CN110267784A - For the method and extrusion equipment and matrix by ceramic material manufacture matrix - Google Patents
For the method and extrusion equipment and matrix by ceramic material manufacture matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN110267784A CN110267784A CN201880010889.8A CN201880010889A CN110267784A CN 110267784 A CN110267784 A CN 110267784A CN 201880010889 A CN201880010889 A CN 201880010889A CN 110267784 A CN110267784 A CN 110267784A
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/003—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles the shaping of preshaped articles, e.g. by bending
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Abstract
Present invention illustrates a kind of methods and extrusion equipment (2) for by matrix (10) of the ceramic material manufacture with scheduled first diameter (D1).Extrusion equipment (2) has in end side with the mouth (8) for sending out diameter (D2), which is less than first diameter (D1).Ceramic material, which is squeezed, presses to mobile substrate of substrate stage (14), wherein, counter-pressure is generated to the ceramic material for leaving mouth (8) via substrate of substrate stage (14), makes ceramic material broadening to first diameter (D1), to constitute matrix (10).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to being used for by ceramic material manufacture matrix with feature described in the preamble of claim 1 and 13
Method and extrusion equipment.The invention further relates to a kind of matrixes.
Background technique
Insulation to high-voltage circuit and high voltage installation is the necessary component part of high-voltage technology.In transformation and match
In electric equipment, also there is very high technical requirement to insulator.Usually using ceramic insulator as insulator.
In order to manufacture such insulator, ceramic material is used, which is configured to by extrusion forming process
So-called matrix (Hubel).Then, the expectation that matrix (also known as blank) is directed to respective application requirement is given by Cutting Process
Geometry.After drying, usually also for example apply glaze in dipping bath.Then, processed blank is fired
And obtain insulator.The density of material of this matrix plays a significant role in terms of the quality of insulator in the future.In order to produce
Raw high density of material, especially with the so-called vacuum extruding equipment being usually vertically oriented.
Using bigbore insulator is arrived in high voltage and extra-high voltage equipment, have in 200mm to 500mm range
Diameter interior or until 600mm, and it has length in the range of as unit of rice.
This vertical vacuum extruding equipment is known by 00 0,001 258 775 B of DE.The equipment have main cylinder pressure,
The mouth of extrusion head and cylinder shape.What the process and major function of the mouth of cylinder shape can be published from VEB publishing house
" Technologie der Keramik (ceramic technology) " volume 2, the 165-166 pages is learnt.Here, ceramic material is conveyed
To the extruder and evacuation arranged vertically.Then, ceramic material is compressed and is passed through and extruding by extruding screw and extrusion head
The adjacent mouth of head leaves extruder.The ceramic material tearing of mouth is left in order to prevent, and there are so-called bases for mouth lower section
Object table, the substrate of substrate stage receive ceramic material to constitute matrix and with the submitting speed sync of matrix vertically moving
Leave mouth.
Using conventional method, making has the especially bigbore matrix of the high material degree of compression can only be limitedly real
It is existing.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, a kind of for manufacturing the method and one of especially bigbore matrix the task of the present invention is providing
Kind extrusion equipment, can manufacture whereby with highdensity bigbore matrix.In addition, the task of the present invention is provide a kind of tool
There is highdensity matrix.
The task with feature described in claim 1 according to the present invention by being used to manufacture especially bigbore matrix
Method solve.Matrix is made of ceramic material and has first diameter.Here, first diameter describes the maximum of matrix
Overall diameter simultaneously thus defines base diameter.
In the method, ceramic material is pressed through mouth and is received by substrate of substrate stage, and the substrate of substrate stage is to leaving mouth
Material apply counter-pressure.Specifically, mouth is especially tapered in expansion along vertical direction since minimum interior diameter
Width, which arrives, sends out diameter, wherein interior diameter is less than base diameter.Here, ensuring mouth in end by the counter-pressure of substrate of substrate stage
It is in the region of the submitting diameter through widening and is filled uniformly with material.
