CN110284375B

CN110284375B - Rail system

Info

Publication number: CN110284375B
Application number: CN201910628504.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杜香刚; 刘韦; 施成; 刘伟斌; 王继军; 肖俊恒
Original assignee: China Academy of Railway Sciences Corp Ltd CARS; Railway Engineering Research Institute of CARS
Current assignee: China Academy of Railway Sciences Corp Ltd CARS; Railway Engineering Research Institute of CARS
Priority date: 2019-07-12
Filing date: 2019-07-12
Publication date: 2024-04-09
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-12
Also published as: CN110284375A

Abstract

The invention provides a track system, which comprises a floating plate, a rail bearing table, a fastener component, a steel rail and a vibration isolator with high static and low dynamic stiffness characteristics, wherein the rail bearing table is poured on the floating plate; the supporting part is abutted with the upper end of the first elastic piece; the floating part is poured in the floating plate, and a gap is reserved between the floating plate and the foundation; the negative stiffness component comprises an elastic part and a bearing part which are matched with each other, the elastic part is connected with the supporting part and/or the floating part, and the bearing part is connected with the seat body; when the floating part bears load, the direction of the acting force applied by the elastic part to the bearing part is inclined or vertical to the direction of the elastic force of the first elastic piece. Through the technical scheme, the vibration isolator and the vibration isolation frequency range and the low-frequency vibration reduction effect of the track system can be improved, and the dynamic displacement of the train when passing through the track system is controlled.

Description

Rail system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vibration reduction and noise reduction of a track system, in particular to a track system.

Background

The low-frequency vibration isolation of the track system is a great research hot spot and difficulty in the field of track traffic vibration isolation. The structural vibration control can be divided into passive control, active control, semi-active control and hybrid control according to the need of external energy input, and adopts two technologies of active control vibration isolation and semi-active control vibration isolation to well isolate low-frequency vibration, but the structure is complex, the occupied space is large, the manufacturing cost is high, external energy supply is required, and the problems of instability, electromagnetic pollution and the like exist. In contrast, the conventional passive vibration isolation structure is simple, easy to implement, reliable in operation, and free from additional external energy consumption, but when the structure is once determined, the natural frequency is determined, and only when the excitation frequency is greater than a specific multiple of the natural frequency of the vibration isolation system, the vibration isolation effect can be achieved. In general, passive vibration isolation can better isolate middle-frequency vibration and high-frequency vibration, but has poor capability of isolating low-frequency vibration.

The vibration isolation system can be further classified into a linear vibration isolation system and a nonlinear vibration isolation system according to the characteristics of the vibration isolation system and the difference of mathematical models describing vibration. The linear vibration isolation system is a system in which the mass is kept unchanged, but the elastic force and the damping force of the linear vibration isolation system are in linear relation with the motion parameters, and the mathematical model of the linear vibration isolation system can be expressed by a linear constant coefficient ordinary differential equation. And a system which does not belong to the linear vibration isolation system is a nonlinear vibration isolation system. From vibration isolation theory, it is known that the transmissibility of a linear vibration isolation system has a close relationship with its stiffness k and damping c. When the damping ratio of the system is increased when the system damping is selected to be increased, the maximum value of the transmissibility corresponding to the resonance frequency of the system damping is reduced, but the transmissibility of the system damping in a high frequency band is increased; when the rigidity of the system is reduced, the natural frequency is reduced, the vibration isolation starting frequency is reduced, the vibration isolation frequency range is increased, but the static bearing capacity is reduced, and the static deformation is increased. Therefore, for the traditional linear vibration isolation system, a lower vibration isolation initial frequency and a higher static bearing capacity cannot be obtained at the same time, and the two are contradictory. This is also the main reason why the above-mentioned rail transit vibration damping measures are poor in low frequency vibration damping effect.

Therefore, the vibration isolation frequency range of the existing track system is narrow, and the track system capable of effectively isolating low-frequency vibration and controlling dynamic displacement of the track is designed, so that the low-frequency vibration isolation is necessary for track traffic or other fields.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a track system, which reduces the natural frequency of the existing track system and improves the low-frequency vibration reduction effect and vibration isolation frequency range on the premise of strictly controlling or reducing the dynamic displacement of a track.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a track system including a floating slab, a rail support platform, a fastener assembly, a rail, and a vibration isolator of high static and low dynamic stiffness characteristics, the rail support platform being poured on the floating slab, the fastener assembly fixing the rail on the rail support platform, the vibration isolator comprising: the positive rigidity component comprises a seat body and a first elastic piece arranged in a cavity of the seat body, and the bottom of the seat body is arranged on a foundation; the supporting part is in butt joint with the upper end of the first elastic piece; the floating part is connected with the supporting part in a matched manner, the floating part is poured in the floating plate, and a gap is reserved between the floating plate and the foundation; the negative rigidity component comprises an elastic part and a bearing part which are matched with each other, the elastic part is connected with the supporting part and/or the floating part, and the bearing part is connected with the seat body; when the floating part bears the load and compresses the first elastic member, the direction of the acting force applied by the elastic part to the bearing part is inclined or vertical to the direction of the elastic force of the first elastic member.

Further, a plurality of rail bearing tables are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the steel rail; the vibration isolator is a plurality of, and a plurality of vibration isolators are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the steel rail, and each vibration isolator is arranged between two adjacent rail bearing platforms.

Further, the foundation includes at least one of: ground foundation, tunnel foundation, bridge foundation.

Further, the elastic part comprises a second elastic piece and a first pushing piece connected with the second elastic piece, the second elastic piece is in a compressed state, and the first pushing piece is abutted with the bearing part.

Further, the bearing part comprises a connecting rod and a bearing piece, the lower end of the connecting rod is connected with the bottom of the seat body, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with the bearing piece, and the first pushing piece is abutted with the bearing piece.

