CN110290020B - High-precision flow percentage generation method and device for Ethernet tester - Google Patents
High-precision flow percentage generation method and device for Ethernet tester Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A high-precision flow percentage generation method and device for an Ethernet tester belong to the technical field of Ethernet communication testing. The data frame generating module is used for generating an Ethernet data frame waiting to be sent; the data frame sending control module is used for carrying out parameter operation for sending the data frame at a constant flow and controlling data sending; and the data frame sending module is used for acquiring the data frame to be sent from the data frame generating module, judging whether the data frame conforms to the frame format specified by the Ethernet standard or not, discarding the data frame which does not conform to the standard, and sending the data frame which conforms to the Ethernet standard frame format to the local area network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-precision flow percentage generation method and device for an Ethernet tester, and belongs to the technical field of Ethernet communication testing.
Background
Ethernet is currently the most widely used local area network technology. Due to the characteristics of simplicity, low cost, strong expandability, good combination with an IP network and the like, the method is more and more widely applied to national enterprises and public institutions and becomes indispensable infrastructure for normal and efficient operation of the enterprises and public institutions. In certain industries such as: in enterprises in education, medical treatment, finance, insurance, securities, logistics, large-scale manufacturing industry and across countries and regions, network systems are increasingly huge and the assumed functions are increasingly complex, and the network becomes the nerve center of high-speed operation of the enterprises.
Currently, as the market process in the field of telecommunications matures day by day, the network bandwidth is larger and larger, the network speed is faster and faster, and the network delay is smaller and smaller. With the development and application of 5G technology and AI technology, the 5G + AI + internet of things is called next generation super internet, the fourth information industry revolution has come, and the network development has risen to the national strategic level, becoming a technical plateau for competition of various countries. In China, competition among various operators is intensified, and under the intense market competition environment, users pay more attention to the service quality of the data network and the timeliness and the effect of fault response. Under the circumstance, how to improve the service quality of large customers becomes a key index for improving the competitiveness of telecommunication enterprises. However, in the conventional network, all messages are treated identically without distinction, each forwarding device processes all messages by using a first-in first-out (FIFO) strategy, and it makes the Best Effort (Best-Effort) to send the messages to the destination, but does not provide any guarantee for the reliability of message transmission, transmission delay and other performances. Therefore, a network management and monitoring instrument which is powerful and meets the actual needs is urgently needed.
The most basic and important of the network test instrument is the transmission control of the Ethernet data frame. The traditional and simple transmission method is to generate a data frame with a certain length according to the standard frame format of the Ethernet, calculate the number of data frame transmission in unit time or the interval time of once transmission according to the set flow and the frame length, and then continuously transmit in a circulating way. The mode causes large fluctuation of sending flow, unstable flow and large error of test result, and can not meet the sending test of 40G or even 100G large flow.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-precision flow percentage generation method and device for an Ethernet tester.
A high-precision flow percentage generating device of an Ethernet tester comprises a data frame generating module, a data frame sending control module and a data frame sending module, wherein:
the data frame generating module is used for generating an Ethernet data frame waiting to be sent;
the data frame sending control module is used for carrying out parameter operation for sending the data frame at a constant flow and controlling data sending;
and the data frame sending module is used for acquiring the data frame to be sent from the data frame generating module, judging whether the data frame conforms to the frame format specified by the Ethernet standard or not, discarding the data frame which does not conform to the standard, and sending the data frame which conforms to the Ethernet standard frame format to the local area network.
A high-precision flow percentage generating method for an Ethernet tester comprises the following steps; generating an Ethernet data frame waiting to be sent; performing parameter calculation for transmitting a data frame at a constant flow rate and controlling data transmission; and acquiring a data frame to be sent, judging whether the data frame conforms to a frame format specified by an Ethernet standard, discarding the data frame which does not conform to the standard, and sending the data frame which conforms to the Ethernet standard frame format to the local area network.