Test proves, thus realizes the particularly good degree of compression in unexpected mode.Here, the degree of compression is decisive
Ground is determined by the minimum interior diameter of mouth, this is because material experienced the compression of top herein.Although (mouth quilt
Broadening) but the degree of compression is subsequent is still able to maintain.Therefore, the material of plasticity has a kind of Memorability in terms of the degree of compression.Will not or
The resilience or relaxation caused by widening due to taper only occur to a small extent.This is indicated that, with the base routinely made
Body is compared, and the contract with dry rate during drying is substantially reduced.In the matrix routinely made, it is dry during contract with dry rate be about 3% (to press
Stereometer).In using matrix made of new method described herein, the contract with dry rate during this drying is reduced to about 1%.By
In counter-pressure, while also achieving and (increasing compared to interior diameter) desired base diameter.
The advantages of design scheme is considered as the bigbore matrix that easy production has high density of material.This is just
Lead to (counter-bending) intensity in finished product insulator after firing with higher machinery.Test proves, (with routinely make
Matrix/insulator is compared) intensity can be improved about 20% to 25%.This allows to consider to have when designing insulator higher again
Intensity, and in the identical situation of intensity value, use the smaller or thinner insulator with less material.Thus it just obtains
Apparent material is saved.In general, which improves matrix and the in the future quality of insulator.In addition, thus also reducing
Rejection rate in substrate manufacturing process.In addition, this also allows to make the matrix with very big diameter, and use so far
Conventional method can not then manufacture this matrix with very big diameter (with sufficient intensity).
In method, a variety of mouth variants of diameter are suitably able to use with different (minimum) interior diameters and sent out.
Here, minimum interior diameter has the value preferably within the scope of 350mm to 500mm in all variants, especially have
Value between 430mm and 460mm.The advantages of design scheme be the variant of mouth is carried out it is consistent and easy
Assembly.
Preferably, mouth is widened from interior diameter to submitting diameter along vertical direction with a cone angle.The cone angle of mouth preferably exists
Between 2 ° and 5 °, especially within the scope of 3 ° to 4 °.Verified, the cone angle in the angular range is especially suitable for system
The especially bigbore matrix that diameter is greater than 450mm is made, which has high intensity.
In suitable design scheme, mouth has the entrance of taper in upper end.Mouth end on it as a result,
Locate that there is the diameter increased compared to minimum interior diameter.This is especially in interior diameter hour for making mouth from flange side towards extruding
The size of restriction is widened, head to ensure the consistent flange for fastening for different mouth.Pass through entering for taper
Mouth section, so that the additional compression that ceramic material is also subject in entrance region.
As an alternative, it is not provided with entrance, and mouth is from end thereon to the continuously tapered broadening of its lower end.Therefore, mouth
Part has the interior diameter at its upper end and.
In order to manufacture bigbore matrix, first diameter (base diameter) has preferably in 400mm to 650mm range herein
Interior value, the value especially within the scope of 430mm to 620mm.
The broadening of mouth in particular for set matrix desired diameter.Send out diameter have preferably 270mm with
Value between 600mm, the value especially within the scope of 400mm to 570mm.
In preferred design scheme, the ceramic material for leaving mouth passes through counter-pressure broadening to desired first diameter.
Therefore, (maximum) overall diameter of mouth sent out diameter and be less than matrix.Therefore, matrix itself constitute taperedly and from its
One diameter (maximum gauge of matrix) upwards gradually shrinking to submitting diameter.
In preferred design scheme, first diameter than sending out diameter big 5% to 15%, especially 7% to 12%,
That is the overall diameter of matrix is greater than the submitting diameter of mouth.
The length of matrix is typically within the scope of 2m to 3.5m.Typically, length is associated with base diameter, preferably at least
It is approximate directly proportional.Therefore, small base diameter of the short matrix (such as 2m) with such as 400mm to 450mm, and long matrix
(such as 3.5m) has the big diameter of such as 580mm to 630mm.
Here, matrix is preferably widened with angle taperedly, the angle is preferably within the scope of 4 ° to 7 °, and especially
It is within the scope of 5 ° to 6 °.
The area formed by the first cross-sectional area determined by (maximum) overall diameter of matrix and the second cross-sectional area
Than defining the degree of compression.Here, the second cross-sectional area is the cross-sectional area of the submitting side of extruder, it is disposed in an extruder crowded
Screw rod is pressed, which typically terminates in extruder end.Mouth is equipped with after extruder, wherein between mouth and extruder
It typically there also is provided extrusion head.The degree of compression is preferably between 3 and 5.The degree of compression is for example by proper choice of tool
There is the mouth of the interior diameter of restriction and/or by setting counter-pressure appropriate come " setting ".With first diameter (base diameter)
Increase, the degree of compression usually reduces.