Further, the elastic part is connected with the supporting part, and the elastic part sets up in the first cavity of supporting part, and the supporting part includes: the bearing part passes through the frame body; the cover plate is arranged on the upper portion of the frame body, a first cavity is arranged between the cover plate and the frame body, the second elastic piece is connected with the side wall of the first cavity, and the floating portion is connected with the cover plate.

Further, the elastic part further includes: the guide structure is horizontally arranged in the first cavity, and the second elastic piece is arranged in the guide structure.

Further, the elastic parts are multiple, and the elastic parts are distributed in the circumferential direction of the bearing part.

Further, the floating part comprises a cylinder body and a supporting piece arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body, the cylinder body is poured in the floating plate, the supporting piece is connected with the upper portion of the supporting part, a second cavity is arranged above the supporting piece in the cylinder body, and the elastic part is arranged in the second cavity.

Further, the elastic part is connected with the floating part, the floating part further comprises a first fixing piece arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body, the second cavity is located between the supporting piece and the first fixing piece, the elastic part further comprises a guide structure, the upper portion of the guide structure is connected with the first fixing piece, and the second elastic piece is arranged in the guide structure.

Further, the floating part also comprises a second fixing piece, the lower part of the second fixing piece is connected with the supporting part, and the lower part of the guiding structure is connected with the upper part of the second fixing piece; the elastic part further comprises a limiting piece, the limiting piece is arranged at the end part of the guide structure, and the limiting piece is used for limiting the second elastic piece.

Further, the supporting part and the seat body are arranged at intervals, the lower end face of the supporting part and the upper end face of the seat body are correspondingly arranged, the vibration isolator further comprises a sealing element, and the sealing element is sleeved on the supporting part and the seat body to seal a gap between the supporting part and the seat body.

Further, the floating part comprises a cylinder body and an annular supporting piece arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body, the cylinder body is poured in the floating plate, and the supporting piece is provided with an avoidance groove; the supporting part can rotate relative to the floating part and axially move along the cylinder body, the supporting part comprises a frame body and a cover plate arranged on the frame body, and the cover plate can penetrate through the avoidance groove and move to a position abutting against the lower end face of the supporting piece through relative movement of the supporting part and the floating part.

Further, the vibration isolator further includes: damping fluid, set up in cavity of the seat body; the upper end of the damping piece is connected with the supporting part, and the lower end of the damping piece is immersed in damping liquid.

Further, the elastic part comprises a second elastic piece, a first pushing piece and a second pushing piece, the first pushing piece is connected with the second elastic piece, two ends of the second pushing piece are respectively matched with the first pushing piece and the bearing part, and the second pushing piece can move relative to the first pushing piece and the second pushing piece; the floating part applies a force to the bearing part through the second pushing piece under the condition of bearing load and compressing the first elastic piece.

Further, the second elastic piece is in a compressed state, the first pushing piece is provided with a first arc-shaped groove, the bearing part is provided with a second arc-shaped groove, and two ends of the second pushing piece are respectively provided with a first arc surface matched with the first arc-shaped groove and a second arc surface matched with the second arc-shaped groove.

Further, the second elastic piece is a spring, the first pushing piece comprises a cylinder and a positioning plate connected with the cylinder, the positioning plate is abutted with the second elastic piece, and the second pushing piece is matched with the positioning plate.

Further, the bearing part is arranged on the outer wall of the seat body, the lower part of the bearing part is provided with a bearing curved surface, and the elastic part can be abutted with different positions of the bearing curved surface in the displacement process.

Further, the elastic part comprises an elastic structure capable of being elastically deformed and a first pushing piece arranged on the elastic structure, and the first pushing piece is abutted with the bearing part.

Further, the elastic part is connected with the supporting part, the elastic structure comprises an elastic beam, one end of the elastic beam is connected with the supporting part, the other end of the elastic beam is connected with the first pushing piece, and the elastic beam is in a bending state.

Further, the elastic part further comprises a mounting seat, the mounting seat is arranged at the lower part of the supporting part, the upper end of the elastic beam is connected with the mounting seat, the first pushing piece is a roller, and the lower end of the elastic piece is connected with the first pushing piece.

Further, the elastic piece is connected with the floating part, the elastic structure comprises a second elastic piece, one end of the second elastic piece is connected with the floating part, the other end of the second elastic piece is connected with the first pushing piece, and the second elastic piece is in a compressed state.

Further, the elastic member is connected with the floating portion, and the elastic structure includes: the guide seat is arranged on the floating part and provided with a guide groove; the first end of the first rod body is slidably arranged in the guide groove, the second end of the first rod body is connected with the first pushing piece, and the height of the first end of the first rod body is higher than that of the second end of the first rod body; and one end of the third elastic piece is connected with the first end of the first rod body, and the third elastic piece applies downward acting force to the first end of the first rod body.

Further, the elastic structure further includes: the first end of the second rod body is slidably arranged in the guide groove, the second end of the second rod body is hinged with the second end of the first rod body or the first pushing piece, the other end of the third elastic piece is connected with the first end of the second rod body, and the third elastic piece is in a stretching state.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, a floating plate, a rail bearing platform, a fastener assembly, a steel rail and a vibration isolator with high static and low dynamic stiffness characteristics are arranged in a track system, the rail bearing platform is poured on the floating plate, the fastener assembly fixes the steel rail on the rail bearing platform, and the vibration isolator is connected with the floating plate to damp the floating plate and the steel rail. Specifically, a positive stiffness component, a supporting part, a floating part and a negative stiffness component are arranged in the vibration isolator, the floating part is used for bearing a load, an elastic part of the negative stiffness component is connected with the supporting part or the floating part, the bearing part is connected with the seat body, the floating part contracts under the condition that the first elastic piece is under the condition that the bearing part bears the load and compresses the first elastic piece, and the direction of the acting force exerted by the elastic part to the bearing part is inclined relative to the direction of the elastic force of the first elastic piece. Therefore, the elastic force generated by the cooperation of the positive stiffness component and the negative stiffness component is in a nonlinear relation with the displacement of the floating part, so that the vibration isolator can obtain a lower vibration isolation initial frequency and a higher static bearing capacity at the same time, namely has higher static stiffness and lower dynamic stiffness (short for high static low dynamic), can isolate low-frequency vibration, improves the vibration isolation frequency range of the vibration isolator and a rail system, reduces low-frequency vibration transmission, and reduces the influence on the surrounding environment.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a track system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the track system of FIG. 1 applied to a planar foundation;

