CN110281187B - Assembly machine and assembly method for brake head assembly of passenger car bogie - Google Patents

Assembly machine and assembly method for brake head assembly of passenger car bogie Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110281187B
CN110281187B CN201910426848.3A CN201910426848A CN110281187B CN 110281187 B CN110281187 B CN 110281187B CN 201910426848 A CN201910426848 A CN 201910426848A CN 110281187 B CN110281187 B CN 110281187B
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brake
assembly
brake head
head
screw rod
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CN110281187A (en
Inventor
吴小兵
黎蔚文
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CRRC Chengdu Co Ltd
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CRRC Chengdu Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/02Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of railway rolling stock braking, and particularly relates to an assembly machine and an assembly method for a brake head of a passenger car bogie. The assembly machine comprises an assembly and installation frame, a driving device, a pressing mechanism and an electrical control system; the brake head is fixed by using a positioning device and a clamping mechanism on the mounting frame, and the brake tile is moved on a dovetail groove sliding table on the mounting frame by using an electric control system to control a driving device so as to be assembled with the brake head. The motor is controlled by adopting an automatic control technology to push the screw rod and the pressing mechanism to realize the assembly of the brake head, the assembly process is automated, and the assembly speed and the pressure are controllable; the accurate positioning is realized in each step by adopting a sensing technology, the dovetail-shaped notch of the brake head and the dovetail-shaped notch of the brake tile are accurately butted, the installation clearance is controlled by a quality inspection step, the assembly precision is ensured, and the assembly quality is improved; the installation of the whole brake head assembly can be completed within about 1 minute, so that the assembly efficiency is improved, and the labor intensity of operators is reduced.

