CN110277177A - A kind of target piece fuel pellet-clad gap method of closing - Google Patents
A kind of target piece fuel pellet-clad gap method of closing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110277177A CN110277177A CN201910495310.8A CN201910495310A CN110277177A CN 110277177 A CN110277177 A CN 110277177A CN 201910495310 A CN201910495310 A CN 201910495310A CN 110277177 A CN110277177 A CN 110277177A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- target piece
- fuel pellet
- pellet
- cladding tubes
- closing
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/06—Devices or arrangements for monitoring or testing fuel or fuel elements outside the reactor core, e.g. for burn-up, for contamination
- G21C17/07—Leak testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/02—Fuel elements
- G21C3/04—Constructional details
- G21C3/16—Details of the construction within the casing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention belongs to nuclear fuel preparation technical fields, are related to a kind of target piece fuel pellet-clad gap method of closing.The method includes the following steps: that (1) puts into fuel pellet in cladding tubes, does not fill high-purity helium, and target piece is made respectively with the involucrum seal of tube in upper and lower end with vacuum electron beam welding；(2) target piece is put into and carries out hip treatment in hot isostatic pressing furnace, be closed target piece fuel pellet-clad gap.Using target piece fuel pellet-clad gap method of closing of the invention, target piece fuel pellet-clad gap can preferably be made to be closed, not destroy the integrality of cladding tubes and internal pellet.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear fuel preparation technical fields, are related to a kind of target piece fuel pellet-clad gap closure side
Method.
Background technique
Target piece is that fuel pellet is packed into cladding tubes, and is formed respectively with cladding tubes welded seal with upper and lower end.It adopts
When manufacturing fuel element or target piece with traditional fuel pellet tubulature technique, always exist between pellet and involucrum inner wall certain
Gap.In order to improve heating conduction, the high-purity helium that certain pressure is filled in element or target piece is generally required.But it is being sintered
In the case that pellet outer circle is not ground, pellet outer diameter size is difficult to control accurately, pellet outer diameter wider distribution, to element or target piece
Manufacturing quality have a significant impact.If pellet outer diameter is less than normal, gap is excessive, will affect heating conduction and irradiation safety；Instead
It is difficult to put into cladding tubes and temporarily scrap if pellet outer diameter is bigger than normal；If gap is uneven, thermally conductive and temperature
Distribution also can be uneven.
It up to the present, is using heat together there are the most popular way in certain gap between elimination pellet and involucrum inner wall
Extrusion process makes to form metallurgical bonding between pellet and involucrum, forms integrated Plate-type Fuel Elements or target piece, such as research reactor
Template U3Si2- Al dispersion fuel and Al-NpO2Disperse neptunium target piece (uses heat together extrusion process) in early days.
But using heat together extrusion process manufacture high toxicity, the Minor actinides material such as Pu, Np, Am, Cm of hot
When, it is desirable that equipment and material are put into the glove box of sealing, shielding, and the difficulty of operation and maintenance is very big；And complex process,
Low efficiency, rejection rate are higher.If manufacturing neptunium target piece, when being post-processed after irradiation, pellet and packet using heat together extrusion process
Shell will be dissolved by the solvent together, will cause too many radioactive waste.
Therefore, few highly-safe, irradiation conversion yield height, reprocessing waste, manufacturing equipment and technique are irradiated from neptunium target piece
Simply, the principles such as overall cost is low consider, need to develop a kind of efficient, economic new skill for being closed pellet-clad gap
Art.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of target piece fuel pellet-clad gap method of closing, can preferably make
Target piece fuel pellet-clad gap closure does not destroy the integrality of cladding tubes and internal pellet.
In order to achieve this, the present invention is provided between a kind of target piece fuel pellet and involucrum in the embodiment on basis
Gap method of closing, the method include the following steps:
(1) fuel pellet is put into cladding tubes, does not fill high-purity helium, and with vacuum electron beam welding by upper and lower end
Respectively with the involucrum seal of tube, target piece is made；
(2) target piece is put into and carries out hip treatment in hot isostatic pressing furnace, make target piece fuel pellet-clad gap
Closure.
The principle of the present invention is described as follows.
By taking pellet tubulature formula neptunium target piece as an example, it will first meet the Al-NpO of designing technique condition2Fuel pellet puts into 6061
In aluminium alloy cladding tubes, there is gap between pellet and involucrum inner wall at this time, and gap is non-uniform everywhere.Then, no
High-purity helium is filled, replaces TIG weld with vacuum electron beam welding, the upper and lower end of target piece is welded with aluminium alloy cladding tubes respectively
Sealing is connect, for weld seam through Helium leak detector passed examination, target piece is qualified through decontamination rear surface dustiness.Later, target piece is put into heat etc.