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the track system of FIG. 1 as applied to a tunnel;

fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of the vibration isolator of fig. 1;

figure 5 shows a schematic view of the force of the elastomeric portion against the load bearing portion of the vibration isolator of figure 4 in operation;

fig. 6 shows a schematic layout of the elastic portion in the vibration isolator in fig. 4;

figure 7 shows a top view of the vibration isolator of figure 4;

fig. 8 shows a schematic structural view of a vibration isolator in a track system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 shows a schematic structural view of a vibration isolator in a track system according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a vibration isolator in a track system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 shows a schematic structural view of a vibration isolator in a rail system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 12 shows a schematic structural view of a vibration isolator in a rail system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a positive stiffness component; 11. a base; 12. a first elastic member; 20. a support part; 21. a frame body; 22. a cover plate; 30. a floating part; 31. a cylinder; 32. a support; 321. an avoidance groove; 33. a first fixing member; 34. a second fixing member; 40. an elastic part; 41. a second elastic member; 42. a first pusher; 421. a column; 422. a positioning plate; 43. a guide structure; 44. a limiting piece; 45. a second pusher; 441. an elastic beam; 451. a mounting base; 46. a guide seat; 47. a first rod body; 48. a third elastic member; 49. a second rod body; 50. a carrying part; 52. a connecting rod; 53. a carrier; 60. a seal; 70. a damping member; 81. a floating plate; 82. a rail bearing table; 83. a fastener assembly; 84. a steel rail; 85. a foundation.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a track system including a floating plate 81, a rail support base 82, a fastener assembly 83, a rail 84, and a vibration isolator having high static and low dynamic stiffness characteristics, the rail support base 82 being poured on the floating plate 81, the fastener assembly 83 fixing the rail 84 on the rail support base 82, the vibration isolator comprising: the positive stiffness assembly 10, the positive stiffness assembly 10 comprises a seat body 11 and a first elastic piece 12 arranged in a cavity of the seat body 11, and the bottom of the seat body 11 is arranged on a foundation 85; a support portion 20, the support portion 20 being in contact with the upper end of the first elastic member 12; the floating part 30, the floating part 30 is connected with the supporting part 20 in a matching way, the floating part 30 is poured in the floating plate 81, and a gap is reserved between the floating plate 81 and the foundation 85; the negative stiffness component comprises an elastic part 40 and a bearing part 50 which are matched with each other, the elastic part 40 is connected with the supporting part 20 and/or the floating part 30, and the bearing part 50 is connected with the seat body 11; when the floating portion 30 receives a load and compresses the first elastic member 12, the direction of the urging force applied to the bearing portion 50 by the elastic portion 40 is inclined or perpendicular to the direction of the urging force of the first elastic member 12. Specifically, the direction of the interaction force of the elastic portion 40 and the bearing portion 50 varies along the variation of the normal direction of the curved surface of the bearing portion 50.

By applying the technical scheme of the embodiment, a floating plate 81, a rail bearing table 82, a fastener component 83, a steel rail 84 and a vibration isolator with high static and low dynamic stiffness characteristics are arranged in a track system, the rail bearing table 82 is poured on the floating plate 81, the fastener component 83 fixes the steel rail 84 on the rail bearing table 82, and the vibration isolator is connected with the floating plate 81 to damp the floating plate 81 and the steel rail 84. Specifically, the positive stiffness component 10, the supporting portion 20, the floating portion 30 and the negative stiffness component are provided in the vibration isolator, the floating portion 30 is used for bearing a load, the elastic portion 40 of the negative stiffness component is connected with the supporting portion 20 or the floating portion 30, the bearing portion 50 is connected with the base 11 of the positive stiffness component 10, the floating portion 30 contracts when bearing a load and compressing the first elastic member 12, and the direction of the force applied by the elastic portion 40 to the bearing portion 50 is inclined with respect to the direction of the elastic force of the first elastic member 12. In this way, the elastic force generated by the cooperation of the positive stiffness component 10 and the negative stiffness component is in a nonlinear relation with the displacement of the floating part 30, so that the vibration isolator can obtain a lower vibration isolation initial frequency and a higher static bearing capacity at the same time, namely has higher static stiffness and lower dynamic stiffness (short for high static low dynamic), can isolate low-frequency vibration, improves the vibration isolation frequency range of the vibration isolator and a rail system, reduces low-frequency vibration transmission, and reduces the influence on the surrounding environment.

As shown in fig. 1, a plurality of rail support platforms 82 are provided, and the plurality of rail support platforms 82 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the rail 84; the vibration isolator is a plurality of, and a plurality of vibration isolators are arranged along the length direction interval of rail 84, and each vibration isolator sets up between two adjacent rail bearing platform 82. Through setting up a plurality of isolator in interval, can improve rail system's whole damping effect, further reduce low frequency vibration transmission, reduce the influence to the surrounding environment.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the foundation 85 includes at least one of: ground foundation, tunnel foundation, bridge foundation. Namely, the track system can be applied to different environments and has strong universality. The foundation 85 may be cast in concrete. When the track system is applied in a tunnel, fiberglass cloth, lateral drainage and central drainage may be provided in the tunnel.

In the present embodiment, the elastic portion 40 includes a second elastic member 41 and a first pushing member 42 connected to the second elastic member 41, the second elastic member 41 is in a compressed state, and the first pushing member 42 abuts against the bearing portion 50. Interaction force is generated with the bearing portion 50 through the cooperation of the second elastic member 41 and the first pushing member 42. The direction of the urging force applied to the bearing portion 50 by the second elastic member 41 is inclined or perpendicular to the direction of the urging force of the first elastic member 12.

