CN110287746B - Component, coding method, anti-collision method, component manufacturing method and application method - Google Patents
Component, coding method, anti-collision method, component manufacturing method and application method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rear-end coding assembly of a radio frequency identification tag in the technical field of radio frequency signal identification and Internet of things, which comprises a radio frequency signal input port, a plurality of surface acoustic wave filters with different central frequencies, a plurality of high-frequency switch circuits, a plurality of radio frequency rectifiers, a digital encoder, a digital decoder and a plurality of control level holding circuits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a radio frequency coding assembly, in particular to a rear end coding assembly of a radio frequency identification tag, and belongs to the technical field of radio frequency signal identification and Internet of things.
Background
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a non-contact automatic Identification technology, and a target object is automatically identified by a Radio Frequency encoded signal, and is widely applied to the internet of things.
In the prior art, a unique electronic code for identifying a specific target is stored in a radio frequency identification Tag (RFID Tag) attached to the target object to be identified. The radio frequency signal containing the identification code transmits the identification code information through an active or passive excited electromagnetic field, and is received and decoded by a radio frequency tag reader so as to identify and track a target object. Because the code of the specific target needs to be pre-programmed and stored in the memory of the radio frequency identification tag, the radio frequency identification tag needs to comprise a code information storage element and a processing circuit, and the technical requirement and the cost are high; when the identification coding information is modulated on a high-frequency electromagnetic signal for transmission, the identification coding information is distorted or lost due to electromagnetic interference of the environment; meanwhile, the identification code information stored in the radio frequency identification tag may include user privacy, and the identification code information is transmitted in a wireless manner between the tag and the reader, so that a certain information security problem exists, and the complexity of the system and the cost of the tag are correspondingly increased by adopting a necessary wireless security strategy (songgui, etc., a method for effectively improving the security performance of the physical layer of the RFID system, computer engineering, 2017.05).
On the other hand, if a plurality of rfid tags exist in the identification area at the same time, the identification code signals of the rfid tags interfere with each other to generate so-called data collision, so that the rfid tag reader cannot effectively identify the rfid tags. Most of anti-collision methods adopted by the existing radio frequency identification tags are repeated inquiry, screening and confirmation between a reader and the tags based on various algorithms, wherein a random algorithm based on time slot Aloha is simple and easy to implement, but has the defects of misjudgment, long identification time, low channel utilization rate and the like (Myung and the like, "Adaptive binary partitioning for effective RFID tag anti-collision", IEEE commu Lett, 2006, 10(3), pp 144-146), while a confirmation algorithm based on binary tree search reduces the number of times that the reader sends requests to the tags and the length of command parameters sent by the reader each time by arranging a stack and an internal dormancy counter in the tags, so as to reduce the communication traffic between the tags and the reader, shorten the identification time of the tags, improve the anti-collision performance of the system (gakuaian and the like, "binary search anti-collision improvement algorithm in an RFID system", computer measurement and control, 2012.20 (10), pp.2754-2756), but both rfid tags and rfid tag readers need to include corresponding transceiver and control circuits, increasing the structural complexity and cost of rfid tags.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an assembly, an encoding method, an anti-collision method, an assembly manufacturing method and an application method, and the assembly has the advantages of low technical requirements on radio frequency identification tags, low cost, strong anti-interference capability, good safety performance and the like.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a rear end coding assembly of a radio frequency identification tag comprises a radio frequency signal input port, a plurality of surface acoustic wave filters with different center frequencies, a plurality of high-frequency switch circuits, a plurality of radio frequency rectifiers, a digital encoder, a digital decoder and a plurality of control level holding circuits;
the radio frequency signal input port is of a general branch structure and comprises 1 radio frequency signal input end and a plurality of radio frequency signal output ends;
the high-frequency switch circuit comprises a high-frequency switch, a first high-frequency capacitor connected to the positive pole of the high-frequency switch in series, a second high-frequency capacitor connected to the negative pole of the high-frequency switch in series, a first high-frequency inductor connected to the positive pole of the high-frequency switch in parallel and a second high-frequency inductor connected to the negative pole of the high-frequency switch in parallel, wherein the outer end of the first high-frequency capacitor connected to the positive pole of the high-frequency switch in series is a radio-frequency input end of the high-frequency switch circuit, the outer end of the second high-frequency capacitor connected to the negative pole of the high-frequency switch in series is a radio-frequency output end of the high-frequency switch circuit, the outer end of the first high-frequency inductor connected to the positive pole of the high-frequency switch in parallel is a control level input end of the high-frequency switch circuit, and the outer end of the second high-frequency inductor connected to the negative pole of the high-frequency switch in parallel is in direct current grounding;
the radio frequency signal input end of the radio frequency signal input port is used for being externally connected with a radio frequency signal receiving antenna;
1 radio frequency signal output end of the radio frequency signal input port is sequentially connected with one of the coding level input ends of the 1 surface acoustic wave filter, the 1 high-frequency switch circuit, the 1 radio frequency rectifier and the digital encoder to form 1 radio frequency signal coding branch;
in the radio frequency signal coding branch, a radio frequency signal output end of a radio frequency signal input port is connected with a signal input end of a surface acoustic wave filter, a signal output end of the surface acoustic wave filter is connected with a radio frequency input end of a high-frequency switch circuit, a radio frequency output end of the high-frequency switch circuit is connected with a radio frequency current input end of a radio frequency rectifier, and a direct current level output end of the radio frequency rectifier is connected with one of coding level input ends of a digital coder;
each coded bit output end of the digital coder is used for outputting a group of coded signals;
each coding bit input end of the digital decoder is correspondingly connected with each coding bit output end of the digital encoder, and 1 decoding level output end of the digital decoder is sequentially connected with 1 control level holding circuit and 1 control level input end of the high-frequency switch circuit to form a high-frequency switch control branch;
the control level holding circuit comprises a monostable trigger, 1 or more input inverters which are connected in series with the input end of the monostable trigger as required and 1 or more output inverters which are connected in series with the output end of the monostable trigger as required, the input end of the monostable trigger or the outer end of the input inverter which is connected in series is the input end of the control level holding circuit, and the output end of the monostable trigger or the outer end of the output inverter which is connected in series is the output end of the control level holding circuit;
in the high-frequency switch control branch circuit, a decoding level output end of a digital decoder is connected with an input end of a control level holding circuit, and an output end of the control level holding circuit is connected with a control level input end of a high-frequency switch circuit.