A high-precision flow percentage generating method for an Ethernet tester is characterized by also comprising the following steps;
step 1, accurately controlling constant flow, accumulating frame percentage in each clock period until the frame length is more than or equal to 256 bytes, and transmitting a data frame; sending data frames at intervals of 256 bytes, wherein the length of the frame is 256 bytes and is called a frame interval;
step 2, aiming at the Ethernet data frame including a target MAC, a source MAC and an 802.1Q label, and checking the Ethernet type, the load and the cyclic redundancy;
the Ethernet data is composed of the following parts in the transmission process: 7 bytes (preamble) +1byte (delimiter) + ethernet data frame +4 bytes (FCS check) +12 bytes (ipg);
aiming at the load of the Ethernet data frame, the Ethernet data frame comprises a link layer protocol frame head, a network layer protocol frame head, a transmission layer protocol frame head and an actual load byte; according to different Ethernet service functions, the Ethernet standard formulates a frame structure combination mode conforming to the Ethernet transmission protocol;
the Ethernet data transmission is sent in the form of data frames, and single bit or byte can not be sent; simulating Ethernet data, and uniformly and stably transmitting according to preset flow;
the preset flow rate: 0.001 Mbps-100 Gbps, wherein Mbps/Gbps is a transmission rate unit and refers to the number of bits transmitted per second;
step 3, the flow is the number of bits or bytes transmitted by the Ethernet per second;
and 4, for the condition of a plurality of data streams, multiplying the frame percentage by the number of the data streams: frame percentage is flow percentage x number of data streams x bus bit width x 15625; the calculation modes of other parameters, namely frame interval, frame remainder and frame times, are not changed;
step 5, multiplying the Ethernet of 100Gbps by 1.65 when calculating the frame interval, and multiplying by 4 when calculating in order to avoid decimal; for an Ethernet which is below 10G and comprises 10G, the bit width of the data parallel processing can be 64bit, 32bit, 16bit, 8bit or 4 bit; the speed of the bus is consistent with the network transmission speed, and the bus does not need to be multiplied by any multiple;
when testing 100G Ethernet, the parameters are calculated as frame percentage, flow percentage, data flow quantity, bus bit width, 15625 and 4; the data frame transmission interval is calculated as: frame interval (frame length)
+FCS+IPG(12byte)+PREAMBLE_SOF(8byte))×15625×1.65×4；
Step 6, the steps are executed circularly, and the data frame is sent in a uniform and stable flow in the process of executing the test circularly; the flow rate is as follows: 0.001Mbps to 100 Gbps;
the measurement precision reaches: 0.001 to 100.000 percent.
The frame percentage is calculated as: frame percentage is flow percentage multiplied by bus bit width multiplied by 15625; the data frame transmission interval calculation mode is as follows: frame interval (frame length + FCS + IPG (12byte)
+ PREAMBLE _ SOF (8byte)) × 15625; the bus bit width represents data that can be processed simultaneously in each clock cycle, and the frame number calculation mode is as follows: frame number ═ (frame percentage/frame interval) -1; the frame remainder is calculated as: frame remainder is frame percentage% frame interval; if the frame times are more than 1, sending the data frames with the corresponding times; the frame remainder is added to the frame percentage for the next clock cycle calculation.
In step 1, if the accumulated value of the frame percentage is larger than or equal to the frame interval, a data frame is sent once; then calculating the frame times as frame percentage/frame interval-1; if the frame times are more than 0, continuously transmitting the data frame; calculating frame remainder as frame percentage% frame interval, and accumulating the frame remainder to the frame percentage to participate in next calculation; if the frame percentage accumulated value is less than the frame interval, directly calculating the frame remainder as the frame percentage% frame interval, and accumulating the frame remainder to the frame percentage to participate in the next calculation.
The invention has the advantages that the invention can simulate the common Ethernet data frame structure and service protocol, not only comprises the traditional link layer and network layer protocol simulation, but also realizes the protocol simulation of a transmission layer and an application layer. Currently, the real network is tested according to the testing method specified in the ethernet testing standard (RFC2544, Y1564), and the testing is based on the precise control of the ethernet data frame sending traffic. In a network with low performance and low bandwidth (such as 1000M network, 10G network), the flow control is simple. In the presence of a high-performance network with a bandwidth of 100G, the traditional flow control method is ineligible. The method provided by the invention well solves the problem and perfectly realizes the flow control up to 100 Gbps. In order to simulate the complex situation that disordered data frames are transmitted in a real network, the invention supports the simultaneous transmission of up to 256 data frames.