In order to realize high material when constructing the matrix with the first diameter between 400mm and 500mm
Expect that intensity, the degree of compression are preferably set to 3.5 to 5 value.
The degree of compression of matrix with the first diameter within the scope of 500mm to 650mm advantageously has in 3 to 4 ranges
Value.The advantages of selected compression angle value is, the rejection rate of matrix compare made of the mouth using cylinder shape and have compared with
The conventional matrix of low degree of compression is reduced.Compared with this conventional matrix, rejection rate reduces one third to a quarter.
In an advantageous manner, the value of the counter-pressure of substrate of substrate stage is greater than 0.5N/mm2, and especially greater than 1N/mm2.Favorably
Ground, the value are up to 3.5N/mm2Or it is up to 2.5N/mm2.In particular, counter-pressure is in 1.5N/mm2With 2.5N/mm2Between
In range.
It on the one hand realizes that material deforms in taper mouth as a result, and on the other hand realizes in dependency compression matrix
Cross-sectional grain.Cross-sectional grain is formed due to the extruding screw that works in an extruder.The extruding screw, which produces, to be corresponded to
The spiral of screw pitch cuts open plane.Thus form the nested pencil body with very smooth surface.These nested pencil bodies
It is extruded in extrusion head and mouth, so that they establish closely connection, the result is that obtaining compact matrix.It is closeer in this way
Collection, the degree of compression are higher.Therefore, the ratio between the minimum interior diameter of the diameter (which defines the second cross-sectional areas) of extruding screw and mouth
It is especially important.
Using this method, preferably fabricated bigbore solid core matrix is usually made solid core pillar insulator by it.With it is hollow
Insulator is compared, and such insulator provides improved anti-breakdown strength within the scope of high voltage and extra-high voltage.It is former
On then, method described herein can be used for manufacture hollow insulator.
Task of the invention is according to the present invention also by being used to manufacture squeezing for matrix with feature described in claim 13
Equipment solves out.Matrix is formed by ceramic material with scheduled first diameter.Extrusion equipment has extruder, and in end side
With mouth.In general, there also is provided extrusion head between extruder and mouth, usually staged extrusion head.Mouth is along vertical
Direction, which extends and has in end side, sends out diameter.In addition, extrusion equipment, which also has, to be moved along and against vertical direction
Substrate of substrate stage and control device.Preferably, extruder is vertically oriented and is configured to vacuum-extruder.Here, usually in extruder
Inside, which is disposed with, evacuates room, to ceramic material exhaust and therefore to generate complete material throughput and to remove ceramics
The low-quality field trash of drop inside material.
Vertical structure type provides following advantages, that is, it the power that is generated except through screw rod and is formed by except friction,
Ceramic material also moves due to its self weight towards the direction of mouth, and it is achieved that the machinery to extruding screw removes load.Have
In consideration of it, the design scheme is provided the advantage that in the maintenance of extruder and in terms of the service life.
Extrusion head is for example constituted as follows, that is, is achieved as staged extrusion head.During manufacturing process, pottery
Porcelain material is compressed into matrix in extrusion head, it is sent via being attached to the mouth on extrusion head in end side later.
Specifically, mouth is widened from (minimum) interior diameter to submitting diameter taperedly.Interior diameter and excellent
Choosing is to send out diameter to be less than first diameter (maximum base diameter).
The task by matrix made of the above method according to the present invention especially solving.Matrix is in taperedly
Widened from upper end downward end to angle.When constructing matrix, the geometry of this taper by substrate of substrate stage be applied to from
Counter-pressure on the ceramic material of opening part is formed.
The angle is advantageously between 4 ° with 7 °, especially within the scope of 5 ° to 6 °.
The advantage cited by method and preferred design scheme can assign extrusion equipment and/or matrix with contrasting, and
And vice versa.
Detailed description of the invention
The embodiment that the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.These embodiments are partly with overly simplified diagram
Mode is shown, wherein
Fig. 1 is shown in the principle of the extrusion equipment for making matrix with mobile substrate of substrate stage and control device
Structure；
Cut open figure in the longitudinal direction that Fig. 2A to B shows two design scheme variants of mouth；
Cut open figure in the longitudinal direction that Fig. 3 shows the intercept of vacuum extruding equipment；And
Cut open figure in the longitudinal direction that Fig. 4 shows matrix.
In figure, acts on identical component and shown with identical appended drawing reference.