As a further limitation of the present invention, the first high-frequency capacitor and the second high-frequency capacitor connected in series to the two ends of the high-frequency switch are used to block the dc level inputted by the control level holding circuit from entering the rf signal input port, the surface acoustic wave filter and the rf rectifier portion in the rf signal encoding branch, the first high-frequency inductor connected in parallel to the positive pole of the high-frequency switch is used to block the high-frequency signal in the rf signal encoding branch from entering the control level holding circuit, and the second high-frequency inductor connected in parallel to the negative pole of the high-frequency switch is used to block the ac ground when the negative pole of the high-frequency switch is dc grounded.
As a further limitation of the present invention, the low level retention time of each control level retention circuit is determined by the time constant of the RC charging and discharging branch of the monostable flip-flop, and the low level retention time of each control level retention circuit is set by setting the resistance value of the charging and discharging branch resistor and the capacitance value of the charging and discharging branch capacitor of the RC charging and discharging branch in each monostable flip-flop, so that when the digital encoder encodes the dc level applied to one of the lower priority encoding level input terminals, all the rf signal encoding branches where the higher priority encoding level input terminals are located are all kept in an off state, thereby enabling the rf tag back end encoding component to encode the rf identification signals transmitted by all the rf identification tags in the identification area one by one.
As a further limitation of the present invention, the 1 or more input inverters connected to the input end of the monostable flip-flop in series when necessary are used to ensure that a trigger signal with an effective falling edge is provided to the input end of the monostable flip-flop and to improve the output impedance and the load capacity of the digital decoder; and the 1 or more output inverters which are connected in series with the output end of the monostable trigger when needed are used for ensuring that the output end of the control level holding circuit outputs the required effective low-level signal and improving the output impedance and the load capacity of the control level holding circuit.
A method for realizing the back-end coding of a radio frequency identification tag comprises the following steps:
for a radio frequency identification tag existing in an identification area, a radio frequency identification signal with specific frequency emitted by the radio frequency identification tag enters the signal input end of each surface acoustic wave filter through an external radio frequency signal receiving antenna and a radio frequency signal input port;
only one surface acoustic wave filter with the center frequency same as the frequency of the input radio frequency identification signal in each surface acoustic wave filter outputs a corresponding radio frequency signal, and corresponding radio frequency signal current is input to a corresponding radio frequency rectifier through a high-frequency switch circuit in a radio frequency signal coding branch;
the radio frequency rectifier rectifies the input radio frequency signal current, and a high-level effective direct current level is output by a direct current level output end of the radio frequency rectifier;
the DC level is input as a coding level to a corresponding coding level input terminal of the digital encoder, and a coding bit output port of the digital encoder correspondingly outputs a set of digital coding signals corresponding to the input RFID signal.
A method for realizing self-feedback anti-collision in the process of encoding the rear end of a radio frequency identification tag comprises the following steps:
if a plurality of radio frequency identification tags exist in the identification area at the same time, radio frequency identification signals with different frequencies emitted by the radio frequency identification tags enter the signal input end of each surface acoustic wave filter through an external radio frequency signal receiving antenna and a radio frequency signal input port;
each surface acoustic wave filter respectively outputs a radio frequency signal with the same central frequency as the surface acoustic wave filter, and respectively inputs corresponding radio frequency signal current to the corresponding radio frequency rectifier through the high-frequency switch circuit in the radio frequency signal coding branch circuit where the surface acoustic wave filter is located;
each radio frequency rectifier rectifies the input radio frequency signal current respectively, and a respective direct current level output end outputs a high-level effective direct current level, wherein each direct current level is used as a coding level and is correspondingly input to each coding level input end of the digital coder;
for a plurality of direct current levels simultaneously applied to a plurality of coding level input ends of the digital encoder, the digital encoder only encodes the direct current level applied to the coding level input end with the highest priority, namely the digital encoder only outputs a group of digital codes corresponding to the radio frequency identification signals input by the radio frequency signal coding branch where the coding level input end is located;
the digital codes are simultaneously input into each coding bit input end of the digital decoder, only one decoding level output end corresponding to the input digital codes in each decoding level output end of the digital decoder outputs a low-level effective decoding level signal, namely a falling edge effective trigger signal is applied to a monostable trigger input end in a control level holding circuit connected behind the decoding level effective decoding level signal, so that the control level holding circuit outputs the required low-level signal and holds the low-level signal for a certain time;
the low level signal is applied to a control level input end of a high frequency switch circuit in a corresponding radio frequency signal coding branch circuit, namely, the control level input end is applied to the positive pole of the high frequency switch in the high frequency switch circuit, so that the high frequency switch is cut off, the radio frequency signal coding branch circuit where the high frequency switch is located is switched off, no direct current level is input to the corresponding coding level input end, and then the digital coder codes the direct current level applied to the coding level input end with the next higher priority level until all the radio frequency identification signals received by the radio frequency signal input port are coded one by one.