As shown in fig. 5, when the floating portion 30 receives a load, the floating portion 30 and the bearing portion 50 are relatively displaced, and the displacement of the bearing portion 50 causes the second elastic member 41 to extend, thereby exerting a force on the bearing portion 50. Through the arrangement, the component force variation of the acting force applied by the first elastic member 12 to the bearing portion 50 along the direction of the elastic force of the first elastic member 12 and the dimensional variation of the second elastic member 41 are in nonlinear relation, and the component force variation and the displacement of the floating portion 30 are also in nonlinear relation, so that the vibration isolator has higher static stiffness and lower dynamic stiffness characteristics, namely has the effect of high static and low motion, and can isolate low-frequency vibration and improve the vibration isolation frequency range of the vibration isolator compared with the conventional vibration isolator. The vibration isolator can isolate low-frequency vibration smaller than 20 Hz.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the first elastic member 12 may be disposed vertically, and the second elastic member 41 may be disposed horizontally (under the condition of not bearing), so that the vibration isolator may better perform vibration damping and noise reduction on the load in the vertical direction, and is relatively suitable for a track system.

In the present embodiment, the bearing portion 50 has a first curved surface, and the first pushing member 42 can abut against different positions of the first curved surface during the extending and contracting process of the second elastic member 41. By providing the first curved surface, the direction of the force applied to the bearing portion 50 by the second elastic member 41 can be changed as required to satisfy the nonlinear requirement, and the first curved surface can be concave, convex, circular or the like. The first pushing member 42 has a second curved surface, and a position on the second curved surface abuts against a position on the first curved surface. Through the cooperation of second curved surface and first curved surface, can realize the nonlinear acting force demand better to realize high quiet low effect of moving.

In the present embodiment, the bearing portion 50 includes a link 52 and a bearing member 53, the lower end of the link 52 is connected to the bottom of the base 11, the upper end of the link 52 is connected to the bearing member 53, and the first pushing member 42 abuts against the bearing member 53. Through the arrangement, the bearing part 50 can be connected with the positive stiffness component 10, so that the acting force of the negative stiffness component borne by the bearing part 50 can be conveniently transmitted to the positive stiffness component 10, the positive stiffness component 10 and the negative stiffness component are matched together to damp loads, meanwhile, the transmission of vibration to the surrounding environment is reduced, and the influence on the surrounding environment is reduced. Specifically, the force provided by the second elastic member 41 causes the direction of the interaction force generated by the first pushing member 42 and the bearing member 53 to be along the normal direction of the bearing member 53.

It should be noted that, the bearing 53 on the bearing portion 50 and the curved surface on the bearing 53 may be designed into different shapes according to actual requirements, and the shape and sliding manner of the first pushing member 42 in the elastic portion 40 may be changed in various manners, for example, a bearing is added to change sliding into rolling, or a bearing is added to the front end of the first pushing member 42 to change the contact sliding between the first pushing member 42 and the first curved surface of the bearing 53 into contact rolling. The principle of the method is that the method principle of the invention is adopted no matter how the shape and the mode are changed, and the method is within the protection scope.

Specifically, the link 52 is threaded through at least a portion of the support portion 20, the support portion 20 has relief holes for the relief carrier 53, and the carrier 53 is threaded or welded to the link 52. Through above-mentioned setting for isolator compact structure, small, and be convenient for the assembly.

In order to secure the stability of the carrier 53, it is necessary to install a lockwasher and locknut, the position of the carrier 53 on the link 52 may be adjusted, and when the carrier 53 is installed, the lower surface of the carrier 53 contacts the surface of the first pushing member 42 and provides a certain pressure, and the second elastic member 41 is compressed due to the existence of the pressure, providing a certain rigidity.

In the present embodiment, the elastic portion 40 is connected to the supporting portion 20, and the elastic portion 40 is disposed in the first cavity of the supporting portion 20. Therefore, the vibration isolator is compact in structure, and compared with the original vibration isolator, the vibration isolator is small in overall structure change, can reduce the influence on related parts, and is convenient to manufacture and assemble. Specifically, the support portion 20 includes: a frame 21 through which the bearing part 50 passes; the cover plate 22 is arranged on the upper part of the frame body 21, a first cavity is arranged between the cover plate 22 and the frame body 21, the second elastic piece 41 is connected with the side wall of the first cavity, and the floating part 30 is connected with the cover plate 22. Therefore, the vibration isolator is compact in structure and has good vibration reduction and noise reduction effects.

In the present embodiment, the elastic portion 40 further includes: the guide structure 43, the guide structure 43 is horizontally disposed in the first cavity, and the second elastic member 41 is disposed in the guide structure 43. The contracting direction of the second elastic member 41 can be guided by the guide structure 43 to better control the direction of the acting force and to facilitate the assembly of the elastic portion 40. The guide structure 43 may be provided in a groove-like structure or a cylindrical structure.

In the present embodiment, the elastic portion 40 may be provided in plurality, and the plurality of elastic portions 40 are distributed in the circumferential direction of the bearing portion 50. Therefore, the integral influence of the negative stiffness component on the vibration isolator can be improved, the nonlinear characteristic effect is improved, and the vibration isolation frequency range of the vibration isolator is improved. Moreover, the load bearing portion 50 can be made relatively uniform in force.

In this embodiment, the supporting portion 20 is disposed at a distance from the base 11, the lower end surface of the supporting portion 20 is disposed corresponding to the upper end surface of the base 11, the vibration isolator further includes a sealing member 60, and the sealing member 60 is sleeved on the supporting portion 20 and the base 11 to seal the gap between the supporting portion 20 and the base 11. The supporting part 20 and the seat body 11 are arranged at intervals, so that the supporting part 20 and the floating part 30 can conveniently displace when bearing load, the lower end face of the supporting part 20 and the upper end face of the seat body 11 are correspondingly arranged, when the load is overlarge, the lower end face of the supporting part 20 and the upper end face of the seat body 11 can be in direct contact to play a limiting role, and therefore the overlarge displacement of the floating part 30 and the damage caused by plastic deformation due to overlarge deformation of the first elastic piece 12 can be avoided. In order to ensure effectiveness, the sealing member 60 of the present embodiment is a rubber seal ring, and is fixed to the seat 11 and the support 20 by a hose clamp, respectively.

