CN110283864A - A kind of acid degradation and enzyme degradation combine the method for efficiently preparing chitosan oligosaccharide - Google Patents
A kind of acid degradation and enzyme degradation combine the method for efficiently preparing chitosan oligosaccharide Download PDFInfo
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- CN110283864A CN110283864A CN201910560604.4A CN201910560604A CN110283864A CN 110283864 A CN110283864 A CN 110283864A CN 201910560604 A CN201910560604 A CN 201910560604A CN 110283864 A CN110283864 A CN 110283864A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of biochemical industry, and in particular to a kind of acid degradation and enzyme are degraded the efficient chitosan oligosaccharide preparation method combined.Chitosan and acid solution are sufficiently mixed according to a certain percentage first, sealed thermal insulating for a period of time, makes chitosan initial breakdown obtain middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan of the weight average molecular weight 7000~100000 at a certain temperature.Then low-molecular weight chitoglycan in suitable water dissolution is added, obtains the chitosan solution of high concentration, and adjust the pH to 4.2~6.0 of solution.It is eventually adding suitable enzyme to be digested, after method appropriate is dry, chitosan oligosaccharide of the weight average molecular weight 400~4000 can be obtained.This method takes full advantage of the respective advantage of chitosan acid degradation and enzyme degradation, chitosan oligosaccharide is prepared as the raw material of enzyme degradation reaction using the middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan that acid degradation obtains, evade that acid degradation yield is lower and the lower problem of enzyme degradation efficiency, chitosan oligosaccharide production efficiency is greatly improved, lays a good foundation for chitosan oligosaccharide extensive use.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of biochemical industry, and in particular to the efficient shell that a kind of acid degradation and enzyme degradation combine is few
Sugared preparation method.
Background technique
Chitosan oligosaccharide typically refers to be connected by 2~10 Glucosamines and N-acetylglucosamine by β -1,4 glycosidic bond
The linear oligosaccharides to be formed are connect, with lower hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, adjusts immune, antitumor and induces plant disease-resistant degeneration-resistant and promotion plant growth
Etc. multiple biological activities.In preparation process, chitosan oligosaccharide is usually initial feed, warp by the deacetylated product chitosan of chitin
Acid degradation, enzyme degradation or oxidative degradation are prepared.
The technique for capableing of industrialized production chitosan oligosaccharide at present is enzyme degradation.It is general first with acidic aqueous solution that chitosan is molten
Then solution adds suitable enzyme and carries out degradation preparing chitosan oligosaccharide, acidic aqueous solution therein is usually acetic acid, hydrochloric acid or lactic acid
Weak solution, the enzyme used include specific selection enzyme and non-specific selection enzyme.It is molten since chitosan itself is a kind of macromolecule
Xie Houhui generates certain viscosity, and viscosity increases with the increase of concentration, then will affect enzyme degradation when its viscosity is excessive
Effect, so usually enzyme degradation is when preparing chitosan oligosaccharide, the concentration of chitosan solution is usually 1.0~2.5% or so, therefore enzyme
The production efficiency of degradation is lower.
Another common preparation method of chitosan oligosaccharide is acid degradation, but is not possible to carry out industrialized production at present, mainly
The reason is that Product Status difference and yield are low.This is because the fracture of glycosidic bond is random during acid degradation prepares chitosan oligosaccharide
Occur, and degradation reaction not can be effectively controlled, with degradation reaction carry out can be constantly be generated monosaccharide, and monosaccharide is in acidity
Under conditions of a variety of side reactions can occur cause Product Status poor.On the other hand, in the research of chitosan acid degradation at present, generally
It all needs after dissolving chitosan using acid solution, reheats progress degradation reaction so the amount of reagent used is generally larger and there is row
It puts and the problem of environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of acid degradations and enzyme degradation to combine efficient chitosan oligosaccharide preparation method, effectively mentions
The production efficiency and reduction production cost of high chitosan oligosaccharide, so that the further application for chitosan oligosaccharide is laid a good foundation.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of acid degradation and enzyme degradation combine the method for preparing chitosan oligosaccharide, specific process flow are as follows:
(1), chitosan and acid solution are sufficiently mixed according to a certain percentage, at a certain temperature one section of sealed thermal insulating when
Between, make the middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan of chitosan initial breakdown；
(2), suitable water dissolution is added in middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan, obtains the chitosan solution of high concentration, then adjusts
The pH to 4.2~6.0 of solution；
(3), suitable enzyme is added in middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan solution, digests under appropriate conditions, finally obtain weight
Chitosan oligosaccharide of the average molecular weight 400~4000.