A method for manufacturing a rear-end coding component of a radio frequency identification tag is characterized in that a radio frequency signal input port is a metal film structure manufactured on a high-frequency substrate, a surface acoustic wave filter, a high-frequency switch in a high-frequency switch circuit, a high-frequency capacitor and a high-frequency inductor, a radio frequency rectifier, a digital encoder, a digital decoder, a monostable trigger in a control level holding circuit and a phase inverter are all installed on the same high-frequency substrate and are connected through a metal film wire and a metal through hole which are manufactured on the high-frequency substrate
As a further limitation of the present invention, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing a radio frequency signal input port, a metal film radio frequency signal wire, a metal film radio frequency grounding wire and a radio frequency grounding metal surface which are used for connecting a surface acoustic wave filter, a high-frequency switch, a high-frequency capacitor, a high-frequency inductor and a radio frequency rectifier on the top surface of a high-frequency substrate, and manufacturing bonding pads for mounting the devices at two ends of each radio frequency wire;
2) manufacturing a metal film direct current signal wire, a metal film direct current power wire, a metal film direct current grounding wire and a direct current grounding metal surface which are used for connecting a digital encoder, a digital decoder, a monostable trigger, an input inverter and an output inverter on the back of a high-frequency substrate, and manufacturing bonding pads for mounting each device at two ends of each direct current wire;
3) manufacturing metal through holes at the designated positions of the high-frequency substrate, and connecting corresponding direct-current signal wires, direct-current power wires, direct-current grounding wires and direct-current grounding metal surfaces as well as metal film radio-frequency grounding wires and radio-frequency grounding metal surfaces on the top surface and the bottom surface of the high-frequency substrate;
4) a surface acoustic wave filter, a high-frequency switch, a high-frequency capacitor, a high-frequency inductor and a radio frequency rectifier are arranged at specified positions on the top surface of the high-frequency substrate, and a digital encoder, a digital decoder, a monostable trigger, an input inverter and an output inverter are arranged at specified positions on the bottom surface of the high-frequency substrate.
An application method of a radio frequency identification tag rear end coding assembly comprises the following steps:
1) the radio frequency signal input end of the radio frequency signal input port is externally connected with a radio frequency signal receiving antenna for receiving radio frequency identification signals, the code output port of the digital encoder is externally connected with a digital display device for outputting digital codes, and the digital encoder is externally connected with a direct current power supply through a direct current power supply line and a direct current grounding wire;
2) identifying the corresponding radio frequency identification tag or the attached identification object according to the digital code displayed by the digital display device;
3) when needed, the code output port of the digital encoder is externally connected with digital application systems such as a digital signal processor, a digital signal memory, a digital controller and the like, and the output codes of the radio frequency identification signals are processed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the assembly and the method are used for carrying out rear-end coding on the radio frequency identification tags, the radio frequency identification tags attached to different identification objects only need to send radio frequency identification signals with different frequencies, the radio frequency identification signals with specific frequencies enter each surface acoustic wave filter through a radio frequency signal input port and are output from the output end of the surface acoustic wave filter with the same frequency as the radio frequency identification signals, a radio frequency rectifier connected behind the radio frequency rectifier carries out direct current on the input radio frequency signal current and outputs a direct current level, and then a digital encoder encodes the direct current level to generate digital codes for identifying the corresponding radio frequency identification tags. Meanwhile, the generated digital code generates a low level signal which is kept for a certain time through a decoder and a control level holding circuit, and a radio frequency signal coding branch which finishes coding is turned off, so that the coding conflict of a plurality of radio frequency identification tags which exist in an identification area at the same time is prevented;
compared with the existing coding identification method of the radio frequency identification label, the radio frequency identification label rear-end coding and anti-collision structure and the method have the advantages that:
the technical requirement on the radio frequency identification tag is low, the cost is low, and the power consumption is low; the radio frequency identification label corresponding to the radio frequency identification label rear end coding structure and the method of the invention only needs to transmit the radio frequency signal with specific frequency without storing the target object code appointed in advance, and carries out rear end coding at the receiving end, and the radio frequency identification label attached to the target object does not need to contain a code storage element and a processing circuit;
the safety coefficient is high, and the anti-interference capability is strong; the rear-end coding structure and the rear-end coding method of the radio frequency identification tag adopt the most basic frequency division multiple access coding mode, radio frequency identification signals transmitted between the tag and a receiving end are distinguished only by frequency, codes for identifying target objects are not superposed on the radio frequency identification signals, and coding distortion, loss or stealing caused by electromagnetic interference of the environment can be avoided;
