CN110278829A - A method of cultivation Coriaria sinica mushroom - Google Patents
A method of cultivation Coriaria sinica mushroom Download PDFInfo
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- CN110278829A CN110278829A CN201910705016.5A CN201910705016A CN110278829A CN 110278829 A CN110278829 A CN 110278829A CN 201910705016 A CN201910705016 A CN 201910705016A CN 110278829 A CN110278829 A CN 110278829A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods for cultivating Coriaria sinica mushroom, and the method includes having: preparation compost, raw material one time fermentation, raw material secondary fermentation, strain is sowed and packed and cultivating and managing.Using cultural method of the present invention, compared with prior art, it is easy to get, is easy to make, low in cost due to preparing the raw material of compost, and cow dung is one of production essential excrement of high-quality edible mushroom product, it remains full of nutrition, and the vinasse after everfermentation are capable of providing mineral matter nutritional abundant, are conducive to Coriaria sinica mushroom growth, the strain of cultivation is easily survived, good penetrability, have many advantages, such as easily to grow, hyphal development is fast, can improve the yield and quality of Coriaria sinica mushroom；Pesticide is free of in raw material simultaneously, it is ensured that the Coriaria sinica mushroom non agricultural chemical residuum of output meets green food requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of cultivation for being edible mushroom in field of agricultural biotechnology, a kind of specifically cultivation Coriaria sinica
The method of mushroom.
Background technique
Coriaria sinica mushroom, alias Coriaria sinica bacterium, five inner perfume (or spice), Coriaria sinica mushroom be found in Lentinus uniquely be grown on Coriaria sinica tree
Kind, it belong to Agaricales Pleurotaceae, be a kind of mushroom wild plant.Spring and autumn is grown on 1200 meters of height above sea level or more high and cold mountain areas
Coriaria sinica tree deadwood on.And Coriaria sinica tree be Coriariaceae, Coriaria sinica platymiscium, machaka, limb be easy to damage by worms it is withered and dead, at me
Coriaria sinica tree is grown in the hills and mountains of state southwest everywhere, Coriaria sinica tree is also known as thousand Nian Hong, saddle, and Coriaria sinica tree racemosus is grown thickly, and one
Cluster cluster, branch is brittle, and trunk is in having many bends or curves shape, can have the spies such as drought resisting, cold-resistant in dead soil ambient growth
Property.
The bacterium fine and tender taste of Coriaria sinica mushroom, fresh and crisp lubrication have strong fragrance, the side such as fragrance, flavour, nutritional ingredient
Face is better than the mushroom kind of other cultivations.Due to the delicious faint scent of Coriaria sinica mushroom, taste is fresh and tender, in good taste, is rich in nutrition abundant
Substance is loved by consumers on the market, is a kind of agricultural and sideline product salable, however its low output.So Coriaria sinica mushroom has
Have very big value of exploiting and utilizing, the cultivation of Coriaria sinica mushroom must walk the road of factory culture, can just accomplish it is high-quality, efficient, can
Sustainable development.In addition, in the prior art in order to increase disinfection effect, it is general in base-material to be all added with a certain amount of pesticide, by
This and the Coriaria sinica mushroom of output does not meet green food requirement.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problem that in the presence of background technique, the invention solves technology be for a kind of nutrition, safety it is organic
Green food Coriaria sinica mushroom cultivating method has cultural method simple, and raw material composition is simple, and nutrient configures reasonable, raw material
It is easy to get, is easy to make, is low in cost, and the Coriaria sinica mushroom production cultivated is high, quality is good, absolutely not pesticide residue, complying fully with
Green food requirement, specifically a kind of method for cultivating Coriaria sinica mushroom.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a method of cultivation Coriaria sinica mushroom, institute
State method the following steps are included:
(1), prepare compost: the compost includes that following raw material by weight percentage is formulated: Coriaria sinica trees bits
43~53%, cow dung 15~25%, vinasse 10~15%, lime 5~10%, oil cake 4~8%, urea 2~6% and peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium 1~3%, by Coriaria sinica trees bits crush be 0.5~1cm fibrous particle structure, with after everfermentation cow dung and vinasse put into
Blender is sufficiently mixed, and the brown sugar water of total weight of the mixture 65~75% is added in mixed process, mixes them thoroughly, and mixing is equal
Mixed material is obtained after even；
(2), raw material one time fermentation: the resulting mixed material of step (1) is carried out pile-fermentation 7~10 days, fermentation temperature 63
~68 DEG C, the color fermented to the mixed material becomes dark brown from pale yellow；45~50 DEG C are cooled the temperature to later, keep 3
~5 days, the water content of the mixed material is adjusted to 65~75%, and the pH value of the mixed material is adjusted to 6.5~
Between 7.2；
(3), raw material secondary fermentation: carrying out secondary agitation for the mixed material by fermentation for the first time, while remaining original is added
Material stirs evenly and cools the temperature to 38~43 DEG C, carries out pile-fermentation 25~35 days, needs during fermentation turning 3~4 times, passes through
The water content of the mixed material is adjusted to 55~60% after fermentation, and the pH value of the mixed material is adjusted to 6.5~
Between 7.2, mixed material is after fermenting twice up to compost；
(4), strain is sowed and is packed: Coriaria sinica mushroom strain is sowed in compost, after sowing, is fitted into culture bag,
And the compost is covered with plastic film；
(5), cultivating and managing: the nurturing period, under the conditions of 18~25 DEG C, after cultivating 45~65 days, until mycelia is complete
Minister expires bacterium bag, breaks the plastic film being covered in culture bag at this time, then divulges information and scratch bacterium annesl fruiting, that is, completes to cultivate pipe
Reason.
