CN110267349B - Improved 5G dynamic TDD network cell cluster interference coordination method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an improved 5G dynamic TDD network cell clustering interference coordination scheme for realizing interference suppression of cross time slot interference generated by adopting a dynamic TDD mode in a 5G ultra-dense network. Meanwhile, the interference among user equipment and the interference among base station equipment in the 5G ultra-dense network are considered for dynamic clustering, and a low-complexity clustering mode is adopted, so that the low-power nodes in the ultra-dense network can be dynamically clustered in a small time scale. Compared with a cell using a traditional cell clustering method for interference coordination, the improved 5G dynamic TDD network cell clustering interference coordination scheme not only can improve the uplink throughput of the system, but also can improve the downlink throughput of the system, and achieves ideal performance in a 5G ultra-dense network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to an improved 5G dynamic TDD network cell cluster interference coordination method.
Background
In order to adapt to dynamically-changing and asymmetric uplink and downlink flows, according to short-time flow requirements, flexible utilization of downlink and uplink frequency spectrums of cells is realized, and one of key technologies of deployment 5G of the cells of dynamic TDD (time division duplex) adopting orthogonal frequency division multiple access is adopted.
The problem of cross time slot interference generated by the dynamic TDD mode is an important content of interference coordination in a 5G dynamic TDD network, the interference coordination is carried out by a cell clustering method, so that larger system throughput can be achieved in the 5G dynamic TDD network, and the cell clustering method is widely studied by the coupling loss between base stations. Due to the low power and dense distribution characteristics of the base stations in the cells in the 5G ultra-dense network, the traditional cell clustering method is not applicable any more.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to solve the problem that the traditional cell clustering method is not applicable due to the characteristics of low power and dense distribution of the base stations in the cells in the 5G ultra-dense network.
The technical method comprises the following steps: in order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical method:
an improved 5G dynamic TDD network cell cluster interference coordination method comprises the following steps:
(1) In order to adapt to the dynamic change of the flow, a timer of 10ms is set, and the process of triggering the cell cluster to perform interference coordination is restarted by the timer or the SINR level of the uplink and the downlink of the cell is lower than a threshold value;
(2) Before interference coordination, selecting corresponding TDD configuration in the femto base station according to the current traffic of each cell until clustering and then adjusting; in the interference coordination process, the cells in the same cluster adopt the same uplink and downlink subframe configuration after clustering;
(3) For femto base stations, the base stations triggered to cluster inform neighboring cells to execute interference coordination through inter-base station interfaces; the triggered base station is used as a reference base station of the cluster, the separation degree of all cells and all cells of the adjacent cells is calculated, and then the cell clustering is carried out, so that a cell clustering result is obtained.
Further, in step (2), the initial TDD configuration specifically includes the following steps:
(11) Firstly, calculating the ratio of the downlink flow to the uplink flow of each cell and the ratio of the downlink subframe to the uplink subframe in a TDD special subframe configuration table, wherein the ratio R of the downlink flow to the uplink flow of the ith cell i And the ratio R of the downlink subframe and the uplink subframe of the mth configuration in the TDD configuration table m The calculation is as follows:
wherein the method comprises the steps of
Traffic buffered downstream for the i-th cell,/->
The flow of the uplink buffer memory of the ith cell; />
The number of downlink subframes in the mth configuration in the TDD configuration table; />
The number of uplink subframes in the mth configuration; />