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A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form a part of this specification, and wherein the illustrated embodiments of the invention and the description thereof are intended to illustrate and not limit the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and process of the present invention.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Detailed Description
It will be apparent that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and variations based on the spirit of the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" may include the plural forms as well, unless expressly stated otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element, component or section is referred to as being "connected" to another element, component or section, it can be directly connected to the other element or section or intervening elements or sections may also be present. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.
The following examples are further illustrative for the convenience of understanding the embodiments, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, a method and an apparatus for generating a high-precision traffic percentage of an ethernet test instrument, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for controlling ethernet traffic transmission based on optical transmission. And accurately controlling the sending of the Ethernet data frame according to the set flow percentage so as to test the network reliability.
A method for generating high-precision flow percentage of an Ethernet test instrument comprises the following steps:
step 1, accurately controlling constant flow, assuming that an ethernet can uniformly transmit data frames according to bytes, and under the conditions that the bandwidth is 10000B/s, the flow is 1000B/s, and the frame length is 256 bytes, the average byte transmitted per clock cycle is 1000/10000-0.1B. This number is called the frame percentage. A frame of data is transmitted each clock cycle with the frame percentage accumulated until it is greater than or equal to the frame length 256B. Since interval 256B transmits data frames, the frame length 256B is referred to as the frame interval at this time.
If the frame interval is less than the frame percentage, the actual transmission value at this moment is less than the theoretical transmission value, the frame percentage is divided by the frame interval to obtain the number of frames to be transmitted, and then the number of frames obtained by subtracting the transmitted frame once is obtained. The frame number is greater than 0, and the data frame is continuously transmitted. The remainder of dividing the frame percentage by the frame interval is called the frame remainder, which is less than one data frame to accumulate to the next participating calculation.
So the frame percentage calculation is: frame percentage is flow percentage × bus bit width × 15625. The data frame transmission interval calculation mode is as follows: the frame interval is (frame length + FCS + IPG (12byte) + PREAMBLE _ SOF (8byte)) × 15625. The bus bit width represents the data that can be processed simultaneously in each clock cycle, and is 64 bits in the invention. To reduce errors and make the calculation more accurate and convenient, each parameter is multiplied by a larger integer 15625 to eliminate decimals.
The frame times are calculated in the following manner: frame number (frame percentage/frame interval) -1. The frame remainder is calculated as: frame remainder is frame percent% frame interval. And if the frame times are more than 1, transmitting the data frames of the corresponding times. The frame remainder is added to the frame percentage for the next clock cycle calculation.
And 2, aiming at the Ethernet data frame, the Ethernet data frame comprises a destination MAC, a source MAC, an 802.1Q label (optional), an Ethernet type, a load, a cyclic redundancy check and the like.
It should be noted that a certain mechanism is required to be followed for the transmission of the ethernet data on the network medium, where the CSMA/CD medium access control mechanism stipulates that when the ethernet is transmitting data, a frame gap time (IFG or IPG) needs to be waited between two frames, and meanwhile, when the ethernet data frame is transmitting, a preamble field of 7 bytes and a delimiter of 1byte are also required.
Therefore, the ethernet data is composed of the following parts in the transmission process: 7 bytes (preamble) +1byte (delimiter) + ethernet data frame +4 bytes (FCS check) +12 bytes (ipg).
The Ethernet data frame load comprises a link layer protocol frame head, a network layer protocol frame head, a transmission layer protocol frame head, an actual load byte and the like. According to different Ethernet service functions, the Ethernet standard establishes a corresponding frame structure combination mode.
The Ethernet data transmission is sent in the form of data frames, and single bit or byte can not be sent; and Ethernet data is simulated and transmitted uniformly and stably according to a certain flow.
And step 3, the flow refers to the number of bits or bytes transmitted by the Ethernet per second. Traffic percentage refers to the percentage of traffic over bandwidth. For example, ethernet bandwidth 100Gbps, traffic is 10Gbps, and then the traffic percentage is 10Gbps/100Gbps — 0.1 Gbps.
Step 4, in the case of multiple data streams, means that 1+ N data frames are transmitted at the same time. Corresponding to 1+ N times the bytes sent in each clock cycle. So the frame percentage should be calculated multiplied by the number of data streams: frame percentage is flow percentage x number of data streams x bus bit width x 15625. Other parameters are not changed.
