CN110284886A - Deep shaft wall ruptures security method - Google Patents

Deep shaft wall ruptures security method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110284886A
CN110284886A CN201910570803.3A CN201910570803A CN110284886A CN 110284886 A CN110284886 A CN 110284886A CN 201910570803 A CN201910570803 A CN 201910570803A CN 110284886 A CN110284886 A CN 110284886A
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pit shaft
water
shaft
borehole wall
emergency
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CN110284886B (en
Inventor
李伟
李先峰
徐栓祥
陈强
吕伟魁
赵超
闫理威
刘成
郭航
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SHANDONG XINJULONG ENERGY CO Ltd
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SHANDONG XINJULONG ENERGY CO Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D5/00—Lining shafts; Linings therefor
    • E21D5/04—Lining shafts; Linings therefor with brick, concrete, stone, or similar building materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D5/00—Lining shafts; Linings therefor
    • E21D5/11—Lining shafts; Linings therefor with combinations of different materials, e.g. wood, metal, concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D5/00—Lining shafts; Linings therefor
    • E21D5/12—Accessories for making shaft linings, e.g. suspended cradles, shutterings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D7/00—Shaft equipment, e.g. timbering within the shaft
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
    • G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
    • G01C5/04—Hydrostatic levelling, i.e. by flexibly interconnected liquid containers at separated points
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01K13/10—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature within piled or stacked materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
    • G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of deep shaft walls to rupture security method, specifically include five big measures, first is that monthly carrying out once safety Synthetical prevention assessment to pit shaft, the position head that the discovery borehole wall falls off in time, the possible water outlet status of assessment pit shaft: second is that the borehole wall is taken to mend solid, wall clearance grouting filling and three kinds of reinforcing means of periphery water-bearing layer grouting and reinforcing, overcome water outlet hidden danger, reinforces pit shaft and fall off position: third is that in advance in shaft equipment resistance-type and fiber Bragg grating type strain in shaft lining and temperature monitoring system；Fourth is that installing emergency service in advance；Fifth is that using some measures when emergency condition occurs.Prevention and control system of the invention is the huge thick alluvium Deep vertical shaft pit shaft of the overwhelming majority, provides safe and reliable working environment, improves the life security of staff, provides good basis for pit shaft security system in the future.

Description

Deep shaft wall ruptures security method
Technical field
The invention belongs to mine safety prevention and control fields, especially Deep vertical shaft shaft wall fracture security method
Background technique
In order to further speed up huge thick alluvium Deep vertical shaft pit shaft security system standardization, construction, in various coals Carry out shaft of vertical well security System Construction in mine cylinder, carry out pool cloth safely to pit shaft and build, normally makes in guarantee pit shaft With while, in order to save Company capital investment, ensure the safety of field personnel, pass through and carry out huge thick alluvium km Link company and relevant enterprise of the mode of shaft of vertical well security system critical function participates in, i.e., with high safety to shaft of vertical well Reliably, economical and practical security system.Wish taking into account by the implementation energetically to this security system importance Under the premise of company interest and worker safety's property, the safety of very high shaft of vertical well is finally reached the situation of win-win progress.
Before coal production power development level is being continuously improved, and the safety of pit shaft is safety of coal mines operation and efficiently produces It mentions, safe and reliable prevention and control system is had in the safety during all work in order to ensure pit shaft.It will in existing patent Security system is divided into several aspects, first is that whether equipment is proper use of, prevents the wrong use of equipment from safety being caused to be asked Topic, second is that inspecting periodically whether instrument damages, third is that pit shaft monitoring system is improved, fourth is that sound emergency measure etc..These are arranged Applying all is measure that management aspect is taken, and with the development of safety of coal mines technology, current management measure is had been unable to meet currently The safety in production demand of coal mine needs to provide safety measure in terms of the hierarchy of skill.
