CN110267294A - Random relay selection method based on energy cooperation - Google Patents
Random relay selection method based on energy cooperation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110267294A CN110267294A CN201910526972.7A CN201910526972A CN110267294A CN 110267294 A CN110267294 A CN 110267294A CN 201910526972 A CN201910526972 A CN 201910526972A CN 110267294 A CN110267294 A CN 110267294A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/06—Testing, supervising or monitoring using simulated traffic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/04—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources
- H04W40/10—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources based on available power or energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/12—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/22—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of random relay selection method based on energy cooperation, solve the problems, such as in wireless relay network because caused by energy constraint interruption performance it is poor.Implementation is: the traffic model of setting transmission data；The selection of communication link is carried out according to the battery status of the position distribution situation of relay node and source node, calculates the signal-to-noise ratio of relay node and destination node received signal and communication link；Source node and relay node can collect energy from environment, calculate the energy consumption of battery steady-state distribution and transmission link；According to signal-to-noise ratio and battery steady-state distribution, the outage probability expression formula for measuring system performance is obtained.Present invention introduces energy cooperations, carry out energy cooperation to source node and relay node, carry out communication link selection with the steady-state distribution of battery, obtain the outage probability of relay-model, smaller outage probability can get using the present invention, more preferably, taking for wireless relay network can communicate performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication technology fields, are related to relayed communications under energy cooperates, specifically a kind of to be based on energy
The random relay selection method of cooperation is used for network communication of wireless sensor.
Background technique
Currently, within a wireless communication network, relaying can assist source node to transmit data to up to destination node and saving
Power system capacity is improved while saving transmission power, therefore relaying technique becomes one of the research hotspot of the communications field.But due in
After the frequent use of node, and the replacement of node battery can not be regularly carried out, lead to occur Energy volution in network to ask
The bottleneck that topic, and then affects the service life of sensor network, and the appearance of energy collection technology can overcome just.
Initially, energy is collected in energy collection technology consideration from ambient enviroment, supports to lead to by sunlight, wind and tide etc.
Believe equipment.1958, solar energy, which is converted directly into electric energy, became a breakthrough achievement, various forms of under this inspiration
The conversion of energy and electric energy is widely studied, but application range is only limitted near field.And the development of RF signal is far-field energy transmission
Open new frame.J.Hu and K.Yang et al. finishing analysis collection of energy and energy transmission key technology in recent years,
It illustrates and collects energy from ambient enviroment and have the characteristics that unpredictable, inefficient, and extract energy to from RF signal
The hardware technology of amount is assessed, and proposes that radio frequency (RF) signal can be realized wireless energy transfer, while these energy are gradually
Tend to charge whenever and wherever possible.In addition, radio frequency signal can carry energy and information simultaneously.Due to energy collection technology energy
In enough effective service life for extending sensor network, collection of energy and relaying technique are incorporated in one by more and more researchs in recent years
It rises, Gunduz D and Devillers B have studied three node communication models within 2011, it is assumed that source node energy constraint, relaying section
Point energy acquisition power supply, while influence of the different relaying operating modes to throughput of system is analyzed, propose optimal power point
With scheme, hereafter, the energy relay model that the battery status of relay node is modeled as Markov model is suggested, and is equipped with
There is the bifurcation battery of store function, by wireless energy transfer relay node battery is electrically charged, in decoding forwarding association
Under view, is proposed based on unidirectional double bounce trunk channel corresponding to different conditions channel prompting message requirement and realized in complexity
After selection strategy, and the outage probability of system is obtained.And using minimum packet loss as Optimality Criteria, i.e. source node and relay node
Energy can be collected from ambient enviroment, and relay node transmits energy to source node while sending data to destination node
Amount.Under normal conditions, because relay node can not accurately know the position of source node, energy is had ignored to a certain extent
Measure the loss of energy in the feasibility and transmission process of transmission direction.
To sum up, lack in the status of relay cooperative communication in the prior art to the acquisition of relaying node energy and transmit specific
There is blindly transmission and energy consumption, cause the outage probability of system bigger than normal in analysis.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, propose a kind of base for obtaining smaller outage probability
In the random relay selection method of energy cooperation.