Further, a kind of method for cultivating Coriaria sinica mushroom of the present invention, wherein compost packet in the step (1)
Include it is following by weight percentage raw material composition: Coriaria sinica trees bits 46~50%, cow dung 18~23%, vinasse 12~15%,
Lime 6~8%, oil cake 5~7%, urea 3~5% and calcium superphosphate 2~3%, wherein it is total that mixture is added in mixed process
The brown sugar water of weight 68~75%, the concentration of the brown sugar water are 3~5%.
Further, as optimal technical scheme, a kind of method for cultivating Coriaria sinica mushroom of the present invention, wherein described
Compost includes following raw material composition by weight percentage in step (1): Coriaria sinica trees consider 48%, cow dung 20%, vinasse to be worth doing
12%, lime 7%, oil cake 6%, urea 4% and calcium superphosphate 3%, wherein total weight of the mixture 70% is added in mixed process
Brown sugar water, the concentration of the brown sugar water is 4%.
Further, a kind of method for cultivating Coriaria sinica mushroom of the present invention, wherein the step (2) and step (3)
Described in mixed material pH value adjustment during, use the mode of pulverized limestone plus water to adjust its pH value as between 6.8~7.0
?.
In the prepared compost of the present invention, raw material is used as raw material using Coriaria sinica trees bits, first is that since Coriaria sinica tree is
The trees grown under field conditions (factors), tannic acid rich in the tree body of Coriaria sinica tree, and the growth of Coriaria sinica mushroom mycelium is most
It is suitable for being grown in environment under acidic conditions, is conducive to the growth of mycelia and the formation of fructification；Second is that due to Coriaria sinica tree
Materials are convenient, are easy to make, are low in cost, the thin wood that Coriaria sinica trees bits are mainly formed with the branches and leaves of Coriaria sinica tree after crushed
Bits in actual application, or replace Coriaria sinica trees to consider to be worth doing and are used as primary raw material using wide blade profile weed tree sawdust.Cow dung is production
One of essential excrement of high-quality edible mushroom product remains full of nutrition.Vinasse are brewing industry waste, in brewing fermentation
The hydrophobic substances such as the organic matters such as a large amount of protein, fat, minerals and silicon-containing compound are had accumulated in the process, and bulk density is low, ventilation
Porosity is big, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) is high, and fertilizer-preserving ability is strong, big to soda acid and soluble-salt resiliency, content of cellulose height and ten
Divide and stablizes.Cereal starch is degraded during brewing fermentation, and mineral composition remains in vinasse, can satisfy strain and entirely grow
Demand of the phase to mineral matter nutritional.But form a large amount of organic acids during organic matter fermentation in vinasse, cause lower pH and compared with
High EC value, and vinasse saturation moisture content is lower, thus cannot separately as the compost that cultivating bacterial spawn uses, but with other raw materials
It is used in combination, the physicochemical character of its raw material can be effectively improved.Lime has sterilization, while also containing calcium constituent.Oil
It is withered be with the more seed of various oil compositions through squeeze deoil after residue made of one kind organic fertilizer, such as rape cake, cottonseed
Cake, soya-bean cake, sesame-send cake, peanut cake etc., i.e. oil cake, cake fertilizer have more minerals and protein in oil cake, thus for culture
Material provides nutrient, full of nutrition.Urea and calcium superphosphate can provide nutrition, and fertilizer efficiency is lasting, and the compost of preparation is able to satisfy
The nutritional need of Coriaria sinica mushroom can improve the yield of Coriaria sinica mushroom.