Heating pressurization, heat-insulation pressure keeping regular hour in static pressure furnace, at temperature and the effect of uniform isostatic pressure, cladding tubes occur uniform
Plastic extruding deformation, to make the gap-closing between the pellet in involucrum and involucrum inner wall.
Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) is that one of field of powder metallurgy commonly uses sintering process method (with reference to Central South University's religion section
Book " powder metallurgy principle " (Huang Peiyun chief editor, metallurgical industry publishing house, 1997, page 226)).It is that powder is packed into high temperature
Under in the jackets such as glass that is non-fusible, easily-deformable, not reacting with powder or iron, and vacuumize rear welded seal；Then it puts
Enter heating in HIP furnace, is passed through high-purity argon gas pressurization, makes pressure stepless action in jacket outer surface, lead to the powder inside jacket
Uniform contraction and densification occurs.Can also be by after pressureless sintering, relative density is greater than the 94%, sintered body without aperture and is not required to
Jacket is directly placed into HIP furnace and carries out high temperature high pressure process, so that closed pore is shunk closure, this can be further improved the cause of material
Densification and mechanical property.The maximum temperature of general HIP furnace processing is 2000 DEG C, maximum pressure 200MPa.
According to Al-20wt%NpO2Neptunium target piece designing technique condition, gap, core between pellet outer diameter and outer envelope inner wall
Gap between block internal diameter and interior involucrum outer wall is 0.1mm, it is desirable that internal diameter, the outside diameter tolerance of pellet are 0.05mm.And it is real
The pellet not ground on border for outer circle after sintering, it is that comparison is difficult that internal diameter, outer diameter, which will be controlled accurately, can be because of powder
The fluctuation of the factors such as performance, molding die, sintering temperature, vacuum degree, sintering time and change.Need to study optimization heat etc.
The key process parameters such as temperature, pressure, the time of static pressure, it is ensured that gap is just closed but to have not occurred serious elements diffusion anti-
(such as variation with X-ray radiography technology observation gap) is answered, so that pellet and cladding tubes can be separated after irradiating more easily,
And ensure target piece and pellet be it is intact, i.e., apparent torsional deformation does not occur for target piece, and pellet does not also deform or opens
It splits.After heat-insulation pressure keeping, furnace cooling takes out target piece, then carries out subsequent target piece assembling.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of target piece fuel pellet-clad gap closure side
Method, wherein in step (1), after vacuum electron beam welding, also to weld seam carry out Helium leak detector detection, and to target piece surface decontamination after
Carry out dustiness detection.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of target piece fuel pellet-clad gap closure side
Method, wherein in step (1) and step (2), the fuel pellet is Al-NpO2Fuel pellet or U3Si2- Al fuel pellet.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of target piece fuel pellet-clad gap closure side
Method, wherein in step (1) and step (2), the cladding tubes are aluminium alloy cladding tubes.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of target piece fuel pellet-clad gap closure side
Method, wherein in step (1) and step (2), the cladding tubes are 6061 aluminium alloy cladding tubes.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of target piece fuel pellet-clad gap closure side
Method, wherein in step (2), the temperature of the hip treatment is 400-500 DEG C, pressure 50-200MPa, and the time is
30-60min。
The beneficial effects of the present invention are utilize target piece fuel pellet-clad gap method of closing of the invention, energy
It is enough to be preferably closed target piece fuel pellet-clad gap, do not destroy the integrality of cladding tubes and internal pellet.
The present invention is still assembled into element or target piece with traditional pellet tubulature technique, to vacuum welding sealing element or
Target piece carries out hot isostatic pressing (HIP) processing, makes the gap-closing between pellet and involucrum inner wall, while guaranteeing element or target piece
Overall appearance structure snd size are constant, are conducive to element or the target piece quick conductive when reacting in-pile irradiation, improve irradiation safety
Property.Compared with traditional heat together extrusion process, the innovative technology is simple and convenient, product qualification rate is high, and when carrying out HIP processing
Radioactive material has been fully sealed, and production operation safety is higher.In addition, the present invention can also be before ensuring to irradiate safety
It puts, optimizes element or target piece design parameter, improve irradiation yield and economy.
Specific embodiment
Illustrative target piece fuel pellet-clad gap method of closing of the invention includes the following steps:
(1) by fuel pellet (for Al-NpO2Fuel pellet or U3Si2- Al fuel pellet) cladding tubes are put into (for 6061 aluminium
Alloy cladding pipes) in, high-purity helium is not filled, and upper and lower end is made respectively with the involucrum seal of tube with vacuum electron beam welding
Target piece.After vacuum electron beam welding, Helium leak detector detection also is carried out to weld seam, and to progress dustiness inspection after target piece surface decontamination
It surveys.
