CN110277301B - Ion trap with non-uniform internal air pressure distribution and working method thereof - Google Patents
Ion trap with non-uniform internal air pressure distribution and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110277301B CN110277301B CN201910579183.XA CN201910579183A CN110277301B CN 110277301 B CN110277301 B CN 110277301B CN 201910579183 A CN201910579183 A CN 201910579183A CN 110277301 B CN110277301 B CN 110277301B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/26—Mass spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/34—Dynamic spectrometers
- H01J49/42—Stability-of-path spectrometers, e.g. monopole, quadrupole, multipole, farvitrons
- H01J49/426—Methods for controlling ions
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ion trap with uneven internal air pressure distribution and a working method thereof, wherein the ion trap comprises the following steps: one of the electrodes is provided with a gas inlet (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for introducing background gas into the internal space of the ion trap, and the gas inlet direction of the background gas does not intersect with the electric field central region of the ion trap, so as to construct gas pressure bands (10, 20, 30) at least partially overlapped with the motion region (100) during ion cooling, so that ions collide with the gas pressure bands (10, 20, 30) during cooling to reduce kinetic energy. And in the whole working process of the ion trap or in the ion incidence and cooling stages, introducing background gas into the ion trap through the gas inlet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ion trap mass spectrometers, in particular to an ion trap with nonuniform internal air pressure distribution.
Background
The ion trap analyzer is one of the core components of the ion trap mass spectrometer, and the working process of the ion trap mass spectrometer can be divided into four stages of ion incidence, ion cooling (ion binding), ion analysis (emission) and ion removal. If more ions can be bound when the ions are cooled, better signal intensity can be obtained during ion analysis, so that the mass spectrometer has better performance. This is important for direct analysis of complex samples using little or no sample pre-treatment, or for miniaturization of ion trap analyzers, mass spectrometers.
The above background disclosure is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present patent application, and should not be used for evaluating the novelty and inventive step of the present application in the case that there is no clear evidence that the above content is disclosed before the filing date of the present patent application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an ion trap with non-uniform internal air pressure distribution and a working method thereof, so as to improve the sensitivity of a miniaturized and integrated ion trap mass spectrometer, which is very important for directly analyzing complex samples by using little or no sample pretreatment and also very important for improving the performance of the miniaturized mass spectrometer.
The invention provides the following technical scheme for achieving the purpose:
an ion trap with non-uniform internal gas pressure distribution comprises a plurality of metal electrodes which surround an internal space of the ion trap, wherein one electrode is provided with a gas inlet for introducing background gas into the internal space of the ion trap, and the gas inlet direction of the background gas is not crossed with the electric field central region of the ion trap so as to construct a gas pressure zone which is at least partially overlapped with a motion region during ion cooling, so that ions collide with the gas pressure zone in the cooling process to reduce kinetic energy.
Further:
the electric field center region is related to the type of ion trap: when the ion trap is a cylindrical ion trap, the electric field central area is a point; when the type of the ion trap is a linear ion trap or a rectangular ion trap, the electric field central area is a line; when the ion trap is of the toroidal ion trap type, the electric field central region is circular.
When the ion trap is a cylindrical ion trap, the metal electrodes comprise side wall electrodes and end cover electrodes at two ends; when the ion trap is a ring-shaped ion trap, the metal electrodes comprise two ring electrodes and end cover electrodes at two ends; when the ion trap is a rectangular ion trap or a linear ion trap, the metal electrodes comprise four side wall electrodes and end cover electrodes at two ends.