Specific embodiment
It is shown in Fig. 1 for the extrusion equipment 2 by matrix 10 of the ceramic material manufacture with scheduled first diameter D1
Principle on structure.Here, first diameter D1 defines that the maximum for being referred to herein as base diameter of matrix 10 is outer straight
Diameter.Extrusion equipment 2 shown in Fig. 1 is realized with vertical structure type and 12 extension along the vertical direction.Extrusion equipment 2 is used for
Make especially bigbore matrix 10.Vertical structure form, which can be realized, makes full use of the gravity for acting on ceramic material.Cause
It is corresponding to gravity direction for output direction, therefore be conducive to transmit ceramic material.
Extrusion equipment 2 has extruder 4, the extrusion head 6 in end side coupled with extruder 4 and mouth 8.Mouth 8 exists
Vertical direction 12 is seen to be abutted with extrusion head 6, and is had in end side and sent out diameter D2.Here, second diameter D2 is less than first
Diameter D1.
Extruder 4 is preferably configured as vacuum-extruder.It can be realized by the design scheme and ceramic material be vented.
Preferably, extrusion head 6 is constituted as follows, that is, makes it have multiple extruding grades.So-called staged extrusion head
It can be realized the high compression of ceramic material.
Mouth 8 is attached on extrusion head 6 and as the supplement of extrusion head 6 preferably by end side is screwed onto for structure
Make matrix 10.By being spirally connected, it is ensured that few to spend ground replacement mouth 8.
In addition, mouth 8 is constituted taperedly.Therefore, mouth 8 have (the smallest) interior diameter D3, mouth with cone angle from this
The tapered broadening of interior diameter is submitting diameter.Mouth 8 typically on vertical direction 12 have length L, the length 500mm with
Between 1200mm, especially within the scope of 700mm to 900mm.
Along the vertical direction 12 and then be from the point of view of output direction, being configured with below mouth 8 can be along and against vertical
The mobile substrate of substrate stage 14 in direction 12.The substrate of substrate stage and entire extrusion equipment 2 are controlled by control device 16.Substrate of substrate stage 14 is with such as
Under type is constituted, that is, it is made to apply counter-pressure to the ceramic material for leaving mouth 8 in operation.
By the counter-pressure of substrate of substrate stage 14, pressure is applied to the ceramic material in mouth 8, to make mouth (although taper
Ground broadening) reliably fill up.Here deciding factor is, due to the smaller interior diameter D3 compared with sending out diameter D2, makes
Obtain the high compactness that material is maintained although it experienced it and then widen.
In addition, by counter-pressure, also make to leave the ceramic material of mouth 8 preferably further by broadening to first diameter D1 with
Constitute matrix 10.The matrix 10 of tapered broadening is constituted as a result,.
For this purpose, control unit 16 and substrate of substrate stage 14 are constituted as follows, that is, so that they in operation set counter-pressure
It is set at least 0.5N/mm2Value, especially greater than 1N/mm2Or it is greater than 1.5N/mm2Value.
Expediently, counter-pressure preferably has 2.5N/mm2Value.In particular, the value is in 1.5N/mm2To 2.5N/mm2Range
It is interior.Control unit is for example connect by control route with substrate of substrate stage 14.Control unit 16 is constituted as follows on the whole, that is,
It is set to adjust entire extrusion process in the desired manner.Adjustable parameter for controling substrate of substrate stage is preferably reaction force.
Cut open figure in the longitudinal direction that the variant of mouth 8 is shown in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2 B.Mouth 8 preferably has upper end 8a, on this
End is configured with the flange for being fastened on extrusion head 6.Mouth 8 also has lower end 8b, defines in the lower end
Send out diameter D2.
Each mouth 8 is respectively provided with minimum interior diameter D3.Mouth is especially tapered in from the minimum interior diameter to be expanded with cone angle
Width, which arrives, sends out diameter D2.Preferably, continuous, uniform tapered broadening is set.But in principal it is also possible to be arranged non-tapered
Partial region, for example, being provided with the end regions of cylinder shape at the 8b of lower end.
Preferably, cone angle is between 2 ° with 5 °, especially within the scope of 3 ° to 4 °.In conjunction with by substrate of substrate stage 14
Caused extruding, by the mouth topological structure, the press ratio that can be realized ceramic material when constituting matrix 10 is existing
In technology preferred high 50% when manufactured matrix.