The present invention is a kind of random relay selection method based on energy cooperation, which is characterized in that source node and relaying
Node carries out energy cooperating analysis, comprises the following steps that
(1) establish one-way junction network model: communications model is one-way junction network, include a source node,
One destination node and multiple relay nodes using decoding pass-through mode, are respectively labeled as S, D and Ri, wherein i ∈ 1,
2,……,n}；When transmitting data, source node leads directly to link or repeated link according to probability selection, when repeated link transmits,
The signal y that relay node receivessrThe signal y received with destination noderdIt is indicated respectively with reception signal formula are as follows:
Wherein, XsIt is the data that source node is sent, XrIt is the data forwarded after relaying decodes, diIt is that source node S is saved to relaying
Point RiDistance, ciIt is relay node RiTo the distance of destination node D, hsrIt is that source node is communicated to relay node under Rayleigh fading
The channel coefficients of link, hrdIt is that for relay node to the channel coefficients of destination node communication link, α is path loss under Rayleigh fading
The factor, PsrAnd PrdThe respectively transmission power of source node and relay node, nsrAnd nrdRespectively indicate relay node and destination node
The additive white Gaussian noise that the mean value at place is 0, variance is 1；
If source node selects straight-through link, the signal that destination node receives is indicated are as follows:
Wherein, d is the distance of S to R, hsdIt is channel system of the Rayleigh fading following table source node to destination node communication link
Number, PsdIt is source node transmission power, nsdIndicate destination node at mean value be 0, the additive white Gaussian noise that variance is 1；
(2) probability calculation existing for relay node: using poisson process on the circle that radius is ρ, n relaying section is generated
Point, in communication process, by selection participate in communication relay node be known as candidate relay node, when candidate relay node set not
It is indicated for the probability P { N >=1 } of empty set are as follows:
P { N >=1 }=1-exp (- λ π ρ2)
Wherein, λ represents the density of relay node, and ρ is the radius of junction network model, and N is total of candidate relay node
Number, n is the total number of relay node in network, N≤n；
(3) signal-to-noise ratio is calculated: calculating source node to relay node, relay node to destination node and source node to purpose section
The signal-to-noise ratio of point communication link, is expressed as γsr、γrdAnd γsd:
Wherein, σ2It is the variance of additive white Gaussian noise, σ2=1；
(4) collection of energy and transimiison analysis of node: as source node energy storage state Ls[n] is greater than it and sends to destination node
The energy δ of data consumptionsd, select straight-through link to be communicated, obtain the energy relationship of source node adjacent time-slots, and then calculate
The battery steady-state distribution of source node, the i.e. energy theorem of source node；
If selecting repeated link, source node sends data and energy, the energy one that relay reception arrives to relay node simultaneously
Part is stored in relay node for decoding consumption, another part；Obtain adjacent time-slots source node and the relay node energy content of battery
Relationship, and then the battery steady-state distribution of source node and relay node under relay cooperative is calculated, with the energy theorem of relay node
It indicates；
(5) outage probability expression formula is obtained, for measuring communication performance under energy cooperates: by source node and relay node energy
Formula and signal-to-noise ratio formula are measured, P is enabledsd=δsd,Psr=δsr,Prd=δrd, calculate separately out the access probability P of straight-through link1With
The probability P of repeated link access2, obtain the lower outage probability expression formula P for measuring communication performance of energy cooperationout, outage probability table
Up to formula PoutFor measuring the quality of communication link.
The present invention introduced in traditional relay-model energy cooperation thought, by with original random relay selection side
Case comparison, obtains smaller outage probability.
Compared with prior art, technical advantage of the invention
Establish the relay-model of energy cooperation: because the one-way junction model in the present invention includes source node, one
A destination node and multiple relay nodes using decoding pass-through mode, are respectively labeled as S, D and Ri, wherein i ∈ 1,
2 ... ..., n }, and relay node obeys poisson process, so comparing previous model, traffic model of the invention has solid
Reliable mathematical model is easier to realize.
Energy Transport Model has feasibility: setting source node and relay node can collect energy from natural environment first
Amount, and source node sends energy while sending data to relay node when relay cooperative, analyzes the energy of adjacent time-slots node
The steady-state distribution of amount state and node battery, the present invention have more feasibility than previous relay-model energy transmission direction, lead to
Believe that the service life is long.