Summary of the invention
In order to meet the safety in production demand of coal mine, a safer working environment is provided for pit shaft, the present invention will Management becames one with technology, forms the deep shaft wall rupture security method of science.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of depth shaft wall rupture security method, which is characterized in that it includes following measures:
First: monthly carrying out once safety Synthetical prevention assessment to pit shaft, find the position head that the borehole wall falls off, assessment in time The possible water outlet status of pit shaft:
Second: taking the borehole wall to mend solid, wall clearance grouting filling and three kinds of reinforcing means of periphery water-bearing layer grouting and reinforcing, overcome out Water hidden danger reinforces pit shaft and falls off position:
2.1: the borehole wall is carried out using " the cleaning borehole wall+anchor pole+steel mesh+gunite concrete " scheme and is mended admittedly:
(1) borehole wall dusting section can be fully cleaned, the attachment of borehole wall surface is cleaned out；
(2) it is reinforced by the way of the full anchor of high-strength threaded anchor rod in the borehole wall dusting section cleaned out, it is desirable that anchor Array pitch is 1m × 1m between bar, and array pitch is designed as 1.0m between anchor bolt construction, and anchor pole torque is not less than 80Nm, and anchor force is not less than 20KN；Steel mesh gunite is hung on the anchor pole head of exposing later；
2.2: filling is reinforced to eliminate borehole wall water outlet hidden danger carrying out wall to pit shaft topsoil；
First is that wall clearance grouting range is -582m depth segment under fore shaft；Second is that being infused again when necessary using upward grouting；Three It is that grouting pressure, slip casting hole depth, orifice tube are installed etc. and should meet current design criteria, specification regulation；Fourth is that injecting paste material is with cement Based on slurry, cement-sodium silicate double liquid is used when necessary；Fifth is that wall clearance grouting section inflow of water and concentrate EXIT POINT water, Grouting quality meets related current specifications requirement；
2.3: grouting and reinforcing is carried out to pit shaft periphery water-bearing layer
It is required that using cement-pulverized fuel ash slurry, terminate the standard of slip casting are as follows:
(1) single section height terminates the standard of slip casting: when the high grouting amount of section reaches the 80%-120% of design flow, and final grouting pressure When up to design value and stablizing 10min；
(2) single hole terminates the standard of slip casting: single hole grouting amount reaches 80% of design flow or more, and reaches design final pressure；
(3) the final ending standard of Grouting engineering are as follows: total grouting amount reaches the vertical sensor of 80% or more or the borehole wall of design flow Strain value averagely improve and touch early warning value or earth's surface Uplifting amount early warning value；
Third: equipment pit shaft five monitoring system greatly specifically includes:
3.1: equipment resistance-type and fiber Bragg grating type strain in shaft lining and temperature monitoring system
It is required that 15 monitor layers of setting, monitoring position is concentrated mainly on aquifer sand layer, passes through setting resistance-type and optical fiber light Grating cross monitoring layer forms complementary monitoring system, grasp coal mining activity and the sedimentation of soil layer to pit shaft by Power deformation state and temperature conditions provide important foundation data for sidewall safety judgement；
3.2: equipment pit shaft periphery topsoil basal water water level monitoring system
It has constructed 7 water-level observation holes in different depth layer of sand subregion, layering position, the automatic hydrology prison of 7 KJ402 is installed Substation is surveyed, the real-time monitoring of pit shaft periphery topsoil difference layer of sand water level, temperature is realized, assesses pit shaft safe condition in real time；
3.3: the wide deformation monitoring system of high-precision work
The wide deformation monitoring system of work is by high-acruracy survey robot deformation monitoring system and hydrostatic level settlement monitoring system System composition；
3.4: equipment shaft bottom water video frequency monitoring system
By network high-definition camera, video monitoring platform, shaft bottom water burst real-time remote monitoring is realized；
3.5: equipment Coal Mining Subsidence monitors the mono- base station system of CORS；
4th: installing emergency service in advance
4.1: equipping emergency management and rescue derrick in ventilating shaft
The rescues emergency services such as lift headframe, winch, stable car are installed on ground, and configure hanging scaffold, closure plate, pressure wind The facilities such as pipe, water supplying pipe, power cable, communicaton and signal cable, well-bucket, all kinds of boom hoist cables and pipe, line card；It is required that closure plate It is both designed as multi-disc package assembly with movable hanging scaffold, convenient for quickly assembling installation when accident；Closure plate is equipped with well-bucket electrically operated gate； Water supplying pipe, pressure ventilation pipe, illumination and communicaton and signal cable combine manually operated door；Steady rope manually operated door, power cable are fixed on by fixture It wherein synchronizes and goes into the well with movable hanging scaffold on a steady rope, well-bucket electrically operated gate opening and closing winch is mounted on two layer operation platform of derrick；
It is required that pressure ball derrick type selecting should meet: (1) can undertake the whole load in emergency promotion safely；(2) guarantee enough Overwind height；(3) meet construction material, the transport of equipment and sheave wheel platform, turn over the needs that the cash tablecloth is set；
4.2: emergency water blocking or sramana being installed in shaft bottom
Water blocking is installed in pit shaft junction or sramana, main purpose are to prevent pit shaft direction from carrying out sand water；
4.3: equipping Imported High-performance Pulp pump in shaft bottom
According to water yield is estimated, it is equipped with the high-performance Pulp pump of corresponding power, water containing blowout can be discharged effectively, in time, such as Henan Yuan Gongbeng industry Co., Ltd high-performance Pulp pump 4/3C-AH (R) horizontal abrasion-proof slurry pump；
4.4: laying a pipeline from nearest water source near wellbore in advance；
4.5: setting up inside and outside emergency management and rescue troop