Using a kind of method of cultivation Coriaria sinica mushroom of the invention, compared with prior art, the beneficial effect is that: due to
The raw material for preparing compost is easy to get, is easy to make, is low in cost, and cow dung is the production essential excrement of high-quality edible mushroom product
One of just, residual is full of nutrition, and the vinasse after everfermentation are capable of providing mineral matter nutritional abundant, are conducive to Coriaria sinica mushroom
Growth, the strain of cultivation are easily survived, good penetrability, have many advantages, such as easily to grow, hyphal development is fast, can improve the production of Coriaria sinica mushroom
Amount and quality；Pesticide is free of in raw material simultaneously, it is ensured that the Coriaria sinica mushroom non agricultural chemical residuum of output meets green food requirement.
Specific embodiment
In order to more fully explain implementation of the invention, the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.Institute
It gives an actual example and is served only for explaining the present invention, rather than limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
A method of cultivation Coriaria sinica mushroom the described method comprises the following steps:
(1), prepare compost: the compost includes that following raw material by weight percentage is formulated: Coriaria sinica trees bits
43%, the bits crushing of Coriaria sinica trees is by cow dung 20%, vinasse 14%, lime 8%, oil cake 7%, urea 5% and calcium superphosphate 3%
0.5~0.8cm fibrous particle structure, with after everfermentation cow dung and vinasse investment blender be sufficiently mixed, mixed process
The middle brown sugar water that total weight of the mixture 65% is added, the concentration of the brown sugar water are 5%, are mixed them thoroughly, after mixing
Mixed material；
(2), raw material one time fermentation: the resulting mixed material of step (1) is carried out pile-fermentation 7~10 days, fermentation temperature 63
~65 DEG C, the color fermented to the mixed material becomes dark brown from pale yellow；45~48 DEG C are cooled the temperature to later, keep 3
~5 days, the water content of the mixed material is adjusted to 65~70%, and the pH value of the mixed material is adjusted to 6.5~
Between 6.8, pH value regulative mode is to add water to be adjusted using pulverized limestone；
(3), raw material secondary fermentation: carrying out secondary agitation for the mixed material by fermentation for the first time, while remaining original is added
Material stirs evenly and cools the temperature to 38~43 DEG C, carries out pile-fermentation 25~28, turning 3 times is needed during fermentation, turning weekly
Once, the water content of the mixed material is adjusted to 55~60% after fermented, and the pH value of the mixed material is adjusted to
Between 6.5~6.8, pH value regulative mode is to add water to be adjusted using pulverized limestone, mixed material after fermenting twice to obtain the final product
Compost；
(4), strain is sowed and is packed: Coriaria sinica mushroom strain is sowed in compost, after sowing, is fitted into culture bag,
And the compost is covered with plastic film；
(5), cultivating and managing: the nurturing period, under the conditions of 18~25 DEG C, after cultivating 45~65 days, until mycelia is complete
Minister expires bacterium bag, breaks the plastic film being covered in culture bag at this time, then divulges information and scratch bacterium annesl fruiting, that is, completes to cultivate pipe
Reason.
Embodiment 2:
A method of cultivation Coriaria sinica mushroom the described method comprises the following steps:
(1), prepare compost: the compost includes that following raw material by weight percentage is formulated: Coriaria sinica trees bits
50%, the bits crushing of Coriaria sinica trees is by cow dung 23%, vinasse 12%, lime 5%, oil cake 5%, urea 3% and calcium superphosphate 2%
0.8~1cm fibrous particle structure, with after everfermentation cow dung and vinasse investment blender be sufficiently mixed, in mixed process
The brown sugar water of total weight of the mixture 75% is added, the concentration of the brown sugar water is 3%, mixes them thoroughly, must mix after mixing
Close material；
(2), raw material one time fermentation: the resulting mixed material of step (1) is carried out pile-fermentation 7~10 days, fermentation temperature 65
~68 DEG C, the color fermented to the mixed material becomes dark brown from pale yellow；47~50 DEG C are cooled the temperature to later, keep 3
~5 days, the water content of the mixed material is adjusted to 68~72%, and the pH value of the mixed material is adjusted to 6.7~
Between 7.0, pH value regulative mode is to add water to be adjusted using pulverized limestone；
(3), raw material secondary fermentation: carrying out secondary agitation for the mixed material by fermentation for the first time, while remaining original is added
Material stirs evenly and cools the temperature to 40~43 DEG C, carries out pile-fermentation 28~32 days, needs during fermentation turning 4 times, turn over weekly
Heap is primary, the water content of the mixed material is adjusted to 55~60% after fermented, and the pH value of the mixed material is adjusted
Between 6.7~7.0, pH value regulative mode is to add water to be adjusted using pulverized limestone, and mixed material is after fermenting twice
Obtain compost；
(4), strain is sowed and is packed: Coriaria sinica mushroom strain is sowed in compost, after sowing, is fitted into culture bag,
And the compost is covered with plastic film；
(5), cultivating and managing: the nurturing period, under the conditions of 18~25 DEG C, after cultivating 45~65 days, until mycelia is complete
Minister expires bacterium bag, breaks the plastic film being covered in culture bag at this time, then divulges information and scratch bacterium annesl fruiting, that is, completes to cultivate pipe
Reason.