It obtains smaller outage probability: introducing the analysis of energy cooperation in relay-model, while source node is according to energy
State selects communication link, gives the energy variation of source node and relay node adjacent time-slots and the steady-state distribution of battery,
So comparing previous model, the probability for participating in the relay node normal communication of collaboration communication is higher, the outage probability of communication process
It is lower.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is junction network illustraton of model of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the Outage probability of distributed antenna contrast simulation curve graph of the solution of the present invention Yu random relay selection scheme.
Specific embodiment
Technical solutions and effects of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing
Embodiment 1
Wireless communication technique rapid development, the intelligent networks such as the 5th generation (5G) cellular system and Internet of Things (IOT) will arrive
Come, demand of the people to ultra-high data transmissions rate, high density connection and high fluidity can largely be expired really
Foot.All these services require the high computing capability that user terminal has real time signal processing, this can accelerate embedded battery
Exhaust, and sensor node periodic replacement battery is often inconvenient, especially in remote and low income area.Energy is not
The bottleneck that foot becomes these communication systems and various intelligent interconnection networks develop, the present invention expand research for this status,
It is proposed a kind of random relay selection method based on energy cooperation, referring to Fig. 1, the present invention carries out energy to source node and relay node
Cooperating analysis is measured, the thought of energy cooperation is introduced in relay-model, is comprised the following steps that
(1) establish one-way junction network model: the one-way junction network model that the present invention establishes is also energy coordination model,
Communications model is one-way junction network.
1.1 model specifications: referring to fig. 2, model of the invention is one-way junction network, by a source node, a purpose
Node and multiple relay node compositions using decoding pass-through mode, are respectively labeled as S, D and Ri, wherein i ∈ 1,2 ... ...,
n}。
The reception signal of 1.2 repeated links: when source node transmits data to destination node, source node is according to probability selection
Straight-through link or repeated link, if selection repeated link, uses random relay selection scheme.Data are divided into two when transmitting
Time slot, the signal that relay node receives can be respectively indicated with signal formula is received are as follows:
The signal that destination node receives can be respectively indicated with signal formula is received are as follows:
Wherein, XsIt is the data that source node is sent, XrIt is the data forwarded after relaying decodes, diIt is S to RiDistance, ciIt is
RiTo the distance of D, hsrIt is channel coefficients of the source node to relay node communication link, h under Rayleigh fadingrdBe under Rayleigh fading in
After node to the channel coefficients of destination node communication link, α is path-loss factor, PsrAnd PrdRespectively source node and relaying
The transmission power of node, nsrAnd nrdRespectively indicate the additive Gaussian that the mean value at relay node and destination node is 0, variance is 1
White noise.
The reception signal of 1.3 straight-through links: if source node selects straight-through link, the signal that destination node receives is indicated
Are as follows:
Wherein, d is the distance of S to R, hsdBe under Rayleigh fading source node to destination node communication link channel coefficients,
PsdIt is source node transmission power, nsdIndicate destination node at mean value be 0, the additive white Gaussian noise that variance is 1.
(2) probability calculation existing for relay node: using poisson process on the circle that radius is ρ, n relaying section is generated
Point can be known as candidate relay node by the relay node that selection participates in communication, when candidate relay node collection in communication process
Closing does not indicate for the probability P { N >=1 } of empty set are as follows:
P { N >=1 }=1-exp (- λ π ρ2)
Wherein, λ represents the density of relay node, and ρ is the radius of junction network model, and N is total of candidate relay node
Number, n is the total number of relay node in network, N≤n.
The relay-model that the present invention establishes energy cooperation includes that a source node, a destination node and multiple use solve
The relay node of code pass-through mode, is respectively labeled as S, D and Ri, wherein i ∈ { 1,2 ... ..., n }, and relay node obedience Poisson
Point process is easier to realize so comparing previous model with solid reliable mathematical model.
(3) it calculates signal-to-noise ratio: letter is received according to source node under the straight-through link and repeated link of step (1) and relay node
Number formula can calculate letter of the source node to relay node, relay node to destination node and source node to destination node communication link
It makes an uproar and compares, be expressed as γsr、γrdAnd γsd:
Wherein, σ2It is the variance of additive white Gaussian noise, σ2=1.