First is that signing to the speedily carry out rescue work troop of qualification and abundant construction experience of related emergency management and rescue and the borehole wall occurs being discharged to gush The agreement of emergency repair when sand dangerous situation, specifies both sides' responsibilities and obligations, it is ensured that when dangerous situation occurs for mine, emergency team 5 is most in short-term Between reach, second is that company, which transfers some of the staff, sets up part-time slip casting troop, training is responsible for by external slip casting troop, improves slip casting team 5 personnel's professional skills；
4.6: preparing emergency pit shaft may expand filler and wellbore fillup main material；
5th: following measures are used when emergency condition occurs
5.1: when leak occurs for the borehole wall, gushing water needs slip casting, injecting paste material being transferred to lower layer's hanging scaffold by bottom discharge bucket On, implement mortar depositing construction；When shaft wall fracture, an ancient egg-shaped, holed wind instrument badly need to repair the casting concrete borehole wall, it is defeated that water supplying pipe is changed to concrete Pipe is sent, hanging scaffold working face is transported to by ground stirring, carries out borehole wall construction processing；
5.2: when pit shaft generation can not rescue gushing water, gush sand disaster, first, filler block is formed in pit shaft as early as possible；Its Secondary, second covers water outlet with filler as early as possible；Third balances the inside and outside hydraulic pressure of well as early as possible, wherein forming filler block is emphasis In emphasis, it be the key that prevent water and soil burst into underground；
5.2.1: form the method and step of filler block:
(1) filling parking lot pit shaft below horizontal
(2) ingate and its two sides tunnel are filled
The main task of stage filling is to fill top pit shaft in next step and providing skeleton basis, to reduce filler To the number of dropouts of ingate two sides, it is necessary to fill based on aniseed；
(3) pit shaft above ingate is filled
The main task of stage filling is to establish reliable drainage layer in pit shaft above the ingate；
(4) water proof material is filled
The stage main task of filling is that reliable water barrier is established in pit shaft；
5.2.2: the filling method of water outlet is covered with filler are as follows:
Spoil, rubble or sandfilling 25m high pit shaft are first used,；5m high pit shaft is filled with clay again；Then again with spoil, broken Stone or sandfilling 25m high pit shaft, then 5m high pit shaft is filled with clay, and so on, until filler is higher than borehole wall water outlet 100m More than；
5.2.3: the method for the balance inside and outside hydraulic pressure of well are as follows:
After first filler block is formed in well, so that it may fill out solid filling object into well on one side, pour water on one side into well, directly Until water level in well is flushed with the water level in water-bearing layer outside well.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows
(1) prevention and control system of the invention is the huge thick alluvium Deep vertical shaft pit shaft of the overwhelming majority, is provided safe and reliable Working environment, improve the life security of staff, provide good basis for pit shaft security system in the future.
(2) present invention has carried out preferable elaboration to security system by five parts, four part interdependences, It mutually include to improve the effect of general safety prevention and control system.It is not only interrogated and examined to entire monitoring system greatly, but also right Tiny numerical value is verified, and entire scheme has very strong preciseness.Monthly large-scale security evaluation, three kinds of reinforcing hands Section, perfect monitoring system and emergency measure provide professional monitoring and control measures all for whole sidewall safety, this The content of security system has been annotated well in four parts.
(3) first part of the invention monthly carries out primary comprehensive security evaluation by chief engineer, to each of vertical There is good control in a part, and can properly protect measure in advance.Fall off problem and the elimination that the borehole wall occurs for second part Borehole wall water outlet hidden danger proposes good reinforcing means.Part III installation five monitoring systems respectively to the strain of the borehole wall, Various information in temperature, water level, sedimentation and pit shaft play critically important effect, are core of the invention.Part IV is complete It has been apt to pit shaft emergency measure when accident occurs, has been tackled for Part V and sound assurance is provided to case of emergency.This The more existing patent of invention is all obviously improved in all fields, either on the whole or details on data processing all have Very strong advantage.
Specific embodiment
Below by the specific embodiment technical solution that the present invention will be described in detail.
Depth shaft wall rupture security method of the present invention specifically includes following measures:
First: monthly carrying out the assessment of once safety Synthetical prevention；
It is monthly organized by company chief engineer, to feelings such as five big monitoring system datas, pit shaft inspection situation, inflow of water Condition carries out comprehensive analysis, assesses pit shaft comprehensive safety situation, finds the position that the borehole wall falls off in time, assessment pit shaft may Water outlet status:
Second: taking the borehole wall to mend solid, wall clearance grouting filling and three kinds of reinforcing means of periphery water-bearing layer grouting and reinforcing, overcome out Water hidden danger reinforces pit shaft and falls off position:
2.1 boreholes wall are mended solid: inspection pit shaft discovery chip off-falling, local shedding, the dusting of borehole wall concrete and long-term corrosion, intensity Situations such as reducing, sur-face peeling is caused to fall off.The borehole wall is carried out using " the cleaning borehole wall+anchor pole+steel mesh+gunite concrete " scheme It mends solid.
(1) borehole wall dusting section can be fully cleaned, corrosion area is cleared up to fresh complete concrete layer, non-corrosive The attachment of borehole wall surface is cleaned out in region.
(2) it is the high-strength threaded anchor rod of Φ 22 × 2000 that anchor pole, which selects specification, high-strength pallet is configured, using resin anchoring agent The mode of full anchor, bolt interval are 1m × 1m, and array pitch is designed as 1.0m between anchor bolt construction, and anchor pole torque is not less than 80Nm, Anchor force is not less than 20KN；The steel mesh prepared using the reinforcing bar of diameter 6.5mm, the line space design of reinforcing bar are 100mm, mesh sheet rule 1.1 × 2.0m of lattice.
