-alloy ship plate steel to obtain uniform weld joint components, good weld joint strength and low-temperature toughness. The metal welding bead of the welding seam is smooth, has good slag detachability, has no defects after detection, and can meet the technological requirements of welding.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an optical micrograph of a cut section of a welded joint formed by welding a high-F Al-Ti type sintered flux for a ship prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic micrograph of a weld formed by welding the marine high-F AlTiAl type sintered flux prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a morphology chart of a desquamated skull of the marine high-F-Al-Ti type sintered flux prepared in example 1 after welding.
Detailed Description
In the following examples:
the modulus of the adopted sodium water glass and potassium water glass is 3.3, and the baume degree is 40;
the low-carbon welding wire is H08Mn2 SiA;
the welding mode of the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux is as follows: adopting double-wire submerged arc welding with a flux pile height of 37mm, a front wire DC of 850A/32V, a rear wire AC of 625A/36V and a welding speed of 50 cm-min－1。
Example 1
A high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for ships comprises the following components in percentage by mass: CaF2：70％，Al2O3：22％，TiO2：8％。
The preparation method of the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing materials:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the component proportion of the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux, putting the raw materials into a mixing device, and uniformly stirring to prepare a dry-mixed raw material;
(2) according to the mass ratio, water glass: dry-mixed raw materials account for 20 percent, and wet mixing is carried out on the water glass and the dry-mixed raw materials to prepare wet mixed materials; wherein the water glass is sodium water glass;
step 2, granulation:
(1) carrying out primary granulation on the wet mixed material, and selecting particles with the particle size of 16-50 meshes as a semi-finished product;
(2) crushing the particles with the particle size of more than 50 meshes, re-granulating the particles with the particle size of less than 16 meshes, and returning to the step 2(2) until all the particles become semi-finished products;
(3) drying the semi-finished product at low temperature of 300 ℃ for 2.5 h;
and 3, sintering:
and sintering the semi-finished product at 350 ℃ for 2.5h to obtain the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship.
The high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship prepared by the embodiment is dried for 2 hours at 300 ℃ by adopting a drying box before welding; and then, the dried sintered flux is matched with a low-carbon welding wire to weld the EH 36-grade ship plate steel, and the performance indexes of the welded joint obtained after welding are as follows: the tensile strength is 675MPa, the Vickers hardness is 233Hv, the low-temperature impact energy (-40 ℃) is 65J, the optical micrograph of the cutting section of the welding joint is shown in figure 1, the metallographic micrograph of the welding seam is shown in figure 2, and the appearance of the desquamation skull after welding is shown in figure 3; the welding seam has even components, smooth welding bead and good slag removal performance.
Example 2
A high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for ships comprises the following components in percentage by mass: CaF2：71％，Al2O3：20％，TiO2：9％。
The preparation method of the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing materials:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the component proportion of the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux, putting the raw materials into a mixing device, and uniformly stirring to prepare a dry-mixed raw material;
(2) according to the mass ratio, water glass: dry-mixed raw materials account for 22 percent, and wet mixing is carried out on the water glass and the dry-mixed raw materials to prepare wet mixed materials; wherein the water glass is potassium water glass;
step 2, granulation:
(1) carrying out primary granulation on the wet mixed material, and selecting particles with the particle size of 16-50 meshes as a semi-finished product;
(2) crushing the particles with the particle size of more than 50 meshes, re-granulating the particles with the particle size of less than 16 meshes, and returning to the step 2(2) until all the particles become semi-finished products;
(3) drying the semi-finished product at low temperature of 300 ℃ for 2.5 h;
and 3, sintering:
sintering the semi-finished product at the sintering temperature of 450 ℃ for 2h to obtain the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship.
The high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship prepared by the embodiment is dried for more than or equal to 2 hours at the temperature of 300-500 ℃ by adopting a drying box before welding; and then, the dried sintered flux is matched with a low-carbon welding wire to weld the EH 36-grade ship plate steel, and the performance indexes of the welded joint obtained after welding are as follows: the tensile strength is 694MPa, the Vickers hardness is 241Hv, the low-temperature impact energy (-40 ℃) is 68J, the welding line components are uniform, the welding bead is smooth, and the slag removal performance is good.