In the variant of A according to fig. 2, mouth 8 additionally has tapered entrance 18 at the 8a of upper end, to make
Mouth first from enter diameter D4 gradually shrinking to interior diameter D3.Tapered entrance 18 is only the length L1's of mouth 8
Extend in the segmentation of very little, such as at most extends the 5% or 10% of length L1.It is realized in the region of entrance 18 as a result,
Compression.Specifically, the size which is used to that the upper end 8a with flange to be made to reach restriction, to constitute with phase
With multiple mouth 8 with different interior diameter D3 and submitting diameter D2 of the flange of size.Thus, it is possible to by different mouth 8
Couple with identical extrusion head 6.
Correspondingly, in the design scheme of Fig. 2 B, mouth 8 is continuously widened from upper end 8a to lower end 8b.Therefore,
In this variation, interior diameter D3 is directly confirmed by upper end 8a.
According to Fig. 3, extruder 4 has well known vertical structure type.Have longitudinally cuing open extruder 4 shown in figure
First extruder part 22, the second extruder part 24, extruding screw 20, extrusion head 6 and mouth 8.
Along the vertical direction from the point of view of 12, the second extruder part 24 is adjacent in end side and the first extruder part 22.First
The ceramics are further compressed by extruding screw 20 in further process for precommpression ceramic material in extruder part 22
Material.In addition, the second extruder part 24 has longitudinal lath in inner circumferential side.Longitudinal lath supports in the second extruder portion
24 inside are divided to transmit ceramic materials.
Extruder 4 is configured to vacuum-extruder on the whole, and has evacuate room (being not shown in Fig. 3) thus.By pumping
Empty room by being vented all field trashes taken away in ceramic material, and realizes consistent material throughput.
By extruding screw 20, the transmission to ceramic material is realized.The extruding screw is in operation by surrounding rotary shaft
Line 21 rotates and drives ceramic material inside extruder 4 and compress.Due to the vertical design scheme of extruder 4, so that squeezing
Pressure screw rod 20 removes load because autonomous travel caused by gravity obtains machinery by ceramic material.Extruding screw 20 is in its end
With screw rod extremity piece, the screw rod extremity piece is via engaging section (end-tooth engaging section；Hirth-Verzahnung) with center axis connection.
Compressed ceramic material is used in the adjacent extrusion head 6 of end side and the second extruder part 24.In the second extruder
Area on the crossover position of end side between part 24 and extrusion head 6 defines the second cross-sectional area F2.
Extrusion head 6 shown in Fig. 3 is configured to staged extrusion head, equally has longitudinal plate in side in inside
Item.
Tapered mouth 8 is adjacent in end side and extrusion head 6.Mouth is in the lower end on vertical direction 12 of mouth 8
Have on portion 8b and sends out diameter D2.
In Fig. 3, the guide rod 26 at center there also is provided in mouth 8, be fastened on the guide rod in end side bell
Widening portion.The widening portion is used to construct the cavity at center.Therefore, which is arranged for constituting hollow base body.
And preferably, this guide rod 26 and bell widening portion are eliminated, and mouth 8 is configured for constituting solid core base
Body 10 does not have cavity.
Matrix 10 shown in Fig. 4 is configured to bigbore solid matrix.The solid matrix or solid core of this geometry
Matrix is preferred for high voltage and extra-high voltage technology, this is because being made from it so-called solid core pillar insulator.This type
The insulator of type has more advantage compared with hollow insulator in terms of anti-breakdown strength, therefore is preferred for high voltage and superelevation electricity
It presses in range.
Matrix 10 preferably has the trend tapered from upper end to lower end with angle beta.Advantageously, the angle 4 ° with
Between 7 °.Matrix 10 preferably has first diameter D1 in lower end, defines the first cross by the first diameter
Sectional area F1.First diameter D1 corresponds to the largest outer diameter of matrix.
Matrix 10 has in upper end corresponding to the diameter for sending out diameter D2.Matrix 10 is on vertical direction 12 from upper end
Portion has length L2 to lower end.The length is typically within the scope of 2m to 3.5m.
There is the supplement of the second cross-sectional area F2 as extruder 4 in end side, the first cross-sectional area F1 and second is transversal
Area ratio between area F2 also defines the degree of compression, which is preferably set to the value between 3 and 5.