(4) collection of energy and transimiison analysis of node: it is different from traditional technology, in the present invention, source node and relay node
It is equipped with the battery with energy stores function, energy can be collected from ambient enviroment and be stored, in n-th of time slot,
The energy that source node and relay node are collected into is expressed as Es[n] and Er[n], wherein E [] is assembly average, initially
In the stage, source node selects communication link according to self-energy state, as source node energy storage state Ls[n] is greater than it to destination node
Send the energy δ of data consumptionsd, select straight-through link to be communicated, obtain the energy relationship of source node adjacent time-slots, Jin Erji
Calculate the battery steady-state distribution of source node, the i.e. energy theorem of source node:
If selecting repeated link, source node sends data and energy, the energy one that relay reception arrives to relay node simultaneously
Part is stored in relay node for decoding consumption, another part；The energy source for knowing relay node is to receive from environment
The sum of the energy that the energy and source node collected is sent, and the two is mutually indepedent, obtains adjacent time-slots source node and relay node
Energy content of battery relationship, and then calculate the battery steady-state distribution of source node and relay node under relay cooperative, i.e., source node is in
After the energy theorem of node.
(5) outage probability expression formula is obtained, for measuring communication performance under energy cooperates: in as obtained in step (2)
Source node and relaying in the signal-to-noise ratio formula and step (4) of corresponding link obtained in probability, step (3) existing for the node
The steady-state distribution of node battery, enables Psd=δsd,Psr=δsr,Prd=δrd, enable straight-through link and the transmitting of repeated link respective nodes
The value of power is equal with the consumption value of energy, calculates separately out the access probability P of straight-through link1With the probability of repeated link access
P2, obtain the lower outage probability expression formula P for measuring communication performance of energy cooperationout, outage probability expression formula PoutIt is logical for measuring
Believe the quality of link.
The present invention cooperates and relays in order to solve the problems, such as Energy volution and energy constraint in wireless sensor network, by energy
Node is taken into consideration, and the overall technical architecture of the random relay selection method under energy cooperation is given.Realize skill of the invention
Art scheme is: source node and relay node can collect energy from ambient enviroment, and source node can be to relay node
Wireless energy transfer is carried out, i.e., transmits energy, the energy one of source node transmission while source node sends data to relay node
By relay node for decoding, a part is stored in relay node for part.In addition, communication process is according to source node energy state
Selecting straight-through link or repeated link, when relay cooperative, completes the selection of relay node using random relay selection method,
In conjunction with battery steady-state distribution condition and signal-to-noise ratio formula, the interruption of the random relay selection method based on energy cooperation is derived
Probability expression obtains lower outage probability, provides better solution for wireless relay communication.
Embodiment 2
Random relay selection method based on energy cooperation is with embodiment 1, the wherein energy of node described in step (4)
Collection and transimiison analysis, specifically comprise the following steps:
4.1 source node energy spectrometers: source node selects communication link according to self-energy state, when source node energy storage state
When sending the energy that data consume to destination node greater than it, straight-through link is selected to be communicated, the energy of source node adjacent time-slots
Magnitude relation indicates are as follows:
Ls[n+1]=Ls[n]+Es[n]-δsd
Wherein, Ls[n] is the energy storage state of n-th of time slot source node battery, Ls[n+1] is (n+1)th time slot source node electricity
The energy storage state in pond, Es[n] is the energy that source node is collected into from environment, δsdBeing source node sends data institute to destination node
The energy of consumption.Therefore the battery steady-state distribution of source node can be obtained:
The energy spectrometer of 4.2 relay nodes: if selection repeated link, using random relay selection method, i.e. source node exists
Under conditions of relay node battery instantaneous state and location information are unknown, i-th of relay node of random selection carrys out assistance information
Transmitting, the method are suitable for the network of low complex degree, serious power or bandwidth limitation.But in the present invention source node simultaneously to
Relay node sends data and energy simultaneously, and energy a part that relay reception arrives is stored in for decoding consumption, another part
In relay node.At this point, adjacent time-slots source node and the relay node energy content of battery indicate are as follows:
Ls[n+1]=Ls[n]+Es[n]-δsr
Lr[n+1]=Lr[n]+Er[n]+βδsr-δrd
Wherein, Lr[n] is the energy storage state of n-th of time slot source node battery, Lr[n+1] is the (n+1)th time slot source node battery
Energy storage state, Er[n] is the energy that source node is collected into from environment, δsrIt is that source node is consumed to relay node transmission data
Energy, β δsrEnergy be stored in relay node, (1- β) δsrEnergy relayed for decoding consumption, wherein 0≤β≤
1, δrdIt is the energy that relay node sends that data are consumed to destination node.Source node and relaying section under relay cooperative similarly can be obtained
The battery steady-state distribution of point:
In the present invention, setting source node and relay node can collect energy, and relay cooperative from natural environment first
When source node send energy while sending data to relay node, analyze the energy state and node electricity of adjacent time-slots node
The steady-state distribution in pond, the present invention have more feasibility than previous relay-model energy transmission direction, communicate longer life expectancy.