the anti-collision performance of the multi-label system is good; the invention utilizes the prior coding function of the digital encoder to sequentially code a plurality of input radio frequency signals, simultaneously adopts a self-feedback structure to control the input of each radio frequency signal, belongs to a hardware anti-collision mechanism, avoids the repeated inquiry, screening and confirmation of an identification object by adopting a coding anti-collision algorithm or a model, and has high processing speed and high reliability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the high frequency switch circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control level holding circuit according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a metal film lead structure on the top surface of the substrate and a component mounting position in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a substrate bottom surface metal film lead structure and a component mounting position in an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1 radio frequency signal input port, 11 radio frequency signal input port, 12 radio frequency signal output port, 2 surface acoustic wave filter, 21 surface acoustic wave filter signal input port, 22 surface acoustic wave filter signal output port, 3 high frequency switch circuit, 31 high frequency switch, 311 high frequency switch positive pole, 312 high frequency switch negative pole, 32 first high frequency capacitor, 33 second high frequency capacitor, 34 first high frequency inductor, 35 second high frequency inductor, 36 high frequency switch circuit radio frequency input port, 37 high frequency switch circuit radio frequency output port, 38 high frequency switch circuit control level input port, 4 radio frequency rectifier, 41 radio frequency rectifier radio frequency current input port, 42 radio frequency rectifier direct current level output port, 5 digital encoder, 51 digital encoder encoding level input port, 52 digital encoder encoding bit output port, 53 digital encoder encoding output port, 6 digital decoder, 2 digital encoder, 3 high frequency switch circuit, high frequency switch circuit control level input port, 4 radio frequency rectifier direct current input port, 41 radio frequency rectifier direct current level output port, 42 radio frequency rectifier direct current level output port, 5 digital encoder, digital encoder encoding level input port, 51 digital encoder encoding bit input port, 52 digital encoder encoding bit output port, digital encoder output port, digital encoder, and electronic switch, digital encoder, and electronic switch, and electronic device, The circuit comprises a 61 digital decoder coding bit input end, a 62 digital decoder decoding level output end, a 7 control level holding circuit, a 71 monostable trigger, a 711 charge-discharge branch circuit resistor, a 712 charge-discharge branch circuit capacitor, a 72 input inverter, a 73 output inverter, a 74 control level holding circuit input end, a 75 control level holding circuit output end, an 8 high-frequency substrate, a 81 metal film radio frequency signal line, a 82 metal film radio frequency grounding line, a 83 radio frequency grounding metal surface, a 84 metal film direct current signal line, an 85 metal film direct current power supply line, a 86 metal film direct current grounding line, a 87 direct current grounding metal surface, 88 bonding pads and 89 metal through holes.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a rear-end encoding assembly of a radio frequency identification tag includes a radio frequency signal input port 1, 8 surface acoustic wave filters with different center frequencies 2, 8 high- frequency switch circuits 3, 8 radio frequency rectifiers 4, a digital encoder 5, a digital decoder 6, and 8 control level holding circuits, wherein the digital encoder 5 outputs 3-bit digital encoding signals for encoding the radio frequency identification signals of 8 radio frequency identification tags;
the radio frequency signal input port is of a general branch structure and comprises 1 radio frequency signal input end 11 and 8 radio frequency signal output ends 12;
the high-frequency switch circuit 3 comprises a high-frequency switch 31, a first high-frequency capacitor 32 connected in series with the positive pole of the high-frequency switch, a second high-frequency capacitor 33 connected in series with the negative pole of the high-frequency switch, a first high-frequency inductor 34 connected in parallel with the positive pole of the high-frequency switch and a second high-frequency inductor 35 connected in parallel with the negative pole of the high-frequency switch, wherein the outer end of the first high-frequency capacitor connected in series with the positive pole of the high-frequency switch is the radio-frequency input end of the high-frequency switch circuit, the outer end of the second high-frequency capacitor connected in series with the negative pole of the high-frequency switch is the radio-frequency output end of the high-frequency switch circuit, the outer end of the first high-frequency inductor connected in parallel with the positive pole of the high-frequency switch is the control level input end of the high-frequency switch circuit, and the outer end of the second high-frequency inductor connected in parallel with the negative pole of the high-frequency switch is in direct current grounding;
the radio frequency signal input end of the radio frequency signal input port is used for being externally connected with a radio frequency signal receiving antenna;
1 radio frequency signal output end of the radio frequency signal input port is sequentially connected with one of 1 surface acoustic wave filter, 1 high-frequency switch circuit, 1 radio frequency rectifier and a coding level input end 51 of a digital encoder 5 to form 1 radio frequency signal coding branch;
in the radio frequency signal coding branch, a radio frequency signal output end of a radio frequency signal input port is connected with a signal input end 21 of a surface acoustic wave filter 2, a signal output end 22 of the surface acoustic wave filter is connected with a radio frequency input end 36 of a high-frequency switch circuit 3, a radio frequency output end 37 of the high-frequency switch circuit is connected with a radio frequency current input end 41 of a radio frequency rectifier 4, and a direct current level output end 42 of the radio frequency rectifier is connected with one of coding level input ends of a digital coder;
the 3 encoding outputs 53 of the digital encoder 5 are used to output a set of 3-bit encoded signals;
3 coding bit input ends 61 of the digital decoder 6 are correspondingly connected with 3 coding bit output ends 52 of the digital encoder, and 1 decoding level output end 62 of the digital decoder 6 is sequentially connected with 1 control level holding circuit 7 and the control level input end 38 of 1 high-frequency switch circuit to form a high-frequency switch control branch;