In the present embodiment, the floating part 30 includes a cylinder 31 and an annular support member 32 provided on an inner wall of the cylinder 31, the support member 32 having a relief groove 321 thereon; the support portion 20 is rotatable relative to the floating portion 30 and moves in the axial direction of the cylinder 31, the support portion 20 includes a frame 21 and a cover plate 22 provided on the frame 21, and the cover plate 22 is capable of passing through the escape groove 321 and moving to a position abutting against the lower end surface of the support 32 by the relative movement of the support portion 20 and the floating portion 30. With the above arrangement, when the vibration isolator is assembled, the supporting portion 20 is rotated to enable the protruding portion on the cover plate 22 to correspond to the avoidance groove 321, then the supporting portion 20 is moved towards the inside of the cylinder 31, the supporting portion 20 can be penetrated below the supporting piece 32, then the supporting portion 20 is rotated again, the protruding portion on the cover plate 22 is misplaced with the avoidance groove 321, and therefore the cover plate 22 is abutted to the lower end face of the supporting piece 32, and accordingly assembly of the floating portion 30 and the supporting portion 20 is achieved, namely the supporting portion 20 supports the floating portion 30. At the time of construction, the cylinder 31 is prefabricated inside the floating plate 81.

In this embodiment, the vibration isolator further includes: damping fluid, set up in the cavity of the seat 11; and a damping member 70, wherein an upper end of the damping member 70 is connected to the support portion 20, and a lower end of the damping member 70 is immersed in the damping liquid. With the above arrangement, when the support portion 20 receives a load, the generated vibration can be transmitted to the damping liquid through the damping member 70, and the vibration can be slowed down by the damping effect of the damping liquid, thereby achieving the effects of vibration reduction and noise reduction. Specifically, the damper 70 includes a rod-like member, an upper end of which is connected to the support portion 20, and a disk-like member disposed below the rod-like member. In order to improve the connection strength and the transmission effect, a plurality of rod-like members may be provided, and a plurality of rod-like members may be provided around the bearing part 50. The damping fluid is poured into the seat 11 at a certain height to provide the damping coefficient required by the system.

As shown in fig. 8, in the second embodiment of the present invention, unlike the above-described embodiment, the floating part 30 includes the cylinder 31 and the support 32 provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 31, the cylinder 31 is poured in the floating plate 81, the support 32 is connected to the upper portion of the support 20, the cylinder 31 has the second cavity above the support 32, and the elastic part 40 is provided in the second cavity. The elastic portion 40 may be connected to the structure in the floating portion 30 or may be connected to the structure in the supporting portion 20.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the elastic portion 40 is connected to the floating portion 30, the floating portion 30 further includes a first fixing member 33 provided on an inner wall of the cylinder 31, the second cavity is located between the support member 32 and the first fixing member 33, the elastic portion 40 further includes a guide structure 43, an upper portion of the guide structure 43 is connected to the first fixing member 33, and the second elastic member 41 is provided in the guide structure 43. By the connection of the guide structure 43 with the first fixing member 33, the position setting of the second elastic member 41 and the guiding of the second elastic member 41 can be achieved.

In the present embodiment, the floating portion 30 further includes: and a second fixing member 34, wherein a lower portion of the second fixing member 34 is connected to the supporting portion 20, and a lower portion of the guide structure 43 is connected to an upper portion of the second fixing member 34. Through the arrangement, the components in the vibration isolator can be stably and firmly connected, so that the reliability of the vibration isolator is improved. The elastic portion 40 further includes: the limiting piece 44, the limiting piece 44 sets up the tip at guide structure 43, and the limiting piece 44 is used for spacing second elastic component 41. The second elastic member 41 can be limited by the limiting member 44, so that the second elastic member 41 is limited and kept in a compressed state, and the second elastic member 41 is prevented from being separated from the guiding structure 43.

In the prior art of vibration damping, a floating slab track structure is considered to be the track vibration damping form with the best vibration damping effect. However, the existing floating slab vibration isolator belongs to a linear vibration isolation system, and cannot have low vibration isolation initial frequency and high static bearing capacity due to structural limitations and material limitations, and cannot adjust vibration isolation performance in real time according to different running speeds of a train, track irregularity and other factors, so that vibration isolation frequency range and vibration isolation effect are unsatisfactory.

By applying the technical solution of the present embodiment, the positive stiffness component 10, the supporting portion 20, the floating portion 30 and the negative stiffness component are provided in the vibration isolator, the floating portion 30 is used for bearing a load, the elastic portion 40 of the negative stiffness component is connected with the supporting portion 20 or the floating portion 30, the bearing portion 50 is connected with the base 11 of the positive stiffness component 10, the floating portion 30 contracts the first elastic member 12 under the condition that the bearing load is borne and the first elastic member 12 is compressed, and the direction of the acting force exerted by the elastic portion 40 to the bearing portion 50 is inclined relative to the direction of the elastic force of the first elastic member 12. In this way, the elastic force generated by the cooperation of the positive stiffness component 10 and the negative stiffness component is in a nonlinear relation with the displacement of the floating part 30, so that the vibration isolator can obtain a lower vibration isolation initial frequency and a higher static bearing capacity at the same time, namely has higher static stiffness and lower dynamic stiffness (short for high static low dynamic), can isolate low-frequency vibration, improves the vibration isolation frequency range of the vibration isolator and the vibration isolation frequency range of a rail system, reduces low-frequency vibration transmission, and reduces the influence on the surrounding environment. By applying the technical scheme, on the premise of strictly controlling or reducing the dynamic displacement of the track, the natural frequency of the existing vibration isolator and the track system thereof is reduced, and the low-frequency vibration reduction effect and the vibration isolation frequency range are improved.