The number of special subframes in the mth configuration; r is R DwPTS The proportion of the downlink subframes in the special subframes is as follows; r is R UwPTS The proportion of uplink subframes in the special subframes;
(12) Selecting a configuration mode m with the ratio of downlink sub-frames to uplink sub-frames closest to the downlink/uplink traffic ratio of a cell i from 7 TDD frame configurations specified by LTE i The current uplink/downlink configuration of the cell i is represented as follows:
further, in step (2), the clustered TDD configuration specifically includes the following steps:
(21) Calculating the downlink/uplink flow ratio of a cell cluster, and taking the ratio of the sum of the downlink flows and the sum of the uplink flows of all cells in the cell cluster x as the ratio R of the downlink flow and the uplink flow of the cluster X ；
Wherein the method comprises the steps of
For the downstream traffic of the nth cell in cluster x,/for the cell in cluster x>
For the uplink traffic of the nth cell in cluster x, N x The total number of cells in cluster x;
(22) Selecting a configuration mode i with the ratio of downlink subframes to uplink subframes closest to the downlink/uplink traffic ratio of the cell cluster x from 7 TDD configurations x As uplink and downlink configuration of all cells in the cell cluster x, the following is expressed:
wherein R is x The ratio of the downlink flow to the uplink flow in the actual cache in the cell cluster x is obtained;
further, the calculation of the separation degree in the step (3) specifically includes the following steps:
(31) The coupling loss between all base stations and all base stations in the adjacent cell is calculated respectively, and the coupling loss between the base stations in the cell i and the adjacent cell k is calculated according to the following calculation formula:
CL BS (k,i)＝PL BS (k,i)-TAG BS (k)-RAG BS (i)(dB)
wherein CL is BS (k, i) is the coupling loss between base stations of cell i to cell k, PL BS (k, i) is the path loss between the base stations of cell i to cell k, TAG BS (k) Transmitting antenna gain, RAG, for base station of cell k BS (i) A receiving antenna gain for a base station of cell i;
(32) The coupling loss between the user equipment in all cells and the user equipment in all cells of the neighbor cell is calculated respectively, and the coupling loss between the user equipment in the cell i and the user equipment in the cell k is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein CL is UE (k, i) is the coupling loss between cell i and cell k user equipments, PL UE (n k ,n i ) Is the nth in cell i i Individual user equipment and nth in cell k k Path loss, TAG, between individual user equipments UE (n k ) Is the nth in cell k k Transmitting antenna gain, RAG, of individual user equipment UE (n i ) Is the nth in cell i i Receiving antenna gain, N, of individual user equipment k N is the total number of user equipments in cell k i The total number of the user equipment in the cell i;
(33) The difference values of the downlink/uplink flow rates of all cells and all cells in the neighboring cell are calculated respectively, and the absolute values of the downlink/uplink flow rate difference values of the cell i and the cell k are expressed as follows:
wherein R is Cell (i) R is the downlink/uplink traffic ratio of cell i Cell (k) Is the downlink/uplink traffic ratio of cell k,
total traffic for downlink buffer of cell i,/->
Total traffic for the uplink buffer of cell i,/->
Total traffic for downlink buffer of cell k,/v>
The total flow of the uplink buffer memory of the cell k;
(34) The separation degree of all cells and all cells of the adjacent cells is calculated respectively, and the separation degree of the cell where the cell i is located and the cell k is related to three factors: the coupling loss between the base station of the cell i with the weight delta and the base station of the cell k, the coupling loss between the user equipment of the cell i with the weight beta and the cell k, and the difference between the uplink and downlink traffic of the cell i with the weight lambda and the cell k; the calculation formula of the separation degree is as follows:
wherein DM (k, i) is the separation of cell i from cell k,
for the average value of the coupling losses of base stations between every two cells +.>
To represent the average value of the coupling losses of the user equipments between cells of all cells +.>
Is the average value of the downlink traffic and the uplink traffic ratio of all cells.