the control level holding circuit 7 comprises a monostable trigger 71, 1 or more input inverters 72 connected in series to the input end of the monostable trigger as required, and 1 or more output inverters 73 connected in series to the output end of the monostable trigger as required, wherein the input end of the monostable trigger or the outer end of the input inverter connected in series is the input end 74 of the control level holding circuit, and the output end of the monostable trigger or the outer end of the output inverter connected in series is the output end 75 of the control level holding circuit;
in the high-frequency switch control branch circuit, a decoding level output end of a digital decoder is connected with an input end of a control level holding circuit, and an output end of the control level holding circuit is connected with a control level input end of a high-frequency switch circuit;
the first high-frequency inductor connected in parallel to the positive pole of the high-frequency switch is used for blocking a high-frequency signal in the radio-frequency signal coding branch circuit from entering the control level holding circuit, and the second high-frequency inductor connected in parallel to the negative pole of the high-frequency switch is used for blocking the alternating current grounding of the high-frequency switch when the negative pole of the high-frequency switch is in direct current grounding;
the low level holding time of each control level holding circuit is determined by the time constant of the RC charge-discharge branch of the monostable trigger, and the low level holding time of each control level holding circuit is set by setting the resistance value of the charge-discharge branch resistor 711 and the capacitance value of the charge-discharge branch capacitor 712 of the RC charge-discharge branch in each monostable trigger, so that when a digital encoder encodes the direct current level applied to one of the lower-priority encoding level input ends, all the radio frequency signal encoding branches where the higher-priority encoding level input ends are located are kept in an off state, and the radio frequency identification signals transmitted by all the radio frequency identification tags in an identification area can be encoded one by the rear-end encoding component of the radio frequency identification tag;
when needed, the input inverters are connected in series with the input end of the monostable trigger and used for ensuring that a trigger signal with an effective falling edge is provided for the input end of the monostable trigger and improving the output impedance and the load capacity of the digital decoder; and the one or more output inverters which are connected in series with the output end of the monostable trigger when needed are used for ensuring that the output end of the control level holding circuit outputs the required effective low-level signal and improving the output impedance and the load capacity of the control level holding circuit.
Example 2
A method for manufacturing a rear end coding assembly of a radio frequency identification tag comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 4, a conventional printed board process is adopted, a radio frequency signal input port 1 and a metal film radio frequency signal line 81, a metal film radio frequency grounding line 82 and a radio frequency grounding metal surface 83 for connecting a surface acoustic wave filter 2, a high frequency switch diode 31, a first high frequency capacitor 32, a second high frequency capacitor 33, a first high frequency inductor 34, a second high frequency inductor 35 and a radio frequency rectifier 4 are manufactured on the top surface of an FR-4 double-sided copper-coated high frequency dielectric substrate 8, and pads 88 for mounting the devices are manufactured at two ends of each radio frequency wire;
secondly, as shown in FIG. 5, a metal film direct current signal wire 84, a metal film direct current power wire 85, a metal film direct current grounding wire 86 and a direct current grounding metal surface 87 which are used for connecting the digital encoder 5, the digital decoder 6, the monostable trigger 71, the necessary input inverter 72 and the necessary output inverter 73 are manufactured on the bottom surface of the FR-4 double-sided copper-coated high-frequency dielectric substrate 8, and pads 88 used for mounting the devices are manufactured at two ends of each direct current lead;
thirdly, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, by adopting a conventional printed board manufacturing process, manufacturing a direct current lead and a direct current grounding metal surface which are connected with the top surface and the bottom surface of the high-frequency substrate and a metal via hole 89 which is connected with the corresponding radio frequency lead and the radio frequency grounding metal surface at a designated position on the high-frequency substrate 8;
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, a surface acoustic wave filter 2, a high-frequency switching diode 3, a first high-frequency capacitor 32, a second high-frequency capacitor 33, a first high-frequency inductor 34, a second high-frequency inductor 35, and a radio frequency rectifier 4 are mounted on the top surface of the high-frequency substrate 8;
fifthly, as shown in fig. 5, a digital encoder 5, a digital decoder 6, a monostable flip-flop 71, an optional input inverter 72, and an optional output inverter 73 are mounted on the bottom surface of the high-frequency substrate 8;
the surface acoustic wave filter 2 adopts a high-stopband low-insertion-loss narrow-band surface acoustic wave filter;
and the high-frequency switch 31 employs a high-frequency PIN switching diode;
the radio frequency rectifier 4 is a conventional radio frequency label radio frequency rectifier;
advantageously, said digital encoder 5 is an integrated N-line-N line-first encoder, comprising N encoding level inputs 51 and N encoding bit outputs 52, said N, N being a positive integer and having N =2^ N, in this embodiment N =8 and N = 3;
the digital decoder 6 adopts an integrated N-line-N-line decoder, and comprises N encoding bit input terminals 61 and N low-level effective decoding level output terminals 62, wherein N, N is a positive integer and has N =2^ N, in the embodiment, N =8 and N = 3;
the monostable trigger 71 adopts an integrated monostable trigger or an integrated timer, and is externally connected with a charge-discharge resistor 711 and a charge-discharge capacitor 712 to form an RC charge-discharge branch circuit;
the input inverter 72 and the output inverter 73 adopt an integrated inverter, which comprises a plurality of inverter units;
the high-frequency substrate 8 adopts an FR-4 double-sided copper-coated high-frequency dielectric substrate or a Rogers high-frequency double-sided gold-plated ceramic substrate.