When the ion trap is a cylindrical ion trap, an ion exit slit is formed in a position, corresponding to the center of an electric field, of at least one of the end cover electrode and the side wall electrode, the air inlet is formed in one of the end cover electrode and the side wall electrode, and the air inlet direction of background air deviates from the center area of the electric field and the ion exit direction; when the ion trap is a ring-shaped ion trap, an ion exit slit is formed in a position, corresponding to the center of an electric field, of at least one of the end cover electrode and the ring electrode, the air inlet is formed in one of the end cover electrode or the ring electrode, and the air inlet direction of background gas deviates from the electric field center area and the ion exit direction; when the ion trap is a rectangular ion trap or a linear ion trap, an ion exit slit is formed in a position, corresponding to the center of the electric field, of at least one of the four side wall electrodes, the air inlet is formed in one of the end cover electrodes or one of the side wall electrodes, and the air inlet direction of the background gas deviates from the electric field center area and the ion exit direction.
The offset distance of the air inlet direction of the background gas deviating from the central area of the electric field is a preset value d, and the value of d is positively correlated with the radial size of the ion trap.
The air inlet is in a hole shape, an arc slit shape or a circular ring shape. The number of the hole-shaped air inlets is one or more.
The present invention further provides a working method of the ion trap with non-uniform internal gas pressure distribution, including: and in the whole working process of the ion trap or in the ion incidence and cooling stages, introducing background gas into the ion trap through the gas inlet.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, ingenious structural modification is carried out on the basis of the structure of the existing ion trap, namely, the background gas inlet is formed in a proper position, and the background gas is introduced into the ion trap, so that a high-pressure zone can be constructed in the ion trap. On the other hand, the ion emission moves from the electric field center to the ion emission slit, and the air inlet direction of the background gas does not intersect with the electric field center area of the ion trap and deviates from the ion emission direction, so that the ion emission can be prevented from being influenced by the air pressure band as much as possible under the working mode that the background gas is introduced in the whole working process. In conclusion, the invention is beneficial to improving the sensitivity of the miniaturized and integrated ion trap mass spectrometer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an exemplary cylindrical ion trap with 1 gas inlet opening on the end cap electrode;
figure 2 is a left side view of the ion trap shown in figure 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the ion trap of FIG. 1 with the high pressure gas bands formed therein from the perspective of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a cylindrical ion trap with two gas inlets in the sidewall electrode;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of an exemplary cylindrical ion trap with 2 gas inlets in the end cap electrodes;
figure 8 is a left side view of the ion trap of figure 7;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 8;
figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the ion trap of figure 7 with the high pressure gas bands formed therein from the perspective of figure 9;
fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of an exemplary cylindrical ion trap with 1 circular gas inlet slit formed in an end cap electrode;
fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of an exemplary rectangular ion trap with gas inlet slits in the sidewall electrodes;
FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of an exemplary rectangular ion trap with air inlet holes in the end cap electrodes;
fig. 14 is a schematic perspective view of an exemplary rectangular ion trap with air inlet holes in the end cap electrodes.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description of embodiments.
The working process of the ion trap analyzer comprises ion cooling and ion analysis, and the required air pressure is higher during the ion cooling; the required gas pressure is low during ion analysis, and the current ion trap cannot make the gas pressure change suddenly in the two stages. In view of the above, the present invention provides an ion trap with non-uniform internal gas pressure distribution, in which a high-pressure zone is formed by introducing background gas through a gas inlet provided in a specific position region, and the high-pressure zone is close to the electric field central region (i.e., the center of ion confinement) but is staggered with the ion emission direction. Therefore, when the ions are cooled, kinetic energy can be lost when the moving sample ions collide with the background gas, so that more ions can be efficiently bound in the center of an electric field, the signal intensity in the ion analysis stage is improved, and meanwhile, the analysis scanning process of the ions is not influenced by the introduction of the background gas in the whole ion trap working process because the high-pressure gas zone avoids the exit direction of the ions.
