CN110278963B - Medicament and method for relieving damage of loropetalum chinense and improving ornamental value under stress of acid rain - Google Patents
Medicament and method for relieving damage of loropetalum chinense and improving ornamental value under stress of acid rain Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 241000906048 Loropetalum chinense Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- XEYBHCRIKKKOSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;azanylidyneoxidanium;iron(2+);pentacyanide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].[O+]#N XEYBHCRIKKKOSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229940083618 sodium nitroprusside Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- WLYGSPLCNKYESI-RSUQVHIMSA-N Carthamin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1[C@@]1(O)C(O)=C(C(=O)\C=C\C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)C(\C=C\2C([C@](O)([C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)O)C(O)=C(C(=O)\C=C\C=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C/2=O)=O)=C1O WLYGSPLCNKYESI-RSUQVHIMSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000208809 Carthamus Species 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 abstract description 23
- 229930002877 anthocyanin Natural products 0.000 abstract description 16
- 235000010208 anthocyanin Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000004410 anthocyanin Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 150000004636 anthocyanins Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 abstract description 13
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 13
- 244000020518 Carthamus tinctorius Species 0.000 abstract description 12
- 235000003255 Carthamus tinctorius Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 241000906054 Loropetalum Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 60
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 29
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 23
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 19
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 16
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 16
- 235000021466 carotenoid Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 150000001747 carotenoids Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 229930002868 chlorophyll a Natural products 0.000 description 10
- 229930002869 chlorophyll b Natural products 0.000 description 10
- NSMUHPMZFPKNMZ-VBYMZDBQSA-M chlorophyll b Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C=O)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 NSMUHPMZFPKNMZ-VBYMZDBQSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000142952 Hamamelidaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011284 combination treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000013332 literature search Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011458 pharmacological treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a medicament and a method for relieving damage of loropetalum chinense and improving ornamental value under acid rain stress, which comprises the following steps: salicylic acid 0.4-1.6mmol/L, sodium nitroprusside 0.4-1.6mol/L calcium nitrate 12-48 mmol/L. The invention solves the problem that no Chinese Loropetalum can effectively relieve the harm of acid rain to the Chinese Loropetalum in the prior art. In the urban garden landscaping in areas with serious acid rain hazards, the used leaves of the safflower loropetalum chinense are not or rarely damaged, the leaves rarely turn yellow, dry and fall off, the leaves are not withered or deformed, the chlorophyll, the anthocyanin and the flavonoid substances basically keep stable, the leaf color still keeps the original bright red or dark red or other colors, and the eye view has no obvious leaf color change, so that the leaves still keep higher ornamental value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of horticultural plant protection, in particular to a medicament and a method for relieving damage of loropetalum chinense and improving ornamental value under the stress of acid rain.
Background
The safflower loropetalum chinense is native in China, is a variety of hamamelidaceae, loropetalum chinensis, loropetalum chinense, and evergreen shrub. It is luxuriant, beautiful in posture, resistant to pruning, resistant to rolling, blooming, full of safflower, and extremely spectacular. The new leaves of the red flower loropetalum chinense are bright red, the leaf color of the mature leaves is various from dark green to dark red, and in various cities in the south of the Yangtze river in China, the red flower loropetalum chinense becomes an indispensable tree species for landscaping, and can be used for cluster planting of color hedges, group planting of color blocks and pattern flower beds, arc planting of color shrub balls, and manufacturing of stump bonsais or community color leaf street trees and the like. The tree species becomes one of the special products of the flower industry in China, is sold in Europe and America, and becomes one of the important tree species for exporting earnings.
However, with the development of recent industry, a large amount of industrial exhaust gas and a large amount of automobile exhaust gas in cities are discharged into the atmosphere, SO that the atmosphere contains SO2、H2S、NO2The content of the gases is greatly increased, so that acid rain is frequent. The southern area of China is a severe disaster area of acid rain, which affects the normal growth and development of many plants, seriously inhibits the growth of the plants and even causes damaged leaves and a great amount of fallen leaves until death. The tree species of the loropetalum chinense which is widely planted in south China as a landscape is also often damaged by acid rain, so that withered brown spots appear on leaves, even a large number of leaves fall off in severe cases, the ornamental value of the leaves is greatly reduced, and even the ornamental value is completely lost. However, no method for effectively solving the problem of the harm of acid rain to the red flower loropetalum chinense has been found so far.