The invention firstly uses acid degradation to chitosan carry out initial breakdown, make chitosan dissolve after solution viscosity substantially
It reduces, to greatly improve the concentration of enzyme degradation chitosan substrate, effectively improves the production efficiency of chitosan oligosaccharide.
Acid degradation of the present invention and enzyme degradation combine the method for efficiently preparing chitosan oligosaccharide, which is characterized in that step (1)
In, the range of the deacetylation of the chitosan used is 30~99%.
Acid degradation of the present invention and enzyme degradation combine the method for efficiently preparing chitosan oligosaccharide, which is characterized in that step (1)
In, the acid solution is the hydrochloric acid solution that concentration is 15~37%, and hydrochloric acid solution usage amount is 0.2~5 times of chitosan mass.
Acid degradation of the present invention and enzyme degradation combine the method for preparing chitosan oligosaccharide, which is characterized in that step (1)
In, the temperature of sealed thermal insulating is 40~100 DEG C, and the time of sealed thermal insulating is 30~300min.As a further preference, closed
The temperature of heat preservation is 60~80 DEG C, and the time of sealed thermal insulating is 60~120min.
Acid degradation of the present invention and enzyme degradation combine the method for efficiently preparing chitosan oligosaccharide, which is characterized in that step (1)
In, make middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan of the chitosan initial breakdown weight average molecular weight 7000~100000.
Acid degradation of the present invention and enzyme degradation combine the method for efficiently preparing chitosan oligosaccharide, which is characterized in that step (2)
In, the concentration for being completely dissolved low-molecular weight chitoglycan solution in rear is 5~15%, it is preferable to use chitosan raw material or ammonium hydroxide are adjusted
PH value of solution.
Acid degradation of the present invention and enzyme degradation combine the method for efficiently preparing chitosan oligosaccharide, which is characterized in that step (3)
In, suitable enzyme is added in middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan solution, digest 5 under the conditions of 30~70 DEG C~for 24 hours, it is equal to finally obtain weight
Chitosan oligosaccharide of the molecular weight 400~4000.
Design philosophy of the invention is:
The study found that working as the target product not instead of oligosaccharides of chitosan acid degradation, number molecular weight is thousands of to tens of thousands of
When the middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan of left and right, usually have the effect of good, simultaneously because the decline of molecular weight of chitosan, dissolves
Viscosity afterwards can be greatly reduced.On the other hand, during enzyme degradation prepares chitosan oligosaccharide, the enzyme used is usually restriction endonuclease, i.e.,
When chitosan is degraded to disaccharides or trisaccharide, the not no binding site of enzyme on sugar, i.e. chitobiose and chitotriose will not be by into one
Step degradation, reaction are more easily controlled, and product yield will not be greatly reduced.Therefore during chitosan oligosaccharide preparation by acid degradation and
Enzyme degradation combines, and plays respective advantage, avoids deficiency, and the production efficiency and reduction that can greatly improve chitosan oligosaccharide are produced into
This, lays a good foundation for chitosan oligosaccharide extensive use.
The present invention have clear advantage and the utility model has the advantages that
1, it is middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan that the invention firstly uses acid degradations by degradation of chitosan, molten after dissolving chitosan
The viscosity of liquid is greatly reduced, then when carrying out enzyme degradation, and the concentration of chitosan substrate can be significantly increased to 10% or more, and existing work
Enzyme degradation prepares chitosan concentration of substrate usually only 1.0~2.5% or so in chitosan oligosaccharide, therefore the production effect of chitosan oligosaccharide in skill
Rate can greatly improve.