Step 5, for 100Gbps ethernet, the rate is 100000 Mbps. The bit width for parallel processing of data is 512 bits and the bus frequency is 322.265625 MHz. The bus rate is 322.265625(MHz) × 512(bit) ═ 165000 Mbps. The bus rate is 1.65 times the transfer rate. So the frame interval is multiplied by 1.65 and in order that no fraction appears, the frame interval is multiplied by 4. For ethernet networks below 10G, including 10G, the data parallel processing bit width can be 64 bits, 32 bits, 16 bits, 8 bits, and 4 bits. The bus rate and the network transfer rate are identical and do not need to be multiplied by any multiple.
So when testing a 100G ethernet the parameters are calculated as the percentage of frames ═ traffic percentage x number of data streams x bus bit width x 15625 x 4. The data frame transmission interval is calculated as: frame interval (frame length + FCS + IPG (12byte) + PREAMBLE _ SOF (8byte)) × 15625 × 1.65 × 4.
And 6, circularly executing the steps, and sending the data frames at a uniform and stable flow rate within a certain time length. The measurement precision can reach: 0.001 to 100.000 percent.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 1, a high-precision flow percentage generating device for an ethernet tester comprises a data frame generating module, a data frame sending control module, and a data frame sending module, wherein:
and the data frame generating module is used for generating the Ethernet data frame waiting to be sent. Specifically, the module obtains parameters forming the data frame according to the Ethernet service type, wherein the parameters comprise destination MAC, source MAC, 802.1Q label (optional), Ethernet type, Ethernet load, data frame length and the like, and the parameters are combined into a complete data frame conforming to the Ethernet standard. And automatically adding cyclic redundancy check and waiting for sending. If the transmission is multi-stream transmission, a plurality of data frames to be transmitted need to be generated. The generation of Ethernet data frame supports the simultaneous transmission of maximum 512 data streams, the length of 8 kinds of data frames can be changed circularly or randomly, and the maximum 8 layers are supported by stacking VLAN, MPLS, OAM and VPLS protocols.
And the data frame sending control module is used for performing parameter operation for sending the data frame at a constant flow and controlling data sending.
And the data frame sending module is used for sending the data frame which conforms to the Ethernet standard frame format to the local area network. And acquiring the data frame waiting to be sent from the data frame generating module, and judging whether the frame format conforms to the frame format specified by the Ethernet standard, the data frame conforming to the standard is sent and the data frame not conforming to the standard is discarded.
Example 3: as shown in fig. 1, a method for generating a high-precision percentage of traffic of an ethernet test instrument, assuming that an existing ethernet with a bandwidth of 100Gbps requires that 256 frames of 526 bytes long data frames be sent to a local area network according to a constant traffic with a traffic percentage of 10%, includes the following steps:
the data frame generation module acquires parameters such as a destination MAC, a source MAC, a load and the like of the data frame. And combining 256 data frames which conform to the Ethernet standard frame format according to the parameter requirements, and buffering the data frames to be sent.
The data frame sending control module obtains data stream, frame length and flow percentage, and the data stream, frame length and flow percentage are used for calculating various parameters for controlling data frame sending, and the calculation is as follows:
the frame interval is (526+4+12+8) × 15625 × 1.65 × 4, and is rounded 56718750.
The frame percentage is 0.1 (10%) × 15625 × 256 (total number of streams) × 64 × 4, i.e., 102400000.
The loop control logic is enabled and the frame percentage is first accumulated to 102400000. Which is greater than the frame interval 56718750, initiates the data frame sending module to send the data frame.
Because the frame interval is less than the frame percentage, calculate: frame number ═ 1, (102400000/56718750) -1, i.e., 0; the data frame does not need to be transmitted again. The frame remainder is 102400000% 56718750, i.e., 45681250. The frame remainder is accumulated to a frame percentage, 102400000+ 45681250.
The next cycle is performed and the frame percentage is accumulated a second time at 102400000+ 45681250-148081250. Which is greater than the frame interval 56718750, initiates the data frame sending module to send the data frame.