(3) supporting is carried out using CF40 gunite concrete, gunite concrete should be consistent with former borehole wall specification as far as possible, error control System is in ± 20mm.
The filling of 2.2 wall clearance groutings
In order to thoroughly eliminate borehole wall water outlet hidden danger, fills and reinforce carrying out wall to pit shaft topsoil.First is that wall clearance grouting model Enclosing is -582m depth segment under fore shaft；Second is that being infused again when necessary using upward grouting；Third is that grouting pressure, slip casting hole depth, Orifice tube, which is installed etc., should meet current design criteria, specification regulation；Fourth is that injecting paste material based on cement slurry, uses cement-when necessary Waterglass dual slurry；Fifth is that wall clearance grouting section inflow of water meets related existing rule to concentration EXIT POINT water, grouting quality Model requirement.
2.3 periphery water-bearing layer grouting and reinforcings
Comprehensive analysis pit shaft periphery water-bearing layer surface grout injection basic data: (1) hydrogeologic data (2) basal water feelings Condition (3) formation temperature (4) pit shaft periphery buildings or structures, basis and pipeline etc..It is overlapping in adjacent injected hole diffusion zone mutual Under the conditions of, it is proposed that it is appropriate to increase slip casting pitch of holes, straight hole is beaten as far as possible to realize, makes inclined hole or S directional hole less.(5) derrick base Settlement observation (6) pit shaft deviational survey data (7) borehole wall DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM of plinth and auxiliary shaft neighboring buildings.Comprehensive descision correlation slip casting Parameter.Through analyze it is essential be proposed with cement-pulverized fuel ash slurry have excellent performance, slurry material expense it is low.Terminate the mark of slip casting Quasi-: (1) single section height terminates the standard of slip casting: when the high grouting amount of section reaches the 80%-120% of design flow, and final grouting pressure is up to setting Evaluation and stablize 10min when.(2) single hole terminates the standard of slip casting: single hole grouting amount reaches 80% of design flow or more, and reaches Design final pressure.(3) the final ending standard of Grouting engineering are as follows: 80% or more or the borehole wall of total grouting amount up to design flow vertically sense The strain value of device, which averagely improves, touches early warning value or earth's surface Uplifting amount early warning value.
Third: equipment pit shaft five monitoring system greatly specifically includes；
3.1 resistance-types and fiber Bragg grating type strain in shaft lining and temperature monitoring system
It is equipped with strain in shaft lining and temperature monitoring system, 15 monitor layers (150 monitoring points) are set altogether, monitors position master Aquifer sand layer is concentrated on, by setting resistance-type and fiber Bragg grating type cross monitoring layer, forms complementary monitoring system, Coal mining activity and the sedimentation of soil layer are grasped to the force and deformation state and temperature conditions of pit shaft, is mentioned for sidewall safety judgement For important foundation data.
3.2 pit shaft periphery topsoil basal water water level monitoring systems
The case where, poor connectivity more for aquifer sand layer in huge thick alluvium, by different depth layer of sand subregion, point Layer position has been constructed 7 water-level observation holes, and the automatic hydrology Monitor Sub-Station of Less of 7 KJ402 is installed, and it is different to realize pit shaft periphery topsoil The real-time monitoring of layer of sand water level, temperature assesses pit shaft safe condition in real time.
The 3.3 wide deformation monitoring systems of high-precision work
The wide deformation monitoring system of work is by high-acruracy survey robot deformation monitoring system and hydrostatic level settlement monitoring system System composition.
(1) high-acruracy survey robot deformation monitoring system
TrimbleS9 robotic total station, monitoring of software and network, observing and controlling, mechanics of communication are comprehensively utilized, realizes vertical well Full-automatic acquisition, the transmission of the three-dimensional deformation displacement of frame and attached buildings or structures, when deformation quantity reaches early warning value, pass through Monitoring system carries out the modes early warning such as short message, sound-light alarm.
(2) hydrostatic level sedimentation monitoring system
Comprehensively utilize GNSS, hydrostatic level technology and expert's prewarning analysis system and network communication technology.Realize vertical And 0.1mm grades of Ground Settlement real time on-line monitoring and multistage early warning in special circumstances, and show dynamic and long-term settlement rule Rule, provides basic data for relation technological researching.
3.4 shaft bottom water video frequency monitoring systems
By network high-definition camera, video monitoring platform, shaft bottom water burst real-time remote monitoring is realized.
3.5 Coal Mining Subsidences monitor the mono- base station system of CORS；
The system is based on Global Satellite Navigation System technology, establishes with work widely center, one of coverage area 10-20KM In high precision, high efficiency, the information monitoring service system of high-spatial and temporal resolution.Ginseng is corrected by the spatial orientation information of real-time broadcasting Number realizes real-time and precise positioning, well accurate matching of spatial positional information etc. up and down of spatial information, to realize rover station shape Quick, the high-precision of parameter evidence obtain.It fast and accurate can obtain wide etc. the three-dimensional shaped of pit shaft periphery, shaft equipment and work Parameter evidence.