Embodiment 3
For random relay selection method based on energy cooperation with embodiment 1-2, calculating described in step (5) of the present invention is straight
The access probability P of logical link1, it is specific as follows:
One communication system performance is measured by corresponding index, for wireless relay network, is interrupted
Probability becomes the main indicator for measuring it.When link capacity C is unsatisfactory for required user rate r0When, interrupt event will be sent out
It is raw, so can occur to interrupt the average signal-to-noise ratio and its channel fading distributed model for also depending on link, interrupted by definition general
Rate indicates are as follows:
Pout=P { C < r0}=P { γ < ε }
Wherein, γ indicates signal-to-noise ratio, and ε is signal-noise ratio threshold, r0For the rate of information throughput in communication process, determined by Shannon
Known to reasonEnable Psd=δsd,Psr=δsr,Prd=δrd, the access for obtaining straight-through link in conjunction with battery steady-state distribution is general
Rate P1:
The present invention does not only give the outage probability expression formula P of the random relay selection method based on energy cooperationout, and
And the access probability P of straight-through link is given in calculating process1Calculation formula, formula P1Accurate description source node
Influence of the energy state to communication.
Embodiment 4
Random relay selection method based on energy cooperation is with embodiment 1-3, in calculating described in step (5) of the present invention
After the access probability P of link2, the energy value of source node is unsatisfactory for the condition of direct transferring and meets the condition of relay transmission, relay simultaneously
The battery status of node meets transmission state, enables Psd=δsd,Psr=δsr,Prd=δrd, specific formula is as follows:
The present invention does not only give the outage probability expression formula P of the random relay selection method based on energy cooperationout,
The access probability P of repeated link is given in calculating process2Calculation formula, formula P2Accurate description source node and relaying
Influence of the energy state and signal-to-noise ratio of node to communication.
Embodiment 5
Random relay selection method according to claim 1 based on energy cooperation is the same as embodiment 1-4, present invention step
Suddenly the lower outage probability expression formula P for measuring communication performance of the cooperation of energy described in (5)out, only when straight-through link and relaying chain
When road is interrupted simultaneously, interrupt event can just occur, and calculate Pout。
Because the present invention carries out energy cooperation to source node and relay node, the previous relay-model of the prior art is compared,
The probability that the present invention participates in the relay node normal communication of collaboration communication is higher, and the outage probability of communication process is lower.
A more detailed example is given below, the present invention is further described:
Embodiment 6
Random relay selection method based on energy cooperation with embodiment 1-5,
Referring to Fig.1, steps are as follows for realization of the invention:
Step 1, the relay-model of communication system is set as one-way junction model, referring to Fig. 2, the distribution of relay node is taken
From poisson process.
Step 2, it is assumed that channel fading is Rayleigh fading, setting model euclidean distance between node pair and channel parameter, calculates and receives
The signal and signal-to-noise ratio arrived.
2.1) setting model euclidean distance between node pair and channel parameter are as follows:
diIt is S to RiDistance, ciIt is RiTo the distance of D, d is the distance of S to R, hsdIt is that source node is communicated to destination node
The channel coefficients of link, hsrIt is channel coefficients of the source node to relay node communication link, hrdIt is relay node to destination node
The channel coefficients of communication link, α are path-loss factors.
2.2) parameter set according to step 2.1) calculates the signal y that relay node receives under relay cooperativesrAnd purpose
The signal y that node receivesrdAnd the signal y that destination node receives under straight-through linksd。
Wherein, XsIt is the data that source node is sent, XrIt is the data forwarded after relaying decodes, PsrAnd PrdRespectively relaying association
Make the transmission power of lower source node and relay node, nsrAnd nrdRespectively indicate mean value at relay node and destination node be 0,
The additive white Gaussian noise that variance is 1.PsdIt is the lower source node transmission power for the link that direct transfers, nsdIndicate equal at destination node
Value is the additive white Gaussian noise that 0, variance is 1.