Further, in the step (3), the cell cluster specifically includes the following steps:
(35) Establishing a clustering matrix, obtaining coupling loss and flow buffering information through signaling interaction by cells according to definition of the DM, calculating to obtain the DM, and calculating separation degree DM between every two cells to obtain a clustering matrix DM= [ DM ki ]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When k=i, DM ki ＝0；
(36) Setting clustered threshold DM 0 Assuming that the total number of base stations is K, firstly randomly selecting a cell with SINR lower than a set threshold as a main cell of a cluster, then checking DM of other cells and the main cell, and when DM of a certain cell and the main cell is larger than the threshold DM 0 When the cell and the main cell are classified into the same cluster;
(37) Taking the cluster classified in the step (36) as an initial cluster, and circularly performing the above operation on all cells except the main cell, wherein DM is larger than a threshold DM 0 Is placed in an initial clusterObtaining a first cluster;
(38) Then randomly selecting a cell which has SINR lower than the set threshold value and is not in the cluster as a main cell of the cluster, and carrying out the operation on all the rest cells until all the cells which have SINR lower than the set threshold value are already classified into the cluster;
(39) Then randomly selecting the main cell which is not in the cluster and is used as the cluster to perform the operation on all the rest cells until all the cells are already divided into disjoint cell clusters;
(40) And when the SINR level of the uplink and the downlink of any cell is lower than the threshold value or the timer restarts to count, the clustering of the cells is started again.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention provides an improved cell clustering algorithm, a method for solving the interference coordination problem in a 5G dynamic TDD ultra-dense network, and meanwhile, the method considers the interference among user equipment and the interference among base station equipment in the 5G ultra-dense network to carry out dynamic clustering, compared with a cell using the traditional clustering algorithm for interference coordination, the improved 5G dynamic TDD network cell clustering interference coordination method not only can improve the uplink throughput of a system, but also can improve the downlink throughput of the system, and obtains ideal performance in the 5G ultra-dense network.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an algorithm of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a double block building model according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical method of the present invention will be described in detail below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.
The invention provides an improved 5G dynamic TDD network cell cluster interference coordination method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) In order to adapt to the dynamic change of the flow, a timer of 10ms is set, and the process of triggering the cell cluster to perform interference coordination is restarted by the timer or the SINR level of the uplink and the downlink of the cell is lower than a threshold value;
(2) Before interference coordination, selecting corresponding TDD configuration in the femto base station according to the current traffic of each cell until clustering and then adjusting; the initial TDD configuration specifically includes the steps of:
(11) First, the ratio R of the downlink traffic and the uplink traffic of the ith cell i And the ratio R of the downlink subframe and the uplink subframe of the mth configuration in the TDD configuration table m The calculation is as follows:
wherein the method comprises the steps of
Traffic buffered downstream for the i-th cell,/->
The flow of the uplink buffer memory of the ith cell; />
The number of downlink subframes in the mth configuration in the TDD configuration table; />
The number of uplink subframes in the mth configuration; />
The number of special subframes in the mth configuration; r is R SwPTS The proportion of the downlink subframes in the special subframes is as follows; r is R UwPTS The proportion of uplink subframes in the special subframes;
(12) Selecting the ratio of downlink sub-frame and uplink sub-frame from 7 TDD frame configurations specified by LTE and the downlink/uplink traffic ratio of cell i as the most effectiveApproach arrangement m i The current uplink/downlink configuration of the cell i is represented as follows:
in the interference coordination process, the cells in the same cluster adopt the same uplink and downlink subframe configuration after clustering; the clustered TDD configuration specifically comprises the following steps:
(21) Calculating the downlink/uplink flow ratio of a cell cluster, and taking the ratio of the sum of the downlink flows and the sum of the uplink flows of all cells in the cell cluster x as the ratio R of the downlink flow and the uplink flow of the cluster X ；
Wherein the method comprises the steps of
For the downstream traffic of the nth cell in cluster x,/for the cell in cluster x>
For the uplink traffic of the nth cell in cluster x, N x The total number of cells in cluster x;
(22) Selecting a configuration mode i with the ratio of downlink subframes to uplink subframes closest to the downlink/uplink traffic ratio of the cell cluster x from 7 TDD configurations x As uplink and downlink configuration of all cells in the cell cluster x, the following is expressed:
wherein R is x The ratio of the downlink flow to the uplink flow in the actual cache in the cell cluster x is obtained;
(3) For femto base stations, the base stations triggered to cluster inform neighboring cells to execute interference coordination through inter-base station interfaces; the triggered base station is used as a reference base station of the cluster, the separation degree of all cells and all cells of the adjacent cells is calculated, and then the cell clustering is carried out, so that a cell clustering result is obtained.