(2) target piece is put into and carries out hip treatment in hot isostatic pressing furnace, make target piece fuel pellet-clad gap
Closure.The temperature of hip treatment is 400-500 DEG C, pressure 50-200MPa, time 30-60min.
Table 1 lists Al-20wt%NpO2The condition and experimental result of target piece hip treatment are (as it can be seen that temperature is most
Main influence factor).
1 Al-20wt%NpO of table2The condition and experimental result of target piece hip treatment
It can be seen that:
(1) when temperature is 400 DEG C, pressure is 50-200MPa, HIP handles 60min, gap-closing.
(2) when temperature is 450 DEG C, pressure is 50-200MPa, HIP handles 60min, can make gap-closing, and
The integrality of cladding tubes and internal pellet is not destroyed.
(3) when temperature is 500 DEG C, pressure is 50-200MPa, HIP handles 40min, and effect is good.
Therefore, optimal HIP treatment process parameter is: temperature is 400-500 DEG C, pressure 50-200MPa, and the time is
30-60min。
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
Mind and range.If in this way, belonging to the model of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technology to these modifications and changes of the present invention
Within enclosing, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.Above-described embodiment or embodiment are only to the present invention
For example, the present invention can also be implemented with other ad hoc fashions or other particular form, without departing from of the invention
Main idea or substantive characteristics.Therefore, the embodiment of description is regarded as illustrative and non-limiting in any way.This
The range of invention should be illustrated that any variation equivalent with the intention and range of claim also should include by appended claims
Within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of target piece fuel pellet-clad gap method of closing, which is characterized in that the method includes the following steps:
(1) fuel pellet is put into cladding tubes, does not fill high-purity helium, and distinguished upper and lower end with vacuum electron beam welding
With the involucrum seal of tube, target piece is made；
(2) target piece is put into and carries out hip treatment in hot isostatic pressing furnace, be closed target piece fuel pellet-clad gap.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: in step (1), after vacuum electron beam welding, also to weld seam
Helium leak detector detection is carried out, and to progress dustiness detection after target piece surface decontamination.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: in step (1) and step (2), the fuel pellet is
Al-NpO2Fuel pellet or U3Si2- Al fuel pellet.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the cladding tubes are aluminium in step (1) and step (2)
Alloy cladding pipes.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: in step (1) and step (2), the cladding tubes are
6061 aluminium alloy cladding tubes.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: in step (2), the temperature of the hip treatment is
400-500 DEG C, pressure 50-200MPa, time 30-60min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910495310.8A CN110277177B (en) | 2019-06-06 | 2019-06-06 | Method for closing gap between fuel pellet and cladding in target |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910495310.8A CN110277177B (en) | 2019-06-06 | 2019-06-06 | Method for closing gap between fuel pellet and cladding in target |
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| CN110277177A true CN110277177A (en) | 2019-09-24 |
| CN110277177B CN110277177B (en) | 2020-11-24 |
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Citations (6)
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| US4271102A (en) * | 1978-09-29 | 1981-06-02 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the production of ceramic fuel pellets for nuclear reactors |
| US5383228A (en) * | 1993-07-14 | 1995-01-17 | General Electric Company | Method for making fuel cladding having zirconium barrier layers and inner liners |
| CN103295652A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-09-11 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Nuclear fuel rod with ceramic cladding and metallic pellet |
| CN103345951A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-10-09 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | (U, np) O2transmutation fuel pellet and target preparation process |
| CN103691956A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-04-02 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Preparation technology for annular thin-walled Al-NpO2 dispersion pellets |
| US20190139654A1 (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-09 | Westinghouse Electric Company, Llc | High temperature nuclear fuel system for thermal neutron reactors |
-
2019
- 2019-06-06 CN CN201910495310.8A patent/CN110277177B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4271102A (en) * | 1978-09-29 | 1981-06-02 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the production of ceramic fuel pellets for nuclear reactors |
| US5383228A (en) * | 1993-07-14 | 1995-01-17 | General Electric Company | Method for making fuel cladding having zirconium barrier layers and inner liners |
| CN103295652A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-09-11 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Nuclear fuel rod with ceramic cladding and metallic pellet |
| CN103345951A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-10-09 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | (U, np) O2transmutation fuel pellet and target preparation process |
| CN103691956A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-04-02 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Preparation technology for annular thin-walled Al-NpO2 dispersion pellets |
| US20190139654A1 (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-09 | Westinghouse Electric Company, Llc | High temperature nuclear fuel system for thermal neutron reactors |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| RITA HOGGAN .ET AL: "Processing of surrogate nuclear fuel pellets for better dimensional control with dry bag isostatic pressing", 《HTTPS://WWW.OSTI.GOV/PAGES/SERVLETS/PURL/1367872》 * |
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| CN110277177B (en) | 2020-11-24 |
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