The cylinder 31 of the vibration isolator is prefabricated in the floating slab 81, when the train passes, the cylinder 31 moves downwards along with the floating slab 81, the supporting part 20, the guide structure 43, the second elastic member 41 and the first pushing member 42 move downwards simultaneously, the base 11 is placed on the roadbed, the connecting rod 52 and the bearing member 53 are fixed, and the first elastic member 12 with positive rigidity is compressed by pressure to provide rigidity. At this time, since the second elastic member 41 having negative rigidity is initially in a compressed state, the second elastic member 41 starts to relax as the first pushing member 42 simultaneously descends, providing pushing force to the bearing portion 50, and the front end of the first pushing member 42 slides down along the surface of the bearing member 53.

When the train passes, the first elastic member 12 starts to relax to provide thrust, and then the supporting portion 20, the guiding structure 43, the second elastic member 41 and the first pushing member 42 move upwards along with the cylinder 31, at this time, the front end of the first pushing member 42 slides upwards along the surface of the bearing member 53, and the second elastic member 41 starts to compress to provide rigidity. The overall system provides a non-linear force due to the cooperation of the carrier 53 and the first pusher 42. As shown in fig. 2, the schematic diagram of this embodiment shows that when the train passes by, the negative stiffness assembly moves downward, the relative positions of the carrier 53 and the first pusher 42 change, and the direction of the force provided by the negative stiffness assembly changes due to the shape change of the contact surface. By utilizing the nonlinear dynamics characteristic of the vibration isolator, a high-performance track vibration reduction system with high static and low dynamic stiffness characteristics can be formed.

As shown in fig. 9, in the third embodiment of the present invention, unlike the first embodiment, the elastic portion 40 of the vibration isolator includes a second elastic member 41, a first pushing member 42, and a second pushing member 45, the first pushing member 42 is connected to the second elastic member 41, both ends of the second pushing member 45 are respectively engaged with the first pushing member 42 and the bearing portion 50, and the second pushing member 45 is movable relative to the first pushing member 42 and the second pushing member 45; the floating portion 30 applies a force to the bearing portion 50 by the second urging member 45 while bearing the load and compressing the first elastic member 12. In this way, the elastic force generated by the cooperation of the positive stiffness component 10 and the negative stiffness component is in a nonlinear relation with the displacement of the floating part 30, so that the vibration isolator can obtain a lower vibration isolation initial frequency and a higher static bearing capacity at the same time, namely has higher static stiffness and lower dynamic stiffness, can isolate low-frequency vibration, and improves the vibration isolation frequency range of a track system.

In this embodiment, the second elastic member 41 is in a compressed state, the first pushing member 42 has a first arc-shaped slot, the bearing portion 50 has a second arc-shaped slot, and two ends of the second pushing member 45 have a first arc surface matched with the first arc-shaped slot and a second arc surface matched with the second arc-shaped slot respectively. Through the cooperation of arc wall and arcwall face, can realize the nonlinear acting force demand better to realize high quiet low effect of moving.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the second elastic member 41 is a spring, the first pushing member 42 includes a cylinder 421 and a positioning plate 422 connected to the cylinder 421, the positioning plate 422 abuts against the second elastic member 41, and the second pushing member 45 is matched with the positioning plate 422. Wherein, the cylinder 421 is inserted into the second elastic member 41. By the above arrangement, the second elastic member 41 can be made to engage with the first urging member 42 reliably and force transmission can be facilitated.

In the present embodiment, the elastic portion 40 further includes: the limiting piece 44, the limiting piece 44 sets up the tip at guide structure 43, and the limiting piece 44 is used for spacing second elastic component 41. The second elastic member 41 can be limited by providing the limiting member 44, so that the second elastic member 41 can be prevented from falling out of the guiding structure 43. Specifically, the stopper 44 is in a stopper fit with the first pusher 42.

As shown in fig. 10, in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, unlike the first embodiment, the bearing portion 50 is disposed on the outer wall of the seat 11, the lower portion of the bearing portion 50 has a bearing curved surface, and the elastic portion 40 can abut against different positions of the bearing curved surface during displacement. Through the arrangement, the nonlinear acting force requirement can be better realized, so that the effect of high static and low dynamic is realized.

In the present embodiment, the elastic portion 40 includes an elastic structure that can be elastically deformed and a first pushing member 42 disposed on the elastic structure, and the first pushing member 42 abuts against the bearing portion 50. The elastic structure can provide a force when elastically deformed, and the force is transmitted to the bearing part 50 through the first pushing member 42, so that the effect of high static and low motion is achieved.

In this embodiment, the elastic portion 40 is connected to the supporting portion 20, the elastic structure includes an elastic beam 441, one end of the elastic beam 441 is connected to the supporting portion 20, the other end of the elastic beam 441 is connected to the first pushing member 42, and the elastic beam 441 is in a bent state. This generates elastic force by the bending deformation of the elastic beam 441 and then is transferred to the bearing portion 50 by the first pushing member 42, thereby exerting force on the bearing portion 50.

In this embodiment, the elastic portion 40 further includes a mounting base 451, the mounting base 451 is disposed at a lower portion of the supporting portion 20, an upper end of the elastic beam 441 is connected to the mounting base 451, the first pushing member 42 is a roller, and a lower end of the elastic member is connected to the first pushing member 42. By providing the mounting base 451, the fixing and position adjustment of the elastic beam 441 are facilitated. Providing the first pusher 42 as a roller reduces the friction of the first pusher 42 with the carrier 50 and facilitates the transfer of force.

As shown in fig. 11, in the fifth embodiment of the present invention, unlike the above-described embodiment, the elastic member is connected to the floating portion 30, and the elastic structure includes the second elastic member 41, one end of the second elastic member 41 is connected to the floating portion 30, the other end of the second elastic member 41 is connected to the first pushing member 42, and the second elastic member 41 is in a compressed state. The second elastic member 41 can apply elastic force to the first pushing member 42, and then the first pushing member 42 applies force to the bearing portion 50, thereby achieving the nonlinear force requirement.