4th: installing emergency service in advance
4.1 ventilating shafts equip emergency management and rescue derrick
In advance ground install lift headframe, winch, stable car, etc. rescues emergency service, and configure hanging scaffold, sealing The facilities such as disk, pressure ventilation pipe, water supplying pipe, power cable, communicaton and signal cable, well-bucket, all kinds of boom hoist cables and pipe, line card.It answers Anxious facility does not influence mine normal production in construction period, and can come into operation in time when pit shaft needs to speedily carry out rescue work.According to peace Full production needs, and after the accidents such as shaft lining breakage, gushing water occur because of ventilating shaft, shortens pit shaft and speedily carries out rescue work time, accelerates pit shaft rescue Job schedule.Stop ventilation blower when accident treatment, removes explosion proof door, (be adjusted to pit shaft by underground air door system when needing Downcast) lifting decentralization hanging scaffold, install closure plate, lifting decentralization water supplying pipe, pressure ventilation pipe and power cable, communicaton and signal cable. After equipment is installed in place, repair personnel, tool and material are transported by well-bucket and implement repairing operation.Closure plate and movable hanging scaffold are equal It is designed as multi-disc package assembly, convenient for quickly assembling installation when accident.Closure plate is equipped with well-bucket electrically operated gate；Water supplying pipe, pressure wind Pipe, illumination and communication cable combine manually operated door；Steady rope manually operated door, power cable by fixture be fixed therein one surely restrict on Movable hanging scaffold, which synchronizes, goes into the well.Well-bucket electrically operated gate opening and closing winch is mounted on two layer operation platform of+6.0m derrick.
Derrick type selecting should meet: (1) can undertake the whole load in emergency promotion safely；(2) guarantee that enough pulleying are high Degree；(3) meet construction material, the transport of equipment and sheave wheel platform, turn over the needs that the cash tablecloth is set.
4.2 emergency water blocking (sand) doors of shaft bottom installation in advance
According to shaft station and roadway layout, the three-dimensional position relationship in each channel is sufficiently analyzed, is pacified in pit shaft junction Water blocking (sand) door is filled, main purpose is to prevent pit shaft direction from carrying out sand water.When be discharged, the pit shaft topsoil shaft lining breakage that shakes out it is tight Weight, takes that every emergency measures is invalid, when seriously threatening entire mine safety, to ensure other pit shafts and industrial sites facility Safety, closes closed installation, in advance in order to carry out emergency disposal.
4.3 equip Imported High-performance Pulp pump in shaft bottom in advance
According to water yield is estimated, it is equipped with the high-performance Pulp pump of corresponding power, water containing blowout can be discharged effectively, in time.
4.4 lay a pipeline from nearest water source near wellbore in advance；
4.5 setting up inside and outside emergency management and rescue troop in advance；First is that have related emergency management and rescue speedily carry out rescue work qualification and enrich construct The troop of experience signs the agreement that emergency repair when sand dangerous situation is gushed in borehole wall water outlet occurs, and specifies both sides' responsibilities and obligations, it is ensured that When dangerous situation occurs for mine, 5 shortest time of emergency team is reached.Second is that company, which transfers some of the staff, sets up part-time slip casting troop, by outer Slip casting troop, portion is responsible for training, improves slip casting personnel professional skill；
4.6: preparing emergency pit shaft may expand filler and wellbore fillup main material；
Wellbore fillup main material of the present invention is considered when selecting:
(1) in the case where pit shaft a large amount of water bursts, chemical filler is inevitably mixed with the water sand gushed out, and is changed The quality for learning reaction product, which will receive, to be seriously affected.
(2) if chemical material is taken to fill pit shaft, speedily carry out rescue work need when general producer quantity in stock do not reach requirement, chemistry The emergency production of material is limited with transport capacity, and the aid is too slow to be helpful.
(3) spare if purchasing chemical filler, because the material shelf-life is short, the expired failure of material is easily caused, is caused larger Economic loss.
(4) nearby there are inexpensively material abundant (spoil, clay etc.) and water source away from pit shaft, and transport issues easily solve.
(5) it backfills sandstone and recharge water method is emergency well filling common method, effect is reliable.
The optimal main material for filling pit shaft is spoil, clay and water.
Pit shaft of the present invention may expand filler and be selected from following three kinds, and specific selection determines as the case may be；
Three kinds of pit shafts may expand 3 kinds of chemical fillers that filler is Hohai University's production, specifically:
(1) FZ-G300 pit shaft dedicated high performance sealing agent
Its main performance index is as follows:
1. early strong: 70MPa can be reached up to 10MPa, final strength within 10 hours.
2. from fluidised form: after scene need to only add water and stir, directly pouring into, whole gaps can be filled by being not required to shock.
3. microdilatancy: adequately filling up crack, will not shrink, secondary crack will not be generated.
4. non-corroding acts on: endangering non-corrodings such as reinforcing bar, steel plates.