Embodiment 3:
A method of cultivation Coriaria sinica mushroom the described method comprises the following steps:
(1), prepare compost: the compost includes that following raw material by weight percentage is formulated: Coriaria sinica trees bits
48%, the bits crushing of Coriaria sinica trees is by cow dung 20%, vinasse 12%, lime 7%, oil cake 6%, urea 4% and calcium superphosphate 3%
0.5~0.8cm fibrous particle structure, with after everfermentation cow dung and vinasse investment blender be sufficiently mixed, mixed process
The middle brown sugar water that total weight of the mixture 70% is added, the concentration of the brown sugar water are 4%, are mixed them thoroughly, after mixing
Mixed material；
(2), raw material one time fermentation: the resulting mixed material of step (1) is carried out pile-fermentation 7~10 days, fermentation temperature 63
~68 DEG C, the color fermented to the mixed material becomes dark brown from pale yellow；45~50 DEG C are cooled the temperature to later, keep 3
~5 days, the water content of the mixed material is adjusted to 70~75%, and the pH value of the mixed material is adjusted to 6.8~
Between 7.0, pH value regulative mode is to add water to be adjusted using pulverized limestone；
(3), raw material secondary fermentation: carrying out secondary agitation for the mixed material by fermentation for the first time, while remaining original is added
Material stirs evenly and cools the temperature to 38~43 DEG C, carries out pile-fermentation 30~35 days, needs during fermentation turning 3 times, at interval of
Turning in 10 days is primary, and the water content of the mixed material is adjusted to 55~60% after fermented, and by the pH of the mixed material
Value is adjusted between 6.8~7.0, and pH value regulative mode is to add water to be adjusted using pulverized limestone, and mixed material is sent out twice
Up to compost after ferment；
(4), strain is sowed and is packed: Coriaria sinica mushroom strain is sowed in compost, after sowing, is fitted into culture bag,
And the compost is covered with plastic film；
(5), cultivating and managing: the nurturing period, under the conditions of 18~25 DEG C, after cultivating 45~65 days, until mycelia is complete
Minister expires bacterium bag, breaks the plastic film being covered in culture bag at this time, then divulges information and scratch bacterium annesl fruiting, that is, completes to cultivate pipe
Reason.
Embodiment 4:
A method of cultivation Coriaria sinica mushroom the described method comprises the following steps:
(1), prepare compost: the compost includes that following raw material by weight percentage is formulated: Coriaria sinica trees bits
53%, the bits crushing of Coriaria sinica trees is by cow dung 25%, vinasse 10%, lime 5%, oil cake 4%, urea 2% and calcium superphosphate 1%
0.8~1cm fibrous particle structure, with after everfermentation cow dung and vinasse investment blender be sufficiently mixed, in mixed process
The brown sugar water of total weight of the mixture 68% is added, the concentration of the brown sugar water is 5%, mixes them thoroughly, must mix after mixing
Close material；
(2), raw material one time fermentation: the resulting mixed material of step (1) is carried out pile-fermentation 7~10 days, fermentation temperature 65
~68 DEG C, the color fermented to the mixed material becomes dark brown from pale yellow；48~50 DEG C are cooled the temperature to later, keep 3
~5 days, the water content of the mixed material is adjusted to 68~72%, and the pH value of the mixed material is adjusted to 7.0~
Between 7.2, pH value regulative mode is to add water to be adjusted using pulverized limestone；
(3), raw material secondary fermentation: carrying out secondary agitation for the mixed material by fermentation for the first time, while remaining original is added
Material stirs evenly and cools the temperature to 40~43 DEG C, carries out pile-fermentation 25~30 days, needs during fermentation turning 4 times, turn over weekly
Heap is primary, the water content of the mixed material is adjusted to 55~60% after fermented, and the pH value of the mixed material is adjusted
Between 7.0~7.2, pH value regulative mode is to add water to be adjusted using pulverized limestone, and mixed material is after fermenting twice
Obtain compost；
(4), strain is sowed and is packed: Coriaria sinica mushroom strain is sowed in compost, after sowing, is fitted into culture bag,
And the compost is covered with plastic film；
(5), cultivating and managing: the nurturing period, under the conditions of 18~25 DEG C, after cultivating 45~65 days, until mycelia is complete
Minister expires bacterium bag, breaks the plastic film being covered in culture bag at this time, then divulges information and scratch bacterium annesl fruiting, that is, completes to cultivate pipe
Reason.