Therefore, the technology for really and effectively improving the acid rain resistance of the safflower loropetalum chinense is developed, the medicament capable of effectively relieving the harm of acid rain to the safflower loropetalum chinense is developed, the matched technical regulation is established, and the method has important significance for cultivating and maintaining the urban garden plants and improving the ornamental value of the urban garden plants under the stress of the acid rain. Through literature search, no published contents related to the technical development of the medicament for maintaining the ornamental value of the red flower loropetalum chinense and reducing the injury degree of the plant under the stress of acid rain are seen.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a medicament and a method for relieving the damage of the loropetalum chinense and improving the ornamental value under the stress of acid rain.
According to one object of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a medicament for relieving damage of loropetalum chinense and improving ornamental value under acid rain stress comprises:
salicylic acid 0.4-1.6mmol/L,
sodium nitroprusside 0.4-1.6mol/L
12-48mmol/L calcium nitrate.
Further, the molar concentration ratio of the salicylic acid to the sodium nitroprusside to the calcium nitrate is 1:1: 30.
According to another object of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for relieving damage of Loropetalum chinense and improving ornamental value under acid rain stress comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of medicaments
Weighing salicylic acid 0.4-1.60mmol/L, sodium nitroprusside 0.4-1.60mmol/L and calcium chloride 12-48mmol/L according to molar concentration, and dissolving with distilled water; mixing the prepared salicylic acid solution, sodium nitroprusside solution and calcium nitrate solution to prepare a medicament;
step 2: medicament spraying
Spraying 30-100% of the leaves of the loropetalum chinense, and naturally drying the liquid medicine on the leaves after spraying;
and step 3: frequency of spraying the agent
Spraying for 1 time every 1-5 days during the period of acid rain stress, and naturally airing the liquid medicine on the leaves after spraying.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in areas with frequent acid rain, the medicament for relieving the damage of the safflower loropetalum chinense and improving the ornamental value is used and matched with a method for relieving the damage of the safflower loropetalum chinense and improving the ornamental value under the stress of the acid rain, so that the problem that the harm of the acid rain to the safflower loropetalum chinense can not be effectively relieved in the prior art is solved. In the urban garden landscaping in areas with serious acid rain hazards, the used leaves of the safflower loropetalum chinense are not or rarely damaged, the leaves rarely turn yellow, dry and fall off, the leaves are not withered or deformed, the chlorophyll, the anthocyanin and the flavonoid substances basically keep stable, the leaf color still keeps the original bright red or dark red or other colors, and the eye view has no obvious leaf color change, so that the leaves still keep higher ornamental value. In the prior art, an effective method for relieving the harm of acid rain to the red flower loropetalum chinense does not exist, and the technology is provided to fill the blank of the research field.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
In order to make the purpose and technical scheme of the present invention more clear, the present invention fully describes the research and screening process of the technology of selecting the treated plants, selecting the concentration of the treatment medicament, combining the treatment medicament, spraying the medicament with the dose and frequency, etc. by using the specific examples to prove the correctness of the research result, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
1) Selection of treated plants
In the embodiment, the red flower loropetalum chinense in campus of Kunming academy of academic is selected as an experimental material, the red flower loropetalum chinense is divided into four categories of healthy tree body, vigorous tree vigor, medium tree body and moderate tree vigor, basically healthy tree body, weak tree vigor, unhealthy tree body and weak tree vigor according to the growth condition of the experimental material, all the selected experimental materials are manually sprayed with acid rain, and then each category is divided into two treatment groups:
control group: spraying distilled water on the leaves after spraying artificial acid rain as a contrast,
treatment group: after spraying artificial acid rain, 0.8mmol/L salicylic acid +0.8mmol/L sodium nitroprusside +24mmol/L calcium nitrate is sprayed on the leaves for medicament treatment (the formula research of the medicament is detailed later).
According to the molar ratio (SO) of sulfate radical to nitrate ion content in natural acid rain4 2－∶NO3 1－Preparing artificial acid rain with ratio of 5: 1), and using acidThe pH was adjusted to 3.0 by the meter. Spraying acid rain, distilled water and medicament every 1 day. And (4) carrying out statistical analysis on the injury condition of the plants at different periods after treatment, and determining the pigment content of leaves.
The grading standard of the damage degree of the acid rain to the red flower loropetalum chinense is as follows:
the 0-grade plant grows normally without any injury sign;
the 1 st young leaves have injured spots, and the adult leaves have no obvious change;
2, the injured spots of the young leaves are enlarged and drop a little, and the spots also appear on the adult leaves;
a large amount of 3-grade young leaves wither and fall off, and the injured spots of the adult leaves are enlarged and have a small amount of withering and fall off;
most adult leaves of grade 4 die and fall off.