Example 3
An application method of a rear-end coding assembly of a radio frequency identification tag comprises the following steps during application:
in the rear-end coding assembly of the radio frequency identification tag shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, a radio frequency signal input port 1 is externally connected with a radio frequency signal receiving antenna for receiving a radio frequency identification signal, a coding output port 53 is externally connected with a digital display device for outputting digital codes, and is externally connected with a direct current power supply through a metal film direct current power supply line 85 and a metal film direct current grounding line 86;
reading the output digital code through the digital display device, and identifying the corresponding radio frequency identification tag or the identification object attached to the radio frequency identification tag;
when the radio frequency identification tag is needed, the code output port 53 of the digital encoder 5 is externally connected with digital application systems such as a digital signal processor, a digital signal memory, a digital controller and the like, and the output codes corresponding to the radio frequency identification tags are processed.
Example 4
The specific steps for realizing the rear-end coding of the radio frequency identification tag by utilizing the structure are as follows:
the metal film direct-current power line 85 and the metal film direct-current grounding line 86 are externally connected with a direct-current power supply;
the radio frequency signal input end 11 of the radio frequency signal input port 1 is externally connected with a radio frequency signal receiving antenna for receiving radio frequency identification signals sent by the radio frequency identification tag;
identifying and coding the input radio frequency identification signals in sequence;
the code output port 53 of the digital encoder 5 is externally connected with a digital display device for displaying the output code, or externally connected with a digital storage device for storing the output code, or externally connected with a digital processing device for processing the output code.
Example 5
The self-feedback anti-collision method in the process of realizing the rear-end coding of the radio frequency identification tag by using the structure comprises the following specific steps:
taking the example that 8 rfid tags exist in the identification area at the same time, in the rfid tag backend encoding assembly shown in fig. 1:
firstly, an external radio frequency signal receiving antenna receives 8 radio frequency identification signals simultaneously, the radio frequency identification signals are applied to each radio frequency signal coding branch path through a radio frequency signal input port 1, and finally, high-level effective direct current levels are applied to 8 coding level input ends 51 of a digital coder 5 simultaneously;
secondly, the digital encoder 5 firstly encodes the direct current level applied to the encoding level input terminal 51 with the highest priority and outputs a group of 3-bit digital codes corresponding to one of 8 radio frequency identification tags;
inputting the digital codes into each code bit input end 61 of the digital decoder 6 at the same time, and outputting a low level signal from only one decoding level output end corresponding to the input digital codes in each decoding level output end 62 of the digital decoder;
fourth, the low-level signal is applied to the corresponding high-frequency switch circuit 3 through the corresponding high-frequency switch control branch and is kept for a certain time, so that the high-frequency switch 31 in the high-frequency switch circuit 3 is turned off, the radio-frequency signal coding branch where the high-frequency switch 31 is located is turned off, and the direct-current level applied to the coding level input end 51 corresponding to the digital encoder 5 is removed;
the digital encoder 5 encodes the direct current level applied to the encoding level input end 51 with the highest priority and outputs the digital code of the second 8 radio frequency identification tags;
sixthly, the encoding is carried out until all the radio frequency identification signals received by the radio frequency signal input port 1 are encoded one by one, and the digital codes of 8 radio frequency identification tags are output in sequence.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features without creative efforts based on the disclosed technical contents, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A rear-end coding assembly of a radio frequency identification tag is characterized by comprising a radio frequency signal input port, a plurality of surface acoustic wave filters with different central frequencies, a plurality of high-frequency switch circuits, a plurality of radio frequency rectifiers, a digital encoder, a digital decoder and a plurality of control level holding circuits;
the radio frequency signal input port is of a general branch structure and comprises 1 radio frequency signal input end and a plurality of radio frequency signal output ends;
the high-frequency switch circuit comprises a high-frequency switch, a first high-frequency capacitor connected to the positive pole of the high-frequency switch in series, a second high-frequency capacitor connected to the negative pole of the high-frequency switch in series, a first high-frequency inductor connected to the positive pole of the high-frequency switch in parallel and a second high-frequency inductor connected to the negative pole of the high-frequency switch in parallel, wherein the outer end of the first high-frequency capacitor connected to the positive pole of the high-frequency switch in series is a radio-frequency input end of the high-frequency switch circuit, the outer end of the second high-frequency capacitor connected to the negative pole of the high-frequency switch in series is a radio-frequency output end of the high-frequency switch circuit, the outer end of the first high-frequency inductor connected to the positive pole of the high-frequency switch in parallel is a control level input end of the high-frequency switch circuit, and the outer end of the second high-frequency inductor connected