In this embodiment, the elastic portion 40 further includes a guiding structure 43 disposed horizontally, the guiding structure 43 is connected to the floating portion 30, the second elastic member 41 is disposed in the guiding structure 43, and the first pushing member 42 is a roller. The second elastic member 41 may be guided by the guide structure 43 so that the second elastic member 41 expands and contracts in a predetermined direction. The guide structure 43 may be provided in a groove-like structure or a cylindrical structure.

As shown in fig. 12, in the sixth embodiment of the present invention, unlike the fourth embodiment, an elastic member is connected to a floating portion 30, and the elastic structure includes: the guide seat 46, the guide seat 46 is set on the floating part 30, the guide seat 46 has a guide groove; the first rod body 47, the first end of the first rod body 47 is slidably arranged in the guide groove, the second end of the first rod body 47 is connected with the first pushing piece 42, and the height of the first end of the first rod body 47 is higher than that of the second end of the first rod body 47; and a third elastic member 48, one end of the third elastic member 48 is connected to the first end of the first rod 47, and the third elastic member 48 applies a downward force to the first end of the first rod 47. Through the arrangement, the nonlinear acting force requirement can be better realized, so that the effect of high static and low dynamic is realized.

In this embodiment, the elastic structure further includes: the second rod body 49, the first end of the second rod body 49 is slidably disposed in the guide groove, the second end of the second rod body 49 is hinged with the second end of the first rod body 47 or the first pushing member 42, the other end of the third elastic member 48 is connected with the first end of the second rod body 49, and the third elastic member 48 is in a stretched state. With the above arrangement, the second rod body 49 and the first rod body 47 have a tendency to approach each other, so that a force can be applied to the first pusher 42, causing the first pusher 42 to bear the low pressure bearing portion 50. The above arrangement can increase the force applied to the bearing portion 50 and improve the stability of the vibration isolator in operation.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the guide groove is disposed vertically, and the first pushing member 42 is a roller. The guide grooves are vertically arranged so that the resultant force of the second rod body 49 and the first rod body 47 is directed toward the positive stiffness assembly 10. Providing the first pusher 42 as a roller reduces friction and increases service life.

From the above description, it can be seen that the technical solution of the present invention achieves the following technical effects: the low-frequency vibration isolation of the floating plate is realized, and the low-frequency transmission rate of the floating plate is reduced, so that the influence on the surrounding environment, people, buildings and precise instruments when the railway train such as a subway runs is optimized; the dynamic displacement of a floating slab in the track system when a train passes through is reduced, the deformation of the track system is controlled, and the diseases such as rail wave grinding and the like caused by the large deformation of the track structure are reduced; the integral structure has the characteristics of high static and low dynamic stiffness, has good integrity and is easy to install on site.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A track system comprising a floating slab (81), a rail support (82), a fastener assembly (83), a rail (84) and a vibration isolator of high static low dynamic stiffness characteristics, the rail support (82) being cast on the floating slab (81), the fastener assembly (83) securing the rail (84) to the rail support (82), the vibration isolator comprising:

the positive stiffness assembly (10), the positive stiffness assembly (10) comprises a seat body (11) and a first elastic piece (12) arranged in a cavity of the seat body (11), and the bottom of the seat body (11) is arranged on a foundation (85);

a support portion (20), wherein the support portion (20) is in contact with the upper end of the first elastic member (12);

the floating part (30), the floating part (30) is connected with the supporting part (20) in a matching way, the floating part (30) is poured in the floating plate (81), and a gap is reserved between the floating plate (81) and the foundation (85);

The negative stiffness assembly comprises an elastic part (40) and a bearing part (50) which are matched with each other, the elastic part (40) is connected with the supporting part (20) and/or the floating part (30), and the bearing part (50) is connected with the seat body (11);

the floating part (30) is inclined or vertical to the direction of the elastic force applied by the elastic part (40) to the bearing part (50) under the condition of bearing load and compressing the first elastic piece (12);

the foundation (85) comprises at least one of: ground foundations, tunnel foundations, bridge foundations;

the elastic part (40) comprises a second elastic piece (41) and a first pushing piece (42) connected with the second elastic piece (41), the second elastic piece (41) is in a compressed state, and the first pushing piece (42) is abutted with the bearing part (50).

2. The track system of claim 1, wherein the track system comprises a plurality of track segments,

the number of the rail bearing tables (82) is plural, and the plurality of the rail bearing tables (82) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the steel rail (84);

the vibration isolators are multiple, the vibration isolators are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the steel rail (84), and each vibration isolator is arranged between two adjacent rail bearing platforms (82).

3. The track system according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing part (50) comprises a connecting rod (52) and a bearing piece (53), the lower end of the connecting rod (52) is connected with the bottom of the seat body (11), the upper end of the connecting rod (52) is connected with the bearing piece (53), and the first pushing piece (42) is abutted with the bearing piece (53).

4. The track system according to claim 1, wherein the elastic portion (40) is connected to the support portion (20), the elastic portion (40) being arranged in a first cavity of the support portion (20), the support portion (20) comprising:

the bearing part (50) penetrates through the frame body (21);

the cover plate (22) is arranged on the upper portion of the frame body (21), the first cavity is formed between the cover plate (22) and the frame body (21), the second elastic piece (41) is connected with the side wall of the first cavity, and the floating part (30) is connected with the cover plate (22).

5. The track system according to claim 4, wherein the resilient portion (40) further comprises:

the guide structure (43), the guide structure (43) is arranged in the first cavity horizontally, and the second elastic piece (41) is arranged in the guide structure (43).

6. Rail system according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of elastic parts (40) is plural, the plurality of elastic parts (40) being distributed in the circumferential direction of the carrier part (50).