The damage index is [ Σ (number of damaged plants × number of stages of diseases)/(total number of plants × highest damage stage) ] × 100%;
survival rate (number of surviving plants/total number of plants) × 100%.
As can be seen from table 1, the injury index performance of the four plant types is the best from the 10 th day after the acid rain stress to the 30 th day after the acid rain stress, and the second is the healthy and vigorous, while the unhealthy and weakened;
survival rates were 100% for all plant types on day 10 of treatment, whereas on day 20 of treatment, survival rates were 100% for only those plant types that were healthy, healthy and vigorous, and showed the same injury index for each plant type on day 30 of treatment.
Table 1 also shows that the injury index and survival rate of four types of plants are remarkably superior to those of a control after treatment with 0.8mmol/L salicylic acid, 0.8mmol/L sodium nitroprusside and 24mmol/L calcium nitrate under the stress of acid rain, wherein the plants with healthy trees and moderate trees have the best performance, and the plants with unhealthy trees and weak trees have the worst performance.
TABLE 1 comparison of injury status of different types of plants of Loropetalum chinense in different periods of acid rain stress
Note that different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 4 replicates.
As can be seen from table 2, under the stress of acid rain, the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b of the four plant types treated by the control and the medicament all show a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. From the four plant types, the chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents of healthy and vigorous trees are highest, the chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents of healthy and moderate trees are medium, and the chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents of unhealthy and weak trees are worst at different stress time. Under the stress of acid rain, after the pesticide is sprayed, the chlorophyll content of the four types of plants is greatly increased and is obviously higher than respective contrast.
Chlorophyll content of each treatment decreased from day 10 of stress, but at a significantly lower magnitude than the respective control. It can be seen that the treatment with the agent was effective for four plant types.
TABLE 2 comparison of chlorophyll content of different types of plants of carthamus chinensis in different periods of acid rain stress
Note that different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 4 replicates.
As can be seen from Table 3, under the stress of acid rain, the change trend of carotenoids and anthocyanin of four plant types and the effect after the treatment with the agent are similar to the case of chlorophyll. The acid rain resistance of the healthy tree is obviously stronger than that of basically healthy or unhealthy tree. The strong acid rain resistance of healthy trees and the moderate tree vigor can still keep a certain ornamental value after the acid rain is stressed, and the medicament treatment effect is optimal. Therefore, the test materials used in the following tests were those with healthy tree bodies and moderate tree vigor.
TABLE 3 comparison of Carotenoid and anthocyanin content in different types of plants of Loropetalum chinense under acid rain stress at different periods
Note that different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 4 replicates.
2) Concentration determination of treatment agents
Table 4 shows that under the stress of acid rain, the injury index of the carthamus chinensis can be greatly reduced by treating the carthamus chinensis with different concentrations, and the survival rate of the carthamus chinensis is remarkably improved after 30 days of stress.
However, from the viewpoint of the drug concentration, the effect of the treatment of 0.8mmol/L salicylic acid, 0.8mmol/L sodium nitroprusside and 24mmol/L calcium nitrate are the best effect concentrations in the respective drugs.
TABLE 4 influence of three drug treatments with different concentrations on injury condition of safflower loropetalum chinense in different periods of acid rain stress
Note that different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 4 replicates.
As can be seen from table 5, it is,
compared with a control, the content of chlorophyll a and the content of chlorophyll b of the loropetalum chinense are increased firstly and then decreased after the treatment of the three medicaments except 48mmol/L of calcium nitrate in different concentrations.
After the three medicaments with different concentrations are treated, the rising amplitude of the three medicaments is larger than that of a control, and the falling amplitude of the three medicaments is smaller than that of the control, so that the degradation of the chlorophyll content is effectively delayed;
at 30 days after treatment, the chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents of three concentrations of salicylic acid and 0.8mmol/L sodium nitroprusside are all significantly higher than those of the control.
Wherein, the effects of 0.8mmol/L salicylic acid, 0.8mmol/L sodium nitroprusside and 24mmol/L calcium nitrate after treatment are respectively the optimal concentrations of the three medicaments.
TABLE 5 influence of three drug treatments with different concentrations on chlorophyll content of Loropetalum chinense in different periods of acid rain stress
Note that different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 4 replicates.