The calculation of the separation degree specifically comprises the following steps:
(31) The coupling loss between all base stations and all base stations in the adjacent cell is calculated respectively, and the coupling loss between the base stations in the cell i and the adjacent cell k is calculated according to the following calculation formula:
CL BS (k,i)＝PL BS (k,i)-TAG BS (k)-RAG BS (i)(dB)
wherein CL is BS (k, i) is the coupling loss between the base stations of cell i to cell k, is the path loss between the base stations of cell i to cell k, TAG BS (k) Transmitting antenna gain, RAG, for base station of cell k BS (i) A receiving antenna gain for a base station of cell i;
(32) The coupling loss between the user equipment in all cells and the user equipment in all cells of the neighbor cell is calculated respectively, and the coupling loss between the user equipment in the cell i and the user equipment in the cell k is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein CL is UE (k, i) is the coupling loss between cell i and cell k user equipments, PL UE (n k ,n i ) Is the nth in cell i i Individual user equipment and nth in cell k k Path loss, TAG, between individual user equipments UE (n k ) Is the nth in cell k k Transmitting antenna gain, RAG, of individual user equipment UE (n i ) Is the nth in cell i i Receiving antenna gain, N, of individual user equipment k N is the total number of user equipments in cell k i The total number of the user equipment in the cell i;
(33) The difference values of the downlink/uplink flow rates of all cells and all cells in the neighboring cell are calculated respectively, and the absolute values of the downlink/uplink flow rate difference values of the cell i and the cell k are expressed as follows:
wherein R is Cell (i) R is the downlink/uplink traffic ratio of cell i Cell (k) Is the downlink/uplink traffic ratio of cell k,
total traffic for downlink buffer of cell i,/->
Total traffic for the uplink buffer of cell i,/->
Total traffic for downlink buffer of cell k,/v>
The total flow of the uplink buffer memory of the cell k;
(34) The separation degree of all cells and all cells of the adjacent cells is calculated respectively, and the separation degree of the cell i and the cell k is related to three factors: the coupling loss between the base station of the cell i with the weight delta and the base station of the cell k, the coupling loss between the user equipment of the cell i with the weight beta and the cell k, and the difference between the uplink and downlink traffic of the cell i with the weight lambda and the cell k; the calculation formula of the separation degree is as follows:
wherein DM (k, i) is the separation of cell i from cell k,
for the average value of the coupling losses of base stations between every two cells +.>
To represent user equipment between cellsAverage value of coupling loss, ">
Is the average value of the downlink traffic and the uplink traffic ratio of all cells.
The cell cluster specifically comprises the following steps:
(35) Establishing a clustering matrix, obtaining coupling loss and flow buffering information through signaling interaction by cells according to definition of the DM, calculating to obtain the DM, and calculating separation degree DM between every two cells to obtain a clustering matrix DM= [ DM ki ]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When k=i, DM ki ＝0；
(36) Setting clustered threshold DM 0 Assuming that the total number of base stations is K, a primary cell serving as a cluster of a cell with SINR lower than a set threshold is randomly selected, then DM of other cells and the primary cell is checked, and when DM of a certain cell and the primary cell is larger than the threshold DM 0 When the cell and the main cell are classified into the same cluster;
(37) Taking the cluster classified in the step (36) as an initial cluster, and circularly performing the above operation on all cells except the main cell, wherein DM is larger than a threshold DM 0 The cell of (a) is put into an initial cluster to obtain a first cluster;
(38) Then randomly selecting a main cell which is used as a cluster and is not in a cell of the cluster and has SINR lower than the set threshold value to perform the operation on all the rest cells until all the cells with SINR lower than the set threshold value are already classified into the cluster;
(39) Then randomly selecting the main cell which is not in the cluster and is used as the cluster to perform the operation on all the rest cells until all the cells are already divided into disjoint cell clusters;
(40) And when the SINR level of the uplink and the downlink of any cell is lower than the threshold value or the timer restarts to count, the clustering of the cells is started again.
Examples:
(1) Considering an indoor double-block building model densely covered by femto base stations, each building has 6 layers, each layer has 2 rows of rooms, one row has 10 rooms, and the length, width and height of each room are respectively 10m,10m and 3m. It is assumed that the transmission power of the femto base station and the transmission power of the user equipment are not widely separated by a magnitude difference and that the penetration loss of the building wall is taken into consideration. The distribution of the base stations and the user equipment is random, firstly, the number K of the cells is designated, then K rooms are randomly selected, and the base station and the user equipment are scattered randomly in each selected room until K rooms are scattered, so that the number of the base stations is 0 or 1 for each room in the indoor double-block building.