Description

Assembly machine and assembly method for brake head assembly of passenger car bogie
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of railway rolling stock braking, and particularly relates to an assembly machine for a brake head of a passenger car bogie and an assembly method thereof.
Background
At present, the assembly of the brake head of the passenger car is mostly carried out by knocking and installing by adopting a rubber hammer or by adopting an oil press. The rubber hammer is adopted for knocking and mounting, so that the brake head is easy to be stressed unevenly in the knocking and mounting process, and the problems of labor-consuming and time-consuming mounting, repeated mounting and the like are solved. The installation of the hydraulic press is difficult to control, so that the brake shoe sheet is easy to squeeze and deform, the assembly pressure is difficult to control, and the assembly speed is low; the efficiency is lower, and the bad butt joint of dovetail notch can cause quality problems such as brake shoe installation clearance is too big simultaneously, influences passenger train operation safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems, the assembly machine and the assembly method for the brake head assembly of the passenger car bogie are provided, the problem that the brake head assembly is damaged easily in the installation process of products is solved, and meanwhile, the assembly quality of the brake head assembly is improved, so that the operation safety of the passenger car is improved.
The scheme of the invention is as follows:
An assembly machine for assembling brake heads of a passenger car bogie comprises an assembly and installation rack, a driving device, a brake head pressing mechanism and an electrical control system; the assembly and installation rack is provided with an installation platform, a dovetail groove sliding table is fixed on the installation platform, and a brake head positioning device is fixed at the front end of the dovetail groove sliding table; a driving device is arranged on one side of the dovetail groove sliding table on the assembly and installation rack, and the driving device is an electric screw rod driven by a motor provided with a frequency converter; a brake head pressing mechanism is arranged on the other side of the dovetail groove sliding table; the electric control system provides power supply and control for other mechanisms of the assembly machine formed by the brake heads of the passenger car bogie; and the center lines of the electric screw rod, the dovetail groove sliding table and the brake head positioning device are positioned on the same straight line. The assembly speed is controlled by a motor provided with a frequency converter, stepless speed regulation is realized, and the speed control can be performed according to the press mounting position.
The brake head is positioned by the brake head positioning device, and the clamping mechanism is adopted to ensure accurate positioning; the dovetail groove sliding table is adopted to ensure that the brake tile is aligned with the dovetail groove opening of the brake head, and the propulsion is realized through the track, so that the accurate positioning is realized; the motor is controlled by the frequency converter technology to drive the screw rod to drive the brake shoe assembly, so that the pushing stability and accuracy are ensured.
Alternatively, the brake head pressing mechanism is a clamping cylinder piston rod or an electric push rod.
The electrical control system comprises an intelligent power distribution cabinet, a PLC control assembly and a touch screen. The intelligent power distribution cabinet is used for distributing power and collecting data for all electrical equipment, the PLC control assembly can write a PLC program according to requirements, the PLC assembly is used for controlling the driving device and the brake head pressing mechanism, automation of assembly of the brake head assembly can be achieved, touch control is achieved through connection of the touch screen and other assemblies of the electrical control system, full automation of one key can be achieved, and step manual single-point control can be achieved.
In a preferred scheme of the invention, a screw rod displacement sensor is arranged beside the electric screw rod, a brake pad in-place sensor is arranged between the mounting platform and a brake head clamping cylinder, and a brake head pressing sensor and a brake head loosening sensor are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the brake head clamping cylinder; the sensors are connected with an electrical control system. Each sensor adopts a photoelectric sensor, and can realize accurate positioning on the operation point position of the driving device and the operation point position of the clamping device, thereby ensuring the accuracy and fluency of assembly.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a clearance sensor is also mounted between the mounting platform and the brake head clamping cylinder. The gap sensor can carry out gap detection on the brake head composition after the installation is completed, the detection result is compared with qualified data, unqualified brake heads are withdrawn from assembly again, and the operation safety of the passenger car is improved and guaranteed through detection.