2, the method for acid degradation used in the present invention has significant difference with the method for other acid degradations, is not required to keep shell poly-
Sugar is first dissolved in solution, but after need to only a small amount of acid solution and chitosan being used to be sufficiently mixed, and at one section of sealed thermal insulating
Between, therefore the amount of reagent used is few.
3, in whole preparation process, the acid solution used is finally all converted to chitosan salt or minimal amount of ammonium salt, does not have
The problem of environmental pollution of acid discharge.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the GPC chromatogram of the chitosan oligosaccharide in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the GPC chromatogram of the chitosan oligosaccharide in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 3 is process flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In the specific implementation process, as shown in figure 3, acid degradation of the present invention and enzyme degradation combine the side for preparing chitosan oligosaccharide
Method, used technical step are as follows:
(1), chitosan and acid solution are sufficiently mixed according to a certain percentage, at a certain temperature one section of sealed thermal insulating when
Between, make the middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan of chitosan initial breakdown；
(2), suitable water dissolution is added in middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan, obtains the chitosan solution of high concentration, then adjusts
The pH to 4.2~6.0 of solution；
(3), suitable enzyme is added in middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan solution, digests under appropriate conditions, finally obtain weight
Chitosan oligosaccharide of the average molecular weight 400~4000.
To keep technical solution of the present invention and advantage clearer, retouched in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment
It states.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, 10g chitosan (weight average molecular weight Mw=78 ten thousand, deacetylation DD=85%) with 5mL's 37%
It after concentrated hydrochloric acid is sufficiently mixed, is fitted into round-bottomed flask, after 60 DEG C of sealed thermal insulating 90min, 100mL distilled water is added and is configured to concentration
Substantially 10% chitosan solution measures the pH=1.19 of solution, then about 1.8g chitosan raw material is added thereto, complete to its
The pH=5.25 of solution is measured after fully dissolved, the concentration of chitosan solution is up to 11.8% in whole process.Finally to chitosan
100mg chitosan enzyme is added in solution, after being stirred to react for 24 hours under 42 DEG C of water-baths, centrifugation removal insoluble matter, supernatant fraction freezing is done
It is dry, obtain chitosan oligosaccharide product about 11.8g.
A certain amount of chitosan oligosaccharide sample is weighed, the solution of 10mg/mL is made into, with GPC chromatography molecular weight data.GPC
System composition is as follows: LC-20AT constant flow pump (Shimadzu), CTO-20A column oven (Shimadzu), RID-10A Composition distribution (Shimadzu),
A3000 chromatographic column (300mm × 8.0mm, Viscotek).The chromatographic condition of GPC are as follows: 30 DEG C of column temperature, mobile phase 0.1moL/L
Acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer solution, flow velocity 0.5mL/min, 20 μ L of sample volume, as a result as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, 10g chitosan (weight average molecular weight Mw=205 ten thousand, deacetylation DD=70%) and 6mL 30%
Hydrochloric acid solution be sufficiently mixed after, be fitted into round-bottomed flask, after 80 DEG C of sealed thermal insulating 60min, be added 120mL distilled water be configured to
The chitosan solution of concentration substantially 8.3%, measures the pH=1.35 of solution, then about 1.6g chitosan raw material is added thereto,
The pH=5.10 of solution is measured after it is completely dissolved, the concentration of chitosan solution is up to 9.6% in whole process.Finally to shell
100mg cellulase is added in glycan solution, after being stirred to react for 24 hours under 42 DEG C of water-baths, centrifugation removes insoluble matter, and supernatant fraction is cold
It is lyophilized dry, obtains chitosan oligosaccharide product about 11.6g.The molecular weight data analysis mode of chitosan oligosaccharide sample is identical with embodiment 1,
Gpc analysis result is as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, 10g chitosan (weight average molecular weight Mw=78 ten thousand, deacetylation DD=85%) with 8mL's 25%
It after hydrochloric acid solution is sufficiently mixed, is fitted into round-bottomed flask, after 60 DEG C of sealed thermal insulating 90min, addition 80mL distilled water is configured to dense
The chitosan solution of degree substantially 12.5%, measures the pH=1.06 of solution, then a small amount of ammonium hydroxide is added thereto and is adjusted to pH=
5.65 left and right.100mg neutral proteinase is finally added into chitosan solution, after being stirred to react for 24 hours under 42 DEG C of water-baths, centrifugation is gone
Except insoluble matter, supernatant fraction freeze-drying obtains the chitosan oligosaccharide product about 10g containing a small amount of ammonium chloride.