(2) Before interference coordination, setting parameters and configuring TDD frames of the initial state femtocells. Wherein the carrier frequency is 2GHz, the femto base station power is set to 23dBm, the maximum power of the user equipment is 23dBm, the femto cell noise is 13dBm, and the user equipment noise is 9dB. And selecting corresponding TDD configuration according to the current traffic of each femtocell until the adjustment is performed after clustering.
(3) A timer of 10ms is set and clustering is triggered by the SINR level of the femto base station being below a threshold or the timer restarting. For femto base stations, the base stations triggered to cluster inform neighboring cells to execute interference coordination through inter-base station interfaces; the triggered base station is used as a reference base station of the cluster, and the neighbor base stations are clustered through an improved femtocell clustering criterion; the clustering result divides femtocells of the triggered base station and the base station with serious interference into one cluster, and finally the femtocell clustering result is obtained. Femtocells in the same cluster after clustering adopt the same uplink and downlink subframe configuration.
(4) The improved 5G dynamic TDD network cell cluster interference coordination method can simultaneously improve the uplink throughput and the downlink throughput of the system, especially in the case of ultra-dense networks.
Compared with the traditional cell clustering method, the improved 5G dynamic TDD network cell clustering interference coordination method can simultaneously solve the problems of BS-BS interference and UE-UE interference in cross interference, greatly improves the system performance and has obvious advantages in the downlink throughput performance.
Claims (1)
1. An improved 5G dynamic TDD network cell cluster interference coordination method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) In order to adapt to the dynamic change of the flow, a timer of 10ms is set, and the process of triggering the cell cluster to perform interference coordination is triggered by restarting the timing of the timer or by the fact that the SINR level of the uplink and the downlink of the cell is lower than a threshold value, specifically comprising the following steps:
(11) Firstly, calculating the ratio of the downlink flow to the uplink flow of each cell and the ratio of the downlink subframe to the uplink subframe in a TDD special subframe configuration table, wherein the ratio R of the downlink flow to the uplink flow of the ith cell i And the ratio R of the downlink subframe and the uplink subframe of the mth configuration in the TDD configuration table m The calculation is as follows:
wherein the method comprises the steps of
Traffic buffered downstream for the i-th cell,/->
The flow of the uplink buffer memory of the ith cell; />
The number of downlink subframes in the mth configuration in the TDD configuration table; />
The number of uplink subframes in the mth configuration; />
The number of special subframes in the mth configuration; r is R DwPTS The proportion of the downlink subframes in the special subframes is as follows; r is R UwPTS The proportion of uplink subframes in the special subframes;
(12) Selecting a configuration mode m with the ratio of downlink subframes to uplink subframes closest to the downlink/uplink traffic ratio of a cell i from 7 TDD frame configurations specified by LTE i The current uplink/downlink configuration of the cell i is represented as follows:
(2) Before interference coordination, selecting corresponding TDD configuration in the femto base station according to the current traffic of each cell until clustering and then adjusting; in the interference coordination process, cells in the same cluster adopt the same uplink and downlink subframe configuration after clustering, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(21) Calculating the downlink/uplink flow ratio of a cell cluster, and taking the ratio of the sum of the downlink flows and the sum of the uplink flows of all cells in the cell cluster x as the ratio R of the downlink flow and the uplink flow of the cluster X ；
Wherein the method comprises the steps of
For the downstream traffic of the nth cell in cluster x,/for the cell in cluster x>
For the uplink traffic of the nth cell in cluster x, N x The total number of cells in cluster x;
(22) Selecting a configuration mode m with the ratio of downlink subframes to uplink subframes closest to the downlink/uplink traffic ratio of the cell cluster x from 7 TDD configurations x As uplink and downlink configuration of all cells in the cell cluster x, the following is expressed:
wherein R is x The ratio of the downlink flow to the uplink flow in the cell cluster x;