In another preferred scheme of the invention, the dovetail groove sliding table is detachably fixed on the mounting platform. The detachable strip-shaped dovetail groove is convenient to replace after being worn, ensures alignment with a dovetail groove opening of a brake head, ensures that a brake shoe does not deviate from the direction in the propelling process, and ensures that installation is completed once.
In another preferred scheme of the invention, the brake head positioning device comprises a main positioning pin arranged on the dovetail groove sliding table and two symmetrical auxiliary positioning pins on two sides of the main positioning pin, so that the positioning accuracy is ensured, and the dovetail groove of the brake tile can be aligned with the notch.
The invention also comprises a method for assembling the brake head assembly by using the assembly machine for assembling the brake head assembly of the passenger car bogie, which comprises the following steps:
1) Positioning a brake head by using a positioning device, locking the brake head by using a butterfly pin, compacting by using a clamping cylinder, and sending a clamping signal by a brake head compacting sensor;
2) Placing the brake shoe sheet on a dovetail groove sliding table to ensure that the brake tile is aligned with a dovetail notch of the brake shoe head;
3) When the assembly is started, the motor drives the electric screw rod to drive the brake shoe sheet to advance at the speed of 0.4-0.6m/min, preferably 0.5m/min, the electric screw rod is slowly aligned with the dovetail notch, when the electric screw rod advances the brake shoe tile to enter the dovetail notch of the brake shoe head by 10mm, the advancing speed is accelerated and is 1.5-2.5m/min, preferably 2m/min, the electric screw rod is quickly advanced until the brake shoe sheet in-place sensor sends out an in-place signal, and the electric screw rod stops advancing and then withdraws; when the assembly is started, the dovetail notch needs to be aligned, slow pushing is adopted, and when the dovetail notch enters the notch, the dovetail notch needs to be quickly pushed to complete the assembly; 4) The gap sensor is used for detecting and analyzing the gap of the brake head composition after the installation is completed, and the brake head is used after being qualified, otherwise, the brake head is withdrawn for assembly again;
5) After the assembly is completed, the clamping cylinder is loosened and retreated until the brake head loosening sensor sends out a loosening signal.
Further, the brake shoe sheet is withdrawn, one end of a grinding tool sleeve matched with the brake shoe sheet in shape and size is sleeved into the brake tile, the other end of the grinding tool sleeve is clamped on the clamping groove of the electric screw rod, and then the servo driving device is operated to reversely run to withdraw the brake shoe sheet from the brake shoe head.
The whole operation process can adopt a touch screen or a PLC development software program to realize the automatic or manual control of the brake shoe assembly machine.
Due to the adoption of the scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the motor is controlled by adopting an automatic control technology to push the screw rod and the pressing mechanism to realize the assembly of the brake head, the assembly process is automated, and the assembly speed and the pressure are controllable; the accurate positioning is realized in each step by adopting a sensing technology, the dovetail-shaped notch of the brake head and the dovetail-shaped notch of the brake tile are accurately butted, the installation clearance is controlled by a quality inspection step, the assembly precision is ensured, and the assembly quality is improved; the installation of the whole brake head assembly can be completed within about 1 minute, so that the assembly efficiency is improved, and the labor intensity of operators is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a partial composition of the present invention at the same horizontal centerline;
The marks in the figure: the brake shoe is characterized in that the brake shoe is composed of an assembly and installation frame 1, a servo motor 2, an electric screw rod 3, a clamping cylinder 4, a main locating pin 5, an auxiliary locating pin 6, a dovetail groove sliding table 7, an intelligent power distribution cabinet 8, a touch screen 9, a screw rod displacement sensor 10, a brake pad in-place sensor 11, a brake head pressing sensor 12, a brake head loosening sensor 13, a gap sensor 14, a brake head 15, a butterfly pin 16 and a brake tile 17.
Detailed Description
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same or equivalent purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Examples
As shown in figure 1, the assembly machine for the brake head of the passenger car bogie comprises an assembly and installation frame 1, a servo motor 2 with a frequency converter, an electric screw rod 3 connected with the servo motor, a clamping cylinder 4 and an electric control system; the assembly and installation rack 1 is provided with an installation platform, a dovetail groove sliding table 7 is detachably fixed on the installation platform, the dovetail groove sliding table 7 is specifically fixed with the installation platform with a preset thread seat through a screw rod, the front end of the dovetail groove sliding table is fixedly provided with a brake head positioning device, and the brake head positioning device comprises a main positioning pin 5 arranged on the dovetail groove sliding table and auxiliary positioning pins 6 which are symmetrical on two sides of the main positioning pin; ; the servo motor 2 is arranged on the assembly and installation rack and positioned on the left side of the dovetail groove sliding table 7, and the clamping cylinder 4 is arranged on the right side of the dovetail groove sliding table 7; when the electric screw rod is installed, the center lines of the electric screw rod 3, the dovetail groove sliding table 7 and the brake head positioning device are guaranteed to be positioned on the same straight line.