In order to illustrate using the beneficial effect of cultural method of the present invention, 1 to 4 the method for embodiment and routine are utilized
Cultural method is compared, and can shorten Spawn incubation is the time up to 15~20 days or so, and the strain of cultivation is easy survival, mycelia hair
Educate fast, the growth of mycelia and the formation of fructification are well.
A specific embodiment of the invention above described embodiment only expresses, but it cannot be understood as to this hair
The limitation of bright the scope of the patents.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, not departing from present inventive concept
Under the premise of, various modifications and improvements can be made, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method for cultivating Coriaria sinica mushroom, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps:
(1), prepare compost: the compost includes that following raw material by weight percentage is formulated: Coriaria sinica trees bits
43~53%, cow dung 15~25%, vinasse 10~15%, lime 5~10%, oil cake 4~8%, urea 2~6% and peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium 1~3%, by Coriaria sinica trees bits crush be 0.5~1cm fibrous particle structure, with after everfermentation cow dung and vinasse put into
Blender is sufficiently mixed, and the brown sugar water of total weight of the mixture 65~75% is added in mixed process, mixes them thoroughly, and mixing is equal
Mixed material is obtained after even；
(2), raw material one time fermentation: the resulting mixed material of step (1) is carried out pile-fermentation 7~10 days, fermentation temperature 63
~68 DEG C, the color fermented to the mixed material becomes dark brown from pale yellow；45~50 DEG C are cooled the temperature to later, keep 3
~5 days, the water content of the mixed material is adjusted to 65~75%, and the pH value of the mixed material is adjusted to 6.5~
Between 7.2；
(3), raw material secondary fermentation: carrying out secondary agitation for the mixed material by fermentation for the first time, while remaining original is added
Material stirs evenly and cools the temperature to 38~43 DEG C, carries out pile-fermentation 25~35 days, needs during fermentation turning 3~4 times, passes through
The water content of the mixed material is adjusted to 55~60% after fermentation, and the pH value of the mixed material is adjusted to 6.5~
Between 7.2, mixed material is after fermenting twice up to compost；
(4), strain is sowed and is packed: Coriaria sinica mushroom strain is sowed in compost, after sowing, is fitted into culture bag,
And the compost is covered with plastic film；
(5), cultivating and managing: the nurturing period, under the conditions of 18~25 DEG C, after cultivating 45~65 days, until mycelia is complete
Minister expires bacterium bag, breaks the plastic film being covered in culture bag at this time, then divulges information and scratch bacterium annesl fruiting, that is, completes to cultivate pipe
Reason.
2. a kind of method for cultivating Coriaria sinica mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: culture in the step (1)
Material include it is following by weight percentage raw material composition: Coriaria sinica trees bits 46~50%, cow dung 18~23%, vinasse 12~
15%, lime 6~8%, oil cake 5~7%, urea 3~5% and calcium superphosphate 2~3%, wherein mixing is added in mixed process
The brown sugar water of object total weight 68~75%, the concentration of the brown sugar water are 3~5%.
3. a kind of method for cultivating Coriaria sinica mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: culture in the step (1)
Material include it is following by weight percentage raw material composition: Coriaria sinica trees bits 48%, cow dung 20%, vinasse 12%, lime 7%,
Oil cake 6%, urea 4% and calcium superphosphate 3%, wherein the brown sugar water of total weight of the mixture 70% is added in mixed process, it is described
The concentration of brown sugar water is 4%.
4. a kind of method for cultivating Coriaria sinica mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step (2) and step
(3) during the pH value adjustment of mixed material described in, the mode of pulverized limestone plus water is used to adjust its pH value as 6.8~7.0
Between.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113207546A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-08-06 | 湄潭县众志菌业有限公司 | Wild mushroom breeding and planting method |
| CN114731905A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-07-12 | 贵州省马桑菌生物科技有限公司 | Plastic biological particle strain preparation formula |
| CN115885767A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-04-04 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Method for producing stropharia rugoso-annulata through graded fermentation and cultivation method for rotation of stropharia rugoso-annulata and celery |
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Application publication date: 20190927 |