to the negative pole of the high-frequency switch in parallel is in direct current grounding; the first high-frequency capacitor and the second high-frequency capacitor which are connected in series with two ends of the high-frequency switch are used for blocking a direct current level input by the control level holding circuit from entering a radio-frequency signal input port, a surface acoustic wave filter and a radio-frequency rectifier part in a radio-frequency signal coding branch circuit, the first high-frequency inductor which is connected to the positive electrode of the high-frequency switch in parallel is used for blocking a high-frequency signal in the radio-frequency signal coding branch circuit from entering the control level holding circuit, and the second high-frequency inductor which is connected to the negative electrode of the high-frequency switch in parallel is used for blocking the alternating current grounding of the high-frequency switch when the negative electrode of the high-frequency switch is in direct current grounding;
the radio frequency signal input end of the radio frequency signal input port is used for being externally connected with a radio frequency signal receiving antenna;
1 radio frequency signal output end of the radio frequency signal input port is sequentially connected with one of the coding level input ends of the 1 surface acoustic wave filter, the 1 high-frequency switch circuit, the 1 radio frequency rectifier and the digital encoder to form 1 radio frequency signal coding branch;
in the radio frequency signal coding branch, a radio frequency signal output end of a radio frequency signal input port is connected with a signal input end of a surface acoustic wave filter, a signal output end of the surface acoustic wave filter is connected with a radio frequency input end of a high-frequency switch circuit, a radio frequency output end of the high-frequency switch circuit is connected with a radio frequency current input end of a radio frequency rectifier, and a direct current level output end of the radio frequency rectifier is connected with one of coding level input ends of a digital coder;
each coded bit output end of the digital coder is used for outputting a group of coded signals;
each coding bit input end of the digital decoder is correspondingly connected with each coding bit output end of the digital encoder, and 1 decoding level output end of the digital decoder is sequentially connected with 1 control level holding circuit and 1 control level input end of the high-frequency switch circuit to form a high-frequency switch control branch;
the control level holding circuit comprises a monostable trigger, the input end of the monostable trigger is the input end of the control level holding circuit, and the output end of the monostable trigger is the output end of the control level holding circuit;
in the high-frequency switch control branch circuit, a decoding level output end of a digital decoder is connected with an input end of a control level holding circuit, and an output end of the control level holding circuit is connected with a control level input end of a high-frequency switch circuit.
2. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the low level holding time of each control level holding circuit is determined by the time constant of the RC charging and discharging branch of the one-shot flip-flop, and the low level holding time of each control level holding circuit is set by setting the resistance of the charging and discharging branch resistor and the capacitance of the charging and discharging branch capacitor of the RC charging and discharging branch of each one-shot flip-flop, so that when the digital encoder encodes the dc level applied to one of the lower priority encoding level input terminals, all the rf signal encoding branches where the higher priority encoding level input terminals are located are kept in an off state, thereby enabling the rf tag back-end encoding assembly to encode the rf identification signals transmitted by all the rf tags in the identification area one by one.
3. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising 1 or more input inverters connected in series to the input of the monostable flip-flop and 1 or more output inverters connected in series to the output of the monostable flip-flop, wherein the 1 or more input inverters connected in series to the input of the monostable flip-flop ensure that the trigger signal effective for the falling edge is provided to the input of the monostable flip-flop and the output impedance and the load capability of the digital decoder are improved; the 1 or more output inverters connected in series with the output end of the monostable trigger are used for ensuring that the output end of the control level holding circuit outputs a required effective low level signal and improving the output impedance and the load capacity of the control level holding circuit.
4. A method of implementing back-end encoding of a radio frequency identification tag using the assembly of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
for a radio frequency identification tag existing in an identification area, a radio frequency identification signal with preset frequency emitted by the radio frequency identification tag enters the signal input end of each surface acoustic wave filter through an external radio frequency signal receiving antenna and a radio frequency signal input port;
only one surface acoustic wave filter with the center frequency same as the frequency of the input radio frequency identification signal in each surface acoustic wave filter outputs a corresponding radio frequency signal, and corresponding radio frequency signal current is input to a corresponding radio frequency rectifier through a high-frequency switch circuit in a radio frequency signal coding branch;
the radio frequency rectifier rectifies the input radio frequency signal current, and a high-level effective direct current level is output by a direct current level output end of the radio frequency rectifier;
the DC level is input as a coding level to a corresponding coding level input terminal of the digital encoder, and a coding bit output port of the digital encoder correspondingly outputs a set of digital coding signals corresponding to the input RFID signal.