Example 3
A high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for ships comprises the following components in percentage by mass: CaF2：70％，Al2O3：20％，TiO2：10％。
The preparation method of the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing materials:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the component proportion of the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux, putting the raw materials into a mixing device, and uniformly stirring to prepare a dry-mixed raw material;
(2) according to the mass ratio, water glass: dry-mixed raw materials account for 23 percent, and wet mixing is carried out on the water glass and the dry-mixed raw materials to prepare wet mixed materials; wherein the water glass is a mixture of sodium water glass and potassium water glass in a mass ratio of 1: 1;
step 2, granulation:
(1) carrying out primary granulation on the wet mixed material, and selecting particles with the particle size of 16-50 meshes as a semi-finished product;
(2) crushing the particles with the particle size of more than 50 meshes, re-granulating the particles with the particle size of less than 16 meshes, and returning to the step 2(2) until all the particles become semi-finished products;
(3) drying the semi-finished product at low temperature of 300 ℃ for 2.5 h;
and 3, sintering:
and sintering the semi-finished product at the sintering temperature of 500 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship.
The high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship prepared by the embodiment is dried for 4 hours at 300 ℃ by adopting a drying box before welding; and then, the dried sintered flux is matched with a low-carbon welding wire to weld the EH 36-grade ship plate steel, and the performance indexes of the welded joint obtained after welding are as follows: the tensile strength is 714MPa, the Vickers hardness is 247Hv, the low-temperature impact energy (-40 ℃) is 72J, the welding line components are uniform, the welding bead is smooth, and the slag removal performance is good.
Example 4
A high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for ships comprises the following components in percentage by mass: CaF2：70％，Al2O3：18％，TiO2：12％。
The preparation method of the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing materials:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the component proportion of the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux, putting the raw materials into a mixing device, and uniformly stirring to prepare a dry-mixed raw material;
(2) according to the mass ratio, water glass: dry-mixed raw materials account for 25 percent, and wet mixing is carried out on the water glass and the dry-mixed raw materials to prepare wet mixed materials; wherein the water glass is sodium water glass;
step 2, granulation:
(1) carrying out primary granulation on the wet mixed material, and selecting particles with the particle size of 16-50 meshes as a semi-finished product;
(2) crushing the particles with the particle size of more than 50 meshes, re-granulating the particles with the particle size of less than 16 meshes, and returning to the step 2(2) until all the particles become semi-finished products;
(3) drying the semi-finished product at low temperature of 300 ℃ for 2.5 h;
and 3, sintering:
sintering the semi-finished product at 600 ℃ for 1h to obtain the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship.
The marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux prepared by the embodiment is dried for 2 hours at 500 ℃ by adopting a drying box before welding; and then, the dried sintered flux is matched with a low-carbon welding wire to weld the EH 36-grade ship plate steel, and the performance indexes of the welded joint obtained after welding are as follows: the tensile strength is 729MPa, the Vickers hardness is 239Hv, the low-temperature impact energy (-40 ℃) is 75J, the welding seam components are uniform, the welding bead is smooth, and the slag removal performance is good.
Comparative example 1
The sintered flux composition was the same as example 4 except that TiO was used2Content of 15% CaF2The content was 67%.
The preparation method of the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing materials:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, putting the raw materials into a mixing device, and uniformly stirring to obtain dry-mixed raw materials;
(2) according to the mass ratio, water glass: dry-mixed raw materials account for 25 percent, and wet mixing is carried out on the water glass and the dry-mixed raw materials to prepare wet mixed materials; wherein the water glass is sodium water glass;
step 2, granulation:
(1) carrying out primary granulation on the wet mixed material, and selecting particles with the particle size of 16-50 meshes as a semi-finished product;
(2) crushing the particles with the particle size of more than 50 meshes, re-granulating the particles with the particle size of less than 16 meshes, and returning to the step 2(2) until all the particles become semi-finished products;
(3) drying the semi-finished product at low temperature of 300 ℃ for 2.5 h;
and 3, sintering:
sintering the semi-finished product at 600 ℃ for 1h to obtain the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship.
The marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux prepared by the embodiment is dried for 2 hours at 500 ℃ by adopting a drying box before welding; and then, the dried sintered flux is matched with a low-carbon welding wire to weld the EH 36-grade ship plate steel, and the performance indexes of the welded joint obtained after welding are as follows: the tensile strength is 625MPa, the hardness is 231Hv, the low-temperature impact energy (-40 ℃) is 59J, the welding line components are uniform, the welding bead is smooth, and the slag removal performance is good.
Example 5
A high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for ships comprises the following components in percentage by mass: CaF2：69％，Al2O3：20％，TiO2：11％。
The preparation method of the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing materials:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the component proportion of the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux, putting the raw materials into a mixing device, and uniformly stirring to prepare a dry-mixed raw material;
(2) according to the mass ratio, water glass: dry-mixed raw materials account for 23 percent, and wet mixing is carried out on the water glass and the dry-mixed raw materials to prepare wet mixed materials; wherein the water glass is potassium water glass;
step 2, granulation:
(1) carrying out primary granulation on the wet mixed material, and selecting particles with the particle size of 16-50 meshes as a semi-finished product;
(2) crushing the particles with the particle size of more than 50 meshes, re-granulating the particles with the particle size of less than 16 meshes, and returning to the step 2(2) until all the particles become semi-finished products;
(3) drying the semi-finished product at low temperature of 300 ℃ for 2.5 h;
and 3, sintering:
sintering the semi-finished product at 280 ℃ for 3h to obtain the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship.
The high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship prepared by the embodiment is dried for 4 hours at 300 ℃ by adopting a drying box before welding; and then, the dried sintered flux is matched with a low-carbon welding wire to weld the EH 36-grade ship plate steel, and the performance indexes of the welded joint obtained after welding are as follows: the tensile strength is 721MPa, the Vickers hardness is 264Hv, the low-temperature impact energy (-40 ℃) is 73J, the welding line components are uniform, the welding bead is smooth, and the slag removal performance is good.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux is characterized by comprising dry-mixed raw materials and a binder, wherein the dry-mixed raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: CaF2：68~72%，Al2O3：18~22%，TiO2: 8-12%; the mass of the binder is 20-25% of that of the dry-mixed raw materials;
the Vickers hardness of a welded joint obtained by welding the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux is 233-264 Hv;
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing materials:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the component proportion of the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux, and uniformly mixing to prepare dry-mixed raw materials;
(2) wet mixing the binder and the dry-mixed raw materials to prepare a wet mixed material;
step 2, granulation:
(1) carrying out primary granulation on the wet mixed material, and selecting particles with the particle size of 16-50 meshes as a semi-finished product;
(2) crushing the particles with the particle size of more than 50 meshes, re-granulating the particles with the particle size of less than 16 meshes, and returning to the step 2(2) until all the particles become semi-finished products;
(3) drying the semi-finished product at a low temperature of 200-400 ℃;
and 3, sintering:
and sintering the semi-finished product at the sintering temperature of 280-600 ℃ for 1-3 h to obtain the high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship.
2. The method for preparing the marine high-aluminum fluoride titanium type sintered flux according to claim 1, wherein the binder is water glass.
3. The method for preparing the high-aluminum fluoride titanium type sintered flux for the ship according to claim 2, wherein the water glass is sodium water glass and/or potassium water glass, the modulus is 3.3, and the baume degree is 40.
4. The preparation method of the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux according to claim 1, characterized in that the tensile strength of a welded joint obtained after welding is 675-738 MPa, and the impact energy at-40 ℃ is 62-75J.
5. The method for preparing a high aluminum fluoride titanium type sintered flux for ships according to claim 1, wherein the welded joint is obtained by the following process:
(1) drying the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for 1-3 h at 300-500 ℃;
(2) and (3) welding the low-carbon low-alloy ship plate steel by matching the dried high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux for the ship with a low-carbon welding wire to obtain a welding joint, wherein the low-carbon low-alloy ship plate steel is EH 36-grade ship plate steel, and the low-carbon welding wire is H08Mn2 SiA.
6. The preparation method of the marine high-fluorine aluminum titanium type sintered flux according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2(3), a tube furnace is adopted for drying, and the drying time is 1-3 h.
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