Therefore, the invention provides a specific technical scheme that: one or more than two air inlets are arranged on one electrode of the ion trap, the positions of the air inlets are determined according to different ion trap types and the shapes of the electrodes, as long as the air inlet direction of the background gas does not intersect with the electric field central region of the ion trap, and in order to avoid the influence of the introduced background gas on the analysis scanning (emitting) function of ions during the whole working process, the air inlet position of the background gas needs to ensure that the air inlet direction deviates from the ion emitting direction so as to ensure that the air pressure zone is avoided from the ion emitting direction as much as possible. In this way, an air pressure band is constructed which at least partially overlaps the region of motion in which the ions are cooled, so that the ions collide with the air pressure band during cooling and the kinetic energy is reduced.
The ion trap of the present invention generally comprises a sidewall electrode and two end cap electrodes, which together form an ion trap. The present invention does not specifically limit the type of ion trap and the shape of the electrode, the type of ion trap may be, for example, a cylindrical ion trap, a linear ion trap, a rectangular ion trap, or a ring ion trap, etc., and the shape of the electrode is not limited to a plate electrode, a hyperbolic electrode, a cylindrical electrode, an arc electrode, or a polygonal electrode, or even other irregularly structured electrode.
In addition, the electric field center region is related to the type of ion trap:
when the type of the ion trap is a cylindrical ion trap, the electric field center area is a point, if the cylindrical ion trap is symmetrical, the electric field center is the geometric center of the ion trap, if the cylindrical ion trap is asymmetrical, specific calculation is needed to determine the electric field center point, and the specific determination mode is the prior art and is not repeated herein;
when the type of the ion trap is a linear ion trap or a rectangular ion trap, the electric field central area is a line; if the linear ion trap or the rectangular ion trap is symmetrical, the electric field center line is a symmetry axis passing through the geometric center of the ion trap, if the electric field center line is asymmetrical, specific calculation is needed to determine the electric field center line, and a specific determination mode is the prior art and is not repeated herein;
when the ion trap is of a ring-shaped ion trap type, the electric field central area is in a circular shape; if the annular ion trap is symmetrical, the circle center of the circle as the center of the electric field is the geometric central point of the ion trap and is coplanar with the circle in the middle of the annular ion trap; if the electric field is asymmetric, calculation needs to be specifically performed to determine the electric field central region, and a specific determination method is the prior art and is not described herein again.
In summary, the background gas inlets can be arranged in different position areas according to different types of ion traps and electrode shapes thereof. The larger the size, the larger the size of the gas inlet offset from the central region of the electric field. The technical solution and principle of the present invention will be explained in detail by several specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a cylindrical ion trap is defined by a sidewall electrode 40 and two end cap electrodes 51, 52. In the example shown in fig. 1 to 4, an air inlet 1 is opened in one of the end cap electrodes 51, an ion exit slit 60 is opened in the other end cap electrode 52 at a position corresponding to the center of the electric field, or an ion exit slit (not shown) is opened in the sidewall electrode 40 at a position corresponding to the center of the electric field. Because the ion trap is of a symmetrical structure, the electric field central point O is the geometric center of the ion trap, and in order to construct a high-pressure band in the ion trap and not influence the emission of ions, the air inlet 1 deviates from the electric field center in the radial direction, thus, when background gas is introduced, the high-pressure band 10 is formed in the moving area 100 when the ions are cooled, and the high-pressure band 10 is staggered with the ion emission direction and also deviates from the electric field central area. The offset distance is preset according to the specific shape and size of the ion trap, and the offset value can be larger when the radial size of the ion trap is larger. The number of the air inlet holes may be more than one, and as shown in fig. 7 to 10, two air inlet holes 4 and 5 are formed, and two high- pressure gas bands 20 and 30 overlapped with the region 100 are correspondingly formed in the ion trap, and similarly, it is sufficient to ensure that the gas pressure bands formed in the ion trap and the ion exit direction do not intersect as much as possible. In this embodiment, the air inlet may be formed on the sidewall electrode, and as shown in fig. 5 and 6, two air inlets 2 and 3 are formed on the sidewall electrode 40, and similarly, it is sufficient that the air pressure zone formed in the ion trap and the ion emission direction do not intersect as much as possible.