The electrical control system is arranged on the left side of the dovetail groove sliding table 7 and comprises an intelligent power distribution cabinet 8, a PLC component and a touch screen 9 which are connected with each other, the intelligent power distribution cabinet 7 provides power supply for each terminal and supports data acquisition, the PLC component is connected with the servo motor 2 and the clamping cylinder 4, automatic operation of pushing, clamping and withdrawing can be realized through a PLC program, and the touch screen 9 can be used for displaying control parameters and performing manual touch control; the assembly speed is controlled by a motor provided with a frequency converter, stepless speed regulation is realized, and the speed control can be performed according to the press mounting position.
Further, a screw rod displacement sensor 10 is arranged beside the electric screw rod on the servo motor 2, a brake pad in-place sensor 11 is arranged between the mounting platform and the brake head clamping cylinder 4, and a brake head pressing sensor 12 and a brake head loosening sensor 13 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the brake head clamping cylinder 4; the sensors are connected with an electrical control system. A gap sensor 14 is also mounted between the mounting platform and the brake head clamping cylinder 4. The gap sensor 14 can detect the gap of the brake head assembly after installation. Each sensor adopts a photoelectric sensor, and can realize accurate positioning on the operation point position of the driving device and the operation point position of the clamping device, thereby ensuring the accuracy and fluency of assembly.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the implementation method of the present invention is as follows:
1) The brake head 15 is arranged into three positioning pins, the brake head 15 is locked by adopting a butterfly pin 16, the piston rod of the clamping cylinder 4 is controlled by the touch screen 9 to push from right to left to clamp the brake head 15, and the piston rod stops moving after the brake head compaction sensor 12 sends out a clamping signal;
2) The brake shoe sheet 17 is placed on the dovetail groove sliding table 7, and the dovetail groove sliding table 7 and the central line of the brake head positioning device are positioned on the same straight line, so that the alignment of the brake tile 17 and the dovetail groove opening of the brake head 15 is ensured, and the butt joint of the brake shoe sheet 17 and the brake head 15 is relatively easy;
3) The servo motor 2 drives the electric screw rod 3 to push the brake shoe 17 at the speed of 0.5m/min, when the electric screw rod 3 pushes the brake tile 17 to enter the dovetail notch of the brake shoe 15 for 10mm, the pushing speed is pushed at the speed of 2m/min until the brake shoe in-place sensor 11 sends out an in-place signal, and the electric screw rod 3 stops moving forwards and retreats at a constant speed; in the operation step, the advanced assembly distance is given by a screw rod displacement sensor 10, the servo motor 2 can realize stepless speed regulation, the protection and pushing step is stable, the speed is easy to control, the extrusion deformation of the brake tile 17 can not occur, and in addition, the speed can be controlled according to the press-fit position under special conditions;
4) The gap sensor 14 detects and analyzes the gap of the brake head composition after the installation, and the brake head composition is used after being qualified, otherwise, the brake head composition is withdrawn for assembly again; the brake tile 17 is withdrawn, one end of a grinding tool sleeve with the shape and the size matched with the brake shoe sheet is sleeved into the brake tile 17, the other end of the grinding tool sleeve is clamped on a clamping groove of the electric screw rod, and then a servo driving device is operated to reversely run, so that the brake tile 17 is withdrawn from the brake shoe head 15;
5) After the assembly is completed, the clamping cylinder 4 is released and retracted until the brake head release sensor 13 sends a release signal to stop.
In this scheme, manually install brake head 15 and compress tightly the back, adopt touch-sensitive screen 9 and PLC development software program to realize brake shoe assembly machine's automation or manual control, whole assembly process can once accomplish automatically, need not adjust, also can assemble as required manually. The brake shoe assembly machine is used for installing the brake shoe, and the automatic completion of the installation of one brake head 15 can be completed only by 1 minute. The assembly efficiency is improved, and the labor intensity of operators is reduced. The assembled brake head is formed, the gap positioning is accurate, the quality is excellent, a gap detection step is arranged, and the yield of the assembled brake head is ensured to be 100%.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.