7. The track system according to claim 1, characterized in that the floating part (30) comprises a cylinder (31) and a support (32) arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder (31), the cylinder (31) is poured in the floating plate (81), the support (32) is connected with the upper part of the support part (20), a second cavity is arranged above the support (32) in the cylinder (31), and the elastic part (40) is arranged in the second cavity.

8. The track system according to claim 7, characterized in that the elastic part (40) is connected with the floating part (30), the floating part (30) further comprises a first fixing member (33) provided on an inner wall of the cylinder (31), the second cavity is located between the support member (32) and the first fixing member (33), the elastic part (40) further comprises a guide structure (43), an upper portion of the guide structure (43) is connected with the first fixing member (33), and the second elastic member (41) is provided in the guide structure (43).

9. The track system of claim 8, wherein the track system comprises a plurality of track segments,

The floating part (30) further comprises a second fixing piece (34), the lower part of the second fixing piece (34) is connected with the supporting part (20), and the lower part of the guide structure (43) is connected with the upper part of the second fixing piece (34);

the elastic part (40) further comprises a limiting piece (44), the limiting piece (44) is arranged at the end part of the guide structure (43), and the limiting piece (44) is used for limiting the second elastic piece (41).

10. The track system according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting portion (20) is disposed at an interval with the base (11), a lower end surface of the supporting portion (20) is disposed corresponding to an upper end surface of the base (11), the vibration isolator further comprises a sealing member (60), and the sealing member (60) is sleeved on the supporting portion (20) and the base (11) to seal a gap between the supporting portion (20) and the base (11).

11. The track system of claim 1, wherein the track system comprises a plurality of track segments,

the floating part (30) comprises a cylinder body (31) and an annular supporting piece (32) arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body (31), the cylinder body (31) is poured into the floating plate (81), and the supporting piece (32) is provided with an avoidance groove (321);

the support part (20) can rotate relative to the floating part (30) and move along the axial direction of the cylinder body (31), the support part (20) comprises a frame body (21) and a cover plate (22) arranged on the frame body (21), and the cover plate (22) can penetrate through the avoidance groove (321) and move to a position abutting against the lower end face of the support piece (32) through the relative movement of the support part (20) and the floating part (30).

12. The track system of claim 1, wherein the vibration isolator further comprises:

damping fluid is arranged in the cavity of the seat body (11);

and the upper end of the damping piece (70) is connected with the supporting part (20), and the lower end of the damping piece (70) is immersed in the damping liquid.

13. The track system of claim 1, wherein the track system comprises a plurality of track segments,

the elastic part (40) comprises a second elastic piece (41), a first pushing piece (42) and a second pushing piece (45), the first pushing piece (42) is connected with the second elastic piece (41), two ends of the second pushing piece (45) are respectively matched with the first pushing piece (42) and the bearing part (50), and the second pushing piece (45) can move relative to the first pushing piece (42) and the second pushing piece (45);

the floating part (30) applies a force to the bearing part (50) through the second pushing member (45) when bearing a load and compressing the first elastic member (12).

14. The track system according to claim 13, wherein the second elastic member (41) is in a compressed state, the first pushing member (42) has a first arc-shaped groove thereon, the bearing portion (50) has a second arc-shaped groove thereon, and both ends of the second pushing member (45) have a first arc-shaped surface cooperating with the first arc-shaped groove and a second arc-shaped surface cooperating with the second arc-shaped groove, respectively.

15. The track system according to claim 13, characterized in that the second elastic member (41) is a spring, the first pushing member (42) comprises a cylinder (421) and a positioning plate (422) connected with the cylinder (421), the positioning plate (422) abuts against the second elastic member (41), and the second pushing member (45) cooperates with the positioning plate (422).

16. The track system according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing part (50) is arranged on the outer wall of the seat body (11), the lower part of the bearing part (50) is provided with a bearing curved surface, and the elastic part (40) can be abutted with different positions of the bearing curved surface in the displacement process.

17. Rail system according to claim 16, characterized in that the elastic part (40) comprises an elastically deformable elastic structure and a first pusher (42) arranged on the elastic structure, the first pusher (42) abutting against the carrier part (50).

18. The track system according to claim 17, characterized in that the elastic part (40) is connected to the support part (20), the elastic structure comprises an elastic beam (441), one end of the elastic beam (441) is connected to the support part (20), the other end of the elastic beam (441) is connected to the first pushing member (42), and the elastic beam (441) is in a bent state.

19. The track system according to claim 18, wherein the elastic portion (40) further comprises a mounting base (451), the mounting base (451) is disposed at a lower portion of the supporting portion (20), an upper end of the elastic beam (441) is connected to the mounting base (451), the first pushing member (42) is a roller, and a lower end of the elastic member is connected to the first pushing member (42).

20. Rail system according to claim 17, characterized in that the elastic element is connected to the floating part (30), the elastic structure comprising a second elastic element (41), one end of the second elastic element (41) being connected to the floating part (30), the other end of the second elastic element (41) being connected to the first pushing element (42), the second elastic element (41) being in a compressed state.

21. Rail system according to claim 17, characterized in that the elastic element is connected to the floating part (30), the elastic structure comprising:

the guide seat (46), the guide seat (46) is arranged on the floating part (30), and the guide seat (46) is provided with a guide groove;

a first rod body (47), wherein a first end of the first rod body (47) is slidably arranged in the guide groove, a second end of the first rod body (47) is connected with the first pushing piece (42), and the height of the first end of the first rod body (47) is higher than that of the second end of the first rod body (47);

And one end of the third elastic piece (48) is connected with the first end of the first rod body (47), and the third elastic piece (48) applies downward acting force to the first end of the first rod body (47).

22. The track system of claim 21, wherein the resilient structure further comprises:

the first end of the second rod body (49) is slidably arranged in the guide groove, the second end of the second rod body (49) is hinged with the second end of the first rod body (47) or the first pushing piece (42), the other end of the third elastic piece (48) is connected with the first end of the second rod body (49), and the third elastic piece (48) is in a stretching state.