Reference signs list
2 extrusion equipments
4 extruders
6 extrusion heads
8 mouth
The upper end of 8a mouth
The lower end of 8b mouth
10 matrixes
12 vertical directions
14 substrate of substrate stage
16 control devices
18 tapered entrances
20 extruding screws
21 rotation axis
22 first extruder parts
24 second extruder parts
26 guide rods
The cone angle of α mouth
The angle of the tapered broadening of β matrix
D1 first diameter
D2 sends out diameter
D3 interior diameter
D4 enters diameter
The first cross-sectional area of F1
The second cross-sectional area of F2
The length of L1 mouth
The length of L2 matrix
Claims (15)
1. for the side by extrusion equipment (2) by matrix (10) of the ceramic material manufacture with scheduled first diameter (D1)
Method, the extrusion equipment (2) include the mouth (8) with interior diameter (D3),
It is characterized in that,
The broadening since the interior diameter (D3) is described interior straight to submitting diameter (D2) along vertical direction (12) for the mouth (8)
Diameter (D3) is less than the first diameter (D1), and squeezes the ceramic material across the mouth (8) along the vertical direction (12)
Press to substrate of substrate stage (14), wherein counter-pressure is generated to the ceramic material for leaving the mouth (8) via described matrix platform (14).
2. according to the method described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that,
With cone angle (α) tapered broadening, the cone angle is between 2 ° and 5 ° the mouth (8), is particularly at
Between 3 ° and 4 °.
3. the method according to any one of preceding two claims,
It is characterized in that,
The mouth (8) has tapered entrance (18) at upper end (8a).
4. method according to any of the preceding claims,
It is characterized in that,
The submitting diameter (D2) is less than the first diameter (D1), so that the ceramic material for leaving the mouth (8) is logical
The counter-pressure applied by described matrix platform (14) is crossed to widen to the first diameter (D1), to constitute described matrix (10).
5. method according to any of the preceding claims,
It is characterized in that,
The first diameter (D1) is preferably between 300mm and 650mm, is particularly at 430mm to 620mm model
In enclosing.
6. method according to any of the preceding claims,
It is characterized in that,
The second diameter (D2) is preferably between 270mm and 600mm, is particularly at 400mm to 570mm model
In enclosing.
7. method according to any of the preceding claims,
It is characterized in that,
The first diameter (D1) is bigger by 5% to 15% than the second diameter (D2), and especially 7% to 12%.
8. method according to any of the preceding claims,
It is characterized in that,
It is limited the first cross-sectional area (F1) by the first diameter (D1), and the extrusion equipment (2) has extruder (4),
The extruder (4) has the second cross-sectional area (F2) in end side, and first cross-sectional area (F1) and described second
Area ratio between cross-sectional area (F2) limits the degree of compression, wherein the degree of compression is generated in operation in 3 to 5 ranges
Value.
9. according to method described in previous item claim,
It is characterized in that,
In operation, for having the matrix (10) of the first diameter (D1) within the scope of 400mm to 500mm, generation value is 3.5
The degree of compression to 5 ranges.
10. according to the method described in claim 8,
It is characterized in that,
In operation, for having a matrix (10) of first diameter (D1) within the scope of 500mm to 650mm, generation value 3 to
The degree of compression in 4 ranges.
11. method according to any of the preceding claims,
It is characterized in that,
0.5N/mm is applied more than by substrate of substrate stage (14)2It and is at most 3.5N/mm2It or is at most 2.5N/mm2, especially greater than
1N/mm2, especially in 1.5N/mm2With 2.5N/mm2Between counter-pressure.
12. method according to any of the preceding claims,
It is characterized in that,
Described matrix (10) is configured to solid core matrix.
13. described to squeeze for the extrusion equipment (2) by matrix (10) of the ceramic material manufacture with scheduled first diameter (D1)
Equipment includes out
Extruder (4),
(12) extend and have the mouth (8) of interior diameter (D3) along the vertical direction,
The substrate of substrate stage (14) that can be moved along and against vertical direction (12),
Control device (16),
It is characterized in that,
The mouth (8) is widened since the interior diameter (D3) along vertical direction (12) to submitting diameter (D2).
14. matrix (10), especially by matrix made of method according to any one of claim 1 to 12,
It is characterized in that,
Described matrix is widened with angle (β) from upper end downward end taperedly.