As shown in table 6 below, it is possible to show,
from the 10 th day to the 30 th day of acid rain stress, the carotenoid and anthocyanin of the control gradually decrease, the carotenoid and anthocyanin after each medicament treatment have the tendency of increasing firstly and then decreasing, and the absolute content of the carotenoid and anthocyanin after each treatment at each period is superior to that of the control.
Of the salicylic acid treatments with three concentrations, the treatment effect is best at 0.8 mmol/L;
the best effect is achieved by 0.8mmol/L of sodium nitroprusside in the treatment of three concentrations;
of the three concentrations of calcium nitrate, the treatment at 24mmol/L gave the best results.
TABLE 6 influence of three drug treatments with different concentrations in different periods of acid rain stress on the content of carotenoid and anthocyanin in Loropetalum chinense
Note that different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 4 replicates.
3) Assembly of treatment agents
As shown in table 7 below, the following examples,
the injury indexes of the carthamus chinensis treated by different medicament combinations in different periods are obviously lower than those of a control, and the survival rate of the carthamus chinensis treated by each medicament combination for 30 days is also obviously higher than that of the control.
The effect after 30 days of treatment is obviously superior to that of a control regardless of the injury index and the survival rate, and the effect of the treatment with 0.8mmol/L salicylic acid, 0.8mmol/L sodium nitroprusside and 24mmol/L calcium nitrate is obviously superior to that of other treatments.
TABLE 7 influence of different combinations of three agents in different periods of acid rain stress on injury of Loropetalum chinense
Note that different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 4 replicates.
Table 8 shows that the chlorophyll content of the control and each treatment decreased from day 10 to day 30 of acid rain stress. And under the stress of acid rain, the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in the leaves of the carthamus chinensis in different periods after the medicament treatment are both obviously higher than those of a control. The best effect is achieved after the combination treatment of 0.8mmol/L salicylic acid, 0.8mmol/L sodium nitroprusside and 24mmol/L calcium nitrate in each treatment.
TABLE 8 influence of different combinations of three agents on chlorophyll content of Loropetalum chinense in different periods of acid rain stress
Note that different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 4 replicates.
Table 9 shows that under acid rain stress, the carotenoid and anthocyanin levels of the control and each treatment decreased.
The reduction amplitude of each medicament after treatment is obviously smaller than that of the control, and the carotenoid content and anthocyanin content of each treated leaf are obviously higher than that of the control at the 30 th day after treatment,
wherein the carotenoid content is best treated by 0.8mmol/L salicylic acid, 0.8mmol/L sodium nitroprusside, 0.8mmol/L salicylic acid, 0.8mmol/L sodium nitroprusside and 24mmol/L calcium nitrate,
the best effect is achieved when the anthocyanin content is treated by 0.8mmol/L sodium nitroprusside, 24mmol/L calcium nitrate and 0.8mmol/L salicylic acid, 0.8mmol/L sodium nitroprusside and 24mmol/L calcium nitrate.
The medicines sprayed later are 0.8mmol/L salicylic acid, 0.8mmol/L sodium nitroprusside and 24mmol/L calcium nitrate.
TABLE 9 influence of different combinations of three agents at different periods of acid rain stress on the content of carotenoid and anthocyanin in Loropetalum chinense
Note that different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 4 replicates.
4) Determination of the dose of a medicament spray
As can be seen from Table 10, the injury index for each treatment was significantly less than the control for each period of acid rain stress, with the most preferred being from 90% to 100% of the water drops from the leaves at the dose of the drug spray, followed by from 60% to 70% of the water drops from the leaves at the dose of the drug spray, but not significantly different from the water drops from the leaves at the dose of 90% to 100%. The survival rate of each treatment after 30 days of acid rain stress is obviously higher than that of a control, wherein the effect of 90-100% of water dripping of the leaves is the best, and the survival rate is obviously better than that of other treatments and controls.
TABLE 10 Effect of different doses of drug treatment on injury status of safflower Loropetalum in different periods of acid rain stress
Note that different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 4 replicates.
Table 11 shows that, under the stress of acid rain, the content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in each treatment of each period of the carthamus chinensis is significantly higher than that in the control, and the chlorophyll content in each treatment is gradually decreased from 10 th to 30 th of the stress, but the decrease of the control is larger than that of each treatment. In each treatment, the difference between 60% to 70% of the leaf drip and 90% to 100% of the leaf drip was not significant, but was significantly higher than 30% to 40% of the leaf drip and the control.
TABLE 11 influence of different doses of drug treatment on the chlorophyll content of Loropetalum chinense in different periods of acid rain stress
Note that different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 4 replicates.