The air inlet can be in the shape of a hole, an elongated arc slit or a circular ring. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 11, an annular slit 6 is formed in the end cap electrode, when the background gas is introduced from the slit 6, the gas inlet direction is deviated from the center of the electric field, and according to the slit formed with a deviation value designed in advance, the formed gas pressure band does not intersect with the ion emission direction, and does not affect the ion emission.
Similar to the cylindrical ion trap, the annular ion trap includes two annular electrodes and end cover electrodes at two ends, wherein at least one of the end cover electrodes and the annular electrodes is provided with an ion exit slit at a position corresponding to the center of the electric field, the air inlet is provided on one of the end cover electrodes or one of the annular electrodes, and the air inlet direction of the background gas deviates from the electric field center region and the ion exit direction.
The invention is applicable to the cylindrical ion trap and the annular ion trap, and is also applicable to a rectangular ion trap and a linear ion trap, wherein the rectangular ion trap and the linear ion trap are similar in structure and are surrounded by four side wall electrodes and two end cover electrodes, and only the shapes of the electrodes are different, so that the design principles of the positions of the exit slit and the air inlet are the same, and the rectangular ion trap is taken as an example for explanation. Figures 12 to 14 illustrate the case of a rectangular ion trap comprising four side wall electrodes (the longer four in the figure) and two end cap electrodes 61, 62. As shown in fig. 12, the ion exit slit 60 'of the rectangular ion trap is opened at a position corresponding to the center of the electric field on one sidewall electrode, and a background gas entrance slit 7 which is thinner than the exit slit is opened near the exit slit 60' on the sidewall electrode (the deviation value from the exit slit is also preset). Similarly, the position area of the slit is calculated in advance according to the shape and the size of the ion trap so as to ensure that the gas pressure band formed by the background gas deviates from the electric field central line and the ion emergence direction. In fig. 13, unlike fig. 12, the background gas inlet is instead on an end cap electrode 61, i.e., the gas inlet hole 8. In fig. 14, unlike fig. 12, the background gas inlet is instead on the other sidewall electrode, i.e., the inlet slit 9, not on the same sidewall electrode as the ion exit slit 60'.
According to the ion trap with the internal air pressure distribution being uneven, background gas is introduced into the ion trap through the air inlet in the whole working process of the ion trap or in the ion incidence and cooling stages, so that an uneven air pressure space in the ion trap is constructed, the movement of ions can collide with the gas to lose kinetic energy during cooling, and the ion binding efficiency is improved; and when the ions are emitted, the high pressure zone can be avoided.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several equivalent substitutions or obvious modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all the properties or uses are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an inside inhomogeneous ion trap of atmospheric pressure distribution, includes a plurality of metal electrodes that enclose into ion trap inner space, its characterized in that:
one of the electrodes is provided with a gas inlet (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for introducing background gas into the internal space of the ion trap, wherein the gas inlet direction of the background gas does not intersect with the electric field central region of the ion trap and deviates from the ion exit direction, so that under the working mode that the background gas is introduced in the whole working process, the influence of a gas pressure band on the exit of ions can be avoided as much as possible, and gas pressure bands (10, 20, 30) which are at least partially overlapped with the motion region (100) during the cooling of the ions are constructed, are close to the electric field central region and are staggered with the ion exit direction, so that the ions collide with the gas pressure bands (10, 20, 30) during the cooling process to reduce the kinetic energy.
2. The ion trap of claim 1, wherein the electric field center region is associated with a type of ion trap:
when the ion trap is of the type of a cylindrical ion trap, the electric field central region is a point (O);
when the type of the ion trap is a linear ion trap or a rectangular ion trap, the electric field central area is a line;
when the ion trap is of the toroidal ion trap type, the electric field central region is circular.