15. according to matrix described in previous item claim,
It is characterized in that,
The angle (β) is preferably within the scope of 4 ° to 7 °, especially between 5 ° with 6 °.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017202043.1A DE102017202043B4 (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2017-02-09 | Process and extrusion system for producing a lever from a ceramic mass and use of the lever for producing an insulator |
| DE102017202043.1 | 2017-02-09 | ||
| PCT/EP2018/053222 WO2018146224A1 (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2018-02-08 | Method and extrusion installation for producing a blank from a ceramic mass and blank |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110267784A true CN110267784A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
| CN110267784B CN110267784B (en) | 2022-08-02 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201880010889.8A Expired - Fee Related CN110267784B (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2018-02-08 | Method and extrusion device for producing a substrate from a ceramic mass, and substrate |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3580029A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6937378B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110267784B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102017202043B4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018146224A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019204236A1 (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-01 | Putzmeister Engineering Gmbh | Extruder head, extruder system and use of an extruder head and / or an extruder system |
| CN111251419A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-09 | 常灿华 | Domestic ceramic blank handling machine |
| CN115319893A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-11-11 | 湖南太阳电力电瓷电器制造有限公司 | Post insulator rapid prototyping device and theory of operation thereof |
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| US2789334A (en) * | 1953-08-18 | 1957-04-23 | M S Bowne | Clay pipe cutting mechanism |
| JP2003191216A (en) * | 2001-12-25 | 2003-07-08 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Method for producing ceramic honeycomb structure |
| EP1640130A1 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2006-03-29 | Imerys Toiture | Method of manufacturing a honeycomb structural body of fired clay |
| CN105034145A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-11-11 | 台州东新密封有限公司 | Extrusion forming die and method of ceramic pipes with closed ends |
| CN205889482U (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-18 | 广东银圭新材料科技有限公司 | Prilling granulator is used in ceramic composite production |
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| GB729036A (en) | 1951-07-05 | 1955-05-04 | Garford Bennett Ltd | Improvements in and relating to extrusion machines |
| DE1684015A1 (en) | 1964-03-12 | 1971-03-11 | Keramikmaschinen Goerlitz Veb | Vacuum extrusion unit with longitudinally divided press cylinder |
| DE2601715C3 (en) * | 1976-01-19 | 1979-03-22 | Gesellschaft Fuer Keramikmaschinen Mbh & Co Kg, 3418 Uslar | Method and device for the production of crucibles, in particular glass melting ports |
| DD130412A3 (en) | 1976-05-31 | 1978-03-29 | Guenter Schulz | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FORMING CERAMIC MASSES |
| JP2000026155A (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2000-01-25 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Production of ceramics |
| JP4462405B2 (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2010-05-12 | 修身 相羽 | Clay for pottery repair or modeling change and pottery repair or modeling change method |
| DE102010002248A1 (en) | 2010-02-23 | 2011-10-06 | Bhs Tabletop Ag | Device for processing porcelain material, comprises first processing unit for dividing porcelain material into solid portions, and second processing unit for compressing and/or homogenizing solid portions to processed porcelain material |
-
2017
- 2017-02-09 DE DE102017202043.1A patent/DE102017202043B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2018
- 2018-02-08 JP JP2019543034A patent/JP6937378B2/en active Active
- 2018-02-08 CN CN201880010889.8A patent/CN110267784B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2018-02-08 EP EP18704959.8A patent/EP3580029A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-02-08 WO PCT/EP2018/053222 patent/WO2018146224A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2789334A (en) * | 1953-08-18 | 1957-04-23 | M S Bowne | Clay pipe cutting mechanism |
| JP2003191216A (en) * | 2001-12-25 | 2003-07-08 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Method for producing ceramic honeycomb structure |
| EP1640130A1 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2006-03-29 | Imerys Toiture | Method of manufacturing a honeycomb structural body of fired clay |
| CN105034145A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-11-11 | 台州东新密封有限公司 | Extrusion forming die and method of ceramic pipes with closed ends |
| CN205889482U (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-18 | 广东银圭新材料科技有限公司 | Prilling granulator is used in ceramic composite production |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2020506831A (en) | 2020-03-05 |
| EP3580029A1 (en) | 2019-12-18 |
| JP6937378B2 (en) | 2021-09-22 |
| DE102017202043A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 |
| CN110267784B (en) | 2022-08-02 |
| DE102017202043B4 (en) | 2020-08-06 |
| WO2018146224A1 (en) | 2018-08-16 |
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