5. A method for implementing self-feedback anti-collision in the process of back-end coding of a radio frequency identification tag, using the assembly of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
if a plurality of radio frequency identification tags exist in the identification area at the same time, radio frequency identification signals with different frequencies emitted by the radio frequency identification tags enter the signal input end of each surface acoustic wave filter through an external radio frequency signal receiving antenna and a radio frequency signal input port;
each surface acoustic wave filter respectively outputs a radio frequency signal with the same central frequency as the surface acoustic wave filter, and respectively inputs corresponding radio frequency signal current to the corresponding radio frequency rectifier through the high-frequency switch circuit in the radio frequency signal coding branch circuit where the surface acoustic wave filter is located;
each radio frequency rectifier rectifies the input radio frequency signal current respectively, and a respective direct current level output end outputs a high-level effective direct current level, wherein each direct current level is used as a coding level and is correspondingly input to each coding level input end of the digital coder;
for a plurality of direct current levels simultaneously applied to a plurality of coding level input ends of the digital encoder, the digital encoder only encodes the direct current level applied to the coding level input end with the highest priority, namely the digital encoder only outputs a group of digital codes corresponding to the radio frequency identification signals input by the radio frequency signal coding branch where the coding level input end is located;
the digital codes are simultaneously input into each coding bit input end of the digital decoder, only one decoding level output end corresponding to the input digital codes in each decoding level output end of the digital decoder outputs a low-level effective decoding level signal, namely a falling edge effective trigger signal is applied to a monostable trigger input end in a control level holding circuit connected behind the decoding level effective decoding level signal, so that the control level holding circuit outputs the required low-level signal and holds the low-level signal for a preset time;
the low level signal is applied to a control level input end of a high frequency switch circuit in a corresponding radio frequency signal coding branch circuit, namely, the control level input end is applied to the positive pole of the high frequency switch in the high frequency switch circuit, so that the high frequency switch is cut off, the radio frequency signal coding branch circuit where the high frequency switch is located is switched off, no direct current level is input to the corresponding coding level input end, and then the digital coder codes the direct current level applied to the coding level input end with the next higher priority level until all the radio frequency identification signals received by the radio frequency signal input port are coded one by one.
6. The method for manufacturing the rear-end encoding assembly of the radio frequency identification tag as claimed in claim 3, wherein the radio frequency signal input port is a metal film structure manufactured on a high frequency substrate, and the surface acoustic wave filter, the high frequency switch, the high frequency capacitor and the high frequency inductor in the high frequency switch circuit, the radio frequency rectifier, the digital encoder, the digital decoder, and the monostable flip-flop and the inverter in the control level holding circuit are all mounted on the same high frequency substrate and connected by a metal film wire and a metal via hole manufactured on the high frequency substrate.
7. The method of manufacturing of claim 6, comprising the steps of:
1) manufacturing a radio frequency signal input port, a metal film radio frequency signal wire, a metal film radio frequency grounding wire and a radio frequency grounding metal surface which are used for connecting a surface acoustic wave filter, a high-frequency switch, a high-frequency capacitor, a high-frequency inductor and a radio frequency rectifier on the top surface of a high-frequency substrate, and manufacturing bonding pads for mounting the devices at two ends of each radio frequency wire;
2) manufacturing a metal film direct current signal wire, a metal film direct current power wire, a metal film direct current grounding wire and a direct current grounding metal surface which are used for connecting a digital encoder, a digital decoder, a monostable trigger, an input inverter and an output inverter on the back of a high-frequency substrate, and manufacturing bonding pads for mounting the devices at two ends of each direct current wire;
3) manufacturing metal through holes at the designated positions of the high-frequency substrate, and connecting corresponding direct-current signal wires, direct-current power wires, direct-current grounding wires and direct-current grounding metal surfaces as well as metal film radio-frequency grounding wires and radio-frequency grounding metal surfaces on the top surface and the bottom surface of the high-frequency substrate;
4) a surface acoustic wave filter, a high-frequency switch, a high-frequency capacitor, a high-frequency inductor and a radio frequency rectifier are arranged at specified positions on the top surface of the high-frequency substrate, and a digital encoder, a digital decoder, a monostable trigger, an input inverter and an output inverter are arranged at specified positions on the bottom surface of the high-frequency substrate.
8. A method for applying a back-end encoding assembly of a radio frequency identification tag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
1) the radio frequency signal input end of the radio frequency signal input port is externally connected with a radio frequency signal receiving antenna for receiving radio frequency identification signals, the code output port of the digital encoder is externally connected with a digital display device for outputting digital codes, and the digital encoder is externally connected with a direct current power supply through a direct current power supply line and a direct current grounding wire;
2) and identifying the corresponding radio frequency identification tag or the identification object attached to the radio frequency identification tag according to the digital code displayed by the digital display device.
9. The method for applying the rear-end encoding assembly of the radio frequency identification tag as claimed in claim 8, further comprising the step 3) of processing the output code corresponding to each radio frequency identification signal by externally connecting a digital signal processor, a digital signal memory or a digital controller to the encoding output port of the digital encoder.
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| CN101690368A (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2010-03-31 | 蔚蓝公司 | Wireless transceiver with reduced transit emissions |
| CN102402673A (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-04-04 | 深圳兆日科技股份有限公司 | Radio frequency tag distinguishing method and device |
| CN102404881A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-04-04 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Dual-mode radio frequency transceiver, filtering device and dual-mode terminal |
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| CN101690368A (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2010-03-31 | 蔚蓝公司 | Wireless transceiver with reduced transit emissions |
| CN102402673A (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-04-04 | 深圳兆日科技股份有限公司 | Radio frequency tag distinguishing method and device |
| CN102404881A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-04-04 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Dual-mode radio frequency transceiver, filtering device and dual-mode terminal |
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