(2) FZ-S300 swellable polymer foaming agent
FZ-S300 swellable polymer foaming agent is a kind of low viscosity, bi-component synthesis high molecular material, two kinds of high scores of A, B Sub- material, which reacts when mixing and meets water, generates expansion, itself reacts or foaming generates polynary netted close elastomer, appropriate bands Water operation can be very good to fill various engineering gaps, and finished product resistance to compression is produced between 25-38MPa, while at (water mixing) after meeting water Raw association reaction, expands, and secondary osmotic pressure is generated under the action of the bulbs of pressure (expansion multiple is 20-25 times).It is quickly solid Change only needs 30s-2min, Slow curing to be adjustable to greater than 10min.There is splendid adhesive property, adhesion strength with concrete surface Greater than the intensity of itself gelinite, even if gelinite itself is destroyed, adhesive surface is still remained intact, and final strength can reach 20-30MPa。
(3) MPC filament expansion agent
MPC polymer fiber swelling agent has the function of early strong, expansion, compensates contraction and improves concrete anticracking impervious. Since tetra- kinds of components of CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SO3 form three different expansion sources, the speed of their aquations simultaneously is different, mixed During solidifying soil is formed, it is established that early stage, mid-term, later period different microdilatancy power resist concrete in forming process not Convergent force of the same period, to block the development in crack, has the function that cracking resistance so crack is difficult to further develop.
5th: when pit shaft is burst water gushes sand when take following emergency measure
5.1 when leak occurs for the borehole wall, gushing water needs slip casting, by 1.6m3Bottom discharge bucket transfers injecting paste material to lower layer On hanging scaffold, implement mortar depositing construction, when well-bucket transfers injecting paste material or repairing tool, each useful load must not exceed 1000kg；When When shaft wall fracture, an ancient egg-shaped, holed wind instrument badly need to repair the casting concrete borehole wall, water supplying pipe is changed to concrete delivery pipe, is stirred and is conveyed by ground To hanging scaffold working face, borehole wall construction processing is carried out.
5.2 when pit shaft generation can not rescue gushing water, gush sand disaster, farthest to reduce mine loss, it is necessary to answer Anxious filling pit shaft.More early to establish the inside and outside soil water pressure balance of well, loss caused by disaster is just smaller.The main points of emergency well filling are:
Firstly, filler block is formed in pit shaft as early as possible；Secondly, covering water outlet with filler as early as possible；Third balances as early as possible The inside and outside hydraulic pressure of well.Wherein, forming filler block is the emphasis in emphasis, it is the key that water and soil is prevented to burst into underground.
5.2.1 the method and step of filler block are formed:
(1) filling parking lot pit shaft below horizontal
Charges and the sand gushed out can be fallen into first in the pit shaft below horizontal of parking lot.The part can use normal sands stone material Material, such as the filling of spoil, rubble, sand, it is not necessary to use large scale material.
(2) changeover portion i.e. ingate and its two sides tunnel that filling shaft station tunnel is connect with shaft of vertical well
The main task of stage filling is to fill top pit shaft in next step and providing skeleton basis.To reduce filler To the number of dropouts of ingate two sides, it is necessary to fill based on aniseed.Filling the charges that large-scale framework material is contemplated that has:
The steel sections such as cage, boom hoist cable, waste and old truck, mine car, travelling belt, rail and plate and plank Deng, the Web materials such as steel mesh, wire netting, other large-scale framework materials.Or filling large-sized reinforced concrete prefabricated section is (using vertical Body arrangement of reinforcement cuboid armored concrete prefabricated section, single volume 1-2m3)。
Or filling coarse aggregate: to fill based on block stone or spoil, being 30 ° by natural packing angle of repose and consider, ingate two Side accumulation length has to be larger than 10m or more, considers each tunnel 30m in two sides to be filled up too conservatively, need to fill 30 × 2 × 22= 1320m3Block stone or spoil (loose volume).
(3) pit shaft above ingate is filled
The main task of stage filling is to establish reliable drainage layer in pit shaft above the ingate.
(4) water proof material is filled
The main task of stage filling is to establish in pit shaft reliably, and water barrier can be risen using the argillic horizon of 1m thickness To highly desirable impermeable role.
5.2.2 the method and step of water outlet are covered with filler
After first filler block is formed in well, the water sand gushed out can be retained in pit shaft, this is just to establish well as early as possible The inside and outside Water And Earth Pressures balance of cylinder is laid a good foundation.But to prevent filler block to be squashed destruction, also need to continue to fill pit shaft.It fills Embankment formula are as follows: first use spoil, rubble or sandfilling 25m high pit shaft；5m high pit shaft is filled with clay again；1-2 step is repeated, until filling out Material is higher than borehole wall water outlet 100m or more.