Claims (6)

1. A method for assembling brake head assembly of a passenger car bogie brake head assembly machine is characterized in that: comprises an assembly and installation frame, a driving device, a brake head pressing mechanism and an electrical control system; the assembly and installation rack is provided with an installation platform, a dovetail groove sliding table is fixed on the installation platform, and a brake head positioning device is fixed at the front end of the dovetail groove sliding table; a driving device is arranged on one side of the dovetail groove sliding table on the assembly and installation rack, and the driving device is an electric screw rod driven by a motor provided with a frequency converter; a brake head pressing mechanism is arranged on the other side of the dovetail groove sliding table; the electric control system provides power supply and control for other mechanisms of the assembly machine formed by the brake heads of the passenger car bogie; the center lines of the electric screw rod, the dovetail groove sliding table and the brake head positioning device are positioned on the same straight line;
The electrical control system comprises an intelligent power distribution cabinet, a PLC control assembly and a touch screen;
A screw rod displacement sensor is arranged beside the electric screw rod, a brake pad in-place sensor is arranged between the mounting platform and a brake head clamping cylinder, and a brake head pressing sensor and a brake head loosening sensor are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the brake head clamping cylinder; each sensor is connected with an electrical control system;
A gap sensor is also arranged between the mounting platform and the brake head clamping cylinder;
The method comprises the following steps:
1) Positioning a brake head by using a positioning device, locking the brake head by using a butterfly pin, compacting by using a clamping cylinder, and sending a clamping signal by a brake head compacting sensor;
2) Placing the brake shoe sheet on a dovetail groove sliding table to ensure that the brake tile is aligned with a dovetail notch of the brake shoe head;
3) When the assembly is started, the motor drives the electric screw rod to drive the brake shoe sheet to advance at the speed of 0.4-0.6m/min, the dovetail notch is aligned at a low speed, when the electric screw rod advances the brake shoe sheet to enter the dovetail notch of the brake shoe head by 10mm, the advancing speed is increased, the electric screw rod advances at the speed of 1.5-2.5m/min until the brake shoe sheet in-place sensor sends out an in-place signal, and the electric screw rod stops advancing and then withdraws;
4) The gap sensor is used for detecting and analyzing the gap of the brake head composition after the installation is completed, and the brake head is used after being qualified, otherwise, the brake head is withdrawn for assembly again;
5) After the assembly is completed, the clamping cylinder is loosened and retreated until the brake head loosening sensor sends out a loosening signal.
2. The method of assembling a brake head assembly for a passenger car truck brake head assembly machine of claim 1, wherein: the brake head compressing mechanism is a clamping cylinder piston rod or an electric push rod.
3. The method of assembling a brake head assembly for a passenger car truck brake head assembly machine of claim 1, wherein: and the dovetail groove sliding table is detachably fixed on the mounting platform.
4. The method of assembling a brake head assembly for a passenger car truck brake head assembly machine of claim 1, wherein: the brake head positioning device comprises a main positioning pin arranged on the dovetail groove sliding table, and two auxiliary positioning pins symmetrically arranged on two sides of the main positioning pin.
5. The method of assembling a brake head assembly for a passenger car truck brake head assembly machine of claim 1, wherein: the brake tile is withdrawn from the operation, one end of the grinding tool sleeve matched with the brake shoe sheet in shape and size is sleeved into the brake tile, the other end of the grinding tool sleeve is clamped on the clamping groove of the electric screw rod, and then the servo driving device is operated to reversely run to withdraw the brake shoe sheet from the brake shoe head.
6. The method of assembling a brake head assembly for a passenger car truck brake head assembly machine of claim 1, wherein: the automatic or manual control of the brake shoe assembly machine is realized by adopting a touch screen or a PLC development software program.
CN201910426848.3A 2019-05-22 2019-05-22 Assembly machine and assembly method for brake head assembly of passenger car bogie Active CN110281187B (en)

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CN201910426848.3A CN110281187B (en) 2019-05-22 2019-05-22 Assembly machine and assembly method for brake head assembly of passenger car bogie

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CN110281187B true CN110281187B (en) 2024-06-21

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113776815B (en) * 2021-11-12 2022-02-15 常州东盟机械有限公司 Brake head holder clamp

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CN210189660U (en) * 2019-05-22 2020-03-27 中车成都机车车辆有限公司 Assembly machine is constituteed to passenger train bogie brake shoe holder

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CN205342969U (en) * 2015-12-15 2016-06-29 重庆溯联塑胶有限公司 Plastic pipe coupling joint assembly fixture
CN210189660U (en) * 2019-05-22 2020-03-27 中车成都机车车辆有限公司 Assembly machine is constituteed to passenger train bogie brake shoe holder

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