Source node can be calculated to relay node, relay node to destination node and source node to destination node by formula<1>
The signal-to-noise ratio of communication link, is expressed as γsr、γrdAnd γsd:
Signal-to-noise ratio of the source node to relay node communication link:
Signal-to-noise ratio of the relay node to destination node communication link:
Signal-to-noise ratio of the source node to destination node communication link:
Wherein, σ2It is the variance of additive white Gaussian noise, σ in the present invention2=1
Step 3, the steady-state distribution of source node and relay node battery is calculated
The specific implementation of this step is as follows:
(3a) meets L when source nodes[n]≥δsdSelection is directly transmitted, source node battery adjacent time-slots energy feelings at this time
Condition and steady-state distribution indicate are as follows:
Wherein, Ls[n] indicates the energy storage state of n-th of time slot source node battery, Ls[n+1] indicates (n+1)th Timeslot source section
The energy storage state of point battery, Es[n] indicates the energy that source node is collected into from environment, δsdIndicate that source node is sent out to destination node
The energy for sending data to consume.
(3b) calculates the energy variation and steady-state distribution of source node adjacent time-slots when relay cooperative:
Wherein, δsrIndicate source node every energy for sending the consumption of data packet when relay cooperative.
It is δ that (3c), which knows that source node sends the energy that data packet carries by step (3b),sr, present invention setting relay node decoding
The energy of consumption is (1- β) δsr, remaining energy is then stored in relay node, can calculate separately relay node phase by following formula
The energy variation and steady-state distribution of adjacent time slot:
Wherein, δrdIndicate the every energy for sending the consumption of a data packet of relay node.
Step 4, P is enabled after in system in the present inventionsd=δsd,Psr=δsr,Prd=δrd, calculate separately straight-through link
The access probability of access probability and repeated link.
Specifically comprise the following steps:
(4a) calculates the access probability of straight-through link:
When link capacity C is unsatisfactory for required user rate r0When, interrupt event will occur, and be interrupted according to definition general
Rate may be expressed as:
Pout=P { C < r0}=P { γ < ε }； <8>
Wherein, γ indicates signal-to-noise ratio, and ε is signal-noise ratio threshold, r0For the rate of information throughput in communication process, determined by Shannon
Known to reason
Convolution<4>, formula<5>and formula<8>obtain the access probability P of straight-through link1:
The access probability of (4b) calculating repeated link:
For the present invention using poisson process on the circle that radius is ρ, generating n relay node can in communication process
Candidate relay node is known as by the relay node that selection participates in communication, when candidate relay node set is not the probability P { N of empty set
>=1 } it indicates are as follows:
P { N >=1 }=1-exp (- λ π ρ2) <10>
Wherein, λ represents the density of relay node, and ρ is the radius of junction network model, and N is total of candidate relay node
Number, n is the total number of relay node in network, N≤n.
Similarly, the signal-to-noise ratio formula<2>and formula<3>of repeated link are considered, during convolution<6>, formula<7>and formula<10>can be obtained
After the access probability P of link2:
The access probability of repeated link is to be combined to obtain by signal-to-noise ratio and repeated link battery steady-state distribution.
(4c) by being analyzed above it is found that only when straight-through link and repeated link while when interrupting, interrupt event can just be sent out
It is raw, according to step (4a) and step (4b) as a result, P can be calculatedout:
It is proposed by the present invention based on energy cooperation random relay selection method, in wireless relay system, source node with
Relay node all has the function of energy acquisition, and source node sends energy and data to relay node simultaneously.Based on random relaying
Selection scheme introduces the thought that source node leads directly to link or repeated link according to probability selection, finally, obtaining outage probability table
Up to formula.
Effect of the invention can be illustrated by following simulation example:
Embodiment 7
Random relay selection method based on energy cooperation with embodiment 1-6,
Simulated conditions:
Communication channel decline submits to rayleigh distributed, and the transmission rate of information is r0=0.01BPCU, Poisson radius ρ=
1m, the distance between source node and destination node are set as d=8m, 0≤δsd≤10,δsr≤δsd,δrd≤δsd, source node is in
After the energy that node is collected into from ambient enviroment be Es[n]=Er[n]=0.479.
Emulation platform: MATLAB；
Emulation data: the outage probability expression formula that the method in the present invention is derived is emulated using traversal.
Emulation content and result:
Emulation 1, is compared with the method for the present invention and original random relay selection scheme, is ensuring the identical feelings of parameter
Under condition, the comparison diagram of this system performance of outage probability is obtained, as a result such as Fig. 3.