Because the frame interval is less than the frame percentage, calculate: frame number ═ 1, (148081250/56718750) -1, i.e., 1; the data frame needs to be transmitted once more. The frame remainder is 148081250% 56718750, i.e., 34643750. The frame remainder is accumulated to a frame percentage, 102400000+ 34643750.
And executing the next cycle and repeating the steps.
As described above, although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications are possible without substantially departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, such modifications are also all included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A high-precision flow percentage generating method of an Ethernet tester is characterized by comprising the following steps; generating an Ethernet data frame waiting to be sent; performing parameter calculation for transmitting a data frame at a constant flow rate and controlling data transmission; acquiring a data frame to be transmitted, judging whether the data frame conforms to a frame format specified by an Ethernet standard, discarding the data frame which does not conform to the standard, and transmitting the data frame which conforms to the Ethernet standard frame format to a local area network;
also comprises the following steps;
step 1, accurately controlling constant flow, accumulating frame percentage in each clock period until the frame length is more than or equal to 256 bytes, and transmitting a data frame; sending data frames at intervals of 256 bytes, wherein the length of the frame is 256 bytes and is called a frame interval;
step 2, aiming at the Ethernet data frame including a target MAC, a source MAC and an 802.1Q label, and checking the Ethernet type, the load and the cyclic redundancy;
the Ethernet data is composed of the following parts in the transmission process: 7 bytes (preamble) +1byte (delimiter) + ethernet data frame +4 bytes (FCS check) +12 bytes (ipg);
aiming at the load of the Ethernet data frame, the Ethernet data frame comprises a link layer protocol frame head, a network layer protocol frame head, a transmission layer protocol frame head and an actual load byte; according to different Ethernet service functions, the Ethernet standard formulates a frame structure combination mode conforming to the Ethernet transmission protocol;
the Ethernet data transmission is sent in the form of data frames, and single bit or byte can not be sent; simulating Ethernet data, and uniformly and stably transmitting according to preset flow;
step 3, the flow is the number of bits or bytes transmitted by the Ethernet per second;
and 4, for the condition of a plurality of data streams, multiplying the frame percentage by the number of the data streams: frame percentage is flow percentage x number of data streams x bus bit width x 15625; the calculation modes of other parameters, namely frame interval, frame remainder and frame times, are not changed;
step 5, multiplying the Ethernet of 100Gbps by 1.65 when calculating the frame interval, and multiplying by 4 when calculating in order to avoid decimal; for an Ethernet which is below 10G and comprises 10G, the bit width of the data parallel processing can be 64bit, 32bit, 16bit, 8bit or 4 bit; the speed of the bus is consistent with the network transmission speed, and the bus does not need to be multiplied by any multiple;
when testing 100G Ethernet, the parameters are calculated as frame percentage, flow percentage, data flow quantity, bus bit width, 15625 and 4; the data frame transmission interval is calculated as: frame interval (frame length + FCS + IPG (12byte) + PREAMBLE _ SOF (8byte)) × 15625 × 1.65 × 4;
step 6, the steps are executed circularly, and the data frame is sent at a preset flow rate in the process of executing the test circularly; the measurement precision reaches: 0.001 to 100.000 percent.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the frame percentage is calculated by: frame percentage is flow percentage multiplied by bus bit width multiplied by 15625; the data frame transmission interval calculation mode is as follows: frame interval (frame length + FCS + IPG (12byte) + PREAMBLE _ SOF (8byte)) × 15625; the bus bit width represents data that can be processed simultaneously in each clock cycle, and the frame number calculation mode is as follows: frame number ═ (frame percentage/frame interval) -1; the frame remainder is calculated as: frame remainder is frame percentage% frame interval; if the frame times are more than 1, sending the data frames with the corresponding times; the frame remainder is added to the frame percentage for the next clock cycle calculation.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the frame percentage accumulation value in step 1 is transmitted once if it is greater than or equal to the frame interval; then calculating the frame times as frame percentage/frame interval-1; if the frame times are more than 0, continuously transmitting the data frame; calculating frame remainder as frame percentage% frame interval, and accumulating the frame remainder to the frame percentage to participate in next calculation; if the frame percentage accumulated value is less than the frame interval, directly calculating the frame remainder as the frame percentage% frame interval, and accumulating the frame remainder to the frame percentage to participate in the next calculation.
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