(3) For femto base stations, the base stations triggered to cluster inform neighboring cells to execute interference coordination through inter-base station interfaces; the triggered base station is used as a reference base station of the cluster, the separation degree of all cells and all cells of the adjacent cell is calculated firstly, and then the cell clustering is carried out, so as to obtain a cell clustering result; the calculation of the separation degree specifically comprises the following steps:
(31) The coupling loss between all base stations and all base stations in the adjacent cell is calculated respectively, and the coupling loss between the base station in the cell i and the base station in the adjacent cell k is calculated according to the following calculation formula:
CL BS (k,i)＝PL BS (k,i)-TAG BS (k)-RAG BS (i)(dB)
wherein CL is BS (k, i) is the coupling loss between base stations of cell i to cell k, PL BS (k, i) is the path loss between the base station of cell i to the base station of cell k, TAG BS (k) Transmitting antenna gain, RAG, for base station of cell k BS (i) A receiving antenna gain for a base station of cell i;
(32) The coupling loss between the user equipment in all cells and the user equipment in all cells of the neighbor cell is calculated respectively, and the coupling loss calculation formula of the user equipment of the cell i and the user equipment of the cell k is as follows:
wherein CL is UE (k, i) loss of coupling between user equipment of cell i to user equipment of cell k, PL UE (n k ,n i ) Is the nth in cell i i Individual user equipment and nth in cell k k Path loss, TAG, between individual user equipments UE (n k ) Is the nth in cell k k Transmitting antenna gain, RAG, of individual user equipment UE (n i ) Is in cell iNth (n) i Receiving antenna gain, N, of individual user equipment k N is the total number of user equipments in cell k i The total number of the user equipment in the cell i;
(33) The difference values of the downlink/uplink flow rates of all cells and all cells in the neighboring cell are calculated respectively, and the absolute values of the downlink/uplink flow rate difference values of the cell i and the cell k are expressed as follows:
wherein R is i R is the downlink/uplink traffic ratio of cell i k Is the downlink/uplink traffic ratio of cell k,
traffic buffered downstream for cell i, < >>
Traffic buffered upstream for cell i, < >>
Total traffic for downlink buffer of cell k,/v>
The total flow of the uplink buffer memory of the cell k;
(34) The separation degree of all cells and all cells of the adjacent cells is calculated respectively, and the separation degree of the cell where the cell i is located and the cell k is related to three factors: the coupling loss between the base station of the cell i with the weight delta and the base station of the cell k, the coupling loss between the user equipment of the cell i with the weight beta and the cell k, and the difference between the uplink and downlink traffic of the cell i with the weight lambda and the cell k; the calculation formula of the separation degree is as follows:
wherein DM (k, i) is cell i to cellThe degree of separation of k,
for the average value of the coupling losses of base stations between every two cells +.>
To represent the average value of the coupling losses of the user equipments between cells of all cells +.>
The average value of the ratio of the downlink traffic to the uplink traffic of all cells;
the cell cluster specifically comprises the following steps:
(35) Establishing a clustering matrix, namely obtaining coupling loss and flow buffering information through signaling interaction by cells according to definition of the DM, calculating to obtain the DM, and calculating the separation degree DM between every two cells to obtain a clustering matrix DN, DN= (k, i); when k=i, DM (k, i) =0;
(36) Setting clustered threshold DM 0 Assuming that the total number of base stations is K, a primary cell serving as a cluster of a cell with SINR lower than a set threshold is randomly selected, then DM of other cells and the primary cell is checked, and when DM of a certain cell and the primary cell is larger than the threshold DM 0 When the cell and the main cell are classified into the same cluster;
(37) Taking the cluster classified in the step (36) as an initial cluster, and circularly carrying out the step (36) on all cells except the main cell, wherein DM is larger than a threshold DM 0 The cell of (a) is put into an initial cluster to obtain a first cluster;
(38) Then randomly selecting a main cell which is used as a cluster and is not in a cell of the cluster and has SINR lower than the set threshold value, and performing step 21-22 operation on all the rest cells until all the cells with SINR lower than the set threshold value are already clustered;
(39) Then, randomly selecting a main cell which is not in the cluster and is used as the cluster, and performing step 36-37 operation on all the rest cells until all the cells are already divided into disjoint cell clusters;
(40) And when the SINR level of the uplink and the downlink of any cell is lower than the threshold value or the timer restarts to count, the clustering of the cells is started again.
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