3. The ion trap of claim 1 or 2, wherein: when the ion trap is a cylindrical ion trap, the metal electrodes comprise a side wall electrode and end cover electrodes at two ends; when the ion trap is a ring-shaped ion trap, the metal electrodes comprise two ring electrodes and end cover electrodes at two ends; when the ion trap is a rectangular ion trap or a linear ion trap, the metal electrodes comprise four side wall electrodes and end cover electrodes at two ends.
4. The ion trap of claim 3, wherein:
when the ion trap is a cylindrical ion trap, an ion exit slit is formed in a position, corresponding to the center of an electric field, of at least one of the end cover electrode and the side wall electrode, the air inlet is formed in one of the end cover electrode and the side wall electrode, and the air inlet direction of background air deviates from the center area of the electric field and the ion exit direction;
when the ion trap is a ring-shaped ion trap, an ion exit slit is formed in a position, corresponding to the center of an electric field, of at least one of the end cover electrode and the ring electrode, the air inlet is formed in one of the end cover electrode or the ring electrode, and the air inlet direction of background gas deviates from the electric field center area and the ion exit direction;
when the ion trap is a rectangular ion trap or a linear ion trap, an ion exit slit is formed in a position, corresponding to the center of the electric field, of at least one of the four side wall electrodes, the air inlet is formed in one of the end cover electrodes or one of the side wall electrodes, and the air inlet direction of the background gas deviates from the electric field center area and the ion exit direction.
5. The ion trap of claim 4, wherein: the offset distance of the air inlet direction of the background gas deviating from the central area of the electric field is a preset value d, and the value of d is positively correlated with the radial size of the ion trap.
6. The ion trap of claim 1, wherein: the air inlet is in a hole shape, an arc slit shape or a circular ring shape.
7. The ion trap of claim 6, wherein: the number of the hole-shaped air inlets is one or more.
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| US5629519A (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1997-05-13 | Hitachi Instruments | Three dimensional quadrupole ion trap |
| US7034286B2 (en) * | 2002-02-08 | 2006-04-25 | Ionalytics Corporation | FAIMS apparatus having plural ion inlets and method therefore |
| GB2439107B (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2011-12-14 | Kratos Analytical Ltd | Method and apparatus for thermalization of ions |
| GB0626025D0 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2007-02-07 | Thermo Electron Bremen Gmbh | Ion trap |
| CN101399148B (en) * | 2008-09-27 | 2012-01-18 | 复旦大学 | Annular ion trap array |
| GB201104238D0 (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2011-04-27 | Micromass Ltd | Mass spectrometer |
| US20180114684A1 (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2018-04-26 | DH Technologies Development Pte Ltd. | Ion Current On-Off Switching Method and Device |
| CN104934289B (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2017-07-21 | 苏州大学 | A kind of applying method of ion strap mass analyzer and its signal |
| CN105185688B (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-03-22 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Mass spectrograph for automatically regulating air pressure inside ion trap and operation method of mass spectrograph |
| WO2017060991A1 (en) * | 2015-10-07 | 2017-04-13 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Tandem mass spectrometer |
| US9799504B2 (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-10-24 | Horiba Stec, Co., Ltd. | Ion source, quadrupole mass spectrometer and residual gas analyzing method |
| GB2547628A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-08-30 | Scheel Monteiro Tania | An aligned electro-optical hybrid trap spectrometer for cooling and characterising nanoparticles |
| US10458944B2 (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2019-10-29 | Bruker Daltonik Gmbh | Trapped ion mobility spectrometer with high ion storage capacity |
| CN106057626B (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2017-12-29 | 复旦大学 | Three-dimensional ionic mobility GC-MS |
| CN109216150B (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2020-12-15 | 株式会社岛津制作所 | Ion guiding device and guiding method |
| CN208256615U (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-12-18 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of Proton-Transfer Reactions ion source and mass spectrograph |
| CN109585258B (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-05-01 | 中国科学技术大学 | Three-dimensional ion trap system and control method thereof |
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