In Fig. 3, abscissa indicates the transmission power of source node, and ordinate indicates that outage probability, dotted line represent existing skill
The random relay selection scheme of art, dotted line represent the random relay selection method of the invention based on energy cooperation.
Emulate conclusion:
As can be seen from Figure 3: when the value range of source node transmission power is 0 to 10, original random relaying choosing
The outage probability for selecting scheme and the method for the present invention is the increase with abscissa and declines, but compares original random relaying and select
Scheme is selected, the method for the present invention declines faster, and remains and differ greatly with original randomizing scheme outage probability, in horizontal seat
When being designated as 4, tends towards stability and reach outage probability less than 10-1, emulation proof outage probability of the invention is lower, and interruption performance is more
It is good.
Simulation results show model proposed by the present invention can obtain lower outage probability, performance is more preferably.
To sum up, a kind of random relay selection method based on energy cooperation disclosed by the invention, mainly solves wireless relay
Because of the problem of interruption performance difference caused by energy constraint in network.Its implementation is: the communication of setting transmission data first
Model；The selection of communication link is carried out according to the battery status of the position distribution situation of relay node and source node, calculates relaying
The signal-to-noise ratio of signal and communication link that node and destination node receive；It is furnished with simultaneously according to setting source node and relay node
The battery of store function, and energy can be collected from environment, therefore the energy of battery steady-state distribution and transmission link can be calculated
Measure Expenditure Levels；According to signal-to-noise ratio and battery steady-state distribution, the outage probability expression formula for measuring system performance can be derived；By imitating
True result is it is found that compared with original random selection scheme, and the present invention introduces energy cooperation in traditional relay-model, to source
Node and relay node carry out energy cooperating analysis and obtain the outage probability of relay-model using battery steady-state distribution.The present invention
It can get smaller outage probability, more preferably, taking for wireless relay network can communicate performance.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of random relay selection method based on energy cooperation, which is characterized in that carry out energy to source node and relay node
Cooperating analysis is measured, is comprised the following steps that
(1) establish one-way junction network model: communications model is one-way junction network, includes a source node, one
Destination node and multiple relay nodes using decoding pass-through mode, are respectively labeled as S, D and Ri, wherein i ∈ 1,
2,······,n}；When transmitting data, source node leads directly to link or repeated link according to probability selection, relays chain
When road is transmitted, signal y that relay node receivessrThe signal y received with destination noderdIt respectively indicates are as follows:
Wherein, XsIt is the data that source node is sent, XrIt is the data forwarded after relaying decodes, diIt is source node S to relay node Ri
Distance, ciIt is relay node RiTo the distance of destination node D, hsrBe under Rayleigh fading source node to relay node communication link
Channel coefficients, hrdBe under Rayleigh fading relay node to destination node communication link channel coefficients, α be path loss because
Son, PsrAnd PrdThe respectively transmission power of source node and relay node, nsrAnd nrdIt respectively indicates at relay node and destination node
Mean value be 0, the additive white Gaussian noise that variance is 1；
If source node selects straight-through link, the signal that destination node receives is indicated are as follows:
Wherein, d is the distance of S to R, hsdIt is channel coefficients of the source node to destination node communication link, P under Rayleigh fadingsdIt is
Source node transmission power, nsdIndicate destination node at mean value be 0, the additive white Gaussian noise that variance is 1；
(2) probability calculation existing for relay node: using poisson process on the circle that radius is ρ, generating n relay node,
In communication process, candidate relay node can be known as by the relay node that selection participates in communication, when candidate relay node set
It is not indicated for the probability P { N >=1 } of empty set are as follows:
P { N >=1 }=1-exp (- λ π ρ2)
Wherein, λ represents the density of relay node, and ρ is the radius of junction network model, and N is the total number of candidate relay node, n
It is the total number of relay node in network, N≤n；
(3) it calculates signal-to-noise ratio: it is logical to relay node, relay node to destination node and source node to destination node to calculate source node
The signal-to-noise ratio for believing link, is expressed as γsr、γrdAnd γsd:
Wherein, σ2It is the variance of additive white Gaussian noise, σ2=1；
(4) collection of energy and transimiison analysis of node: as source node energy storage state Ls[n] is greater than it and sends data to destination node
The energy δ of consumptionsd, select straight-through link to be communicated, obtain the energy relationship of source node adjacent time-slots, and then calculate source section
The battery steady-state distribution of point, the i.e. energy theorem of source node；
If selecting repeated link, source node sends data and energy simultaneously to relay node, energy a part that relay reception arrives
It is consumed for decoding, another part is stored in relay node；It obtains adjacent time-slots source node and the relay node energy content of battery is closed
System, and then calculate the battery steady-state distribution of source node and relay node under relay cooperative；
(5) outage probability expression formula is obtained, for measuring communication performance under energy cooperates: public by source node and relay node energy
Formula and signal-to-noise ratio formula, enable Psd=δsd,Psr=δsr,Prd=δrd, calculate separately out the access probability P of straight-through link1And relaying
The probability P of link access2, obtain the lower outage probability expression formula P for measuring communication performance of energy cooperationout, outage probability expression formula
PoutFor measuring the quality of communication link.