5.2.3 the method and step of the inside and outside hydraulic pressure of well are balanced
After first filler block is formed in well, so that it may fill out solid filling object into well on one side, pour water on one side into well, directly Until water level in well is flushed with the water level in water-bearing layer outside well.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of depth shaft wall ruptures security method, which is characterized in that it includes following measures:
First: monthly carrying out once safety Synthetical prevention assessment to pit shaft, find the position head that the borehole wall falls off in time, assess pit shaft Possible water outlet status:
Second: taking the borehole wall to mend solid, wall clearance grouting filling and three kinds of reinforcing means of periphery water-bearing layer grouting and reinforcing, overcome water outlet hidden Suffer from, reinforce pit shaft and fall off position:
2.1: the borehole wall is carried out using " the cleaning borehole wall+anchor pole+steel mesh+gunite concrete " scheme and is mended admittedly:
(1) borehole wall dusting section can be fully cleaned, the attachment of borehole wall surface is cleaned out；
(2) it is reinforced by the way of the full anchor of high-strength threaded anchor rod in the borehole wall dusting section cleaned out, it is desirable that between anchor pole Array pitch is 1m × 1m, and array pitch is designed as 1.0m between anchor bolt construction, and anchor pole torque is not less than 80Nm, and anchor force is not less than 20KN； Steel mesh gunite is hung on the anchor pole head of exposing later；
2.2: filling is reinforced to eliminate borehole wall water outlet hidden danger carrying out wall to pit shaft topsoil；
2.3: grouting and reinforcing is carried out to pit shaft periphery water-bearing layer
It is required that using cement-pulverized fuel ash slurry, terminate the standard of slip casting are as follows:
(1) single section height terminates the standard of slip casting: when the high grouting amount of section reaches the 80%-120% of design flow, and final grouting pressure is up to setting Evaluation and stablize 10min when；
(2) single hole terminates the standard of slip casting: single hole grouting amount reaches 80% of design flow or more, and reaches design final pressure；
(3) the final ending standard of Grouting engineering are as follows: total grouting amount reaches answering for the vertical sensor of 80% or more or the borehole wall of design flow Variate, which averagely improves, touches early warning value or earth's surface Uplifting amount early warning value；
Third: equipment pit shaft five monitoring system greatly specifically includes:
3.1: equipment resistance-type and fiber Bragg grating type strain in shaft lining and temperature monitoring system
It is required that 15 monitor layers of setting, monitoring position is concentrated mainly on aquifer sand layer, passes through setting resistance-type and fiber Bragg grating type Cross monitoring layer forms complementary monitoring system, grasps coal mining activity and the sedimentation of soil layer and becomes to the stress of pit shaft Shape state and temperature conditions provide important foundation data for sidewall safety judgement；
3.2: equipment pit shaft periphery topsoil basal water water level monitoring system
It has constructed 7 water-level observation holes in different depth layer of sand subregion, layering position, 7 automatic hydrologic monitorings of KJ402 point is installed It stands, realizes the real-time monitoring of pit shaft periphery topsoil difference layer of sand water level, temperature, assess pit shaft safe condition in real time；
3.3: the wide deformation monitoring system of high-precision work
The wide deformation monitoring system of work is by high-acruracy survey robot deformation monitoring system and hydrostatic level sedimentation monitoring system group At；
3.4: equipment shaft bottom water video frequency monitoring system
By network high-definition camera, video monitoring platform, shaft bottom water burst real-time remote monitoring is realized；
3.5: equipment Coal Mining Subsidence monitors the mono- base station system of CORS；
4th: installing emergency service in advance
4.1: equipping emergency management and rescue derrick in ventilating shaft
Lift headframe, winch, the rescues emergency service such as stable car are installed on ground, and configure hanging scaffold, closure plate, pressure ventilation pipe, The facilities such as water supplying pipe, power cable, communicaton and signal cable, well-bucket, all kinds of boom hoist cables and pipe, line card；It is required that closure plate and Movable hanging scaffold is both designed as multi-disc package assembly, convenient for quickly assembling installation when accident；Closure plate is equipped with well-bucket electrically operated gate；For Water pipe, pressure ventilation pipe, illumination and communicaton and signal cable combine manually operated door；Steady rope manually operated door, power cable are fixed on it by fixture In upper synchronized with movable hanging scaffold of steady rope go into the well, well-bucket electrically operated gate is opened and closed winch and is mounted on two layer operation platform of derrick；
It is required that pressure ball derrick type selecting should meet: (1) can undertake the whole load in emergency promotion safely；(2) enough mistakes are guaranteed Volume height；(3) meet construction material, the transport of equipment and sheave wheel platform, turn over the needs that the cash tablecloth is set；
4.2: emergency water blocking or sramana being installed in shaft bottom
Water blocking is installed in pit shaft junction or sramana, main purpose are to prevent pit shaft direction from carrying out sand water；
4.3: equipping Imported High-performance Pulp pump in shaft bottom
According to water yield is estimated, it is equipped with the high-performance Pulp pump of corresponding power, water containing blowout, such as Henan can be discharged effectively, in time Yuan Gongbeng industry Co., Ltd high-performance Pulp pump 4/3C-AH (R) horizontal abrasion-proof slurry pump；
4.4: laying a pipeline from nearest water source near wellbore in advance；
4.5: setting up inside and outside emergency management and rescue troop
First is that signing to the speedily carry out rescue work troop of qualification and abundant construction experience of related emergency management and rescue and borehole wall water outlet occurring to gush sand dangerous The agreement of emergency repair when feelings, specifies both sides' responsibilities and obligations, it is ensured that when dangerous situation occurs for mine, emergency team was arrived 5 shortest times It reaches, second is that company, which transfers some of the staff, sets up part-time slip casting troop, training is responsible for by external slip casting troop, improves slip casting people from troop Member's professional skill；
4.6: preparing emergency pit shaft may expand filler and wellbore fillup main material；
5th: following measures are used when emergency condition occurs
5.1: when leak occurs for the borehole wall, gushing water needs slip casting, transferred on injecting paste material to lower layer's hanging scaffold by bottom discharge bucket, it is real Apply mortar depositing construction；When shaft wall fracture, an ancient egg-shaped, holed wind instrument badly need to repair the casting concrete borehole wall, water supplying pipe is changed to concrete delivery pipe, Hanging scaffold working face is transported to by ground stirring, carries out borehole wall construction processing；
5.2: when pit shaft generation can not rescue gushing water, gush sand disaster, first, filler block is formed in pit shaft as early as possible；Secondly, the Two cover water outlet with filler as early as possible；Third balances the inside and outside hydraulic pressure of well as early as possible, wherein forming filler block is the weight in emphasis Point, it is the key that water and soil is prevented to burst into underground.