From table 12, it can be seen that, at different periods of acid rain stress, the carotenoid content of the leaves of the carthamus chinensis treated by different dosages of the medicament is greater than that of the control, wherein the two treatments of 60% -70% of the leaf drip and 90% -100% of the leaf drip have the effect remarkably superior to that of 30% -40% of the leaf drip and the control. The anthocyanin content of each treatment was significantly higher than the control on both day 20 and day 30, with the same treatments 60% -70% leaf drip and 90% -100% leaf drip being significantly better than the 30% -40% leaf drip and control. It can be seen from the combination of tables 10, 11 and 12 that the treatment effect is the best when the dosage of the drug is sprayed from 90% to 100% of the water drops on the leaves, but the treatment effect is not significantly different from the treatment effect when the water drops on the leaves are from 90% to 100% as long as more than 60% of the water drops on the leaves are sprayed.
TABLE 12 influence of different doses of pharmacological treatments on the content of carotenoids and anthocyanin in Loropetalum chinense at different periods of acid rain stress
Note that different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 4 replicates.
5) Determination of frequency of medicament spraying
As can be seen from table 13, the effect of the drug spraying treatment with different frequency is significantly better than that of the control in different periods of the acid rain stress, and the injury index is significantly lower than that of the control, wherein the effect of spraying 1 drug every 1 day is the best, but the difference from spraying 1 drug every 3 days is not significant. The survival rate after the drug spraying treatment with different frequencies is still obviously higher than that of a control at the 30 th day of the acid rain stress, but the effect difference between the drug spraying of 1 time every 1 day and the drug spraying of 1 time every 3 days is not obvious.
TABLE 13 influence of different frequency of drug treatment on injury condition of safflower loropetalum chinense in different periods of acid rain stress
Note that different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 4 replicates.
As can be seen from table 14, the content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in the control and each treatment of carthamus chinensis gradually decreased during different periods of acid rain stress, but the content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in different spraying frequency of the medicament is significantly higher than that in the control. Wherein the effect of spraying for 1 time every 1 day is the best, but the difference with spraying for 1 time every 3 days is not obvious.
TABLE 14 influence of different frequency of drug treatment on chlorophyll content of Loropetalum chinense in different periods of acid rain stress
Note that different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 4 replicates.
From table 15, it can be seen that, in different periods of acid rain stress, from day 10 to day 30 of acid rain stress, the carotenoid and anthocyanin contents of the leaves of the redrlowered loropetalum leaves after different frequency of medicament treatment are significantly higher than those of the control. The highest of them was sprayed 1 time every 1 day, but the difference from spraying 1 time every 3 days was not significant. As can be seen from a combination of tables 13, 14 and 15, although the effect of the agent spraying frequency was the best when 1 time was sprayed every 1 day, the difference in the treatment effect was not significant when 1 time was sprayed every 3 days.
TABLE 15 influence of different frequency of treatment with different periods of acid rain stress on the content of carotenoid and anthocyanin in Loropetalum chinense
Note that different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 4 replicates.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A medicament for relieving damage of loropetalum chinense and improving ornamental value under acid rain stress, which comprises:
0.8mmol/L salicylic acid, 0.8mmol/L sodium nitroprusside and 24mmol/L calcium nitrate.
2. A method for relieving damage of carthamus chinensis and improving ornamental value under acid rain stress is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: preparation of medicaments
Weighing 0.8mmol/L salicylic acid, 0.8mmol/L sodium nitroprusside and 24mmol/L calcium nitrate according to the molar concentration in the final medicament, and dissolving with distilled water; mixing the prepared salicylic acid solution, sodium nitroprusside solution and calcium nitrate solution to prepare a medicament, wherein the concentration of each component in the final medicament is 0.8mmol/L salicylic acid, 0.8mmol/L sodium nitroprusside and 24mmol/L calcium nitrate;
step 2: medicament spraying
Spraying 30-100% of the leaves of the loropetalum chinense, and naturally drying the liquid medicine on the leaves after spraying;
and step 3: frequency of spraying the agent
Spraying for 1 time every 1-5 days during the period of acid rain stress, and naturally airing the liquid medicine on the leaves after spraying.
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| CN104886243A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-09 | 昆明学院 | A preservative for storing postharvest crystal grapes at room temperature and a preservation method thereof |
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| CN104886243A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-09 | 昆明学院 | A preservative for storing postharvest crystal grapes at room temperature and a preservation method thereof |
| CN105191984A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2015-12-30 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Crop protective agent for relieving Cd damage, preparing method thereof and application thereof |
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