2. the random relay selection method according to claim 1 based on energy cooperation, which is characterized in that in step (4)
The collection of energy and transimiison analysis of the node, specifically comprise the following steps:
4.1 source nodes select communication link according to self-energy state, when source node energy storage state is more than or equal to it to purpose section
When point sends the energy of data consumption, straight-through link is selected to be communicated, the energy relationship of source node adjacent time-slots indicates are as follows:
Ls[n+1]=Ls[n]+Es[n]-δsd
Wherein, Ls[n] is the energy storage state of n-th of time slot source node battery, Ls[n+1] is (n+1)th time slot source node battery
Energy storage state, Es[n] is the energy that source node is collected into from environment, δsdIt is that source node is consumed to destination node transmission data
Energy, obtain the battery steady-state distribution of source node:
If 4.2 selection repeated links, using random relay selection method, i.e., source node is in relay node battery instantaneous state and position
Under conditions of confidence breath is unknown, i-th of relay node of random selection carrys out the transmitting of assistance information, and the method is suitable for low complexity
The network of degree, serious power or bandwidth limitation, source node send data and energy simultaneously to relay node, what relay reception arrived
Energy a part is stored in relay node for decoding consumption, another part；At this point, adjacent time-slots source node and relay node
The energy content of battery indicates are as follows:
Ls[n+1]=Ls[n]+Es[n]-δsr
Lr[n+1]=Lr[n]+Er[n]+βδsr-δrd
Wherein, Lr[n] is the energy storage state of n-th of time slot source node battery, Lr[n+1] is the storage of the (n+1)th time slot source node battery
Energy state, Er[n] is the energy that source node is collected into from environment, δsrIt is the energy that source node sends that data are consumed to relay node
Amount, β δsrEnergy be stored in relay node, (1- β) δsrEnergy relayed for decode consumption, wherein 0≤β≤1, δrd
It is the energy that relay node sends that data are consumed to destination node；Similarly obtain the electricity of source node and relay node under relay cooperative
Pond steady-state distribution:
The battery steady-state distribution of repeated link source node is different from the steady-state distribution of battery of source node under straight-through link.
3. the random relay selection method according to claim 1 based on energy cooperation, which is characterized in that in step (5)
The access probability P of the straight-through link of the calculating1, it is specific as follows:
When link capacity C is unsatisfactory for required user rate r0When, interrupt event will occur, according to definition outage probability Pout
It indicates are as follows:
Pout=P { C < r0}=P { γ < ε }
Wherein, γ indicates signal-to-noise ratio, and ε is signal-noise ratio threshold, r0It, can by Shannon's theorems for the rate of information throughput in communication process
KnowThe access probability P of straight-through link is obtained in conjunction with the signal-to-noise ratio formula and battery steady-state distribution of corresponding link1:
4. the random relay selection method according to claim 1 based on energy cooperation, which is characterized in that in step (5)
The access probability P of the calculating repeated link2, it is specific as follows:
The access probability of repeated link is to be combined to obtain by signal-to-noise ratio and repeated link battery steady-state distribution.
5. the random relay selection method according to claim 1 based on energy cooperation, which is characterized in that in step (5)
The lower outage probability expression formula P for measuring communication performance of the energy cooperationout, it is specific as follows, only when straight-through link and relaying
When link interrupts simultaneously, interrupt event can just occur, and calculate Pout:
Finally, outage probability is obtained jointly by straight-through link and repeated link.
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