2. depth shaft wall as described in claim 1 ruptures security method, which is characterized in that the 5.2 steps tool Body operating procedure are as follows:
5.2.1: form the method and step of filler block:
(1) filling parking lot pit shaft below horizontal
(2) ingate and its two sides tunnel are filled
The main task of stage filling is to fill top pit shaft in next step and providing skeleton basis, to reduce filler to horse The number of dropouts of the two sides Tou Men, it is necessary to fill based on aniseed；
(3) pit shaft above ingate is filled
The main task of stage filling is to establish reliable drainage layer in pit shaft above the ingate；
(4) water proof material is filled
The stage main task of filling is that reliable water barrier is established in pit shaft；
5.2.2: the filling method of water outlet is covered with filler are as follows:
Spoil, rubble or sandfilling 25m high pit shaft are first used,；5m high pit shaft is filled with clay again；Then again with spoil, rubble or Sandfilling 25m high pit shaft, then 5m high pit shaft is filled with clay, and so on, until filler is higher than borehole wall water outlet 100m or more；
5.2.3: the method for the balance inside and outside hydraulic pressure of well are as follows:
After first filler block is formed in well, so that it may fill out solid filling object into well on one side, pour water on one side into well, until well Until interior water level is flushed with the water level in the outer water-bearing layer of well.
CN201910570803.3A 2019-06-28 2019-06-28 Safety prevention and control method for deep vertical shaft wall fracture Active CN110284886B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110821482A (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-02-21 山东思科赛德矿业安全工程有限公司 Multifunctional automatic drilling hole diameter compensation device for monitoring large-diameter drilling hole deformation
CN114485455A (en) * 2022-04-14 2022-05-13 中建安装集团有限公司 Bullet tank strain and temperature intelligent monitoring system and method based on distributed optical fiber

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CN1563673A (en) * 2004-03-22 2005-01-12 中国矿业大学 Constrained inner wall treatment and method of preventing well wall from broken
CN104747192A (en) * 2015-01-27 2015-07-01 中国矿业大学 Steel pipe concrete stress deformation feedback supporting structure suitable for vertical shaft
CN108119144A (en) * 2017-12-19 2018-06-05 湖南科技大学 A kind of different restoring and fastening methods based on the classification of shaft wall fracture degree
CN109555559A (en) * 2018-11-16 2019-04-02 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 A kind of metal mine km grade interior shaft water control technique method
CN109854285A (en) * 2019-02-28 2019-06-07 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 A kind of depth vertical supporting construction and construction method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3415063A (en) * 1964-08-12 1968-12-10 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Shield segment for covering the inner wall of the tunnel made of composite shell units
CN1563673A (en) * 2004-03-22 2005-01-12 中国矿业大学 Constrained inner wall treatment and method of preventing well wall from broken
CN104747192A (en) * 2015-01-27 2015-07-01 中国矿业大学 Steel pipe concrete stress deformation feedback supporting structure suitable for vertical shaft
CN108119144A (en) * 2017-12-19 2018-06-05 湖南科技大学 A kind of different restoring and fastening methods based on the classification of shaft wall fracture degree
CN109555559A (en) * 2018-11-16 2019-04-02 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 A kind of metal mine km grade interior shaft water control technique method
CN109854285A (en) * 2019-02-28 2019-06-07 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 A kind of depth vertical supporting construction and construction method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110821482A (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-02-21 山东思科赛德矿业安全工程有限公司 Multifunctional automatic drilling hole diameter compensation device for monitoring large-diameter drilling hole deformation
CN114485455A (en) * 2022-04-14 2022-05-13 中建安装集团有限公司 Bullet tank strain and temperature intelligent monitoring system and method based on distributed optical fiber

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