Embodiment the result shows that, the method for the present invention can effectively improve the production efficiency of chitosan oligosaccharide, be chitosan oligosaccharide it is extensive
Using laying a good foundation.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of acid degradation and enzyme degradation combine the method for efficiently preparing chitosan oligosaccharide, which is characterized in that specific process flow
Are as follows:
(1), chitosan and acid solution are sufficiently mixed according to a certain percentage, sealed thermal insulating for a period of time, makes at a certain temperature
Chitosan initial breakdown is middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan；
(2), suitable water dissolution is added in middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan, obtains chitosan solution, then adjusts the pH to 4.2 of solution
~6.0；
(3), suitable enzyme is added in middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan solution, digests under appropriate conditions, finally obtains and divide equally again
Chitosan oligosaccharide of the son amount 400~4000.
2. acid degradation and enzyme degradation combine the method for efficiently preparing chitosan oligosaccharide according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly in (1), the range of the deacetylation of the chitosan used is 30~99%.
3. acid degradation and enzyme degradation combine the method for efficiently preparing chitosan oligosaccharide according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly in (1), the acid solution is the hydrochloric acid solution that concentration is 15~37%, and hydrochloric acid solution usage amount is the 0.2 of chitosan mass
~5 times.
4. acid degradation and enzyme degradation combine the method for efficiently preparing chitosan oligosaccharide according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly in (1), the temperature of sealed thermal insulating is 40~100 DEG C, and the time of sealed thermal insulating is 30min~300min.
5. acid degradation and enzyme degradation combine the method for efficiently preparing chitosan oligosaccharide according to claim 4, which is characterized in that close
The temperature for closing heat preservation is 60~80 DEG C, and the time of sealed thermal insulating is 60min~120min.
6. acid degradation and enzyme degradation combine the method for efficiently preparing chitosan oligosaccharide according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly in (1), make middle low-molecular weight chitoglycan of the chitosan initial breakdown weight average molecular weight 7000~100000.
7. acid degradation and enzyme degradation combine the method for efficiently preparing chitosan oligosaccharide according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly in (2), the concentration for being completely dissolved low-molecular weight chitoglycan solution in rear is 5~15%.
8. acid degradation and enzyme degradation combine the method for efficiently preparing chitosan oligosaccharide according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly in (2), pH value of solution is adjusted using chitosan raw material or ammonium hydroxide.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113293185A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-08-24 | 上海应用技术大学 | Preparation method of chitosan oligosaccharide |
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| WO2017219110A1 (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-12-28 | Instituto Federal De Educação, Ciência E Tecnologia Do Tocantins - Ifto | Process for producing monosaccharides from chitin and/or chitosan by means of chemical and/or enzymatic hydrolysis and the uses thereof |
| CN108912247A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-30 | 郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院 | A kind of oligomeric chitin and preparation method of the preparation of acid enzyme composite algorithm |
| CN108935970A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-07 | 青岛康尔生物工程有限公司 | A kind of nonreactive feed functional product, preparation method and application containing chitosan oligosaccharide |
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Patent Citations (3)
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| WO2017219110A1 (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-12-28 | Instituto Federal De Educação, Ciência E Tecnologia Do Tocantins - Ifto | Process for producing monosaccharides from chitin and/or chitosan by means of chemical and/or enzymatic hydrolysis and the uses thereof |
| CN108912247A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-30 | 郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院 | A kind of oligomeric chitin and preparation method of the preparation of acid enzyme composite algorithm |
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| CN113293185A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-08-24 | 上海应用技术大学 | Preparation method of chitosan oligosaccharide |
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Application publication date: 20190927 |